Unit3 Make it happen developing ideas知识讲义和单词巩固（含答案）外研版（2024）英语八年级上册

Unit 3
完形填空。
Easton LaChappelle, a 14 - year - old student, stood beside his work at a science fair. It was a robotic arm. He built it 1.____ plastic blocks and fishing line.
“Hello,” said a girl with an artificial arm, as she shook hands with Easton's work.
This was the first time Easton met Jenny, a girl with a special 2.____. She was born without an arm. Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, 3.____ it cost $80,000. What's worse, children like her grow quickly and need new arms all the 4_____.
“It blew me away! I built my arm for only $300,” thought Easton. “I must 5.____ a hand to people like her.”
After the fair, Easton's room became a lab. He 6.____ there all day. He always tried to improve his work. For his 16th birthday, Easton got a 3 - D printer. And 7.____ it, he invented an artificial arm. It was able to move with brain signals of the user. But it wasn't good enough yet: the arm weighed 3.6 kilograms. It was too heavy 8.___ a child.
Easton kept working on it. He enjoyed 9.____ problems one after another. And finally he 10.____ success at age 23. His design only weighed 0.5 kilograms and cost around $500!
Easton's invention has helped many children. He didn't want to 11.____ money from it. He decided to post his design online... for free! People can 12.____ the design and make an artificial arm with their own 3 - D printers!
What a 13.____ hand! His story has inspired many people. It shows that with determination决心 and 14.____, one can make a big difference. Easton's act of kindness is like a light in the 15.____, guiding others to follow suit.
( ) A. from B. of C. in D. with
( ) A. condition B. question C. problem D. situation
( ) A. and B. but C. so D. or
( ) A. day B. week C. time D. month
( ) A. lend B. give C. offer D. take
( ) A. played B. studied C. worked D. slept
( ) A. by B. with C. in D. on
( ) A. for B. to C. with D. of
( ) A. solving B. finding C. making D. facing
( ) A. got B. achieved C. made D. reached
( ) A. make B. get C. earn D. all of the above
( ) A. upload B. download C. read D. write
( ) A. helping B. useful C. kind D. friendly
( ) A. effort B. money C. help D. work
( ) A. sky B. night C. world D. heart
apply have shake do make
17-year-old Shantanu Gangwar noticed a problem. Blind students at school had a hard time moving around. They wished 1_________ a smart machine to warn them about the objects in their way, so Shantanu decided 2_________ something to help.
He invented a smart walking stick. It can sense objects nearby. Once it senses an object, it starts 3_________ to warn the user.
Shantanu won an award and received many congratulations for his invention. However, he wanted 4_________ it even better. He also hoped 5_______it to real life after finishing high school. "We can produce a lot of these sticks and help more blind people, " he said.
重点单词讲解。
1. Easton LaChappelle, a 14-year-old student, stood beside his work at a science fair.伊斯顿·拉夏贝尔,一名 14 岁的学生，站在自己参加科技展览会的作品旁。（教材P36）
fair /fe / n._____________________________________
翻译句子。
There will be a book fair on the square this weekend.
___________________________________________________________
The Country fair is a common form of trading in China.
___________________________________________________________
（2）［形容词］常见含义有：
You must be fair to both sides.你必须____________对待双方。
She offered me a fair price for my record collection. 她给我收藏的唱片出了一个________价格。
She has fair hair and skin.她有着________的头发、_________的皮肤。
2 He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line.他是用塑料积木和钓鱼线制作的。
out of 由……制成，用……做成
We built the hen house out of wood。____________________________________
The necklace项链 is made out of gold._____________________________________
拓展
out of构成的相关短语：
out of business_________________ out of work________________
out of breath_______________ out of order______________
out of sight看不见
3 Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000.她的假肢只是一个简单的钩子，却花费了8万美元。
cost /k st/ v. 价格为，需支付（某一数量的钱）
辨析 spend, take, pay与cost
spend 主语通常是_______ sb. spends time/money doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 sb. spends time/money on sth.某人在某事/某物上花费时间/金钱
take 通常用________作形式主语 it takes（sb.）some time to do sth.做某事花费（某人）多长时间
pay 主语通常是________ sb. pays some money for sth.某人为某物花费多少钱
cost 主语通常是________ sth. costs sb. some money某物花费某人多少钱
1. I spend two hours a day ___________ English.
A. speaking B. speak C. speaks D. to speak
2. I spend two hours ___________ reading English every day.
A. on B. to C. for D. in
3. He ___________ 400 yuan ___________ the bike.
A. pay, for B. pay, to C. paid, for D. paid, to
4. —How much did you ___________ the car
—It ___________ me 100, 000 yuan.
A. pay; cost B. spend on; cost C. spend; paid
5. —The room with two single beds ___________ $100.
—It’s too expensive. I can’t ___________ for it.
