2015年中考英语语法复习课件：代词

课件63张PPT。代词英语语法复习系列课件三、代词 考点一 人称代词
人称代词即指对人的称呼的词（你、我、他等），分为主格和宾格两种形式。【巧学妙记】人称代词的主格和宾格
人称代词分两格，分为主格和宾格。
主格句中作主语，宾语用的是宾格。
句首、动前用主格，动后介后用宾格。【温馨提示】
人称代词语序
单数人称代词并列作主语时用“二、三、一（you, he/she and I）”；复数人称代词并列作主语时用“一、二、三（we, you and they）”。例如：
①You, he and I are all good friends.
你、他和我都是好朋友。
②We, you and they like the same sport.
我们、你们和他们都喜欢同一项运动。
注意：在承认错误、担当责任时，把说话人I放在首位。【巧学妙记】人称代词的排列顺序
人称代词并列现，排列顺序记心间。
单数形式二、三、一，复数形式一、二、三。
若把错误责任担，第一人称最当先。 考点二 物主代词
物主代词即指事物的主人（我的，你的，他的），分为形容词性物主代词（名词前）和名词性物主代词（后无名词）。【温馨提示】
形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别：【巧学妙记】形物代词能力差，自己不能来当家。
句子当中作定语，后面要把名词加。
名物代词能力强，自己独来又独往。
句子成分主表宾，后面名词不能跟。考点三 反身代词
1. 反身代词的单复数形式
反身代词就是指某人自己，单数以-self结尾，复数以 -selves 结尾。第一、二人称反身代词由形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成，第三人称反身代词由宾格人称代词 + self/selves构成。 ①Tom enjoyed himself in the Water Park.
汤姆在水上公园玩得很开心。
②“I’ll teach myself. I’m sure I can do it by myself. ” Linda said to herself.
琳达心里想：“我要自学，我确定我能独立做它。” 2. 反身代词的语法功能
（1）作宾语
当主语与宾语是同一人时，宾语要用反身代词，人称和数要与主语一致
We teach ourselves English. 我们自学英语。
（2）作同位语
用来加强语气，作主语的同位语时，有时为了使句子平衡而把同位语放在句子末尾
I can do it myself. 我自己能做它。 （3）作表语
常与系动词be，look， feel，seem连用，表示或描述一种感觉、情绪或状态
I don’t feel myself today. 我今天感到不舒服。【巧学妙记】反身代词表自身，“宾、表、同位”三成分。
动、介词后作宾语，表示动作回自身。
表示强调同位语，强调动作“亲自”任。
系动词后作表语，各种用法记心中。考点四 不定代词
不明确指代某个（些）人、某个（些）事物的代词叫不定代词。 不定代词的特殊用法
(1)当形容词或else修饰不定代词时，不定代词总是位于修饰词的前面。例如：
①There is nothing new in his speech.
在他的演讲中没有新内容。
②Did she tell you anything else?
她告诉你别的事情了吗？ (2)当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词they 来代替；当句子的主语是指物的复合不定代词时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词it来代替。例如：
①Everyone is here, aren’t they?
大家都在这儿，难道不是吗？
②Everything begins to grow in spring, doesn’t it?
春天万物开始生长，不是吗？ 常见不定代词的用法
1. some/any的用法比较
①Would you like some coffee? 你要来点咖啡吗？
②You can ask me any question.
你可以问我任何一个问题。 2. few，a few和little，a little的用法比较
①The problem is too difficult, few students can work it out.
这道题太难了，没几个学生能做出来。
②She says little but does much. 她说得少，做得多。 3. each/either/both/all/neither/none ①All of the boys in our class like Yao Ming.
我们班所有的男生都喜欢姚明。
②None can speak Japanese in our class.
我们班里无一人会说日语。 4. other/others/the other/the others/another ①There are many foreigners here. Some are Americans, the others are Australians. 这里有许多外国人，一些是美国人，其余的全是澳大利亚人。
②I have two photos. One is black and white, the other is colourful.
我这里有两张照片。一张是黑白的，另一张是彩色的。
③I don’t like this one. Have you got any others?
我不喜欢这个，你还有别的吗？
④I don’t like the pen. Please show me another one.
我不喜欢这支钢笔。请给我看另一支。 5. one/it的用法比较
Joe has a pet dog. It’s very lovely. I want to have one like it, too. 乔有只宠物狗，它很可爱。我也想拥有一只像它一样的（小狗）。 【温馨提示】
it的其他用法 考点五 指示代词、疑问代词
1. 指示代词【温馨提示】
(1)打电话时用this介绍自己，用that询问对方。例如：
This is Sally speaking. Is that Linda?
