【语法考点夯实】2015年聚焦中考英语（甘肃）语法课件：第24讲　代词和连词（共37张PPT）

课件37张PPT。甘肃省英
语语法考点夯实 　第24讲　代词和连词
代　词【名题实战】
1．Sam and Henry play football very well.We hope ____ of them can join our team.(2014，重庆)
A．all B．both C．every D．some
2．—Excuse me，may I use your bicycle？___ is broken.(2014，南京)
—Certainly.But remember to return it before lunch.
A．I B．Me C．Myself D．Mine
3．—Your English is very good.Who taught you?
—____．I learned it all by myself.(2014，襄阳)
A．Somebody B．Everybody C．Nobody D．Anybody
4．Bob，can you see the boys over there？____ are my cousins.Let's go and say hello to them.(2014，兰州)
A．This B．Those C．That D．These
5．—Susan，go and join your sister in cleaning the yard.
—Why ____？John is sitting there doing nothing at all.(2014，黄冈)
A．I B．me C．myself D．mineBDCBB【考点梳理】
甘肃各地市英语中考中，代词也是考查的重点之一。考生要从以下几方面来进行复习：
1．人称代词和物主代词的用法；
2．it，one(s)，that，those等作替代词的用法；
3．指示代词，疑问代词，反身代词的用法；
4．不定代词的用法。尤其是all，both，either，neither，none，another，the other，some，others，the others等的用法。高频考向一　人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
1．人称代词有人称、数和格的变化；人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语，这一考点成为了考查代词的主要形式之一，并且越来越受到各地的欢迎。具体变化见下表：
注：①人称代词作并列主语时的排列顺序：
单数形式：you and I；you，he and I；
复数形式：we and you；we and they；we，you and they。
但承担责任时总是第一人称在前。
②及物动词和介词之后的人称代词要用宾格，尤其要注意并列宾语。2．表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，有人称和数之分。具体见下表：
形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。如：
My books are on the desk.Where is yours?
我的书在桌子上，你的书在哪里？3．反身代词是人称代词的强调形式，一般用在宾语和主语是同一个人的情况下，或用来强调某人亲自怎样。单数后加-self，复数后加-selves；不定代词one也有反身代词oneself。英语中用来表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我们自己”，“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，有人称和数的变化。反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。
具体变化见下表：
?反身代词的常见搭配：
①enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快
②hurt oneself伤着自己
③teach oneself ＝ learn…by oneself自学
④(all) by oneself (完全)独立地
⑤help oneself to请自便，随便吃……
⑥look after oneself自理，照顾自己
⑦leave one by oneself把……单独留下
⑧lose oneself in陶醉于……，沉浸于……【例1】 Jeff and I are going to Shanghai this weekend.My brother will drive ________ there.(2014，绵阳)
A．it B．you C．us D．them
解析：动词drive后跟人称代词宾格作宾语。由语境可知句意为“我哥哥将带我们去那里”。
答案：____
【例2】 This is _____ school bag.______ is on the desk.(2014，贺州)
A．your；Mine B．yours；Mine
C．my；You D．your；My
解析：第一个空在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词school bag，故用形容词性的物主代词；第二个空在句中作主语，且后面不能接名词，故应用名词性物主代词。
答案：____
【例3】 Peter and Kate went to the dancing party last night.They enjoyed ________.
