2014届中考英语第二轮语法复习-------代词

课件94张PPT。中考英语语法代词英语的2/3Between两者之间
One…the other…一个…另一个
Both两者都(both sides)
Either两者中任何一个(either side)
Neither (两者中任何一个也不)
Each other彼此Among三者之间
Another另一个
All所有
Each每个---none任何一个都不
Nor所有都不
One another 彼此
1 . Some of you will water the flowers,__ will clean the classroom.
A. other B. the others
C. another D. others
B考点分析:
1. Others =other+ ns. 其他的.
例:would you like other books?
2. The others=the other+ ns. 指两大类中的其中一类.请联系(one…the other理解)
3. Another 三者中的任何一个(无复数)
2 . There are not __ buses in the street.
A. any B. some
C. much D. little
A考点分析:
当表示一些时:Any 用在否定/疑问句
当表示一些时:some用于陈述句. (但是表示征求意见除外)
例: can I borrow some books from you?
3. The question is so difficult that __ students can answer it.
A. a few B. a little
C. few D. little
C考点分析:
few./little; a few/a little的区别
So…that从句.如此…以至于
4 . –Can you give me __ink?
--certainly
A. any B. some
C. much D. many
B考点分析:
讯问用some(详见2题)
5 . She has two brothers.__ of them is a teacher.
A. every B. both
C. neither D. nor
C考点分析:常考题,易错题
没有every of…的用法
Both of them +are (both配复数)
Neither of them+ is两者中一个也没有 (neither配单数)
Either of them +is两者中任何一个(either配单数)
没有nor of…
提问:能用either; each; all; none吗?
6 . __ of them has a new watch.
A. both B. each
C. everyone D. all
B考点分析:
Each of them 三者以上其中任一个
7. Is there __ in today’s newspaper?
A. new anything B. new nothing
C. anything new D. something new
C考点分析:常考题,易错题
Anything 用于否定/疑问句
Something 用于肯定句
对Anything/something…不定代词的修饰后置.
8. Tom’s mother has one new coat and two old __.
A. one B. ones
C. one’s D. them
B考点分析:汤姆的妈妈有一个新外套和两个旧外套
此题较少见.请大家注意
One除了一个之外,还可以表示上面提到的.(请重点记忆)
8A. He lost his pen, I will buy __ for him.
A. one B. it
C. that D. one’s
9 . She danced better than __ other girl in her class.
A. some B. many
C. any D. one
C考点分析:常考题,易错题
请大家背这两个句型
Someone does…better than any other student
Someone does….better than other students.
意思都是:某人做…比班里其他同学好.
10. She speaks English better than __ else in her class.
A. anyone B. each one
C. other D. any other
A考点分析:
Else 其他的
此词常用在不定代词(anyone, someone, nowhere等) 和疑问代词(whoever; whatever…)
11 . ---Have __ piece of bread, please?
---Thank you. I am quite full.
A. other B. another
C. several D. some
B考点分析:常考题,
见到询问别人再来一块/杯…等,就记
would you like another cake/cup…?
12 . –About twenty of the students went abroad.
--Oh, what about __?
A. others B. the others
C. the other D. another
B考点分析:
分两批,一批去国外, 另外一批(符合两类;复数)
13 . They didn’t get as __ information as you did.
A. many B. much
C. more D. worse
B考点分析:同级比较的扩展
As…as…像…一样(中间配原型)
Information信息(不可数)
不要和 as…as sb can 混淆(尽某人全力)
14 . There are trees on __ sides of the river.
A. both B. either
C. each D. every
A考点分析:
Both sides
Both 扩展: both sides (both+ ns) ;both of them (both of+代词)
Either side
提问each 为何错?
15 . As a teacher, I know __.
A. all them B. them all
C. all they D. them of all
B考点分析:死背
Them all (all放于代词后)
作为一个老师,我了解他们所有
16 . There are not __ vegetables in my bowl, but there is __ chicken in it.
A. some; any B. any; some
C. any; any D. some; some
B考点分析:
Any 疑问; some 陈述
17 . __ is very kind of you to help me.
