北师大版（2019）必修第一册Unit 2 Sports and fitness A卷 基础夯实单元测试卷（ word版含解析 无听力试题）

Unit
2
Sports
and
fitness
A卷
基础夯实
第一部分
阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节
（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
???
This
is
not
a
diet.
It's
a
simple
way
to
lose
weight.
You
don't
have
to
give
up
the
food
you
love
or
join
a
gym.
You
just
follow
some
habits
thin
people
have.
Keep
them,
and
you'll
become
thin.
???
??Wake
up
???
When
you
wake
up
in
the
morning,
sit
up
slowly
without
using
your
hands.
With
legs
straight
out,
lean
forward
(前俯)
until
you
feel
sore(酸痛的)
in
your
back.
It
will
use
up
10
calories.
???
??Start
with
soup
???
Order
a
clear
soup,
and
have
it
before
the
main
food.
In
this
way,
you'll
feel
fuller,
so
you'll
eat
less
when
the
main
food
comes.
???
??An
apple
or
more
a
day
???
Apples
are
full
of
fiber(纤维素)
and
water,
so
your
stomach
will
want
less.
Studies
show
that
people
who
eat
at
least
three
apples
or
pears
a
day
may
lose
weight.
???
??Talk
it
up
???
Every
time
you
use
the
cellphone,
stand
up
and
walk
around.
Heavy
people
sit
on
average
two
and
a
half
hours
more
each
day
than
thin
people.
This
skill
is
very
important
as
standing
up
and
walking
around
will
burn
up
50
or
more
calories.
???
Use
these
skills,
and
you
will
have
a
big
weight
loss.
1.The
text
is
to
encourage
you
to
_______.
A.go
on
a
diet
B.follow
some
habits
of
thin
people
C.join
a
gym
D.give
up
your
favorite
foods
2.Which
of
the
following
ways
is
a
good
choice
to
become
thin?
A.Sit
up
quickly
in
the
morning.
B.Sit
down
when
using
a
cellphone.
C.Eat
rice
instead
of
apples.
D.Have
soup
before
the
main
food.
3.How
many
skills
are
there
in
the
text
for
people
to
lose
weight?
A.Two.
B.Three.
C.Five.
D.Four.
B
???
John,
a
very
thin
boy,
loved
football
with
all
his
heart
when
he
was
very
young.
Practice
after
practice,
he
eagerly
gave
everything
he
had.
But
being
half
the
size
of
the
other
boys,
he
could
only
sit
on
the
bench
and
hardly
ever
played
in
games.
Even
though
the
son
was
always
on
the
bench,
his
father
was
always
standing
with
cheers
and
encouraging
him.
???
When
John
went
to
college,
he
decided
to
try
out
for
the
football
team
as
a
"walk-on".
Everyone
was
sure
he
could
never
make
the
cut,
but
he
did.
The
coach
thought
he
could
provide
the
other
members
with
the
spirit
they
needed.
???
The
news
that
he
had
survived
the
selection
excited
him
so
much
that
he
rushed
to
the
nearest
phone
and
called
his
father.
His
father
shared
his
excitement
and
was
sent
season
tickets
for
all
the
college
games.
???
It
was
the
end
of
the
last
football
season.
One
day
John
received
a
telegram
and
asked
one
week
off.
Nobody
knew
what
happened
except
the
coach.
The
coach
said,
"Don't
plan
to
come
back
to
the
game
on
Saturday."
???
Saturday
arrived,
and
the
game
was
not
going
well.
When
the
team
was
ten
points
behind,
John
came
back.
"Coach,
please
let
me
play.
I've
just
got
to
play
today,"
said
John.
The
coach
pretended
not
to
hear
him.
But
John
persisted,
and
finally
feeling
sorry
for
the
kid,
the
coach
gave
in.
???
Before
long,
everyone
could
not
believe
their
eyes.
John
was
doing
everything
to
fight.
The
opponents
could
not
stop
him.
He
ran,
passed
and
blocked
like
a
star.
And
at
last
his
team
won
the
game.
???
After
the
game,
John
looked
at
the
coach,
with
tears
in
his
eyes,
and
said,
"Well,
you
knew
my
dad
died,
but
did
you
know
that
my
dad
was
blind?"
John
swallowed
hard
and
forced
a
smile,
"Dad
came
to
all
my
games,
but
today
was
the
first
time
he
could
see
me
play,
and
I
wanted
to
show
him
that
I
could
do
it."