解析：考查反身代词。由语境可知句意为“他们玩得很高兴”。
答案： .CAthemselves高频考向二　不定代词
1．普通不定代词的用法
①some与any
some和any均表示“一些”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。some一般用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some。
②many与much
many修饰可数名词复数，还可以与表示程度的副词so，too，as，how连用。much修饰不可数名词，也可以与表示程度的副词so，too，as，how连用。
③either与neither
either指两个人或物中的一个；neither指两个人或物中一个也不，常构成固定搭配either/neither of＋名词/代词的复数＋谓语动词(第三人称单数形式)；当either...or...和neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
④both与all
both表示“两者都”，常与and连用；all指“三者或三者以上都”，常与of连用。⑤each与every
each和every都表示“每一个”。each强调个体，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；every强调整体情况；修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外，each可指两个或两个以上的人或物，而every只可指三个或三个以上的人或物。
⑥(a) few与(a) little
(a) few和(a) little具有名词或形容词的性质，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等。(a) few与可数名词复数连用；(a) little与不可数名词连用。few和little表示否定，指“几乎没有”，在反意疑问句中尤其要注意；a few和a little指“有一些”，相当于some。
⑦other，the other，others与another
other作形容词，意为“别的，其他的”，常用在单数或复数名词的前面；the other表示已知两个人或事物中的另外一个，表示特指，常与one连用；others表示泛指，意为“其他的人或物”，常用于some...，others...结构中；the others表示特指，意为“其他的人或物”；another表示三者或三者以上的另外一个。2．复合不定代词的用法
①在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分的主语是指人的复合不定代词，如everybody，nobody，anyone等时，疑问部分的主语通常用代词they；当陈述部分的主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everything，anything，something，nothing等时，疑问部分的主语通常用代词it。
②当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something，everything，everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在这些词的后面。
③everyone的意思等同于everybody，只能指人；every one既可指人也可指物，还可以和of连用。【例4】 —Your tea smells great！(2013，苏州)
—It's from India.Would you like ________？
A．it B．this C．some D．little
解析：根据对话内容可知，是向对方提供喝的东西，并希望得到肯定回答。
答案：____
【例5】 We need to go shopping.There is ________ juice left in the fridge.(2013，鞍山)
A．little B．few C．many D．much
解析：few，many修饰可数名词；little，much修饰不可数名词。果汁为不可数名词，且句意为“冰箱里几乎没有果汁了”，表否定。
答案：____
【例6】I made a call to my parents yesterday，but ________ of them answered it.(2014，泰安)
A．either B．none C．neither D．nobody
解析：由句意“昨天我给父母打电话了，但是他们都没有接”可知，两者都没接。
答案：____CAC【例7】 —It snowed heavily last night.Is everyone in our class here today?
—Yes，and of us was late for school this morning.(2013，襄阳)
A．none B．neither C．all D．either
解析：由句意可知“都来了，没有一个人迟到”，表示三者或三者以上都不。
答案：____
【例8】Look！The clock has stopped.Maybe there's wrong with it.(2014，北京)
A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing
解析：anything一般用于否定句和疑问句中，故排除C；everything一切；nothing没有什么。由句意“看！钟已经停了。可能它有一些毛病”可知，应选something。
答案：____BA【例9】—Is New Zealand a big country?
—No，New Zealand only has two islands.One is North Island，________ is South Island.
A．other B．the other C．another D．others
解析：表示两者中的另外一个，常用one...，the other...结构。
答案：____B高频考向三　指示代词
指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。
①this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指在时间或空间上较远的事物或人。
②有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物。如：
I had a cold.That's why I didn't come.我感冒了。这就是我为什么没来(的原因)。
③有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替。如：
Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.在北京制造的电视机就和在上海制造的(电视机)一样好。
④this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。如：
Hello！This is Mary.Is that Jack speaking？嗨！我是玛丽，你是杰克吗？【例10】 —Hello，is that Betty speaking?
—Yes.________.(2013，锦州)
A．This is Betty B．I'm Betty
C．You are Betty D．That's Betty
解析：电话用语中用this is...表达“我是……”。
答案：____A高频考向四　疑问代词、关系代词
疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。如：
Who is going to come here tomorrow？(作主语)
What is that？(作表语)
Whose umbrella is this？(作定语)
Whom are you waiting for？(作宾语)
疑问代词与关系代词
①疑问代词通常位于句首，引出特殊疑问句。
②关系代词用来引导宾语从句，或定语从句。what不能用在定语从句中充当关系代词，但that可用在定语从句中作关系代词。宾语从句中的关系代词与疑问代词一致。
③无论是疑问代词还是关系代词，which和what所指范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定范围内。如：
Which books do you like best？你最喜欢哪几本书？
What books do you like best？你最喜欢什么样的书？
④whom是who的宾格，在口语中作宾语时，也可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom。如：
Who(m) did you meet on the street？你在街上遇到谁了？
For whom are you waiting？你在等谁？【例11】I really like the photo of my family ________ my sister took in the city park last year.(2014，绍兴)
A．which B．who C．what D．whom
解析：考查定语从句，先行词the photo指物，且在从句中作宾语，故应该用which。
答案：____
【例12】 —________ is that man over there?