A. This B. That
C. There D. It
D考点分析:常考题,易错题
强调句 it is … for sb to…
It is …to do …
特例: It is kind/nice of you to help me.
There be 句型+n
18 . You two should help__.
A. each other B. to one another
C. that D. this
A考点分析:
Each other彼此
19 . There is a glass of water. Please pass__ to me.
A. it B. one
C. that D. this
A考点分析:
提问: 此题怎么改能用 one?
20. This new book doesn’t belong to __.
A. my B. mine
C. me D. my own
C考点分析:
Sth belong to sb 某物属于某人
Sb要用宾格
21 . Do you think her T-shirt is more beautiful than__?
A. me B. my
C. mine D. I
C考点分析:常考题,易错题
你认为她的T-shirt比我的更漂亮吗?
从翻译中我们可以看出,比较的是衬衫,mine=my shirt所以选C
22 . You always study harder than __. You can do with it better than __ do
A. me, me B. I , me
C. me, I D. I, mine
C考点分析:
第一句缺宾语
第二句缺主语
23 . __ will all go swimming this afternoon.
A. We, you and they B. You, we and they
C. We, they and you D. They, you and we
A考点分析:
复数人称顺序为 “一二三”
单数人称顺序为 “二三一”
24. Smith and Black had a picnic with a couple of friends of __ yesterday.
A. their B. theirs
C. his D. them
B考点分析:
史和布和他们的朋友中的两个昨天去野营.
A couple of friends of theirs= a couple of their friends 死背
翻译:我的学生中的一些会成功,他们中的一个会成为明星
A few of students of mine will be successful, and one of them will be a star
25 . To __ surprise, what__ said is the same as__.
A. my, he, our B. me, his, ours
C. my, he, ours D. me, him, our
C考点分析:
出乎我的意料,他所说的和我们所说的一样
To one’s surprise. ---见到词组中的one’s ,都要用定语类人称词.
What he said 是主语从句,此从句缺主语,所以填he
26. A friend of __ came to our school and gave a talk.
A. my B. his
C. her D. your
B考点分析:
详见24题.
I—mine; we—ours; you—yours; he—his; she—hers; it—its; they—theirs
27. Everyone should care for__ own health.
A. his B. her
C. theirs D. its
A考点分析:
每个人都应在乎他自己的身体.
Everyone单数,---决定其后a/b/d
Everyone ---搭配his ;
28. “Help __ to some chicken.” said the host to me.
A. yourself B. you
C. yours D. yourselves
A考点分析:
Help yourself请自便
29 . The kid can dress__ when he gets up.
A. him B. his
C. He D. himself
D考点分析:
Sb be dressed in+服装= sb wear 服装
Sb dress oneself 某人自己穿衣服
30. Someone is behind the tree, __?
A. what is it B. who is it
C. who are you D. which one is it
B考点分析:
当不清楚性别时, 某人用 “who is it?” 而不说who are you?
打电话/应门类中的 “你是谁”.– who is that? 不要混淆.
31 . I think __ easy to help you with your Chinese
A. it B. one
C. that D. this
A考点分析:常考题,易错题
I think it easy to do…单句,(有点类似强调句)
I think that it is easy for me to do…复句(划线部分是强调句)
I think it easy to help you.我认为帮你很容易
I think that it is easy for me to help you.
32. The price of a bike is higher than __ of a watch.
A. it B. price
C. any D. that
D考点分析:
这个车的价格比那个手表(的价格)高.
That of a watch代替了 the price of a watch,避免重复
It of a watch是错误的, 没有 it of…的用法
33 . This is Jane speaking. Who’s __?
A. you B. that
C. he D. it
B考点分析:
电话用语, 你是谁---who is that?
不确定性别的某人; 有个人,是谁?--- who is it?
详见30题
34. I have never met__ a person.
A. such B. that
C. this D. it
A考点分析:
我从未见过如此的一个人.
提问:能用so吗?