我是萨莉。你是琳达吗？
(2)that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的单数名词或不可数名词；若前面提到的是复数名词，则用those代替。例如：①The weather in Guangzhou is much warmer than that in Beijing in winter.
冬天广州的天气比北京的暖和得多。
②The apples on this tree are bigger than those on that one.
这棵树上的苹果比那棵树上的大。 2. 疑问代词
常见疑问代词及其用法 Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Simon and Linda didn’t tell us the news. They wanted to keep the secret to _______ (they).
2. The story _______ (it) is interesting, but it’s a little difficult for children.
答案：1. themselves 2. itself 3. Our teachers encourage us to join the volunteer project to help _______ (other).
4. Their teachers are as friendly to students as _______ (we).
5. Don’t worry about your son. He is old enough to be independent and live by _______ (he).
答案：3. others 4. ours 5. himselfⅡ. 单项选择
1. — Is your father or mother a teacher?
— ________. My father is a doctor and my mother is an office worker.
A. Both B. Either
C. Neither D. None
【解析】选C。由答语可知其爸爸和妈妈都不是教师，两者都不，应用neither, 故选C。2.— Which of the two T-shirts will you take?
— I’ll take _______. One is for my brother and the other is for myself.
A. either B. both C. all
【解析】选B。由答语“一个给我弟弟，另一个给我自己。”可知将买这两件T恤衫。故用both。3. （2012·铜仁中考）—Where is my pen?
—Oh, sorry, I have taken _______ by mistake.
A. yours B. mine
C. hers D. his
【解析】选A。由上一句可知答语应为：哦，对不起，我错误地拿走了你的。yours在此作宾语，故选A。4. （2012·六盘水中考）—Jack, who helped _______ make the model ship?
—Nobody! I made it all by _______.
A. your; my B. your, mine
C. you; myself D. you; mine
【解析】选C。help后跟人称代词宾格作宾语；by oneself意为“某人自己”，故选C。5. （2011·江西中考）—Where did you go for your winter vacation?
—My family went to Paris. _______ had a great time.
A. He B. She C. We D. They
【解析】选C。考查人称代词的用法。句意：——寒假你们去哪里了？——我们一家去了巴黎。我们玩得很开心。my family应该用we代替。故选C。6. There’s _______ wrong with the camera. Look! It works well.
A. something B. nothing
C. everything
【解析】选B。考查不定代词的用法。由“它运行得非常好。”可知这架相机没有问题。7. （2011·齐齐哈尔中考）Welcome to my new house, Ann and John! Help _______ to some fruit.
A. myself B. yourself C. yourselves
【解析】选C。考查反身代词的用法。由于称呼的对象是两者（Ann and John）, 因此用yourselves。故选C。8. （2011·济宁中考）—Is this your key, Jenny?
—No. _______ is in my handbag.
A. His B. Hers
C. Mine D. Yours
【解析】选C。由上下句的问答可知，回答应是“不。我的(钥匙)在我的手提包里。”排除A、B与D选项。名词性物主代词Mine在此相当于My key，在句子中作主语。故选C。9.—The pet cat in your hand is very nice. Is it ______?
—Yes, but I’ll give it to my friend Lucy as _______ birthday present.
A. you; her B. your; her
C. yours; her D. you; hers
【解析】选C。形容词性物主代词后要接名词，名词性物主代词后不接名词。本题问句中空格后没有名词，故填名词性物主代词；答语中空格后有名词 birthday present，故填形容词性物主代词。故选C。10. A foreign visitor is coming to visit our new house this evening. My mother will offer him ______ to eat.
A. anything delicious
B. something real Chinese
C. something Japanese food
D. delicious something
【解析】选B。考查不定代词的用法。肯定句中多用something而不用anything。something to eat意为“吃的东西”，故短语中不再体现食品，而当形容词修饰不定代词时要将其放在不定代词之后。故选B。11.—Who helped Jessie with her English?
— _______. She taught herself.
A. Anybody B. Somebody
C. Nobody D. Everybody
【解析】选C。由答语中“她自学的”可知是“没人教她”，故选C项。nobody没有人。12. I have two brothers. One is a teacher, ______ is a doctor.
A. another B. other
C. others D. the other
【解析】选D。句意：我有两个哥哥。一个是老师，另外一个是医生。one. . . the other. . . 意为“(两者中的)一个……另一个……”。13.— _______ is that man over there?
—He is Dick’s uncle.
A. Where B. What C. Who D. Which
【解析】选C。考查疑问代词的用法。由答语“他是迪克的叔叔。”可知询问的是“那边的那个男人是谁？”故选C。14.—What are _______ teachers doing?
