Period 4 单元语法讲练
不定代词的用法
一、常见不定代词
不定代词 作用
one，each，many，another，either，neither，(a) few，other 代替可数名词
much，(a) little 代替不可数名词
none，any，all，some，both 代替可数/不可数名词
anyone，anybody，someone，somebody，everyone，everybody，nobody，no one 代替可数名词
anything，something，everything，nothing 代替可数/不可数名词
Not everything he said is right．
他说的不都是对的。
All of her children are now grown up．
她的孩子都长大成人了。
I understood little of what he said．
我几乎听不懂他讲的话。
[即时训练1] 单句语法填空
①This watch doesn't work，so I must get ______．
②I talked to the two women．________ of them were French．
③Don't just stand there．Do ________！
二、几组常见不定代词的区别
1．many，much，few，a few，little，a little
除代替不同的名词(指可数名词和不可数名词)这一区别外，many，much，a few，a little都表示肯定；few，little都表示否定。
Many of the high school students are studying hard to enter Peking University，but only a few of them were lucky enough．
许多高中生努力学习想考进北京大学，但他们中只有一部分是足够幸运的。(many，a few都表示肯定。)
He didn't say much about his trip．
关于他的旅行他说得不多。(much表示肯定。)
Few of the town's fine buildings predate the earthquake of 1755．
该城的精美建筑很少是1755年大地震前建成的。(few表示否定。)
Very little was said as we awaited the arrival of the chairman．
等候主席到来的时候我们都没怎么说话。(little表示否定。)
We are not finished，quite a little is left to do．
我们还没有干完，还有不少工作要做。(a little表示肯定。)
2．another，other，the other，others，the others
不定代词 词义 用法
another 另一个人或物 用于指代三者或三者以上中的另一个
other 另一个人或物 用于指代除了已提及的之外的其他人或物
the other 两者中的另一个 常与one连用，构成one...the other...一个……另一个……
others 余下中的另一些人或物 是other的复数形式，some...others...是常用搭配
the others 其余的人或物 指除了提到的人或物外其余的全部，some...the others...；one...the others是常用搭配
I don't like this room．I'm going to ask for another．
我不喜欢这个房间。我打算另要一间。(another指三者或三者以上中的另一个)
He has two twin sons．One is a lawyer while the other is a doctor．
他有一对双胞胎儿子。一个是律师，另一个是医生。(the other指两者中的另外一个)
Some are planting trees and others are watering them．
一些人在栽树，另一些人在给树浇水。(some...others...表示“一些……另一些……”)
Some of the students in our class are standing and the others are sitting round them．
我们班几个学生站着，其他的学生都围着他们坐着。(the others特指一个整体中除去一个或者一些之外剩下的人或物)
[名师点津] the rest也表示“剩下的，余下的”，可以用于“the rest of＋名词”结构，也可以单独使用；作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它所修饰的名词。
Some of the students are on the playground，and the rest are staying in the classroom．
一些学生在操场上，剩下的待在教室里。(the rest指代the other students，谓语动词用复数)
I drank only a little of the water．The rest was drunk by him．
我只喝了一点儿水。剩下的被他喝了。(the rest指代不可数名词the rest of the water，谓语动词用单数)
3．all，none，neither，both，either与each
I don't like all of the subjects．
所有的科目我都不喜欢。(all表示“三者或者三者以上都”)
I like none of the subjects．
所有科目我都不喜欢。(none表示“三者或者三者以上都不”)
Neither of the two plans sounds reasonable．
这两个计划听起来都不合理。(neither表示“两者都不”)
Both of the plans sound reasonable．
这两个计划听起来都合情合理。(both表示“两者都”)
Either of the two plans sounds reasonable．
这两个计划听起来都合情合理。(either表示“两者中任何一个”)
Each of her sons gave her presents for Mother's Day．
每个儿子都给了她母亲节礼物。(each表示“两者或者两者以上当中的每一个”)
上述不定代词也可单独使用。
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空
①I don't like this mobile phone．Will you please show me ________ one
②You talked about Bill and Fagan，but I know ________．
③She spent hardly ________ of the money．
④I've got far too ________ to do．
短文语境填空(根据所学语法知识，在空白处填入适当的词)
It is universally acknowledged 1．________ we exist in a dynamic world with various difficulties．When we 2．________ (be) faced with them，3．________ is more important than confidence．With confidence，we can find the question is not huge 4．________ we imagine．
Take we students for example，the entrance exam to college seems to be a horrible monster．Accordingly，5．________ of us give up．In my eyes，with confidence，right 6．________ (assess)of the difficulties，as well as full 7．________ (prepare)，try and exert your strength，and then we will overcome 8．________ of the problems and challenges．
On 9．________ whole，I believe we each should face the difficulties in right manners．Brave 10．________ out and just do it．
Period 4
单元语法
即时训练1 ①another ②Both ③something
即时训练2 ①another ②neither ③any ④much
巩固落实
短文语境填空