人称代词归类I ---- me--- my---- mine---myself
We—us----our--- ours--- ourselves
You—you---your--- yours---yourself/ yourselves
He --- him---his--- his--- himself
She –her ---her--- hers -- herself
It --- it--- its--- its--- itself
They–them-their— theirs– themselves 不定代词Someone
Some place/time/body/one/thing
Any
Every
No
Someplace new
Someplace else new
One…the other…一个…另一个---another:
前提:
单数
二/三
I have two pens, one is mine, the other is hers
I have 3 pens, one is mine, one is hers, another is hersOthers=other+ns前提:多方
有很多人打架,一些人在围观,其他人在帮忙
有两帮人在打架,一帮在跑,一帮在砍
Many men are fighting. Some are watching. Other men are helping
Some=some men
Others=other men
Ones…the others----others【考点直击】
1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法；
2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法；
3.反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法；
4.常见不定代词的一般用法；
5. 指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法；
6. 相互代词的基本用法；
7. 疑问代词的基本用法。
8. 关系代词的基本用法。
【名师点睛】
　 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。 代 词一、1. 定义：代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、不定式、V-ing形式、从句或句子的词。
2. 分类：大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。
二、 人称代词　1. 概念与形式 ：人称代词是表示“我(们)”、“你(们)”、“他、她(们)”、“它(们)”的词。人称代词不仅可以指认，也可指物，有人称、数和格的变化。
数格人 称2. 功能：人称代词有主格和宾格之分。主格形式在句中作主语、表语等成分，宾格形式在句中作动词宾语、介词宾语、同位语等，有时也作表语。如：
I like table tennis.
Do you know him?
---Who is knocking at the door?
---It’s I/me.
注：人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：
He is older than me.
He is older than I am.
Miss Lin taughter her an English song.I主格, 作主语him宾格, 作宾语I/me作表语,在口语中作表语常用代词宾格her宾格, 作动词的宾语Don’t worry about me! I can look after it well.
We, us three will be able to finish the work.
3. 用法：
it的用法：A: 人称代词it的用法
it作人称代词代替人或事物。it一般指人以外的一切生物或事物, 有时也指婴儿或不知性别的人。me,it是宾格, 作介词的about、after的宾语us是宾格, 作we的同位语I have a lovely cat. I like it very much.
English is very useful. It is my favorite subject.
The baby is crying. It might be hungry.
Someone is ringing. Who might it be?it指动物it指事物it指婴儿it指不知性别的人B: 非人称代词it的用法
it用作无人称的主语，不指物，而指时间、天气、季节、距离、温度或事物的状态。It还可以指代上文提到的事情，还可指代短语或句子。
It is about five kilometers from here.
It’s 9:00pm. I must go.
How windy it is today!
Professor Lee gave us a lecture yesterday. It was interesting.
it指距离it指时间it指天气C: 指示代词it的用法
用于“it is/was+表语”的结构
--- Who is there downstairs?
--- It’s the postman.
--- Who is there talking?
--- It’s your father.
指代this或that
What’s that on the desk? I guess it might be robot.
This is your plan,isn’t it?D: 形式代词it的用法
形式代词可代替句子中的不定式、V-ing形式、从句等，作形式主语、形式宾语等,it无意义。
it作形式主语
①代替不定式即用于“It’s + adj + to do sth”句型中。
It’s very nice of you to help me.
②代替V-ing形式
It’s great fun climbing mountains.常用it代替V-ing形式的结构
It is no use doing sth. 做……没用
It is not any use doing sth. 做……没用
It is no good doing sth. 做……没好处
It is not any good doing sth. 做……没好处
It is no need doing sth. 做……没必要
It is fun doing sth. 做……有趣
③代替that从句
It is a fact that population is still increasing.
It turns out that we’re going to have another busy day.
常用it代替that从句的结构
It is a good thing that… ……是好事情
It is a good news that… ……是好消息
It is obvious that… ……很明显
It is necessary that… 有必要……
It is important that… 很重要……
It is strange that… ……很奇怪
It is surprising that… ……令人惊讶
It is likely/possible that… 很可能……
It is well-known that… 众所周知……
It is said that…… 据说……
It is reported that…… 据报道……
It is recorded that…… 据记载……
It is suggested that…… 有人提议……
It is ordered that…… 根据命令……
It turns out that…… 结果是……
It should be noted that… 应注意……
It has been proved that… 已证明……
It has worked out that… 结果是……
It seems/appears that… 好像……
It happened that… 碰巧……
it作形式宾语
I find it hard to learn maths.