—He's my uncle.(2013，南充)
A．What B．Who C．Whose
解析：询问人且在句中作主语。
答案：____AB一、单项选择。
1．Bill thought ____ necessary to work with friends and share different ideas.(2014，兰州)
A．it B．they C．them D．him
2．I think coffee tastes good，but not ____ likes drinking it.(2014，盐城)
A．somebody B．anybody
C．nobody D．everybody
3．You can take ____ of the two toy cars and leave the other for your brother.(2014，安徽)
A．both B．none C．either D．neitherADC4．—Is your friend Michael still in Australia?
—I don't know.I have ____ information about him because we haven't seen each other for ________ years.(2014，随州)
A．a little；a few B．little；a few
C．a few；a little D．few；a little
5．—____ are you going to buy for your father for Father's Day?
—A T-shirt.(2014，德州)
A．What B．When C．Where D．HowBA二、根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。
6．Lucy often learns French by (自己) after school.(2014，黔西南)
7．Although (两者都不) of her parents had gone to college，she was really good at studying.(2014，白银)
8．May I use your mobile phone？ (我的) is at home.(2013，滨州)
9．This shirt doesn't fit me well.Can you show me (另一个) one？(2013，牡丹江)
10．—For (什么) are you going to the School Uniform Exhibition，Amy?
—To learn about different styles of school uniform.herselfneitherMineanotherwhat甘肃省英
语语法考点夯实 　第24讲　代词和连词
连　词【名题实战】
1．—I really enjoy Chinese food！(2014，湖州)
—Me，too.My mouth was watering ____ I watched the TV program A Bite of China.
A．when B．before C．since D．after
2．Your dream will come true ____ you put your heart and soul into it.(2014，泰安)
A．if B．unless C．although D．untilAA3．____ he was very tired，he continued working in his office.(2014，天津)
A．Since B．Although
C．As soon as D．Because
4．Diana isn't here，____ leave a message on her desk.(2014，河北)
A．or B．so C．and D．but
5．You can't improve your spoken English ____ you practice it every day from now on.(2014，襄阳)
A．as soon as B．unless
C．if D．sinceBBB【考点梳理】
甘肃各地市英语中考对连词的考查内容主要是连词的基本用法和一些常见近义连词的辨析，大多数情况下是将连词放在并列句和复合句中。此类题目难度较低，同学们只需记住相应的连词并略加分析即可得出正确答案。高频考向一　并列连词
①表示平行或承接关系的：and，both...and...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...，as well as等；表示转折关系的：but，yet，while，however等；表示选择关系的：or，either...or...，not...but...；表示因果关系的：for，so等。
②both...and...连接主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；neither...nor...，not only...but also...，either...or...连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”；as well as连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。so与because，but与although/though不能同时出现在一个句子中，二者只能选其一；and用于肯定句中，or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。【例1】 The train was late，________ we had to wait for half an hour.(2013，锦州)
A．because B．or C．so D．but
解析：“不得不等半个小时”是“火车晚点”的结果。
答案：____
【例2】Don't run in the classroom，________ you may hurt yourself.(2014，陕西)
A．and B．or C．but D．so
解析：由语境可知句意为“不要在教室里跑，否则你可能会伤到你自己。”
答案：____CB【例3】—How do you like the two pairs of shorts?