1.Why
did
John
hardly
have
any
chance
to
play
in
games?
A.Because
he
had
no
time
to
practice.
B.Because
he
was
too
young
to
play
games.
C.Because
everyone
looked
down
upon
him.
D.Because
his
body
condition
was
not
good.
2.The
underlined
phrase
"make
the
cut"
in
the
second
paragraph
can
be
replaced
by
"_______".
A.make
progress
B.be
allowed
to
join
the
team
C.cut
himself
D.be
refused
by
the
coach
3.From
the
text
we
can
know
that
_______.
A.John
felt
very
depressed
as
a
"walk-on"
B.John's
father
always
taught
him
how
to
play
C.John's
father
went
to
all
his
college
games
D.the
coach
was
sure
John
would
be
the
best
player
one
day
4.This
story
tells
us
that
"_______".
A.a
burden
of
one's
choice
is
not
felt
B.better
to
do
well
than
to
say
well
C.all
roads
lead
to
Rome
D.where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way
C
???
A
number
of
studies
show
that
sports
and
other
physical
activities
can
contribute
to
the
development
of
self-esteem
(a
feeling
of
pride
in
oneself).
For
example,
Canadian
scientists
found
that
sixth-grade
students
who
were
more
physically
active
had
considerably
higher
levels
of
self-esteem.
A
study
in
Switzerland
found
that
teenagers
who
took
part
in
sports
clubs
were
healthier,
including
being
better
socially
adjusted,
feeling
less
anxious,
and
generally
being
happier
about
their
lives.
Similar
findings
were
reported
in
a
study
of
Latino
students,
where
self-esteem
was
found
to
be
greatly
related
to
participation
in
school
sport.
????There
seems
little
doubt
that
part
of
the
potency
(效力)
of
sports
lies
in
their
social
setting.
There
are
a
lot
of
facts
showing
the
importance
of
social
interactions
for
the
healthy
development
of
children
and
teenagers,
and
sports
offer
a
popular
and
engaging
setting
for
such
activities.
Involvement
in
team
sports
has
been
positively
associated
with
social
acceptance
and
a
sense
of
belonging,
especially
where
such
involvement
is
characterized
by
positive
coaching,
progressive
skill
development,
and
peer
support.
???
But,
the
social
setting
of
sports
can
exclude
as
well
as
include.
There
is
now
evidence
that
boys'
and
girls'
experiences
of
sports
can
be
very
different,
and
this
can
affect
the
contribution
they
can
make
to
the
self-esteem
of
players.
Peer
acceptance
seems
to
be
an
important
factor
in
determining
the
relationship
between
sport
participation
and
self-esteem,
and
girls
can
be
particularly
sensitive
to
negative
judgments.
And
studies
have
found
that
many
"girly"
boys
and
girls
benefit
most
from
non-competitive
physical
activities.
???
So,
a
note
of
caution
ought
to
be
sounded
in
case
sports
are
considered
to
be
a
cure.
Much
of
the
literature
on
the
most
positive
psychological(心理的)
outcomes
related
to
childhood
and
youth
sports
stresses
the
absolute
importance
of
positive
experiences.
It
will
surprise
no
one
that
bullying,
excluding
or
abuse
experiences
will
harm,
rather
than
support
the
development
of
self-esteem,
and
wellbeing
in
general.
Sadly,
it
will
also
not
be
a
shock
to
learn
that
many
children's
introductions
to
sports
are
far
from
improving
the
quality
of
life.
???
The
great
developmental
psychologist
Jean
Piaget
argued
that
the
foundations
of
self-esteem
were
laid
between
the
ages
of
about
6
and
11.
Importantly,
this
is
also
the
time
when
children
are
most
likely
to
be
introduced
to
sports.
We
should
know
the
importance
of
positive
early
sporting
experiences
for
the
development
of
both
self-esteem
and
ongoing
participation
in
sports
and
other
physical
activities.
Teachers,
coaches,
and
parents
have
a
responsibility
to
make
sure
that
these
experiences
"catch"
as
many
children
as
possible,
and
for
this
to
happen
they
need
to
remember
"the
principles
of
children's
development":
Children
are
not
mini-adults.
???
Problems
arise
when
adults
forget
these
principles
and
kids
themselves,
thinking
that
they
are
coaching
future
Olympic
athletes
or
super
stars.