I believe it no use reading without understanding.
常用it作形式宾语的动词
believe guess suppose think feel find discover notice make
E: 常用固定句型
It is/has been+时间+since…
此句型表示“从……以来有……”, since后常用一般过去时。
It is/has been years since we parted in the college.
It’s time to do sth/for sth …
到了该做某事的时间了…
It’s time to go to school/for school.多个人称代词并列时,顺序为:
单数:二,三,一(you,he/she(him/her) and I(me))
复数:一,二,三(we(us), you(you) and they(them))
如果男女并列时，应先男后女，如：He and she …如果在表示不好意思，承担责任时，单数时用，I, he, she, you, 复数时用they, you, we.
注:若把错误责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)例如：
She and I have been to Beijing.
Who broke the window? I and Mike.
You,he,and I are of the same age.
I, he and you have to pay for it.
We,you and they should return on time.
三、物主代词　1. 概念与形式 ：表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。
2. 作用和用法：形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如：　 Our teacher is coming to see us.　 This is her pencil-box.
名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。Our school is here, and theirs is there.（theirs相当于their school,作主语）
--- Is this English-book yours? --- No. Mine is in my bag.（yours相当于your English-book,作表语;mine相当于my English-book,作主语 ）I‘ve already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （yours相当于your homework,作宾语）
名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词，名词是单数，名词性物主代词为单数，反之为复数。
特定人的不特定的所有关系
双重所有格带有’s所有格的名词，必须是一个明确限定的指人的名词，同时of前面的名词必须不确指。
a cousin of my father’s 我父亲的一个堂兄(弟)
several friends of mine 我的几个朋友
物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which等词一起前置，修饰一个名词，而必须用双重所有格。公式为：a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词。如： a friend of mine.　　　each brother of his.a friend of hers/his/theirs/ours = one of his friends 她(他、他们、我们)的一个朋友
the watch of hers= one of her watches
四、指示代词1. 概念与形式 ：用来指代或标记人或事物的代词。表示“那个”、“这个”、“那些”、“这些”包括：this，that，these，those。
2. 作用和用法：A: this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人; that和those
则指时间或空间上较远的事物或人。例如：This is a pen and that is a pencil．We are busy these days．In those days the workers had a hard time． B: 有时that和those代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复。 that代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词。those 代替复数名词。this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物。例如：I had a cold. That’s why I didn’t come. What I want to say is this:pronunciation is very important in learning English．
Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai．
C: this在电话用语中代表自己, that 则代表对方。例如：
Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?五、反身代词 1. 概念与形式 ：表示“我(们)自己”，“你(们)自己”，“他(她、它)(们)自己”的代词称为反身代词也叫自身代词。2. 作用和用法：反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。
A: 作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。有些动词需有反身代词absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behaveWe enjoyed ourselves very much last night.　　　 Please help yourself to some fish.　 He called himself a writer．
注: 有些动词后不跟反身代词, get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。Please sit down.在不强调的情况下，but, except, for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可。
如：No one but myself (me) is hurt.注意: 　a. 反身代词本身不能单独作主语。　　　(错) Myself drove the car.　　　(对) I myself drove the car. 我自己开车。　b. 但在and, or, nor连接的并列主语中，第二个主语可用反身代词，特别是myself 作主语。　　　Charles and myself saw it.
B: 作表语。It doesn‘t matter. I’ll be myself soon．The girl in the news is myself． C: 作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。I myself washed the clothes．（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主语同位语）You should ask the teacher himself．（作宾语同位语）
D: 反身代词常和for,of,in,by等介词搭配，构成固定短语。
for oneself 亲自 of oneself 自动
in oneself 本身固有 by oneself 独自
Think for yourself and you’ll get the answer.
The computer can shut off of itself.
