(共39张PPT)
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Unit 5 Understanding ideas
MACQUARIE ISLAND:
from Chaos to Conservation
chaos: a state of complete confusion
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1 What animals can you see in the picture
birds
penguins
The picture is taken in Macquarie [m kw r ] Island(麦夸里岛).
Look at the picture below and answer the questions.
1
Pre-reading
Let’s know more about Macquarie Island.
Pre-reading
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Macquarie Island:
Chaos
to
Conservation
from
整体理解
课文
Step 1 速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A.Macquarie Island’s tragic story.
B.What people’s intervention on the island was.
C.How Macquarie Island was saved from destruction.
D.Strong winds and stormy seas around the Macquarie Island.
√
Para. 1
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 6
a. The big problem brought by humans.
b. The location and natural characteristics of
Macquarie Island.
c. Rabbits multiplied and caused soil erosion and
increasing.
d. People tried to tackle the problem and failed.
e. The author is trying to tackle the problem.
f. The situation on Macquarie Island was getting worse.
Para. 2
Para. 5
Part Ⅰ An introduction to the island.
Part Ⅱ The chaotic situation.
Part Ⅲ The conservation.
II. Match the main ideas with their paragraphs.
Step 2 细读——深度获取细节
1.What can we learn from the first paragraph
A.Macquarie Island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its wild
and natural beauty.
B.The green grass and bare rock of its landscape on Macquarie Island
form its beauty.
C.Royal penguins，king penguins and elephant seals live in perfect
harmony now.
D.The writer is standing on Macquarie Island enjoying its wild and
natural beauty.
√
2.What is mentioned in the passage
A.When humans arrived on the island，they hunted the birds on the
island.
B.So many rats and mice were brought to the island on purpose.
C.Rats and mice have been taking over the island，eating the birds’
eggs so far.
D.Cats were introduced to the island to control the rats and mice.
√
3.What was the cause of soil erosion on the island according to the passage
A.Rabbits were introduced to the island，multiplying rapidly and digging
holes.
B.Parakeets，native to the island，died out because of human activities.
C.The increasing number of cats led to more cats hunting the birds.
D.Rats and mice multiplied rapidly and dug holes without cats.
√
4.Which method to remove the rabbits from the island was used effectively in the 1970s
A.A large number of dogs were released.
B.A large number of birds were released.
C.A virus was released onto the island.
D.A large number of cats were released.
√
5.What caused some land to collapse at the beginning of the 21st century
A.The departure of the cats from the island.
B.The increasing population of mice and rats.
C.The digging of the rabbits.
D.The death of a number of penguins.
√
细节理解
课文
Macquarie Island Location in the __________Pacific Ocean between ________and _________.
Shape _______ and _______ shape caused by _______ wind and ______________.
Landscape ___________ and ________ contrast ___________
Title a ________________________________
Inhabitants a ______ and ________ penguins, _________________.
Para 1: Read Para.1 quickly and fill in the blanks.
South-west
Australia
Antarctica
long
thin
strong
stormy seas
green grass
bare rock
dramatically
UNESCO World Heritage Site
royal
king
elephant seals
I am standing on Macquarie Island, in the South-west Pacific Ocean, halfway between Australia and Antarctica. Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long, thin shape. The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically, giving it a wild and natural beauty. No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
Para. 1
/m kw r / 麦夸里岛
太平洋
澳大利亚
/ nt'ɑ:ktik / 南极洲
adj. 暴风雨的；猛烈的
v. 对比, 对照
狂野和天然的美
认为...名副其实
世界遗产地
与......和睦相处；与......协调一致
ADD YOUR TITLE HERE______ on the island and __________ brought_________________ the island_____develop an _______forunknowinglytook overbroughtcontrolappetitearrived_____attackingeatingPara 2: Read Para.2 quickly and finish the mind map . But the island’s more recent history tells a different story. It’s a tragic story that began in 1810 when humans arrived on the island. In their ships they unknowingly brought rats and mice. These small animals quickly took over the island, eating the birds’ eggs and attacking baby birds. Cats were brought to the island to control the rats and mice. Unfortunately, the cats subsequently developed an appetite for the birds, too.