Unluckily,
evidence
suggests
that
talented
children
are
most
likely
to
stand
out
when
they
are
given
time
to
develop,
to
play,
and
to
remain
children.
???
Children
are
not
mini-adults,
and
their
enjoyment
of
sports
(and
their
self-esteem)
can
suffer
when
adults
forget
this!
1.Studies
in
Switzerland
showed
teenagers
who
often
join
in
sports
________.
A.build
self-esteem
earlier
B.have
more
good
experiences
C.are
more
sensitive
to
judgments
D.are
healthier
both
physically
and
mentally
2.In
general,
the
author's
attitude
toward
the
influence
of
sports
on
teenagers
is
_______.
A.positive
B.critical
C.uncertain
D.tolerant
3.According
to
the
author,
when
children
take
part
in
sports,
they
_______.
A.will
be
happier
about
their
lives
B.are
more
likely
to
be
attracted
by
competitive
sports
C.should
be
treated
by
coaches
and
parents
as
super
stars
D.will
build
self-esteem
if
given
positive
comment
and
support
4.Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.Children
Should
Take
Part
in
Sports
B.Sports
Offer
You
a
Better
Teenage
Life
C.Sports
Experiences
and
Building
Self-esteem
D.People
Should
Treat
Teenagers
Like
Mini-adults
D
??
Sport
is
not
only
physically
challenging,
but
it
can
also
be
mentally
challenging.
Criticism
(批评)
from
coaches,
parents,
and
other
teammates,
as
well
as
pressure
to
win
can
create
an
excessive
amount
of
anxiety
or
stress
for
young
athletes.
Stress
can
be
physical,
emotional,
or
psychological
and
research
has
suggested
that
it
can
lead
to
burnout.
Burnout
has
been
described
as
dropping
or
quitting
an
activity
that
was
at
one
time
enjoyable.
???
The
early
years
of
development
can
be
critical
years
for
learning
about
oneself.
The
sport
setting
is
one
where
valuable
experiences
can
take
place.
Young
athletes
can,
for
example,
learn
how
to
cooperate
with
others,
make
friends,
and
gain
other
social
skills
that
will
be
used
throughout
their
lives.
Coaches
and
parents
should
be
aware,
at
all
times,
that
their
feedback
to
youngsters
can
greatly
affect
their
children.
Youngsters
may
take
parents'
and
coaches'
criticisms
to
heart
and
find
a
flaw
(缺点)
in
themselves.
???
Coaches
and
parents
should
also
be
careful
that
youth
sport
participation
does
not
become
work
for
children.
The
outcome
of
the
game
should
not
be
more
important
than
the
process
of
learning
the
sport
and
other
life
lessons.
In
today's
youth
sport
setting,
young
athletes
may
be
worrying
more
about
who
will
win
instead
of
enjoying
themselves
and
the
sport.
Following
a
game,
many
parents
and
coaches
focus
on
the
outcome
and
find
fault
with
youngsters,
performances.
Encouragement
has
a
greater
effect
on
improvement
than
criticism.
Again,
criticism
can
create
high
levels
of
stress,
which
can
lead
to
burnout.
1.What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
first
paragraph?
A.Mental
stress
should
be
reduced.
B.Sport
should
be
made
less
competitive.
C.Stress
should
be
made
less.
D.Sport
can
be
mentally
challenging.
2.According
to
the
passage,
young
people
can
benefit
from
sport
because
______.
A.it
can
help
them
learn
more
about
society
B.it
enables
them
to
criticize
themselves
C.it
can
provide
them
with
valuable
experiences
D.it
teaches
them
how
to
set
realistic
goals
for
themselves
3.According
to
the
passage,
parents
and
coaches
should
_______.
A.enable
children
to
enjoy
sport
B.help
children
to
win
every
game
C.train
children
to
deal
with
stress
D.understand
the
meaning
of
sport
4.The
author's
purpose
in
writing
the
passage
is
_______.
A.to
teach
young
athletes
how
to
avoid
burnout
B.to
persuade
young
children
not
to
worry
about
criticism
C.to
stress
the
importance
of
encouraging
children
D.to
discuss
the
skill
of
combining
criticism
with
encouragement
第二节
（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
???
Most
people
think
Chinese
martial
arts
(武术)
are
all
about
kicking
and
fighting.?①______
It
is
slow,
calm
and
peaceful.
???
