课件34张PPT。专题二 代 词 1．人称代词
(1)人称代词起代表人和事物的作用，它有人称、单复数和主宾格的变化，见下表：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词考点一(2)人称代词的用法
1)人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格作宾语、表语。
2)it的用法。
①代表前面提到过的事物。eg.
My pen is missing. I can't find it anywhere.我的钢笔不见了，我到处都找不到它。
②用来指人，主要指婴儿或身份不明的人。eg.
The woman had a baby. It is ten months old.那位妇女生了个小孩，他有十个月大。
—Who is knocking at the door？谁在敲门？
—It's me.是我。
③表示时间、距离、天气、季节等。eg.
—What time is it？几点了？(表时间)
—It's nine.九点。
It was cloudy yesterday.昨天多云。(表天气)
It's only half an hour's walk from here to our school.从这儿走到我们学校只要半个小时。(指距离)
It's summer now.现在是夏天。(指季节)④作形式主语或形式宾语。eg.
I found it difficult to learn English at first.最初我发现英语很难学。(形式宾语)
It's important to protect our environment.保护我们的环境很重要。(形式主语)
(3)人称代词的排列顺序
①如果有几个不同的人称同时作主语，且用and, or连接时，习惯顺序是：单数：(2,3,1)第二人称、第三人称、第一人称，即you, he(she)and I ；复数：(1,2,3)第一人称、第二人称、第三人称，即we, you and they。 【巧学妙记】
代词并列有顺序，单数并列231，复数并列123，若把错误责任担，第一人称最当先。时时注意比身份，人物总在动物前。单数男女同时到，男士反而要优先。
②人称代词和名词在一起时，一般要把人称代词放在名词之后。eg.
Sam and I, the waiter and she.山姆和我，服务员和她。2．物主代词
(1)表示所属关系的代词叫物主代词，它又分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。见下表：(2)形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，在句中修饰名词，作定语。
(3)名词性物主代词的构成方法，一般是在形容词性物主代词后加-s，除了my→mine, his→his, its→its。
(4)名词性物主代词相当于名词，在句中作主语、表语、宾语，代替形容词性物主代词＋名词。eg.
His handwriting is better than mine.(mine＝my hand-writing)他的书法比我的好。
—Is this your cup？这是你的茶杯吗？
—No, it is hers.(hers＝her cup)不，是她的。
(5)名词性物主代词的特殊用法：名词性物主代词与of连用可作定语。eg.
That son of hers is very clever.她那个儿子很聪明。
This painting of his is well painted.他的这幅画画得很好。
Tom is a friend of mine.汤姆是我的一个朋友。3．反身代词
表示反射(指一个动作返回到动作发出者本身)或强调的代词，叫反身代词。
(1)第一人称、第二人称的反身代词是：形容词性物主代词＋self(或selves)；第三人称是：人称代词的宾格＋self(或selves)。eg.
Mary saw herself in the mirror.玛丽在镜中看到了她自己。
(2)反身代词用作同位语，起加强语气的作用，在句中位置较灵活。eg.
I cooked it myself.我亲自做的饭。
(3)反身代词作宾语表示动作返回到动作执行者本身，即主语和宾语指同一人或物。eg.
Tom taught himself English.汤姆自学英语。
(4)enjoy, help, look after, hurt, teach, wash, dress, call等常跟反身代词作宾语。eg.
Boys and girls, help yourselves to some bananas.孩子们，吃些香蕉吧。
1．普通不定代词
(1)常见的普通不定代词普通不定代词考点二(2)常见的七组易混普通不定代词辨析
①little, a little, few与a few(详见第一部分七(下)Units 9～12)
②other, the other, others, the others与another(详见第一部分七(下)Units 9～12)
③some与any④much与many
⑤each与every
⑥both, either与neither⑦all, any与none1．初中阶段常见的复合不定代词复合不定代词考点三2.复合不定代词的用法
(1)由some和any构成的复合不定代词的区别与some和any的区别基本相同。
(2)当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词之后。eg.
There is something interesting in the book. 这本书里有一些有趣的东西。
(3)复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。eg.
Somebody is speaking in the empty house. 有人在那个空房子里说话。1．指示代词指示代词与疑问代词考点四
(1)this/these指代较近的人或物，也可介绍别人；that/those指代较远的人或物。eg.
This is my father and that is my brother.这是我爸爸，那是我弟弟。
(2)打电话时用this指代自己；用that代指对方。eg.
Hello！This is Tina speaking. Who's that？你好，我是Tina。你是谁？
(3)表示比较时用that指代前文出现的不可数名词；可数名词复数用those指代；可数名词单数可用one指代。eg.
The weather in North China is much colder than that in South China in winter.冬季华北地区的天气比华南地区冷得多。
Robots in the movie look more like humans than those in real life.电影中的机器人比现实中的机器人看起来更像人类。2.it, one与that
(1)辨析it, one与that
(2)it的特殊用法
①It用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：
◆It's＋adj.(for sb)＋to do sth. 对某人来说做某事…… eg.