A. cost; cost B. costs; pay C. pays; cost
6. This interesting book only ___________ me ten yuan and I ___________ ten months reading it.
A. cost; spend B. cost; spent C. spends; cost
4 What’s worse, children like her grow quickly and need new arms all the time.更糟糕的是，像她这样的孩子长得快，经常需要新的假肢。
what’s worse___________________
用来引出一个更加糟糕或严重的情况，通常用来加重语气，强调比较。
I left my wallet at home, and what’s worse, my phone is out of power.
___________________________________________________________________
5. “It blew me away! I built my arm for only $300,” thought Easton. “这让我大吃一惊！我只花了 300 美元就造出了假肢。”伊斯顿心想。
blow sb. away 使某人大吃一惊；（尤指比赛中）彻底击败
It just blows me away that everyone is so friendly here.
_______________________________________________________
Nancy blew away the rest of the skaters._________________________________。
6. I must lend a hand to people like her.我一定要帮助像她这样的人。
lend /lend/ 过去式:_______________ 过去分词_______________
lend sb. a（helping）hand/ lend a（helping）hand to sb.___________________
He was always glad to lend a helping hand.他总是乐于施以援手。
拓展
［动词］借给；借出
对应词为borrow “借入；借来”。lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. _________________________
7 .It was able to move with brain signals of the user. But it wasn’t good enough yet: the arm weighed 3.6 kilograms.它能随着使用者的大脑发出的信号移动。但它还不够好：这一假肢重达3.6千克。
brain /bre n/ n. _________________
To keep your brain in good condition, you need to use it.拓展
［名词］_____________________
She has a good brain._______________________
It takes much brain to think of something like that！________________________________
weigh /we / v. 重，重量是……
对重量提问常用“How much do/does...weigh ” “What do/does...weigh ”或“How heavy is/are... ”。
____________________________________________你的体重是多少？
拓展
（1）weight［名词］重量；分量
put on/gain weight_____________________lose weight_________________________
【语境串记】
She weighed 60 kilos months ago. Unsatisfied with that number, she decided to lose weight.
___________________________________________________________________________
8 .He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.他对解决一个又一个问题乐此不疲。
fix /f ks/ v. _______________________
My friend is very confident that she can help me fix the problem.我朋友非常自信她能够帮我解决这个问题。
拓展
［动词］_________________
fix up修理；装饰
Andrew often fixes things for others.安德鲁经常帮别人修东西。
They fixed up the house before they moved in.他们把房子装修了以后才搬入。
9 .Easton’s invention has helped many children.伊斯顿的发明帮助了许多孩子。
invention / n ven n/ n.发明（物）（如机器、工具、仪器等）
Necessity is the mother of invention. ___________________________________________。
【语境串记】
Edison invented a lot of things. He is a great inventor and he is famous for his inventions.
________________________________________________________________
10. People can download the design and make an artificial arm with their own 3-D printers!人们可以下载设计图，用自己的 3D 打印机制作假肢！
download / da n l d/ v.下载（信息或程序）
_______________________________________________________你可以免费下载该应用程序。
拓展
［名词］下载；已下载的数据资料
app/file downloads应用/文件下载
This book is available as a free download.该书可免费下载。
11 .What a helping hand!多大的帮助啊！（教材P37）
what引导的感叹句
本句结构为：What+a/an（+形容词）+单数名词！
！
拓展
what型感叹句的其他结构：
（1）What+形容词+可数名词复数（+主语+谓语）！
What interesting movies（they are）!（它们是）多么有趣的电影啊！
（2）What+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！
What delicious food!多么美味的食物啊！
1．（2024·云南·中考真题）________ meaningful day! We volunteered to clean up our city park.
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
2．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Hi, guys! Our team won the first place in the table tennis match.
—________ exciting news it is! We are so happy about it.
A．What B．How C．What an D．How an
3．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）________ helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely.
A．What B．What a C．How D．What an
4．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）______ amazing it is! The Shenzhou XVIII members raise fish for the first time in Tiangong space station.
A．What B．How C．What an
5．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）—________ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves!
—I’m glad you had a good time.
A．What B．How C．How a D．What
12. Boy designs SMART STICK for the blind男孩为盲人设计智能手杖.
smart /smɑ:t/ adj.智能的
smartphone _________________ smart machine_____________________
Today, can you live _______________________ 如今，你能在没有智能手机的情况下生活吗
拓展
［形容词］______________________
She is a beautiful and smart girl.。
You look smart in that suit.
13. They wished to have a smart machine to warn them about the objects in their way, so Shantanu decided to do something to help.他们希望有一台智能机器来提醒他们前方路上的障碍物，于是Shantanu决定做点什么来帮忙。
warn /w :n/ v.警告，告诫；提醒
The message warned us of/about possible danger.__________________________
He ______________________________ there at night.他告诫我不要晚上去那儿。
Experts ___________________________ chocolate is bad for health.