Para. 2
adj. 悲剧的；悲痛的，不幸的
占领；接管(公司)；取代；占上风
adv. 后来；随后 subsequent adj. 随后的；后来的
对......产生兴趣
introduced rabits to the island as a source of ______.
__ plentiful food for the cats.
provided
food
________ the number of cats.
increased
_____
hunt
Parakeets
________
died out
Para 3: Read Para.3 quickly and finish the mind map .
Meanwhile, rabbits were introduced to the island as a source of food for humans. Loose on the island, they did what rabbits do best一they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes, which caused soil erosion. The exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats, meaning that the number of cats also increased. This in turn led to more cats hunting the birds. The end result was that parakeets, once large in number and native to the island, died out in 1891.
Para. 3
被引进
adj. 零散的；松散的 v. 释放；变松；开火
挖洞
土壤侵蚀；土壤流失
......的数量
反过来
灭绝=become extinct
was ________ to ________ the population of
provided ____food for the cats.
less
released
_____ their attention and their stomachs _____ to .
turned
Plan A
decrease
back
_____
killing
were used to ________
______
increase
catch
_____ a substantial number of
killed
Plan B
the numbers ________ once again.
exploded
Even after Macquarie Island became an official nature reserve in the 1970s, the rabbits remained out of control. Experts felt it nccessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island. With this goal in mind, a virus was released onto the island. But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 1 30,000 to around 10,000, it also meant less food for the cats. The rats in consequence turned their attention—and their stomachs—back to the native birds, killing up to 60,000 each year. In the 1980s, traps and dogs were used to catch the cats. The last Macquarie Island cat was caught in 2000.
Para. 4
自然保护区
不受控制；失去控制
提出；想出
心中有了这个目标
结果；因此
将注意力转移到......
n. 陷阱 v. 诱骗；困住
But as the saying goes, “While the cat’s away, the mice will play.” With the departure of the cats from the island, the mouse and rat population started to increase. And remember those 10,000 or so rabbits It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus, and their numbers exploded once again. Then, in 2006, the rabbits’ digging caused some land to collapse, and killed a substantial number of penguins. This incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.
正如俗语所说
山中无老虎，猴子称大王
随着......的离开
结果是
再一次
大量
bear(适宜于), deserve(应受到), need, require(需要), stand(忍受), want(需要)
Para. 5
彻底地；最终地
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What happened to Macquarie Island after 2006
Mission
Measures
The first step involves poison dropping….
The next step is to remove……
To participate in the programme to
tackle this very problem.
So, I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem. The first step involved poison being dropped from helicopters. The next step is to remove the last remnaining invading species, and that’s where I come in—with my dogs. They have been trained to find every last one, without harming the native animals. This intervention is a long, much-delayed ending to a sad story, but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
Para. 6
参加
adj. 侵入的；入侵的
n. 介入, 干涉, 干预
adj. 延迟很久的
把......归功于
Postscript: In 2014, Macquarie Island was declared pest-free and the island’s ecology is finally on the road to recovery.
n. (信末签名后的)附言；(正文后的)补充说明
无害虫区域
在恢复的路上
Ⅱ.研典句 学用法
否定词置于句首的部分倒装
Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants，including royal penguins，king penguins，and elephant seals，existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.(P66 Para.1)
他们也不难想象出，数千年来，包括帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹在内的当地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共存的。
结构分析：本句为nor置于句首引起的部分倒装句。其中how引导宾语从句。
1
当含有否定意义的词或短语(如never，hardly(刚刚)，seldom(很少)，little，few，not until，not，not only，no sooner(立即)，no longer，nowhere，by no means(决不)，at no time(决不)，on no account(决不)，in no case(决不)，under no circumstances(决不)等)置于句首时，其后用部分倒装，即把谓语动词的一部分(助动词、情态动词或be动词)提到主语之前。
(1)无论发生什么，我们决不应该放弃我们的希望。
Whatever happens， give up our hope.
(2)我们刚到车站，天就开始下大雨了。
when it began to pour.
(3)我从未见过哪件事使她如此沮丧。
that made her so disheartened.
