【中考夺分译林牛津版】2015英语中考夺分课件 　语法精点击-专题3　代词

课件68张PPT。专题3　代词专题3 　代词┃考点直击 ┃●1　人称代词
1．分类
人称代词有人称、数、格的变化
专题3 　代词2.主格在句中作主语或表语；宾语一般作动词或介词的宾语。
[注意]当句中三种人称单数并列时一般顺序是you, he and I(即二、三、一)；复数并列时顺序是we, you and they专题3 　代词●2　物主代词
1．分类
专题3 　代词2.用法
形容词性物主代词在句中只作定语；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或和of连用作定语。如：
Our country is a great country.
我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。
This is your pencil. Mine is in the pencil box.
这是你的铅笔。我的在铅笔盒里。专题3 　代词●3　反身代词
1．分类
反身代词表示“某人自己”。
专题3 　代词2.用法
反身代词在句中一般作动词或介词的宾语，也可用作同位语。如：
The world itself is becoming smaller and smaller. 世界本身变得越来越小。
3．固定搭配
say to oneself 自言自语； come to oneself 苏醒过来； by oneself 独自，单独专题3 　代词●4　指示代词
1．指示代词(this, that, these, those)在句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。如：
This is yours and that is mine.
这是你的，那是我的。
I want this book, not that one.
我想要这本书，不是那本。
2．有时为了避免重复，可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词。如：
The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。专题3 　代词●5　不定代词
常见的不定代词有some, any, no, none, one, all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, a lot of, lots of以及some, any, no和every与thing, body或one构成的复合不定代词。它们多数可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。专题3 　代词几组常用的意义相近的不定代词之间的辨析：
1．some 和any
两者都可修饰或指代可数名词和不可数名词；some 一般用于肯定句，any一般用于疑问句和否定句。当表示请求或要求并希望得到对方的肯定回答时，some 也可用于疑问句；any 表示“任何的”时，也可用于肯定句。如：
You can read any of the books.
你可以读这些书中的任何一本。专题3 　代词2．each和every
两者都表示“每个，各个”，前者强调每个人或事物的个别情况，即强调个体；后者有“全体”的意思，即强调整体。every 后可接“数字”或“few＋名词”，表示“每……”。如：
Each of us has a new e-bike.
我们每个人都有一辆新的电动车。
He comes home every two weeks.
他每两周回家一次。专题3 　代词3．none和no one
(1)none指人或物，后面通常接表示范围的of短语；no one 通常只用于指人，不用于指物，后面不接表示范围的of短语。如：
None of the books is/are interesting.
没有一本书有趣。
(2)回答who所提的问题用no one，回答how many/how much所提的问题用 none。如：
—How much money did you give her?
你给了她多少钱？
—None. 一分也没给。专题3 　代词4．another, (the) other和 (the) others
(1)another 泛指“三者或三者以上中的另一个”。
(2)other泛指“另外的”，不能单独使用，后接名词。
(3)others等于“other＋可数名词复数”，泛指“别的人或物”。
(4)the other(＋单数可数名词)指“两者中的另一个”，常用于“one…the other”结构。
(5)the others等于“the other＋可数名词复数”，表示“其余所有的人或物”。专题3 　代词5．few, a few和little, a little
few, little形式上表肯定，意义上表否定，意为“很少”、“几乎没有”；a few, a little表示肯定意义，意为“一些”、“一点儿”。few, a few 修饰可数名词复数；little, a little修饰不可数名词。专题3 　代词6．both 和all, neither 和 either
all 表示“三者或三者以上的人或物”；both, neither 和 either 均用于指两者，both意为“两者都”，neither 意为“两者都不”，either意为“两者之一，任意一方”。如：
My parents are both doctors. 我父母都是医生。
There are trees on either side (＝on both sides)．
两侧都有树。专题3 　代词●6　复合不定代词
1．修饰复合不定代词的形容词要放在其后。如：
There is something interesting in today's newspaper. 今天的报纸上有些有趣的事。
2．作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Nobody knows where he lives.
没有人知道他住在哪里。专题3 　代词┃考点过关┃
●　基础过关
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1．Liu Wei is a disabled boy. He learned the piano by________ (他自己).
2．My English book is on the desk. What about________ (你的)?
3．Our school is as beautiful as________ (他们的)．
4．Peter is so smart that most students recommend________ (他) as the chairperson of the Science Club.
5．Lucy often plays tennis to relax________ (她自己) after school.
