(共19张PPT)
Unit 9 Human Biology
Writing workshop
To read and write about epidemics;
To analyse the structure and language of an article;
To summarise the main ideas of a paragraph.
Learning objectives
put together
be divided into
corresponding
leave out
conduct a study
take place
break out
be considered
claim
at the start of
alone
整理出来 拼凑
被分成
相对的 对应的
不包括 遗漏
进行研究
发生
爆发 突然发生
被认为是
夺取生命
在……开始时
仅仅 单 只
Check the answers to Pre-task
Step l. Translate the following words and phrases.
1.An epidemic is the rapid spread of an infectious disease over a short
period of time , causing a large number of deaths , the number of which
differs for different diseases.
2.He found that the earliest epidemics took place10 as early as 500 to 550CE, which killed half of the population in that particular area.
Step 2. Translate and appreciate the following sentences.
流行病是传染性疾病在短时间被迅速传播,造成大量死亡,死亡人数因人而异。causing 现在分词做状语,the number of which 非限制性定语从句。
他发现最早的流行病发生在公元 500 年至公元550年之间,导致 发病地区一半的 人口死亡。which 引导的非限制性定语从句。
3.The same epidemic, called“The Black Death”returned in the 1330s in Asia and spread quickly to Europe.
4.The 1997 bird flu which claimed over 100 lives was an adaptation of the Great Flu of 1918.
同样的流行病, 被称为“黑死病” 14 世纪 30年代在亚洲卷土重来,并迅速传播到欧洲。called ...过去分词做后置定语 修饰 the same epidemic.
1997 年的禽流感夺去了 100 多人的生命。是1918年大流感的一种变异版本。which 引导的定语从句 用来 修饰 The 1997 bird flu.
Read the text “Epidemics Explained” in this unit. How many parts can it be divided into Which paragraphs may be included into each part Complete the first column of the table. Then match the key information below for each part.
Some epidemics were connected
Definition
Cooperation needed to fight against epidemics
Epidemics in the 21st century
Read for writing
The Text “Epidemics Explained” Parts Corresponding paragraphs Key information
Definition
Some epidemics were connected
Epidemics in the 21st century
Cooperation needed to fight against epidemics
1
2
3
4
1-2
3-6
7-8
9
Pair Work Read the summary of “Epidemics Explained” below. Find the main focus for each pare the summary with the original text, what information is included and what is left out Why Share with your partner.
The key information is included and extra details such as the causes and classification of epidemics are left out.
Read the text “To Clone or Not to Clone”. How many parts can it be divided into Which paragraphs may be included in each part Find out the focus for each plete the table.
The Text “To Clone or Not to Clone” Parts ____________ ____________ Corresponding paragraphs ____________ ____________ Main focuses
____________
____________
Focus on structure and language
The Text “To Clone or Not to Clone” Parts ________ ________ ________ Corresponding paragraphs _________________ __________________________________ Main focuses
______________________________________________________________________________
definition
successful examples on cloning
praises and concerns about cloning
1
3
2
1
4-6
2-3
Read the paragraph below. What’s the main idea of this paragraph Underline the key words. Summarise the paragraph in one sentence. Do the same for the other parts of the text.
Key words:
cloning, making an exact copy, plant or animal, natural cloning, going on for generations.
Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally or artificially. Natural cloning has been going on for generations. For example, gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they take a cutting from a plant and place it in a suitable medium, such as soil. Another example of natural cloning is identical twins, who are produced from the same egg.
Summary:
Cloning means to make an exact copy of a plant or animal and natural cloning has been going on for generations.
Read the paragraph below. What’s the main idea of this paragraph Underline the key words. Summarise the paragraph in one sentence. Do the same for the other parts of the text.
Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally or artificially. Natural cloning has been going on for generations. For example, gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they take a cutting from a plant and place it in a suitable medium, such as soil. Another example of natural cloning is identical twins, who are produced from the same egg.
Writing Help
Writing a summary
It’s important to:
read the text and divide it into parts;
summarise each part in one or two sentences, covering the key information;
avoid including examples or explanations;
avoid adding your own ideas;
use linking words where necessary.
Compose Your Writing
For years, there had been attempts to clone animals artificially. The first successfully cloned animal was a sheep named Dolly in 1996. At first, Dolly grew normally, but later she developed an illness ... After Dolly, scientists have cloned more than 20 mammal species, including ... However, they have found a similar pattern of health problems …
Paragraph 2: Topics and key words
artificial cloning: cloned mammals
Paragraph 3: Topics and key words
In January 2018, the cloning of two long-tailed monkeys, Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua, was announced by Chinese scientists. They were the first-ever primates … to have been cloned! In comparison with other species, cloning primates has proved to be “much harder” … Dr. Sun Qiang, director of the research team, said they had been wholly devoted to the research … The reason they worked so hard to break this technical barrier was …
artificial cloning: cloned primates
Paragraph 4: Topics and key words
The successful cloning of primates has led to worldwide praise as a huge breakthrough that might lead to cures for various diseases and may also offer clues on how to prevent the aging process. With this technology, we have the potential to raise a large number of monkeys with identical genes ... This could help save research time …
the significance of cloning of primates
Paragraph 5: Topics and key words
Cloning, however, continues to be an issue that causes a great deal of disagreement and provokes strong emotions. While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement, others raise moral concerns. They believe it is bound to lead to ... For example, they wonder if ... Furthermore, clones may ... Finally, they worry ...
moral concerns
Paragraph 6: Topics and key words
So far, it is still unknown what will happen to Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua as they grow up. Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced. As Einstein said, “Science is a powerful instrument ...”
conclusion
Edit your summary in pairs.Then share what you have written in class.
Homework