It's important for us to work hard. 对我们来说努力工作是重要的。
◆It's time to do/for/that…到……的时间了 eg.
It's time to get up. 到起床的时间了。
It's time for lunch/that we go home. 到吃午饭的时间了。/到回家的时间了。◆It seems that………看起来…… eg.
It seems that he is quite happy. 他看起来似乎很高兴。
◆It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事，eg.
It's your turn to sing now. 现在轮到你唱了。
◆It's＋adj. ＋that从句 做某事……eg.
It is necessary that we students do some reading every day. 我们学生每天读书是必要的。
② it作形式宾语。eg.
Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line？你认为学会排队是必要的吗？3．疑问代词
疑问代词用来引导特殊疑问句，一般放在句首。中考常见疑问代词的用法如下：
【易错点提醒】which对确定范围内的“哪一个”提问，what对不确定范围内的“哪一个”提问。eg.
Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon？哪一个最大，太阳、地球还是月亮？
What class are you in？你在几班？
注意：云南各地市中考，通常将疑问代词和疑问副词进行混合考查。常见的疑问副词有：when(询问时间)，where(询问地点)，how(询问方式)，why(询问原因)等。谢谢观看！第二部分 专题二
Ⅰ.单项填空
(B )1.This is ________ classroom.________ is over there.
A．ours; Their B．our; Theirs
C．our; Their D．ours; Theirs
(C )2.Who teaches________ French this semester?
A．we B．our
C．us D．ours
(C )3.—Is this your bicycle, David?
—No, it's not________.It's Helen's.
A．his B．yours
C．mine D．hers
【精析】考查名词性物主代词的用法。由上下文可知答语意为“不，自行车不是我的，是海伦的。”所以填mine。“名词性物主代词”相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，此处mine相当于my bicycle。故选C。
(B )4.This is________ iPhone 6. Yours is over there.
A．she B．her
C．hers D．herself
【精析】考查形容词性物主代词的用法。由句意“这是她的iPhone 6，你的在那边。”可知此处需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰iPhone 6，故选B。
(B )5.We visited the students in a rural school last month and gave away a lot of school things to________.
A．they B．them
C．their D．themselves
(C )6.The clever boy said to________， “I'll do________ best to work out the problem.”
A．him; his B．herself; my
C．himself; my D．himself; his
(C )7.Tom, please pass________ the glasses. I want to read the book.
A．you B．him
C．me D．her
【精析】考查人称代词的用法。pass sb sth“递给某人某物”，是固定用法。由“I want to read the book.”可知是让汤姆把眼镜递给“我”，故选C。
(A )8.British people usually shake hands for the first time when________ meet.
A．they B．you
C．we D．I
(B )9.She will have a baby next month.She hopes
________ will be a boy.
A．he B．it
C．itself D．himself
【精析】考查人称代词的用法。由语境可知她并不知道婴儿的性别，故要用it指代。
(C )10.Kate is a kind girl.________ often helps us learn English.
A．I B．You
C．She D．We
【精析】考查人称代词的用法。人称代词作主语时，要用主格形式。由“Kate is a kind girl.”可知是“她”经常帮助我们学英语，所以应用表示女性的人称代词she作主语。故选C。
Ⅱ.根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
11．She is living all by __herself__ now. Sometimes she stays with her son for one or two weeks. (she)
12．Could you tell me whose car it is? Is it __his__(he) or __hers__(she)?
13．—Who's there?
—It's __me__.(I)
14．Betty cleaned __her__(she) own room and __ours__(we), too.
15．On the weekends Bob and ____I____(I) usually clean ____our____(we) cars in the garden.
单项填空
(D )1.The Smiths have visited two famous cities since last Sunday. One is in Japan and________ is in China.
A．another B．other
C．others D．the other
(A )2.—Would you like some juice or milk?
—________ is OK. I don't mind.
A．Either B．Neither
C．Both D．All
【精析】考查不定代词的用法。由“juice or milk”可知是在两者之间选择，故排除D项。由“I don't mind”及“is”可知A项符合题意。
(D )3.This backpack doesn't look smart. Could you show me________ one?
A．the other B．others
C．other D．another
【精析】考查代词的用法。another指多者(至少三者)中的“另一个”，可作代词或形容词，其前不可有任何修饰词。
(A )4.There isn't ________ paper in the box. Can I have________ to print my math exercises?
A．any; some B．any; any
C．some; any D．some; some
【精析】考查不定代词的用法。some一般用于肯定句；any一般用于否定句和疑问句中。some在疑问句中表示说话者希望得到肯定的回答，故选A。
(C )5.She has written a lot of books, but________ are good ones.
A．any B．some
C．few D．little
(C )6.—How was your trip in Chengdu?
—Not so good. I stayed there for two days, but it rained on________ of the days.