You shouldn’t leave the child by himself at home.六、 不定代词1. 概念与形式：不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，不定代词除every 和no外不定代词既可用作名词，也可用作形容词。every和no在句中只能作定语。且不定代词没有主格、宾格之分，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
I have no idea about it.二三问题二
both,
between,
either,
neither,
one…the other;三
All
Among
Each
None
Anotherother一: other+ns= others
从词性上说, other （形容词，代词)
Some…others
二：One…the other…----ones…the others
三: another 有复数吗？ 三单
当任何表示意愿类时，只用another
Can/ may/
Would you like
Would you mind
Would you please do
How about/ what about doing?
Why not …
Let us
扩展复数 another two= two more不定代词不定代词后置修饰
不定代词的其他 someone else
不定代词表其他时的修饰
例其他的某人陌生人
Someone else strange
1. some与any的区别1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。
Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library.
Some rice in the bag has been sold out.
2）any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。
If you have any questions, please ask me.
There isn't any orange in the bottle.
Have you got any tea?3）any和some也可以作代词用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。
How many people can you see in the picture?
I can't see any.
If you have no money, I'll lend you some.
注意：与some, any结合的词如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别 1）用作形容词：
含义 用法 I'm going to buy a few apples.
He can speak only a little Chinese.
There is only a little milk in the glass.
He has few friends.
They had little money with them.
2）a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。
I'm a little hungry. (修饰形容词hungry)
Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词sleep)
Mary, go a little faster, please. (修饰副词比较级)
She slept very little last night.3. other, the other, another, others, the others的区别。 1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。
Where are his other books?
I haven't any other books except this one.
2）other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ..., the other ...”句型。
He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.
She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other.3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ...., others ...”句型。
Some went to the cinema, others went swimming.
This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.
4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。
We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'clock.
In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.
5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one.
You can see another ship in the sea, can't you?
Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one?
6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。
I'm still hungry after I've had this cake. Please give me another.4. every与each的区别。 The teacher gave a toy to each child.
Each ball has a different colour.
当我们说each child, each student或each teacher时，我们想到的是一个人的情况。而当我们说every child和every student时，我们想到的是全体的情况，every的意思与all接近，表示他们都如此。
Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher.
Every child likes playing. = All children like playing.5. all和both的用法 1）all指三者以上，或不可数的东西。谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用作复数。在句中作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。all of/both of后为名词时, of可省略, 但为宾格代词时不可省略。
All of us like Mr Pope. (作主语)
= We all like Mr Pope. (作同位语)
That's all for today. (作表语)
Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作宾语)
All the leaders are here. (作定语)
All(of) the people here love peace.all 的主谓一致：all的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定指事物的整体或抽象概念时当做单数，指人时当做复数。　All goes well.　 一切进展得很好。　all 通常不与可数名词单数连用，如：不说 all the book，而说 the whole book。 　但all可与表时间的可数名词单数连用，如 all day，all night，all the year； 但习惯上不说 all hour，all century。　all还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用，如 all China，all the city，all my life，all the way 2）both作代词。
①与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都”。
Lucy and Lily both agree with us.
They both passed on their sticks at the same time.
How are your parents? They're both fine.
②与“of +代词（或名词）”连用，表示“两者都”。
Both of them came to see Mary.
Both of the books are very interesting.③单独使用，表示“两者（都）”。
Michael has two sons. Both are clever.
I don't know which book is the better, I shall read both.
3）both用作形容词，放在名词之前，修饰该名词，表示“两者都”。
Both his younger sisters are our classmates.
There are tall trees on both sides of the street.6. neither　两者都不　 a.neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数。　 b. 作定语与单数名词连用，但neither… nor 用作并列连词，可与复数名词连用。其谓语采用就近原则。 c.可用于下列句型，避免重复。　She can't sing，neither (can) he.