.himself yours theirs himherself专题3 　代词 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．A friend of ________ (I) is getting married tomorrow.
2．When I was a little child, my mother often read some stories for________ (I) before I went to sleep.
3．Today we are proud of our school, and tomorrow our school will be proud of ________ (we)．
4．She returned home after work and made a cup of coffee for________ (her)．
5．Peter and Simon enjoyed________ (they) at the English party last night.
6．Mary comes from England and her school is smaller than________ (we).mine me us herselfthemselves ours专题3 　代词(　　)1.—Just a minute, Tom. Is this the report you need to hand in today?
—Oh, yes, mum. I thought I had put________ in my schoolbag. Thank you.
A. everything　　B. something
C. nothing D. anythingⅢ. 单项选择A 专题3 　代词(　　)2. —Would you like some juice or bread?
—________. I'm really thirsty and hungry after such a long walk.
A. Both B. Either
C．Nothing D．NoneA专题3 　代词(　　)3. —I don't have white shoes for tomorrow's speech contest.
—My brother has________ pair. Would you like to try________ on?
A. a; it B. one; it
C. one; them D. two; themC 专题3 　代词(　　)4. They were all very tired, but________ of them took a rest.
A. none B. all
C. both D. eitherA 专题3 　代词(　　)5. —It's too far. I'm afraid I can't walk to the square.
—You can ride________ bike. My aunt's bike is here, so I can use________.
A. my; hers B. mine; hers
C. mine; her D. my; her
A专题3 　代词(　　)6. —Could we see each other at 9 o'clock tomorrow morning?
—Sorry, let's make it________ time.
A. other's B. the other
C．another D. other
C专题3 　代词(　　)1.[2014·兰州] Bill thought ________ necessary to work with friends and share different ideas.
A．it B．they
C．them D．him●　中考透视A考查人称代词的语境辨析。句意：比尔认为与朋友们合作并分享不同的想法是必要的。it常指代单数或不可数的物，也可以充当形式宾语或形式主语，指代动词不定式；they指代复数名词；them为宾格，指代复数名词；him为宾格，指代男性。根据本句由动词不定式“to work with friends and share different ideas”充当宾语，可知缺少形式宾语it, 故选A。专题3 　代词(　　)2.[2014·河北] We must protect plants. They are friends of ________．
A．we B．us
C．our D．oursD专题3 　代词(　　)3.[2014·青岛] Although Mary is a new teacher, she knows ________ student in her class.
A．either B．all
C．every D．noneC考查不定代词用法辨析。句意：尽管玛丽是一名新老师，但是她知道她班上的每一名学生。either指“(两者之间)任何一个”；all后面接复数可数名词，意为“都，所有”；every后面接单数名词；none不能修饰名词。由although可知Mary应认识学生，又由student可知用every修饰。故选C。 专题3 　代词(　　)4.[2014·广州] —Would you like tea or coffee?
—________， thanks! I'd prefer a coke.
A．Both B．Neither
C．All D．SomeB考查不定代词。both意为“两者都”，用于肯定句；neither意为“两者都不”；all意为“(三者或三者以上)都”；some意为“一些”，常用于肯定句。由句意知选B。专题3 　代词(　　)5.[2014·苏州] This work needs close teamwork. ________ will be achieved unless we work well together.
A．Nothing B．Anything
C．Something D．EverythingA句意： 这项工作需要紧密地团结协作，除非我们团结协作得好，否则将一事无成。故选A。专题3 　代词(　　)6.[2014·宜宾] ________ may have a chance to be successful if he tries his best.
A．None B．Nobody
C．Somebody D．EverybodyD考查不定代词。句意：如果尽自己最大的努力，每个人都有成功的机会。none表示“(三个或以上)都不”；nobody意为“无人”；somebody意为“某人”；everybody意为“每人”。根据句意可知，应选D。 ┃语法专练┃
专题3 　代词(　　)1.[2014·巴中] Mr Han is ________ teacher. He teaches ________ Maths.
A．our; us B．our; our C．ours; usA考查代词的用法。句意：韩先生是我们的老师。他教我们数学。our是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词作定语；ours是名词性物主代词相当于“our＋名词”；us是人称代词的宾格。故选A。 专题3 　代词(　　)2.[2014·北京] I have a big brother. ________ name is Paul.
A．His B．Her
C．It's D．YourA考查代词词义辨析。句意：我有一个哥哥，他叫保罗。 专题3 　代词(　　)3.[2014·曲靖] I find ________ necessary to learn about the customs of a country before you go there.