Tai
chi
dates
back
to
the
mid-17th
century
in
Wenxian
county
in
Henan
Province.
UNESCO
added
it
to
its
Lists
of
Intangible
Cultural
Heritage
in
2020.
Although
tai
chi
is
an
ancient
martial
art,
it
is
still
quite
popular
today.
②______
???
People
do
tai
chi
as
a
way
to
stay
fit.
Unlike
other
exercises,
it
is
"soft"—the
muscles
are
not
tense,
the
joints
are
not
fully
bent,
and
you
don't
need
to
stretch
(伸展)
your
body
too
much.?③______
You
can
practise
it
almost
anytime
and
anywhere
without
equipment.
It
is
believed
that
practising
tai
chi
can
help
us
have
better
control
of
our
bodies
so
that
we
can
stand,
walk
and
run
better.
????④______
You
can
control
them
better.
Slow
movements
also
allow
you
to
take
deep,
long
breaths.
This
is
good
for
your
bodies.
???
But
the
benefits
of
tai
chi
go
beyond
the
physical
side.?⑤______
Tai
chi
has
taught
them
the
value
of
living
more
slowly.
Just
as
a
Peruvian
woman
who
has
practised
tai
chi
for
more
than
10
years
says,
"Practising
tai
chi
is
like
speaking
with
my
soul."
A.?This
means
many
can
do
it.
B.?But
tai
chi
is
the
other
way
around.
C.?It's
a
practical
way
for
one
to
further
balance.
D.?You
need
to
keep
a
healthy
balance
in
all
things.
E.?It
has
over
100
million
fans
in
more
than
150
countries.
F.?For
some
people,
it's
not
only
a
sport,
but
also
a
way
of
life.
G.?During
slow
movements,
you
can
concentrate
on
your
hands
and
feet.
第二部分
语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节
（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The
Price
of
a
Dream
???
I
grew
up
poor—living
with
my
wonderful
mother.
We
had
little
money,
but
plenty
of
love
and
attention.
I
was????
1???
?and
energetic.
I
understood
that
no
matter
how
poor
a
person
was,
he
could
still
afford
a
dream.
???
My
dream
was?????2?
??.
By
the
time
I
was
sixteen,
I
started
playing
baseball.
I
could
throw
a
ninety-mile-per-hour
fastball
and
hit
anything
that
moved
on
the
football
field.
I
was
also?????3
???
My
high
school
coach
was
John,
who
not
only
believed
in
me,
but
also
taught
me?????4
???
to
believe
in
myself.
He
taught
me
the
difference
between
having
a
dream
and
remaining
true
to
that
dream.
One
particular?????5
???
with
Coach
John
changed
my
life
forever.
???
A
friend
suggested
me
for
a
summer
job.
This
meant
a
chance
for
money
in
my
pocket—money
for
a
new
bike,
new
clothes
and
the?????6
???
of
savings
for
a
house
for
my
mother.
Then
I
realized
I
would
have
to?????7
???
up
summer
training
to
handle
the
work
schedule,
and
that
meant
I
would
have
to
tell
John
I
wouldn't
be
playing.
???
When
I
told
John,
he
was?????8
???
as
I
expected
him
to
be.
"You
have
your
whole
life
to
work,"
he
said.
"Your?????9
???
days
are
limited.
You
can't
afford
to
waste
them."
I
stood
before
him
with
my
head
hanging,
trying
to
think
of
the
???
10
???
that
would
explain
to
him
why
my
dream
of
buying
my
mom
a
house
and
having
money
in
my
pocket
was
worth
facing
his
???
11
???
in
me.
???
"How
much
will
you
make
at
this
job,
son?"
He
asked.
"3.5
dollars
an
hour,"
I
replied.
"Well,"
he
asked,
"is
$3.5
an
hour
the
price
of
a
dream?"
???
That
simple
question
made
clear
for
me
the
difference
between
???
12
???
something
right
now
and
having
a
???
13
???.
I
decided
myself
to
play
sports
that
summer
and
???
14
???
the
year
I
was
hired
by
the
Pittsburgh
Pirates
to
play
baseball,
and
was
???
15
???
a
$20,000
contract.
In
1999,
I
bought
my
mother
the
house
of
my
dream!
1.A.happy????
B.polite????
C.shy????
D.honest
2.A.athletics????
B.music????
C.business????
D.money
3.A.right????
B.popular????
C.lucky????
D.confident
4.A.how????