1．that 2．are 3．nothing 4．as 5．some 6．assessment 7．preparation 8．all 9．the 10．it
4 / 4(共59张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
UNIT 2 主题语境 人与自我——健康的生活方式
SPORTS AND FITNESS
Period 4 课时学案 单元语法讲练
Section Ⅱ LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
不定代词的用法
一、常见不定代词
不定代词 作用
one，each，many，another，either，neither，(a) few，other 代替可数名词
much，(a) little 代替不可数名词
不定代词 作用
none，any，all，some，both 代替可数/不可数名词
anyone，anybody，someone，somebody，everyone，everybody，nobody，no one 代替可数名词
anything，something，everything，nothing 代替可数/不可数名词
Not everything he said is right．
他说的不都是对的。
All of her children are now grown up．
她的孩子都长大成人了。
I understood little of what he said．
我几乎听不懂他讲的话。
[即时训练1] 单句语法填空
①This watch doesn't work，so I must get _________．
②I talked to the two women．________ of them were French．
③Don't just stand there．Do ____________!
another
Both
something
二、几组常见不定代词的区别
1．many，much，few，a few，little，a little
除代替不同的名词(指可数名词和不可数名词)这一区别外，many，much，a few，a little都表示肯定；few，little都表示否定。
Many of the high school students are studying hard to enter Peking University，but only a few of them were lucky enough．
许多高中生努力学习想考进北京大学，但他们中只有一部分是足够幸运的。(many，a few都表示肯定。)
He didn't say much about his trip．
关于他的旅行他说得不多。(much表示肯定。)
Few of the town's fine buildings predate the earthquake of 1755．
该城的精美建筑很少是1755年大地震前建成的。(few表示否定。)
Very little was said as we awaited the arrival of the chairman．
等候主席到来的时候我们都没怎么说话。(little表示否定。)
We are not finished，quite a little is left to do．
我们还没有干完，还有不少工作要做。(a little表示肯定。)
2．another，other，the other，others，the others
不定代词 词义 用法
another 另一个人或物 用于指代三者或三者以上中的另一个
other 另一个人或物 用于指代除了已提及的之外的其他人或物
the other 两者中的另一个 常与one连用，构成one...the other...一个……另一个……
不定代词 词义 用法
others 余下中的另一些人或物 是other的复数形式，some ...others ...是常用搭配
the others 其余的人或物 指除了提到的人或物外其余的全部，some ...the others ...；one ...the others是常用搭配
I don't like this room．I'm going to ask for another．
我不喜欢这个房间。我打算另要一间。(another指三者或三者以上中的另一个)
He has two twin sons．One is a lawyer while the other is a doctor．
他有一对双胞胎儿子。一个是律师，另一个是医生。(the other指两者中的另外一个)
Some are planting trees and others are watering them．
一些人在栽树，另一些人在给树浇水。(some...others...表示“一些……另一些……”)
Some of the students in our class are standing and the others are sitting round them．
我们班几个学生站着，其他的学生都围着他们坐着。(the others特指一个整体中除去一个或者一些之外剩下的人或物)
[名师点津] the rest也表示“剩下的，余下的”，可以用于“the rest of＋名词”结构，也可以单独使用；作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它所修饰的名词。
Some of the students are on the playground，and the rest are staying in the classroom．
一些学生在操场上，剩下的待在教室里。(the rest指代the other students，谓语动词用复数)
I drank only a little of the water．The rest was drunk by him．
我只喝了一点儿水。剩下的被他喝了。(the rest指代不可数名词the rest of the water，谓语动词用单数)
3．all，none，neither，both，either与each
I don't like all of the subjects．
所有的科目我都不喜欢。(all表示“三者或者三者以上都”)
I like none of the subjects．
所有科目我都不喜欢。(none表示“三者或者三者以上都不”)
Neither of the two plans sounds reasonable．
这两个计划听起来都不合理。(neither表示“两者都不”)
Both of the plans sound reasonable．
这两个计划听起来都合情合理。(both表示“两者都”)
Either of the two plans sounds reasonable．
这两个计划听起来都合情合理。(either表示“两者中任何一个”)
Each of her sons gave her presents for Mother's Day．
每个儿子都给了她母亲节礼物。(each表示“两者或者两者以上当中的每一个”)
上述不定代词也可单独使用。
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空
①I don't like this mobile phone．Will you please show me __________ one？
②You talked about Bill and Fagan，but I know _________．
③She spent hardly ______ of the money．
④I've got far too ________ to do．
another
any
much
neither
短文语境填空(根据所学语法知识，在空白处填入适当的词)
It is universally acknowledged 1．______ we exist in a dynamic world with various difficulties．When we 2．_____ (be) faced with them，3．_________ is more important than confidence．With confidence，we can find the question is not huge 4．____ we imagine．
Take we students for example，the entrance exam to college seems to be a horrible monster．Accordingly，5．________ of us give up．In my eyes，with confidence，right 6．____________ (assess)of the
that
are
nothing
as
some
assessment