A．that B．this
C．it D．one C句意：在你去某个国家前，我发现学习那个国家的风俗习惯很有必要。句型“find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth”表示“发现做某事……”，其中的it是形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语。故选C。专题3 　代词(　　)4. ________ are good friends.
A．You, I and he B．I, he and you
C．You, he and I D．He, you and IC人称代词主格复数排列顺序为 一、二、三；当承担错误时，单数排列顺序也为 一、二、三，其他情况下为 二、三、一。 专题3 　代词(　　)5.[2014·河池] —Is this________ physics book, Tom?
—No. It is not ________．
A．yours; mine B．your; mine
C．yours; my D．your; myB专题3 　代词(　　)6.Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ________ didn't help.
A．he B．which
C．she D．itD专题3 　代词(　　)7.[2014·苏州] —I'll do the washing-up. Jack, would you please do the floors?
—Why ________？ Susan is sitting there doing nothing.
A．her B．she
C．I D．meD考查代词的用法。句意： “我来洗碗。杰克，你愿意拖地板吗？”“为什么是我呢？苏珊坐在那里无事可做。”疑问词why后接宾格。由句意可知选D。 专题3 　代词(　　)8.—Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.
—Never mind. You can have ________.
A．us B．ours
C．you D．yoursB专题3 　代词(　　)9.[2014·随州] —I'll have a tennis game tomorrow. I'm a little bit nervous.
—Believe in________. You're the best in our club.
A．yourself B．myself
C．herself D．himselfA考查反身代词的用法。句意：“明天我将要参加网球比赛。我有点儿紧张。”“相信你自己。你在我们俱乐部是最棒的。”故选A。专题3 　代词(　　)10.[2014·遂宁] We have made________ a rule to read aloud in the morning.
A．this B．it
C．thatB(　　)11.[2014·广东] —Hello, Linda speaking. Who's ________？
—Hello, this is Martin.
A．he B．one
C．that D．this 专题3 　代词C专题3 　代词(　　)12.When my friends come to my house, I like them to make________at home.
A．himself B．yourselves
C．herself D．themselvesD专题3 　代词(　　)13.Don't lose________in computer games, boys.
A．yourself
B．yourselves
C．himself
D．themselvesB专题3 　代词(　　)14.—Did you finish the homework ________？
—Sure, Mr Wang. Nobody helped ________.
A．you; I B．yours; me
C．yourself; mine D．yourself; meD专题3 　代词(　　)15.　The apples on this tree are bigger than ________ on that tree.
A．them B．those
C．that D．its B为了避免重复，可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的单数和复数名词。该句中apples为复数名词，故选用those来代替。专题3 　代词(　　)16.—Who taught ________ swimming?
—Nobody. I learned all by ________．
A．you; myself B．your; myself
C．you; me D．your; mineAteach sb sth 意为“教某人……”，其中的sb 应用宾格；all by oneself为固定短语。专题3 　代词(　　)17.[2014·陕西] Don't worry. We're old enough to look after________．
A．myself B．me
C．ourselves D．usC考查代词的用法。句意：不要担心。我们足够大能照顾自己了。look after oneself 表示“照顾自己”。we的反身代词是ourselves。专题3 　代词(　　)18. —What kind of movies do you like?
—I like the movies ________ are about Chinese history.
A．who B．whom
C．whose D．thatD专题3 　代词(　　)19.I had to buy ________ these books because I didn't know which one was the best.
A．both B．none
C．neither D．allD专题3 　代词(　　)20.We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so let's have ________ one this month.
A．the other B．some
C．another D．otherC专题3 　代词(　　)21.[2014·黄冈] —Which of the two magazines will you take?
—I'll take ________ though I find ________ of them are very useful to me.
A．all; both B．either; either
C．either; neither D．either; bothD考查代词用法。 句意：“这两本杂志你想买哪一本？”“尽管我发现这两本对我来说都非常有用，但是我要买其中的一本。”both意为“两者都”；either意为“两者中的任一个”；neither意为“两者都不”；all意为“三者或三者以上都”。 故选D。专题3 　代词(　　)22.We have two foreign teachers here. One is from England, and ________ is from America.
A．another B．the other
C．other D．the othersBone…the other…指“一个……另一个……”。句意： 我们有两名外国老师，一名来自英国，另一名来自美国。故选B。 专题3 　代词(　　)23.[2014·泰州] —The cakes are quite delicious! Can I have one more?