neither 与nor 　 d.如前句是否定式从句，则主句用neither，而不用 nor。　If you don't do it，neither should I.　如果你不干，我也不干。　 e. 如后连续有几个否定句式，则用nor，不用neither。　He can't sing，nor dance，nor skate.7. none, few, some, any, one, ones?none 无　 1) none作主语，多与of 构成短语 none of。 在答语中，none可单独使用。　　　　　　 　 Are there any pictures on the wall?　None.　 2) none作主语，谓语动词单复数均可。但如做表语，则其单复数与表语一致。　 It is none of your business.　 few 一些，少数 　　few 作主语时，谓语动词用复数，多用于肯定句。8. some 一些　1) 可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。　 2) 当做"某一"解时，也可与单数名词连用。（= a certain）　You will be sorry for this some day.　总有一天，你会后悔这件事的。A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule. 某些人不同意你的看法。注意：　　(1)在肯定疑问句中用some代替any。　　(2)some用于其他句式中: a.肯定疑问句中：说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答时。　Would you like句式中，表委婉请求或建议，如：　Would you like some coffee?b. 在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时，如：　If you need some help，let me know.c. some位于主语部分,　Some students haven't been there before
d. 当否定的是整体中的部分时，some可用于否定句。如：I haven‘t heard from some of my old friends these years. 这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信。
9. any 一些1) any 多用于否定句和疑问句和条件状语从句中。　当句中含有任何的意思时，any可用于肯定句。　Here are three novels. You may read any.　这有三本小说，你可任读一本。
10. one, ones 为复数形式?ones必须和形容词连用。如果替代的名词时无形容词在前，则用some, any，而不 用ones。Have you bought any rulers?　Yes，I 've bought some.
11.代词比较辩异 one，that 和it?
one表示泛指，that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it 与所指名词为同一个。I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one. (不定)我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.　(同类但不同个) 你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it.　( 同一物) 我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。
12.one/another/the other
? 　one… the other　只有两个　　　　　　　　　some… the others　 有三个以上　one… another，another…　some… others，others…　others = other people/things　the others = the rest　剩余的全部　　1) 泛指另一个用another。 　2) 一定范围内两人(物)，一个用one，另一个用the other。　3) 一定范围内三者，一个用one，另一个用one (another)，第三个可用the other，a third.4) 一定范围内，除去一部分人/物，剩余的全部用the others。
5) 泛指别的人或物时，用others当在一定范围内，除去一部分后，剩余部分但不是全部时，也用others。七、相互代词 表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词。相互代词有each other 和one another两种形 式。在当代英语中，each other和one another没有什么区别。相互代词可在句中作宾语，定语。作定语用时，相互代词用所有格形式。　 We should learn from each other / one another. （作宾语）　 Do you often write to each other / one another? （作宾语）　 We often borrow each other's / one another's books. （作定语）　 The students corrected each other's / one another's mistakes in their homework.
（作定语）八、疑问代词 疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑
问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：
Who is going to come here tomorrow? （作主语）
What is that? (作表语)
Whose umbrella is this? (作定语)
Whom are you waiting for? (作宾语)九、关系代词关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语. 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如：
I hate people who talk much but do little.
I’m looking at the photograph which you sent me with your letter.
With the money that he had saved, he went on with his studies.
Do you know the lady who is interviewing our headmaster?【实例解析】
1. (2004年北京市中考试题)
Mary, please show ________ your picture.
A. my B. mine C. I D. me
答案：D。该提考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。在本题中，动词show的后面要跟双宾语，空白处缺少一个间接宾语，所以应选me。
2. (2004年北京市中考试题)
---What’s on TV tonight? Is there _________ interesting?
---I’m afraid not.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
答案：B。该提考查的是不定代词的用法。这是一个疑问句。在疑问句中，通常用anything。3. (2004年上海徐汇区中考试题)
________ of them has his own opinion.
A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each
答案：D。该题考查的是不定代词用法。因为谓语动词是单数形式，所以Both和Some都不对。Every 不能作主语，所以只有Each合适。
4. (2004年安徽省中考试题)
---Where is my pen?
---Oh, sorry. I have taken _______ by mistake.
A. yours B. his C. mine D. hers
答案：A。该题考查的是物主代词的用法。根据题干的背景，我们可以判断出错拿的钢笔应该是对方的，所以选yours。【中考演练】
一. 单项填空
1. Tom, Please pass ________ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers.
A. you B. me C. him D. her
2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are ______ new words in it.
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
3. ---You want ________ sandwich?
---Yes, I usually eat a lot when I’m hungry.
A. other B. another C. others D. the other
4. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _______.