B.why????
C.when????
D.whether
5.A.accident????
B.matter????
C.problem????
D.experience
6.A.aim???
B.idea????
C.start????
D.purpose
7.A.keep????
B.end????
C.give????
D.pick
8.A.mad????
B.delighted????
C.frightened????
D.shameful
9.A.living????
B.playing????
C.working????
D.learning
10.A.answers????
B.excuses????
C.words????
D.ways
11.A.sadness????
B.regret????
C.hopelessness????
D.disappointment
12.A.wanting????
B.changing????
C.dreaming????
D.enjoying
13.A.wish????
B.dream????
C.score????
D.desire
14.A.by????
B.for????
C.over????
D.within
15.A.paid????
B.got????
C.offered????
D.presented
第二节
（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
???
In
the
United
States,
over
25
percent
of
senior
citizens
(people
over
65)
live
alone.
Without
friends
and
families
nearby,
seniors
are
at
risk
of
①________(have)
depression
(抑郁).
???
Many
communities
are
trying
to
deal
with
this
problem.
Providence
Mount
St.
Vincent,
a
retirement
home
(养老院)
near
Seattle,
Washington,
has
②________
(recent)
run
a
program.
Over
400
senior
citizens
live
at
Providence
Mount
St.
Vincent,
and
over
40
children
from
a
few
months
old?③________
age
five
go
to
day
care
there.
The
children
spend
the
day
there
with
the
senior
citizens
while
④________
(worker)
look
on.
???
The
program
has
clear
advantages.
For
the
older
people,
their
social
life
improves;
they
read
to
and
play
games
with
the
children,
and
encourage
⑤________
(they)
to
do
other
activities.
This
makes
the
seniors
feel
⑥________
(use)
and
happy,
and
if
they
feel
happy,
their
health
may
improve.
???
The
children
also
get
a
lot
from
the
program.
They
have
⑦________
group
of
patient
people
to
play
with
in
a
safe
environment.
Some
of
the
older
people
⑧________
(be)
disabled,
and
staying
with
them
helps
children
learn
⑨________
(be)
more
understanding
of
people
with
disabilities.
???
Now,
there
are
many
programs
like
the
one
at
Providence
Mount
St.
Vincent.
⑩________
is
believed
that
even
if
the
very
young
and
the
very
old
don't
have
a
shared
past
or
future,
their
shared
present
can
be
perfect.
第三部分
写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节
（满分15分）
假定你是李华,你班打算
于本周六组织一次登山活动,请你给外教David写一封信,邀请他参加此次活动。内容包括:
???
1.?发出邀请;
???
2.
介绍活动内容(集合时间、地点及携带物品
等)和活动益处;
???
3.?期待回复。
注意:
???
1.词数80左右;
???
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节
（满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
???
Tom
was
working
in
a
big
company.
He
had
been
on
the
road
visiting
people
for
more
than
a
month
without
going
home.
He
couldn't
wait
to
get
back
to
see
his
wife
and
children.
It
was
coming
up
on
Mother's
Day,
and
he
usually
tried
to
make
it
"back
home",
but
this
year
he
was
just
too
busy
and
too
tired.
The
day
when
he
was
driving
in
a
small
town,
he
saw
a
flower
shop.
He
said
to
himself,
"I
know
what
I
will
do.
I'll
send
my
mother
some
roses."
???
He
stopped
and
went
into
the
flower
shop
and
saw
a
boy
talking
to
the
girl
in
it.
"How
many
roses
can
I
get
for
five
dollars?"
the
boy
asked.
The
girl
was
trying
to
explain
that
roses
were
expensive.
Maybe
the
boy
would
be
happy
with
something
else.
???
"No.
I
have
to
buy
roses,"
he
said.
"My
mom
was
badly
sick
last
year
and
I
didn't
get
to
spend
much
time
with
her.
I
want
to
get
something
special.
It
has
to
be
red
roses,
because
those
are
her
favorite."
He
was
stubborn.
???
The
girl
in
the
shop
looked
up
at
Tom
and
was
just
shaking
her
head.
Something
inside
of
Tom
was
touched
by
the
boy’s
voice.
He
wanted
to
get
those
roses
so
badly.
Tom
had
been
blessed(幸运的)
in
his
business,
and
he
looked
at
the
girl
and
silently
said
that
he
would
pay
for
the
boy's
roses.
???