—They are having a meeting.
A. this B. that C. those
【解析】选C。所给的三个选项中只有those “那些”可修饰复数名词teachers；this，that后接名词的单数形式。故选C。15.—How did your uncle learn to play the guitar?
—By _______.
A. myself B. yourself
C. herself D. himself
【解析】选D。by oneself“某人自己”，由主语是your uncle可知用其反身代词himself，故选D。16、单句改错1．I haven't heard from he for a long time.________
2．He didn't have some paper.___________3．Nobody of you listened to the tape carefully enough.____________4．That is impossible for us to work out the problem within 3minutes.________he→himsome→anyNobody→NoneThat→It17will you help me to teach him a lesson？”
“Well, yes...are you going to punish ____， sir？”A.meB．himC．usD．them [ 点拨] 选B 。根据上文 “Will you help me to teach him a
lesson？”可知应用 him。故选 B。18If you have a plan to visit China nextyear, would ____ like to spend this festival with us?
[ 点拨] 填 you 。根据“If you have a plan to visit China next year”可知，应填人称代词 you。物主代词19(2014 年广东 )My grandfather kept working hard, andfinally made __79__ dream come true.
[点拨]填 his。句意是“最后实现了他的梦想”，名词dream
前应用物主代词，又根据前句的主语是my grandfather, 故填
his。不定代词题 —Which basketball player do you like best,Kobe, James or Jordan?
—________ of them.Lin Shuhao is my favorite.A．All
C．EitherB．None
D.Neither [点拨]选B。根据后面的答语，可知这三个人都不喜欢，故
选B。反身代词20 Boys, don't lose ________ in playingAngry Birds.It is bad for your eyes to play
computer games for a long time.A．himself
C．themselves B．yourself
D．yourselves [点拨]选D。句意：孩子们，不要沉迷于玩《愤怒的小鸟》。
长时间地玩电脑游戏对你们的眼睛不好。主语是you，相当于
boys，反身代词要用 yourselves。故选D。指示代词21(2014 年广东)—Hello, Linda speaking.Who's_______？—Hello, this is Martin.A．he
C．thatB．one
D．this [点拨]选C。指示代词 this/that 可用于电话用语中，this 代
表自己，that 则代表对方。故选C。典题分析22(2014 年河南)At present, children mean ________ tomost parents in China.A．everything
C．anythingB．nothing
D．something [点拨]选A。句意：眼下，对中国的大部分父母而言，孩子
意味着一切。根据句意及常识可知，孩子是父母心中的一切。
everything 意为“一切；所有的事情”；nothing 意为“什么也
没有”；anything 意为“任何事情”；something 意为“一些事
情”。故选A。23—Tom, supper is ready.—I don't want to eat________， Mum.I'm not feeling well.A．everything
C.somethingB．nothing
D．anything [点拨]选D。everything 每一件事情；nothing 什么也没有；
something 一些事情；anything 任何事情，常用于一般疑问句或
否定句中。句意：“汤姆， 晚饭准备好了。”“我不想吃任何
东西，妈妈。我感觉不舒服。”用在否定句中，故选 D。24—Who helped Betty tidy up the bedroom just now?
—________.She cleaned it all by herself.A．Somebody
C．EverybodyB．Nobody
D．Anybody [点拨]选B。选项 A 意思是“某人”；选项 B 是“没有
人”；选项 C 意思是“每个人”；选项D 意思是“任何人”。
由“She cleaned it all by herself.”可知没有人帮助她，故选B。典题分析题1—What do you think of the movie by Zhao Wei?
—Terrific.I like ________ very much.A．itB．himC．herD．you [点拨]选A。此处所填代词指代影片“the movie”，应用it。
故选 A。题2Did you find ____ very interestingto play volleyball?A．thisB．thatC．it[点拨]选C。it 做形式宾语指代 to play volleyball。故选C。典题分析25—________ is that man over there?—He's my uncle.A．WhatB．WhoC．Whose[点拨]选B。由答语可知是询问关系，故选 B。题2—________ is your father?—A bank clerk.He works in a bank near my home.A．WhereB．HowC．WhatD．Which[点拨]选C。由答语可知是询问“做什么工作”，故选 C。26 即景活用(1)He has two uncles.________ of them are doctors.
(2)—Which do you prefer, the red one or the blue one?—________ is OK.I don't care.(3)________ of the twins has been to Guangzhou.They hopeto visit it one day.(4)I'm a fan of Jay Chou.________ of the songs that he sangare beautiful.BothEitherNeitherAll