A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs5. ---Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk?
---______________, thanks. I’d like a cup of tea.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None
6. ---Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.
---Never mind. You can have ________.
A. us B. ours C. you D. yours
7. ---Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning?
---_______ is OK. I’m free today and tomorrow.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None
8. ---How are you going to improve _______ this term?
---Work harder than last term.
A. ourselves B. myself C. himself D. yourself9. ---Could you tell me _______ she is looking for?
---Her cousin, Susan.
A. that B. whose C. who D. which
10. ---Is _______ here?
---No. Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave.
A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody
11. Paul has _______ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.
A. many B. some C. few D. more
12. If you want to book a round-trip ticket, you’ll have to pay ______ $ 30.
A. more B. other C. the other D. another13. ---Do you live by yourself, Mr Wang?
---Yes. I have two sons. But ______ of them lives with me. They are now studying in America?
A. neither B. both C. none D. either
14. ---Have you sent your parents an E-mail telling them you arrived safe?
---No. _______ of them can use a computer.
A. None B. Both C. Neither D. All
15. Who taught _______ English last term? Was _____ Mr. Smith?
A. you; it B. you; he C. your; it D. your; that
16. ---That woman has a bag in her right hand. What’s in her _____ hand?
A. another B. other C. one D. the other17. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _______.
A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves
18. ---Is there a bus to the zoo?
---I’m afraid there’s _______ bus to the zoo.
A. no B. any C. some D. none
19. You forgot your dictionary? You may have _______.
A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
20. This is ______ classroom. Where is _______?
A. our; them B. us; they C. our; theirs D. ours; theirs二. 用所给代词的适当形式填空
1. This is not my pencil-box. _______ ( I ) is in the bag.
2. Trees are planted in ______ ( we ) country every year, which makes our country more and more beautiful.
3. ---Is that bike Miss Gao’s?
---Yes, it is ______(she) . Beautiful, isn’t it?
4. Help ______ (you) to some fruit, Jack.
5. ---Who taught your brother to surf?
---Nobody. He learnt all by _______ (he).6. Their English teacher is from America, but ______ (we) is from England.
7. Mary’s answer is different from ________ ( I ).
8. ---My watch keeps good time. What about _______(you)?
---Mine? Oh, two minutes slow.
9. Sam is my brother. Do you like to play with ______ (he)?
10. Did you enjoy _______ (you), Mary and Kate?三. 用适当的代词填空
1. The old man has two sons. One is a worker, _______ is a teacher.
2. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running; some like swimming; _______ like ball games.
3. Let’s go and have a drink. We’ve got _______ time before the train leaves.
4. We were all very tired, but _______ of us would like to have a rest.
5. ______ of the twins are in our class.6. Boys, don’t touch the machines, or you may hurt _______.
7. It is said there is going to be ________ important in the CCTV news.
8. We couldn’t buy anything because _______ of the shops opened at that time.
9. They didn’t learn _______ new in this lesson.
10. ---Why is ______ easy for such a young girl to learn three foreign languages so well?
---Because Britain, Germany and France are all very near ______ country.四. 用适当的疑问代词和关系代词填空
1. ______ is the population of the world today?
2. _______ jumped the longest of all in the long jump?
3. --- _______ colour is your mother’s dress?
---It’s black.
4. ---______ is your car?
---The red one in front of the tree.
5. ---______ of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle?
---I know, sir. It’s instruction.6. The necklace ______ she is wearing is beautiful.
7. Do you know the person _______ lost his bike?
8. Most people _______ live in less developed countries are quite poor.
9. The boy ______ is helping the old man is John’s brother.
10. People ______ use credit cards to buy things online should be very careful【练习答案】
一. 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.C 18.A 19.C 20.C
二.1.Mine 2.our 3.hers 4.yourself 5.himself 6.ours 7.mine 8.yours 9.him 10.yourselves
三. 1..the other 2.others 3.a little 4. none 5.Both 6.yourselves 7.something 8.none 9.anything 10.it; her
四. 1. What 2. Who 3. What 4. Which 5. Which 6. that/ which 7. that/ who 8. who/that 9. who/ that 10. who/ that