The
girl
looked
at
the
boy
and
said,
"OK,
I
will
give
you
a
dozen
red
roses
for
your
dollars."
The
young
man
almost
jumped
into
the
air.
He
took
the
flowers
and
ran
out
of
the
store.
It
was
worth
more
than
fifty
dollars
just
to
see
that
kind
of
excitement.
???
Tom
ordered
his
own
flowers
and
asked
the
girl
to
have
them
delivered
(递送)
to
his
mother.
After
that,
with
relief
he
drove
down
the
road.
Not
long
after
his
driving,
he
saw
the
boy
walking
to
a
graveyard
(墓地).
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph
1
:
???
Tom
stopped
his
car
and
followed
the
boy.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2
:
???
Tom
went
into
the
car
in
tears.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分
阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.BDD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段第四、五句"You
just
follow
some
habits
thin
people
have.
Keep
them,
and
you'll
become
thin."及下文描述可知,本文旨在鼓励读者仿照苗条的人的好习惯来减肥。故B选项正确。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段"Order
a
clear
soup,
and
have
it
before
the
main
food.
In
this
way,
you'll
feel
fuller,
so
you'll
eat
less
when
the
main
food
comes."可知,在吃主食前喝汤是减肥的不错的选择。故D选项正确。
3.细节理解题。通读全文可知,文中给出了四种减肥的技巧,包括早起时伸展双腿、饭前先喝汤、每天吃苹果、走着接听手机,故D选项正确。
B
答案：1-4.DBCD
解析：1.细节理解题。由第一段中的"But
being
half
the
size
of
the
other
boys,
he
could
only
sit
on
the
bench
and
hardly
ever
played
in
games."可知,由于他的体形几乎是其他男孩的一半大小,他只能成为板凳球员,很少参加比赛。由此可见,约翰几乎没有机会参加比赛的原因是他的身体条件不好。故D选项正确。
2.词义猜测题。由第二段中的"When
John
went
to
college,
he
decided
to
try
out
for
the
football
team
as
a
'walk-on'."可知,当约翰上大学时,他决定参加足球队的选拔赛,成为一名临时球员。所以判断出第二段中带下划线的短语"make
the
cut"可替换为be
allowed
to
join
the
team。故B选项正确。
3.推理判断题。由最后一段中的"'Well,
you
knew
my
dad
died,
but
did
you
know
that
my
dad
was
blind?'"及"'Dad
came
to
all
my
games,
but
today
was
the
first
time
he
could
see
me
play'"可知,约翰的父亲去世了,他的父亲是个盲人,生前去“看”了他所有的比赛,今天是他第一次“看到”约翰上场踢足球,约翰想让父亲知道他能行。故C选项正确。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文讲述了尽管约翰受到身体条件的限制,只是一名板凳球员,但是父亲一直在鼓励着他。上大学之后,他努力争取成为一名临时球员。足球赛季末,家里发来的电报告诉他父亲去世了。但是比赛当天约翰求教练能给予他上场的机会,教练最终同意了。他力挽狂澜,帮助球队获得了胜利,同时向死去的父亲证明自己能行。所以这个故事告诉我们“有志者,事竟成”的道理。故D选项正确。
C
答案：1-4.DADC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句"A
study
in
Switzerland
found
that
teenagers
who
took
part
in
sports
clubs
were
healthier,
including
being
better
socially
adjusted,
feeling
less
anxious,
and
generally
being
happier
about
their
lives."可知瑞士的研究表明,经常参加运动的青少年在身心上都更健康。故选D项。
2.推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,文章前两段讲述了体育运动与建立自尊心之间的关系,后面讲述引导孩子参加体育要注意形式和方法,因此作者总体上对运动对青少年的影响是持积极态度的,故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句"Involvement
in
team
sports
has
been
positively
associated
with
social
acceptance
and
a
sense
of
belonging,
especially
where
such
involvement
is
characterized
by
positive
coaching,
progressive
skill
development,
and
peer
support."可知,当孩子参加体育活动时,如果给予积极的评价和支持,他们会建立自尊心。故选D项。
4.主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是第一段首句"A
number
of
studies
show
that
sports
and
other
physical
activities
can
contribute
to
the
development
of
self-esteem(a
feeling
of
pride
in
oneself)"可知,文章论述了体育运动与促进孩子自尊心的发展之间的关系,并提醒大家让孩子参加体育运动要注意形式和方法,切勿把孩子当成小版的成年人那样急功近利地进行培养。所以“体育运动经历与自尊心建立”切合文意。故选C项。
D
答案：1-4.DCAC
解析：1.主旨大意题。根据第一段首句Sport
is
not
only
physically
challenging,
but
it
can
also
be
mentally
challenging.可知,体育运动不仅是对体力的挑战,而且也可以是对心理的挑战。后文讲述来自各方面的批评会给运动员造成压力,甚至可能导致一个人精疲力竭。所以第一段主要讲的是体育运动对心理的挑战。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句The
sport
setting
is
one
where
valuable
experiences
can
take
place...