difficulties，as well as full 7．_____________ (prepare)，try and exert your strength，and then we will overcome 8．____ of the problems and challenges．
On 9．____ whole，I believe we each should face the difficulties in right manners．Brave 10．____ out and just do it．
preparation
all
the
it
课时提升作业(五) (UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ LESSON 2 & LESSON 3)
(总分：55分)
Ⅰ．单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．The coach is not sure whether Paul can play in __________ (防守)．
2．When falling down in public，I felt very __________ (令人尴尬的)．
3．If you are feeling anxious，here are ten ways to _________ (缓解) anxiety without medicine．
defence
awkward
relieve
4．These citizens were ____________ (禁止) from travelling abroad．
5．To our ______________ (失望)，he didn't pass the driving test yesterday．
prohibited
disappointment
Ⅱ．选词填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
in particular；cheer up；be capable of；warm up；be fed up with
1．The whole meal was good and the wine ______________ was excellent．
2．He knows I _______________ his increasingly unfunny and unintelligent comments．
3．____________！You still have time to try it again．
in particular
am fed up with
Cheer up
4．His classmates believe that he ______________ running a mile in four minutes．
5．We arrived just when the party was beginning to _________．
is capable of
warm up
Ⅲ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
For most of us,walking is something we do automatically．It doesn't require much effort,so many of us fail to remember the benefits of walking for health．
Physical activity doesn't need to be hard．Whether you're regularly active or not,even a quick ten-minute daily walk can deliver a host of health benefits．But what happens if we stop walking ahead and start challenging our brains and bodies by walking backwards？Not only
does this change of direction demand more of our attention,but it may also bring additional health benefits．
One of the most well studied benefits of walking backwards is improving stability and balance．Walking backwards can improve how a person walks and balance for healthy adults and those with knee problems．Walking backwards causes us to take shorter,more frequent steps,leading to improve the muscles of the lower legs．But the benefits of changing direction aren't just that—an interest in backward movement
has led researchers to discover various other benefits．While normal walking can help us maintain a healthy weight,walking backwards may be even more effective．Energy expenditure when walking backwards is almost 40 percent higher than walking at the same speed forwards,with one study showing reductions in body fat for women who completed a six-week backward walk．
Walking backwards is simple,but that doesn't mean it's easy．So,how can you add walking backwards into your exercise plan？
When walking backwards,we're more likely to crash into something or fall over,so in the interest of safety,it's best to start indoors where you won't crash into someone or outside in a flat,open area．Look over your shoulder．Keep your head and chest upright while reaching back with your big toe for each step,rolling through the foot from toe to heel．Once you become more confident about walking backwards,you can begin to speed things up．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了倒走的好处以及如何开始倒走。
1．Why does the author mention“the benefits of walking”in the beginning？
A．To introduce the benefits of walking．
B．To show people's lack of exercise．
C．To lead us to“walking backwards”．
D．To tell us the importance of walking．
√
C [推理判断题。根据第一段“For most of us,walking is something we do automatically．It doesn't require much effort,so many of us fail to remember the benefits of walking for health．”以及第二段中的“But what happens if we stop walking ahead and start challenging our brains and bodies by walking backwards？Not only does this change of direction demand more of our attention，but it may also bring additional health benefits．”可推知，作者在开头提到“步行的好处”是为了引出“倒走”。故选C。]