—Sorry, there is ________ left. What about some biscuits?
A．none B．no one C．nothing D．nobodyA考查不定代词的用法。句意：“这些蛋糕很可口！我可以再吃一块吗？”“抱歉，一块也没有了。吃一些饼干怎么样？”none意为“一个都没有”；no one意为“没人”；nothing意为“什么也没有”；nobody意为“没人”。根据句意应选A。专题3 　代词 (　　)24.A foreign visitor is coming to visit our new house this evening. My mother will offer him ________ to eat.
A．anything delicious
B．something real Chinese
C．something Japanese food
D. delicious somethingB专题3 　代词(　　)25.—Do you have enough students to clean the laboratory?
—No, I think we need________ students.
A．another B．two others
C．more two D．two moreD专题3 　代词(　　)26.[2014·河南] At present, children mean ________ to most parents in China.
A．everything B．nothing
C．anything D．somethingA　考查不定代词的用法。句意：目前在中国，孩子对大多数家长意味着一切。 everything意为“每件事，一切”；nothing意为“没有事情”；anything意为“任何事”，多用于否定句或疑问句；something意为“一些事”，常用于肯定句。故选A。 专题3 　代词(　　)27. —You have tried on several shirts.
—Sorry to take up too much of your time. But ________ of them look good on me.
A．neither B．any
C．none D．bothC专题3 　代词(　　)28.[2014·随州] —Who helped you sweep the classroom yesterday?
—________. I did it all by myself.
A．Somebody B．Anybody
C．Nobody D．EverybodyC　考查不定代词辨析。句意：“昨天谁帮助你打扫的教室？”“没有人。全是我自己做的。” somebody意为“某人”；anybody意为“任何人”；nobody意为“没有人”；everybody意为“每个人”。根据答语选C。 专题3 　代词(　　)29.[2014·安徽] You can take ________ of the two toy cars and leave the other for your brother.
A．both B．none
C．either D．neitherC考查代词辨析。句意：你可以带走这两辆玩具汽车中的一个，留一个给你的弟弟。由句意可知选C。 (　　)30.—I prefer speaking to listening in English learning.
—Oh, really? I think you should be good at ________ of them.
A．both B．neither
C．some D．all专题3 　代词A专题3 　代词(　　)31.—Do you know how many people there are in the hall?
—________. Because the meeting has been put off.
A．No one B．Nothing
C．None D．NobodyCnone意为“三者或三者以上中没有一个”，用来回答how many/how much引导的特殊疑问句；no one/nobody用来回答who引导的特殊疑问句；nothing用来回答what引导的特殊疑问句。专题3 　代词(　　)32.The question is simple.________can answer it.
A．Someone B．Anybody
C．Nobody D．No one B专题3 　代词(　　)33.—Mum, what else can we do to help you?
—________else, I think. Everything is OK.
A．Something B．Nothing
C．Anything D．EverythingB专题3 　代词(　　)34.I don't care what you say. I believe I can beat you at chess________day.
A．some B．any
C．each D．every A专题3 　代词(　　)35.—John, we have few apples left. Could you go and buy________？
—Sure. But I have________here.
A．any; any B．some; any
C．any; some D．some; some D专题3 　代词(　　)36.[2014·鄂州] —If you prefer the red evening dress, you'll have to pay ________ 30 dollars, because it's made of silk.
—OK. Here you are.
A．other B．the other C．more D．anotherD考查代词的用法。句意： 如果你更喜欢红色的晚礼服，你得再付30美元，因为它是丝绸的。other意为“别的；其他的”；the other意为“(两者中的)另一个”；more意为“更多的”；another意为“另外的；其他的”。more用于数词之后，而another用于数词之前，故选D。专题3 　代词(　　)37.[2014·黄冈] —Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world.
—That is, it is larger than ________ country in Asia.
A．any B．any other C．other D．anotherA考查代词用法。 句意：“每个人都知道加拿大是世界上面积第二大的国家。”“那意味着，它比亚洲任何国家的面积都大。”根据加拿大不属于亚洲确定不用any other(任何其他的)，而要用any。专题3 　代词(　　)38.[2014·河南] It's possible to get $100 a day in this company, and some days you can get ________．
A．much B．more
C．little D．fewerB考查不定代词的用法。句意：在这家公司你一天可以挣到100美元，某些天你会挣得更多。money为不可数名词，排除D；又根据前后句可知，含有比较的意思，故答案为B。