throughout
their
lives.可知,体育活动能为年轻人提供极其有价值的一生受用的人生经历。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段的前三句内容可知,体育运动不应成为孩子的负担,最重要的不是结果,而是参与的过程。如果过于在乎输赢会导致孩子们不能享受体育运动。因此父母和教练应该使孩子能够享受体育运动,故选A项。
4.推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,第一段讲体育运动不只是对人体力的挑战,也是对人心理的挑战。第二段讲体育运动能为年轻人提供极其有价值的一生受用的经历,但家长和教练的反馈尤其是负面反馈对孩子影响很大。最后一段讲过程比结果更重要,鼓励比批评更能促进提升。因此,作者的写作目的是强调鼓励孩子的重要性。故选C项。
第二节
答案：BEAGF
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太极拳的历史、特点以及练习太极拳对人们的好处。
①上文说"Chinese
martial
arts(武术)
are
all
about
kicking
and
fighting",而空后"It
is
slow,
calm
and
peaceful"则说某种中国武术是缓慢的、平静的、平和的,故空处与上文应是转折关系。B项"But
tai
chi
is
the
other
way
around(但太极恰恰相反)"符合语境,故选B。
②空前的"Although
tai
chi
is
an
ancient
martial
art,
it
is
still
quite
popular
today"表明虽然太极是一种古老的武术,但它现在仍然很受欢迎,空处位于段尾,应承接上文内容。E项"它在一百五十多个国家拥有超过1亿的粉丝"切题,故选E。
③根据下文中的"You
can
practise
it
almost
anytime
and
anywhere
without
equipment"可知,人们在没有设备的情况下几乎可以随时随地练习太极拳,同时结合空前内容可知,A项"这意味着很多人都能做到"切题,故选A。
④空后的"You
can
control
them
better.
Slow
movements
also
allow
you
to
take
deep,
long
breaths.
This
is
good
for
your
bodies"说明太极拳缓慢的动作对身体有好处。空处位于段首,总领并引出下文。G项中的"slow
movements"对应下文中的Slow
movements,空后的them指的就是"your
hands
and
feet",故选G项"在缓慢的动作中,你可以将注意力集中在你的手和脚上"。
⑤根据空前的"But
the
benefits
of
tai
chi
go
beyond
the
physical
side"以及空后的"Tai
chi
has
taught
them
the
value
of
living
more
slowly"可知,太极拳不仅是一项运动,它还教会人们放慢生活节奏,F项承上启下,符合语境。
第二部分
语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.AACAD;
6-10.CCABC;
11-15.DABDC
解析：1.由上文"plenty
of
love
and
attention"可以看出作者的生活是幸福的。happy快乐的;polite有礼貌的;shy害羞的;honest诚实的。故选A。
2.由下文打棒球的介绍可知,作者的梦想是体育运动。athletics体育运动;music音乐;business生意;money钱。故选A。
3.由下文可知,没有这位教练,作者就不能实现梦想,据此可以判断,作者认为自己是幸运的。right正确的;popular受欢迎的;lucky幸运的;confident自信的。故选C。
4.教练不但信任“我”,还教“我”怎么信任自己。how怎么,如何,故A项正确。
5.根据下文讲述的事情可知,该处指与这位教练的一次特殊的经历。accident事故;matter事情;problem问题;experience经历。故选D。
6.根据语境可知,买房子要花许多钱,需要一段时间的积蓄。作者想把这次暑假打工作为积蓄的开始。aim目标;idea主意;start开始;purpose目的。故选C。
7.根据该句中and
that
meant
I
would
have
to
tell
John
I
wouldn't
be
playing可知,“我”不得不告诉John“我”不再参加训练了,据此可以判断,此处指“我”不得不放弃夏季训练。keep
up跟上;end
up最后处于;give
up放弃;pick
up捡起。故选C。
8.根据语境可知,教练对他要放弃夏季棒球训练感到生气。mad生气的;delighted高兴的;frightened感到害怕的;shameful可耻的。故选A。
9.根据语境可知,该句意为:你打棒球的时间是有限的。live居住;play玩,打球;work工作;learn学习。故选B。
10.此处指“我”要想一些话来向他解释。answer回答;excuse借口;word话语;way方法。故选C。
11.根据语境可知,作者认为因挣钱而面对教练对他的失望是值得的。sadness悲伤;regret遗憾;hopelessness绝望;disappointment失望。故选D。
12.根据该句中something