2．What does the underlined word“expenditure”mean？
A．Increase． B．Consumption．
C．Experiment． D．Construction．
B [词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“when walking backwards is almost 40 percent higher than walking at the same speed forwards，with one study showing reductions in body fat for women who completed a six-week backward walk．”可知，倒走比以同样速度向前走消耗的能量高出近40%，故画线词意思是“消耗”。故选B。]
√
3．What does the fourth paragraph talk about？
A．When is safe to walk backwards？
B．Why should we walk backwards？
C．How can we start walking backwards？
D．What's the weakness of walking backwards？
C [段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，该段主要讲述了我们如何开始倒走。故选C。]
√
4．What is the best title for the passage？
A．Physical Activity Is Easy and Simple
B．Walking Backwards Is Really Good for You
C．Walking Doesn't Require Any Special Equipment
D．Walking Ahead Challenges Our Brains and Bodies
√
B [标题归纳题。根据第二段并结合全文可知，文章主要说明了倒走的好处以及如何开始倒走，B选项“倒着走真的对你有好处”最适合作文章标题。故选B。]
Ⅳ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Annie is a middle school student from South Derbyshire．Recently she was praised for 1 ￡3，800 she had found in an envelope lying in a 2 car park．
Last Sunday morning，Annie finished shopping．She was walking through the car park of Morrisons in Swadlincote when she saw something．She 3 it for a balloon，but it was actually an envelope．As she 4 over it with her trolley (手推车)，the envelope
suddenly burst under the weight．To her surprise，she found a large amount of money．She picked it up and immediately 5 it to Derbyshire police．The money was 6 returned right after the 7 came forward to claim it．
Later，policemen from the Mercia Safer Neighbourhood Team visited
8 Annie to hand her a note of 9 from Derbyshire police．They also brought her flowers and a box of chocolates．She was even given some money．But she directly refused the 10 ．
11 to the visit from the police，Annie smiled，“When I saw much money burst out of the envelope，I felt amazed．I thought the one who 12 it must feel worried．I only did the right thing．”Officer Bob 13 Annie for her actions．He said，“Words cannot describe Annie．She is a truly 14 girl who deserves the thanks and praise of the whole community．We all should learn the quality of 15 from her．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自南德比郡的中学生Annie拾金不昧的事迹以及警方对她的表扬，并呼吁整个社区向她学习。
1．A．handing in B．getting in
C．applying for D．hunting for
A [根据下文中的“The money was ____returned right after the ____came forward to claim it．”可知，Annie将捡到的钱“上交”而受到表扬。故选A项。]
√
2．A．company B．supermarket
C．factory D．police
B [根据下文中的“Last Sunday morning，Annie finished shopping．”可知，是在“超市”停车场发现的信封里的钱。故选B项。]
√
3．A．admitted B．returned
C．mistook D．forgot
C [根据下文中的“it for a balloon，but it was actually an envelope”可知，她以为是一个气球，但实际上是一个信封。由此可知，“误以为”符合语境。故选C项。]
√
4．A．looked B．discussed
C．took D．ran
√
D [根据下文中的“with her trolley”可知，手推车“碾压”过去，run over意为“碾压”，符合语境。故选D项。]
5．A．preferred B．reported
C．paid D．lent
B [根据常识和下文中的“Derbyshire police”可知，此处指的是马上“报告”给警察。故选B项。]
√
6．A．safely B．hopelessly
C．hardly D．equally
√
A [根据语境和常识可知，钱交给警方，失主来领取时，应该是“安全地”归还给失主。故选A项。]
7．A．partner B．giver
C．owner D．competitor
C [根据语境以及下文中的“came forward to claim it”可知，来领取的应该是失主，也就是“物主”。故选C项。]
√
8．A．hard-working B．outgoing
C．absent-minded D．kind-hearted
√
D [根据上文介绍的故事可知，Annie拾金不昧。由此可知，Annie是一个“善良的”孩子。故选D项。]
9．A．aid B．invitation
C．thanks D．efforts
C [根据下文中的“She is a truly ____ girl who deserves the thanks and praise of the whole community．”可知，此处指的是给Annie的“感谢”信。故选C项。]
√
10．A．concern B．rewards
C．events D．goods
√
B [根据下文Annie对警方来访的回应“I only did the right thing．”可知，Annie认为自己只是做了一件正确的事情，所以此处应是拒绝了“奖励”。故选B项。]
11．A．Responding B．Turning
C．Keeping D．Seeing
A [根据下文中的“When I saw much money burst out of the envelope，I felt amazed．I thought the one who ____ it must feel worried．I only did the right thing．”可知，此处指的是Annie对警方的来访的“回应”。故选A项。]
√
12．A．delivered B．picked
C．lost D．found
√
