(共31张PPT)
第五课时 代 词
第二章
考点突破
考点1 代词的定义与分类
代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、相互代词、疑问代词和关系代词。
考点2 人称代词
1.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。
eg:I like table tennis.It is very interesting.
我喜欢乒乓球。它很有趣。
Do you know him?你认识他吗?
2.人称代词还可作表语,作表语时多用宾格。
eg:—Who is knocking at the door?
谁在敲门?
—It’s me.是我。
3.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
eg:He is older than me.=He is older than I.
他比我年龄大。
( D )①Mary is my new friend. is from the UK.
A.Her B.He C.His D.She
( B )②—Is this white car your mother’s?
—No,it belongs to .
A.I B.me C.my D.mine
D
B
考点3 物主代词
1.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。
eg:Our teacher is coming to see us.
我们的老师将过来看望我们。
Our school is here,and theirs is there.
我们的学校在这儿,他们的学校在那儿。
2.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。
eg:This is his computer.=This computer is his.这是他的电脑。
( A )①—Where is my pen?
—Oh,sorry.I have taken by mistake.
A.yours B.his C.mine D.hers
A
( B )②Mom,I’m old enough to wash own clothes and .You can have a rest after work.
A.my;your B.my;yours
C.your;my D.yours;mine
B
考点4 指示代词
1.this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that和those则用来指在时间或空间上较远的事物或人。
eg:This is a pen and that is a pencil.
这是一支钢笔,那是一支铅笔。
In those days the workers had a hard time.在那些日子里工人们过得很艰辛。
2.有时为了避免重复,常用that或those代替前面提到的名词,常用于比较结构中。
eg:Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.
北京制造的电视机和上海制造的一样好。
3.this 在电话用语中代表自己,that 则代表对方。
eg:Hello!This is Mary.Is that Jack speaking?
你好!我是Mary。你是Jack吗?
4.that还可以用于引导多种从句,如主语从句、宾语从句、状语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和定语从句等。
eg:He was so ill that he couldn’t go to school today.
他病得很厉害,今天无法上学。
( D )①The pears in my basket are smaller than in her basket.
A.it B.that C.ones D.those
( C )②Salaries are higher here than in mycountry.
A.its B.ones C.those D.these
D
C
考点5 反身代词
英语中用来表示“我自己”“你自己”“他自己”“我们自己”“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词。反身代词可以在句中作宾语、表语和同位语。
1.作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人。
eg:He called himself a writer.
他称自己为作家。
2.作表语。
eg:The girl in the news is myself.
新闻中的那个女孩就是我自己。
3.作主语或宾语的同位语,表示亲自或本人。
eg:I myself washed the clothes.=I washed
theclothes myself.我自己洗的衣服。
①(2020·兰州一诊)They toured the city by themselves (they) instead of traveling with a guide.
themselves
( C )②—Who taught French?
—Nobody.She learnt all by .
A.herself;her B.she;herself
C.her;herself D.her;she
C
考点6 不定代词
没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。不定代词在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下:
1.some与any
(1)some多用于肯定句中,意为“一些;几个”,后面可以接不可数名词或可数名词复数。some也可用于表示委婉地请求的句子中。
eg:Look!Some of the students are cleaning the library.
看!一些学生在打扫图书馆。
Could I have some bread?
我能吃些面包吗?
(2)any多用于疑问句、条件状语从句和否定句中,意为“一些;任何”,后面可以接不可数名词或可数名词复数。
eg:If you have any questions,please ask me.如果你有任何问题,请问我。
2.辨析few,a few,little与a little
(1)few表示否定,用于可数名词前,表示“不多,很少”。
eg:He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。
(2)a few表示肯定,用于可数名词前,表示“一些,几个”。
eg:I’m going to buy afew apples.
我打算去买一些苹果。
(3)little表示否定,用于不可数名词前,表示“不多的”。
eg:They had little money.他们几乎没有钱。
(4)a little表示肯定,用于不可数名词前,表示“少量的,一些”。
eg:He can speak only a little Chinese.
他只会讲一点儿中文。
3.辨析other,others,the other,the others与another(见本书课本再现第七课时考点聚焦考点1)
( C ) ①He has two sons.One is working in Beijing,and is in Shanghai.