—They didn't fit me well.They are ________ too long ________ too short.(2014，滨州)
A．not only；but also B．both；and
C．neither；nor D．either；or
解析：由答句前半句推知后半句句意为“他们不是太长就是太短”。not only...but also不但……而且……；both...and...两者都；neither...nor...既不……也不……；either...or...不是……就是……。
答案：____D高频考向二　从属连词
从属连词是指用于连接各种从句的连词。
?引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)的从属连词有that，whether，if (是否)，as if；连接代词有who，whom，whose，which，what等；连接副词有when，where，how，why等。
?引导状语从句的从属连词
①引导时间状语从句的连词有：when，while，as，until/till，as soon as，before，after等。
特别提示：while与as只能和延续性动词连用；若as soon as引导的时间状语从句中主句用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。
②引导目的状语从句的连词有so，so that，in order that，in case等。③引导原因状语从句的连词有：because，as，for，since等。
④引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that，such...that等，so修饰adj.或adv.。such修饰名词，当名词前面有many，much，few或little修饰时，应用so。
⑤引导让步状语从句的连词有：although，though，however(＝no matter how)，even if/though等。
⑥引导比较状语从句的连词有：as，than，as...as，not so/as...as等。
⑦引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless，as/so long as等。
⑧引导地点状语从句的连词有：where，wherever。【例4】You'd better make a good plan ________ you take a holiday.(2013，莱芜)
A．before B．during C．until D．after
解析：由语境可知句意为“在你度假之前最好制定一个好的计划”。before“在……之前”；during“在……期间”；until“直到……为止”；after“在……之后”。
答案：____
【例5】Talk to your teacher and you will get help ________ you have a problem.(2014，临沂)
A．unless B．if C．until D．so
解析：由语境可知句意为“如果你有问题，就去和你的老师说，你将会获得帮助”。故应用if引导的条件状语从句。
答案：____BA【例6】 —May I go to the movies with you?
—I'm afraid not ________ you have a ticket.Because I have only one.(2014，益阳)
A．if B．unless C．though
解析：由答语后半句“我只有一张票”可推知前句应为“我恐怕你不能，除非你有一张票。”if“如果”；unless“除非”；though“尽管；虽然”。
答案：____
【例7】Her grandfather lives a simple life ________ he has much money.(2014，孝感)
A．because B．so C．though D．if
解析：由前半句“他的爷爷过着简朴的生活”和后半句“他有很多钱”可知，前后在语意上存在转折关系，故此处应用though引导的让步状语从句。
答案：____
【例8】Tony never spends money on buying books ________ he doesn't like reading.(2013，贺州)
A．but B．because C．though D．until
解析：but“但是”；because“因为”；though“尽管，虽然”；until“直到”。由前半句的意思可知，后半句是原因。
答案：____BCB一、单项选择。
1．The thing that matters is not whether you fail or not，____ whether you try or not.(2013，兰州)
A．and B．or C．so D．but
2．It was raining heavily，____ we decided to stay at home and watch TV.(2014，天津)
A．but B．or C．because D．so
3．Laura opened the door and rushed into the rain ____ I could stop her.(2014，济宁)
A．until B．after C．before D．unless
4．____ jeans were invented over 100 years ago，they're in fashion today.(2014，江西)
A．Because B．If C．Although D．Since
5．—I can hardly believe my eyes.Is that you，Lucy?
—Yes.It has been almost 20 years ___ we were together.(2014，黄冈)
A．since B．before C．after D．untilDDCCC6．—Will you please give this message to Helen?
—Sure.I'll give it to her ____ she arrives here.(2014，赤峰)
A．until B．although C．before D．as soon as
7．—Shall we go for a picnic in the forest park tomorrow?
—Yes，____ it rains heavily.(2014，广东)
A．if B．unless C．until D．when
8．—We will certainly enter a good high school ____ we work hard.
—Yes.Our dream will come true by working hard.(2014，鄂州)
A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as D．even if
9．The little boy is ____ lovely ________ everyone likes him.
A．such；that B．too；to C．so；that D．enough；to
10．—How do you like the popular documentary “A Bite of China (舌尖上的中国)”？
—Excellent！You won't realize how wonderful our Chinese food is ____ you watch it.(2014，荆州)
A．when B．as C．after D．untilDBBCD二、同义句转换，每空一词(含缩略形式)。
11．If you are not quick，you will be late for school.
Be quick， you will be late for school.
12．If he studies hard，he will pass the exam.
he studies hard，he will not pass the exam.
13．Mr.Wang does well in English.He does well in French，too.
Mr.Wang does well in English French.
14．It was such a hot day that we went swimming.
It was that we went swimming.
15．I went to bed after I finished washing the clothes.
I go to bed I finished washing the clothes.orUnlessbothandso hotdidn'tbefore/until请完成考点跟踪突破24