right
now可知,此处指现在想要得到的东西和追求梦想的区别。want想要;change改变;dream梦想;enjoy享受。故选A。
13.根据语境可知,该处指现在想要得到的东西和追求梦想的区别。wish希望;dream梦想;score分数;desire愿望。故选B。
14.这年内“我”被Pittsburgh
Pirates选中,为这支球队打球。within在(某段时间)之内。故选D。
15.球队给“我”提供了一份2万美元的合同。pay付钱;get得到;offer提供;present提交。故选C。
第二节
答案：having
;
recently
;
to
;
workers;
them
;
useful
;
a
;
are;
to
be;
It
解析：本文是一篇说明文。在美国,因为没有家人在身边,很多老人面临抑郁的危机。为了解决这个问题,华盛顿州建立了养老院,并安排几个月到五岁大的孩子去那里和老人们一起玩,事实证明养老院对老人和孩子都有好处。
①考查动名词。此处作介词of的宾语,应用have的动名词形式,故填having。
②考查副词。副词修饰动词,设空处修饰动词run,故填recently。
③考查固定搭配
from...to...为固定搭配,表示“从……到……”,故填to。
④考查名词的单复数。worker是可数名词,结合语境可知该组织里的员工不止一人,故应用复数形式,故填workers。
⑤考查人称代词。此处作动词encourage的宾语,应填they的宾格形式,故填them。
⑥考查形容词。此处应填形容词作feel的表语,故填useful。
⑦考查冠词。该句意为:在安全的环境里,他们有一群有耐心的人一起玩。a
group
of意为“一群”,故填a。
⑧考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知设空处作谓语动词,本篇陈述一般事实,故用一般现在时,主语Some
of
the
older
people是复数形式,故填are。
⑨考查固定短语。learn
to
do
sth.学习做某事,为固定短语,故填to
be。
⑩考查代词。此处构成“It
is
believed
that...据相信……”句型,其中It是形式主语,that引导主语从句,故填It。
第三部分
写作
第一节
答案：
Dear
David,
???
The
students
in
our
class
are
going
to
go
climbing
this
Saturday.
We
sincerely
invite
you
to
join
us.
???
We
will
gather
together
at
the
school
gate
at
8
a.
m.
Please
bring
along
what
you
need
like
water
and
the
camera.
It
is
expected
that
we
will
come
back
at
2
p.
m.
Of
course
there
are
lots
of
benefits
of
climbing.
First
of
all,
everyone
can
keep
in
shape
as
long
as
he
often
practices.
What's
more,
we
can
feel
relaxed
after
we
finish
tiring
climbing.
???
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours,
Li
Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph
1:
???
Tom
stopped
his
car
and
followed
the
boy.
He
went
up
to
a
small
monument
and
knelt
down.
He
carefully
put
the
flowers
before
it
and
began
to
sob.
"Dear
Mom,
I
love
you.
But
how
I
regret
I
didn't
tell
you
when
you
were
with
me.
I
knew
you
loved
roses,
but
why
didn't
I
send
the
flowers
to
you
when
I
could
still
see
you
and
talk
with
you?
Now,
you
have
gone
to
another
world.
How
I
regret
I
didn't
tell
you
I
love
you
so
much!"
Paragraph
2:
Tom
went
into
the
car
in
tears.
His
mother's
home
wasn't
far
from
here,
but
he
hadn't
seen
her
for
so
long
a
time.
He
didn't
have
a
talk
with
her
and
say
how
much
he
loved
her
for
so
long
a
time.
He
turned
the
car
and
drove
towards
the
road
quickly
to
the
flower
shop.
He
asked
the
girl
to
give
back
the
flowers
because
he
wanted
to
send
them
personally
to
his
mom.