A.the other B.another
C.others D.the others
A
( C )②—Could we see each other at 9 tomorrow morning?
—Sorry,let’s make it time.
A.others B.the other
C.another D.other
C
4.辨析all与both
(1)all指三者或三者以上,可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。在句中作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。
eg:All the water has been used up.
所有的水都用完了。
(2)both表示“两者都”,可以与名词、代词连用,也可以和动词连用,在句中作主语、宾语和同位语,也可作定语。
eg:Lucy and Lily both agree with us.
Lucy和Lily都同意我们的说法。
考点7 相互代词
表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词。相互代词有each other 和one another两种形式。在英语中,each other和one another没有什么区别。
eg:We should learn from each other/one
another.我们应当互相学习。
考点8 疑问代词
疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中,一般都放在句首,并在句子中作某一句子成分。
eg:Who is going to come here tomorrow?
明天谁将来这儿?
( A )①— does Clark look like?
—He is tall with brown hair.
A.What B.How C.Who D.Whose
A
( B )②— is the weather like?
—It’s sunny and bright.
A.When B.What C.How D.Where
B
考点9 关系代词
关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有who,whose,whom,that,which等。它们在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语和定语。
eg:I hate people who talk much but do little.
我讨厌说得多而做得少的人。
( B )①I am a football fan.I’m interested in everything is about the World Cup.
A.who B.that C.where D.what
B
( B )②I like writers stories are excellent.
A.which B.whose
C.whom D.who
B
备考演练
一、单项选择
( B )1.(2020·兰州) love to eat popcorn while watching their favorite TV programs.
A.She B.They C.You D.I
( D )2.(2020·白银)There’s wrong with
theengine—it’s making strange noises.
A.nothing B.anything
C.everything D.something
B
D
( C )3.(2022·定西二模)—What’s wrong with my son,doctor?
— serious.Just a slight cold.
A.Something B.Anything
C.Nothing D.Everything
( B )4.(2020·上海)Randy wrote two novels. of them were made into films.I’ve seen them.
A.None B.Both C.All D.Neither
C
B
( A )5.(2020·齐齐哈尔)—It’s raining outside.I forgotto bring umbrella.
—I’ve got one.You can use .
A.my;mine B.me;mine
C.my;my
( A )6.(2018·兰州一模)Do you know the tall andthin girl is talking with Ms.Brown?
A.who B.whose C.which D.whom
A
A
( B )7.(2022·庆阳模拟)—Are these books ?
—No,they are not mine.They belong to .
A.your;her B.yours;her
C.you;hers D.yours;she
( A )8.(2022·庆阳模拟)Zhongshan Bridge in Lanzhou is the famous place we’ll visit next week.
A.that B.who C.where D.whom
( C )9.(2022·天水麦积区模拟) is not polite to talk with your mouth full.
A.That B.He C.It D.This
B
A
C
( A )10.(2022·贺州)There are two apples on the table.One is red and is green.
A.theother B.another
C.others D.the others
A
二、词汇运用与句子运用
1.(2021·兰州B卷)Xiaoming,can you come to my (I) birthday party?
2.(2019·兰州改编)Tom and Jerry have a lot in common. Their (they) favorite sport is basketball.
3.(2018·天水改编)Her ways of learning English are similar to mine (I).
4.(2022·兰州一诊)“Kids,do you know how to protect yourselves (you)when an earthquake happens?”asked Grandpa.
5.(2022·庆阳模拟)Danny Bowman is crazy about taking photos of himself (he).
6.(2022·云南改编)Wearing masks(口罩) in public is a good way to look after ourselves (we) and the people around us.
my
Their
mine
yourselves
himself
ourselves
7.(2021·常德)—Is this Linda’s watch?
—No,it isn’t. Hers (she) is red.Red is her favorite color.
8.(2022·甘肃)Tom goes to school with his best friend every day.(对画线部分提问)
Who does Tom go to school with every day?
9.(2022·甘肃)—Have Tom and Jerry seen this movie before?(补全否定回答)
—No, they haven’t .
Hers
Who
does
they
haven’t