专家警告说吃太多巧克力对健康有害。
14 .Shantanu won an award and received many congratulations for his invention. Shantanu 因为他的发明赢得了一个奖项并收到了许多祝贺。
congratulation /k n gr t le n/ n.恭喜，祝贺
其复数形式为congratulations，通常用于祝贺成功、获奖、结婚、生日、毕业等场合。
congratulations to sb.（on sth.）（因某事）祝贺某人
Congratulations! You won first prize at the speech contest. 恭喜！你在演讲比赛中得了一等奖。
Congratulations to you on success.祝贺你的成功。
15. How does the problem trouble you 这个问题给你带来了什么困扰？（教材P40）
trouble / tr b l/ v._____________________________
This latest news troubled him deeply.这个最新消息使他深为烦恼。
拓展
（1）［及物动词］麻烦
trouble sb. to do sth._________________
trouble sb. with sth.________________________
Could I_____________________________ 麻烦你把窗户打开好吗？
I don’t want to___________________________ such a small problem.我不想因为这个小毛病麻烦医生。
（2）［不可数名词］麻烦；困境
be in trouble 遇到麻烦;处于困难中
get/run into trouble陷入困境
be out of trouble摆脱困境
have trouble with sth.在某事上有困难
have trouble（in）doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/困难
When you are _____________ at school, your friends will help you.当你在学校遇到麻烦时，你的朋友会帮你。
If I don’t get this finished on time, I’ll__________________.我如果不把此事按时完成，就会陷入困境。
We have_____________________the problem.我们解出这道题有困难。
16. Be creative! You can be as imaginative as you want.要有创意！你可以尽情发挥想象力。
imaginative / m d n t v/ adj.富有想象力的；创新的
He is an imaginative writer.他是位富有想象力的作家。
We have to think of an imaginative solution to the litter problem.我们必须想出一个解决乱扔垃圾问题的有创意的办法。
一．词汇巩固
1. The new 3 - D printer can help us ______ models more quickly.
A. invent B. weigh C. print D. cost
2. The invention of computers has greatly ______ our lives.
A. improved B. fixed C. lent D. warned
3. —How much does this book ______ —Twenty yuan.
A. lend B. cost C. weigh D. apply
4. We should use our ______ to think and solve problems.
A. brains B. signals C. hooks D. printers
5. You can ______ useful information from the Internet.
A. apply B. download C. warn D. trouble
6. The ______ of the robot can do many things for humans.
A. experiment B. invention C. advertisement D. imagination
7. The doctor ______ the patient to take the medicine on time.
A. congratulated B. applied C. warned D. weighed
8. She is a(n) ______ girl. She always has many new ideas.
A. everyday B. imaginative C. unexpected D. widely
9. The ______ of electricity makes our life more convenient.
A. exploration B. experiment C. application D. talent
10.The Post-it Note was invented ______ accident by Arthur Fry.
A. on B. by C. in D. with
11. . Easton decided to ______ his design online for free.
A. download B. upload C. post D. invent
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The ______ (invent) of the Internet has changed the world.
2. The little boy is ______ (curiosity) about everything around him.
3. You should ______ (apply) what you have learned to your daily life.
4. These ______ (advertisement) on TV make us know more products.
5. We felt ______ (trouble) when we met so many difficulties.
6. The scientist ______ (weigh) the chemical before the experiment.
7. The ______ (imagine) story made the children excited.
8. They ______ (complete) finished the task in two days.
9. His ______ (fail) in the exam made him sad.
10. We need more ______ (talent) people to develop our company.
三、根据中文完成句子（每空一词）
1. 我们学校将举办一场展览会。
Our school will hold a ______.
2. 他发明了一种新机器来解决这个问题。
He ______ a new ______ to solve the problem.
3. 这个苹果重量是100克。
This apple ______ 100 grams.
4. 请从网站上下载这些文件。
Please ______ these ______ from the website.
5. 老师警告我们不要在课堂上说话。
The teacher ______ us ______ ______ talk in class.
6. 这些广告在年轻人中很受欢迎。
These ______ are very popular among young people.
7. 人造卫星在太空中运行。
______ satellites travel in space.
8. 你应该把理论应用到实践中。
You should ______ the theory ______ practice.
根据短文内容填空，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限选一次。
little invent of you foot come easy floor relax weigh
We live a simple and modern life today. Here are a few kinds of interesting 1.___________for you.
Do your shoes get wet when it rains Of course, they do. We have special shoes for you. You can buy these Clever Umbrellas for Shoes. They keep the rain off your 2._______.
Are you tired of cleaning the 3._______at home Don't worry. Perhaps 4._______ “cat ” can do a better job than you. The Cleaner Cat Brushes can help you sit back and 5.______.
Do you talk too long on the phone To save time,you can buy the Exercise Telephone. It 6._______ five kilos. Then your calls will be 7.______ than five minutes because it is too heavy to carry.
Are you afraid 8.____the dark Lighted Slippers let you see in the dark! If it is dark, the powerful LED lights will 9.________ on. Is it wonderful Now you can 10.______ walk with hands free in dark areas.
单项选择
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 11.C
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. invention 2. curious 3. apply 4. advertisements 5. troubled 6. weighed 7. imaginative 8. completely 9. failure 10. talented
根据中文完成句子（每空一词）
1. fair 2. invented; machine 3. weighs 4. download; files 5. warned; not to 6. advertisements 7. Artificial 8. apply; to