(4)直到最近，他们才鼓励在农村地区发展旅游活动。
the development of tourist activities in the rural districts.
in no case should we
Hardly had we arrived at the station
Never have I seen an incident
Not until recently did they encourage
(1)无论发生什么，我们决不应该放弃我们的希望。
Whatever happens， give up our hope.
(2)我们刚到车站，天就开始下大雨了。
Hardly (have) (us) arrive at the station when it began to pour.
(3)我从未见过哪件事使她如此沮丧。
Never have I (see) an incident that made her so disheartened.
(4)直到最近，他们才鼓励了在农村地区发展旅游活动。
Not until recently they (encourage) the development of tourist activities in the rural districts.
in no case should we
had we
seen
did encourage
while引导状语从句
But as the saying goes，“While the cat’s away，the mice will play.”(P68 Para.5)
但正如俗语所说，“山中无老虎，猴子称大王”。
结构分析：此句为主从复合句。while引导时间状语从句，从句谓语必须用延续性动词，意为“当……的时候”。
2
while作连词时，除了引导时间状语从句，还有以下用法：
while引导让步状语从句，多位于句首，意为“尽管，虽然”。
while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。
while用作并列连词，表示对比或转折，意为“而，然而”。
(1)他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。
He likes playing basketball, while I like (listen) music.
(2)俗话说，“有生命就有希望”。
As the saying goes，“ there is life，there is hope.”
(3)尽管我发现解决这个问题很困难，但我仍将竭尽全力解决它。
While I find (difficulty) (tackle) the problem，I will try my best to work it out.
(4)参观本次展览时，我们不仅可以欣赏民间艺术品，而且会学到很多东西。
While (visit) this (exhibit)，we will not only enjoy the folk art works but also learn a lot.
listening to
While
it difficult to tackle
visiting exhibition
Step 3 读后——课文语法填空
Macquarie Island was a beautiful place 1. its native inhabitants，including royal penguins，king penguins，and elephant seals，existed 2. harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.However，in 1810，humans 3. (arrive) on the island with rats and mice.These small animals quickly took over the island，eating birds’ eggs and 4. (attack) baby birds.Cats 5._______
(bring) to control the rats and mice，but they also liked eating birds.Meanwhile，rabbits were introduced to the island but the exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for cats，
where
in
arrived
attacking
were
brought
meaning that the number of cats also increased 6. (rapid).This in turn led to more cats hunting birds.The end result was that parakeets，once large in number and native to the island，died 7. in 1891.
A virus 8. (release) onto the island caused the rabbit population to decrease，but the cats，without enough rabbits to eat，killed native birds for food.Although all the cats on the island had been caught by 2000，rats and mice exploded once again.Besides，the rabbits’ 9. (dig) caused some land to collapse and killed many penguins.
rapidly
out
released
digging
A programme was started to tackle this problem.This 10.___________
(intervene) is a long，much-delayed ending to a sad story，but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
返 回
intervention
课文重点词块默写
1.世界遗产地
2.与……和睦相处，与……协调一致
3.占领；接管(公司)；取代；占上风
4.对……产生兴趣
5.被引进
6.土壤侵蚀，水土流失
7.……的数量
8.反过来
__________________
_______________
_________
_____________________
_______________
___________
_____________
_______
World Heritage Site
in harmony with
take over
be introduced to
soil erosion
the number of
in turn
develop an appetite for
9.导致，带来
10.灭绝，绝种
11.自然保护区
12.不受控制；失去控制
13.想出，提出(计划、想法等)
14.心中有了这个目标
15.结果，因此
16.随着……的离开
17.原来是；结果是；证明是
_______
_______
_____________
_____________
____________
____________________
______________
____________________
________
die out
nature reserve
out of control
lead to
with the departure of
turn out
come up with
with this goal in mind
in consequence
18.再一次
19.大量
20.彻底地；最终地
21.参加
22.把……归功于
23.在恢复的路上
返 回
__________
______________________
_______________
_____________
________
_____________________
once again
a substantial number of
once and for all
participate in
owe...to
on the road to recovery