A．none B．neither
C．both D．all
【精析】考查不定代词辨析。none“三者或三者以上都不”；neither“两者都不”；both“两者都”；all“三者或三者以上都”，由对话内容可知，因为两天一直下雨，旅行都不顺，故选C。
(C )7.I have two cousins.________ of them like eating meat but________ likes eating vegetables.
A．All; none B．Both; either
C．Both; neither D．Both; none
(B )8.—Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world.
—That is, it is larger than________country in Asia.
A．any B．any other
C．other D．another
单项填空
(A )1.You don't have a drink. Can I get you________？
A．something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
【精析】考查复合不定代词辨析。something“一些东西”；anything“一些东西，任何东西”；nothing“没有东西”； everything“每件东西”。由句意可知，空格处填“一些东西”，排除C、D项；something常用于肯定句；anything常用于否定句和疑问句。在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中常用something，而不用anything。在该题中，明显是征求对方意见，所以用something。故选A。
(D )2.—Is there________ in this book?
—No, nothing.
A．interesting something B．interesting anything
C．something interesting D．anything interesting
(D )3.—Everybody should learn to say“I love you”to their families often.
—I think so.________ in life is more important than family.
A．Something B．Everything
C．Anything D．Nothing
(D )4.________ may have an opportunity to enter a good university if they study hard in school.
A．None B．Nobody
C．Somebody D．Everybody
【精析】考查复合不定代词辨析。none“没有人(或物)”；nobody“没有人”；somebody“某个人”；everybody“每个人”。句意为“如果在学校努力学习，每个人都有机会进入一所好大学。”故选D。
(B )5.Look! The clock has stopped. Maybe there's ________ wrong with it.
A．everything B．something
C．anything D．nothing
【精析】考查复合不定代词辨析。everything“所有事物，一切”；something“某事，某物”，一般用于肯定句及表示请求建议等含义的疑问句中；anything“任何东西，任何事物”，一般用于否定句或疑问句中；nothing“没有什么，没有一件东西”，用于肯定句中，表示否定含义。由语境可知本句表示肯定语气，表示“有一些问题”，用固定句型there is something wrong。故选B。
(C )6.A smile costs ________， but gives so much. So we should learn to smile.
A．something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
(A )7.________ in the neighborhood can help him. So he did it by himself.
A．Nobody B．Anybody
C．Somebody D．Everybody
【精析】考查复合不定代词辨析。nobody“没有一个人”；anybody“任何人”；somebody“某人”；everybody“每一个人”。由“did it by himself”可知是无人能帮助他。故选A。
(A )8.Mrs Brown is nice. Every day she tried to cook________ for me during my stay in Canada.
A．something different B．anything different
C．different nothing D．different somewhere
单项填空
(D )1.—________ film do you prefer, Lost in Hong Kong or The Left Ear, Madee?
—Lost in Hong Kong. I like comedies because they often make me laugh.
A．What B．Whatever
C．Whose D．Which
【精析】考查疑问代词辨析。what“什么”；whatever“无论什么”；whose“谁的”；which“哪一个”。句意为“马蒂，《人在囧途之港囧》和《左耳》你更喜欢哪部电影？”“《人在囧途之港囧》。我喜欢喜剧，因为它们常常使我发笑。”选D。
(B )2.—________ are you going to do this weekend?
—I will go swimming with my friends.
A．Which B．What
C．Whose D．When
【精析】考查疑问代词辨析。which“哪一个”； what“什么”；whose“谁的”；when“什么时候”。句意为“你这周末打算干什么？”故选B。
(B )3.—I am a little hungry, Mom.
—There are some cakes on the plate. You can take ________.
A．it B．one
C．that D．this
【精析】考查指示代词的用法。it“它”；one“一个”； that“那个”； this“这个”。one可以指代同类中的一个，有一些蛋糕，吃一个可以用one代替。故选B。
(B )4.—________ one do you like, the blue one or the red one?
—The red one.
A．What B．Which
C．That D．This
(A )5.I find________ difficult for me to go to sleep the night before the sports meeting.
A．it B．that
C．those D．this
【精析】考查指示代词的用法。it代替物，可作形式主语和宾语等；that指远处的事物，电话中的对方，为避免重复代替前面的可数名词单数和不可数名词；those指代上文提到的事物，一般指代可数名词复数；this指代的是距离说话人较近的人或者事物。结合语境可知本句中的代词it作形式宾语指代下文动词不定式内容，故选A。
(B )6.Bob, look at those boys over there. ________ are my cousins. Let's go and say hello to them.
A．This B．Those
C．That D．These
【精析】考查指示代词的用法。this单数，“这，这个”，指代较近的人或物；those复数，“那些”，指代较远的人或物；that单数，“那，那个”，指代较远的人或物；these复数，“这些”，指代较近的人或物；由“over there”可知，此处表示远处的事物，所以排除A和D项；又因为the boys为名词复数形式，所以用those指代。故选B。