C [根据常识及上文中的“When I saw much money burst out of the envelope，I felt amazed．”可知，信封中钱的金额很大，“丢失”这个信封的人一定很着急。故选C项。]
13．A．checked B．protected
C．prevented D．praised
D [根据上文介绍的故事可知，Annie拾金不昧。由此可知，此处指的是Annie被“表扬”。故选D项。]
14．A．amazing B．creative
C．terrible D．awkward
A [根据上文中的“Words cannot describe Annie．”可知，此处都是警官Bob对Annie的溢美之词，所以此处指Annie是“了不起的”女孩。故选A项。]
√
√
15．A．courage B．honesty
C．responsibility D．patience
√
B [根据上文可知，Annie拾金不昧，这是一种“诚实”的美德。故选B项。]
Ⅴ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The Paris Olympics have turned the city's famous landmarks into sports venues (场馆)，1．________ (create) a culture-defining backdrop (背景) for the exciting events．This combination of architecture and 2．__________ (compete) has left people with unforgettable memories．
One of the standout venues is the Esplanade des Invalides，3．____ large space outside the Hotel des Invalides that is hosting the archery (射箭) events．The hotel has a history dating back over 300
creating
competition
a
years,which originally served 4．_____ a hospital for the wounded and retired soldiers．Today,it includes history museums and monuments,as well as the tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte．Watching 5．________ (athlete) draw their bows and release arrows 6．__________ fly through the air against the backdrop of the ancient buildings is a sight to behold (看，看见)．
as
athletes
that/which
7．_________ (similar),the shooting hall for the 2008 Beijing Olympics was a wonder of architectural design．The two-story venuefeatures innovative lighting,noise reduction and space design．Its outside surface 8．__________ (cover) in brown,wood-like stripes (条纹)．As its architect from Tsinghua University said,the stripes represented a forest and were cleverly used 9．_________ (provide) shade inside the venue．
Similarly
is covered
to provide
Sports venues both at Beijing and Paris Olympics show 10．_______ (they) uniqueness—a mixture of modernity and history,sport and culture．
their
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了巴黎奥运会将著名地标变为体育场馆，为激动人心的赛事创造了建筑与比赛的结合，给人们留下了难忘的回忆。
1．creating [考查非谓语动词。句意：巴黎奥运会将这座城市著名的地标变成了体育场馆，为这些激动人心的赛事创造了一个定义文化的背景。句中已有谓语have turned，空处需用动词-ing形式creating作伴随状语。故填creating。]
2．competition [考查名词。句意：建筑与竞赛的结合给人们留下了难忘的回忆。根据空前的“architecture and”可知，空处需用名词competition“竞赛”与“architecture”并列，作介词of的宾语，句中指的是“竞赛”这一概念，用单数形式。故填competition。]
3．a [考查冠词。句意：其中一个突出的场地是荣军院广场，它位于荣军院酒店外面，是射箭比赛的举办地。根据空后的“large space”可知，空处表泛指，需用不定冠词表示，且large的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。]
4．as [考查介词。句意：这家旅馆有300多年的历史，最初是作为伤兵和退役军人的医院。serve as“充当；作为……使用”，固定短语。故填as。]
5．athletes [考查名词复数。句意：看着运动员们拉弓射箭，箭矢在古代建筑的背景下在空中飞翔，是一道奇观。athlete“运动员”为可数名词，由后文“draw their bows and release arrows”可知，此处指不止一个运动员，应用复数形式。故填athletes。]
6．that/which [考查定语从句。句意：看着运动员们拉弓射箭，箭矢在古代建筑的背景下飞过，真是奇观。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词arrows，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。]
7．Similarly [考查副词。句意：同样，2008年北京奥运会的射击馆也是建筑设计的奇迹。空处需用副词similarly来修饰整个句子，作状语，表示“同样地”。且位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Similarly。]
8．is covered [考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它的外表面覆盖着棕色、类似木质的条纹。空处是句子的谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语Its outside surface与谓语动词cover“覆盖”之间构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为单数名词，故be动词用is。故填is covered。]
9．to provide [考查非谓语动词。句意：正如清华大学的建筑师所说，这些条纹代表着森林，并被巧妙地用来为场馆内提供阴凉。be used to do sth．“被用来做某事”，固定短语，故空处需用动词不定式to provide表目的。故填to provide。]
10．their [考查代词。句意：北京和巴黎奥运会的体育场馆都展现出了它们独特的魅力——现代与历史、体育与文化的结合。修饰名词uniqueness，应用形容词性物主代词their，作定语。故填their。]
谢 谢！课时提升作业(五)
(UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ LESSON 2 & LESSON 3)
(总分：55分)
Ⅰ．单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．The coach is not sure whether Paul can play in ________ (防守).
2．When falling down in public，I felt very ________ (令人尴尬的)．
3．If you are feeling anxious，here are ten ways to ________ (缓解) anxiety without medicine．
4．These citizens were ________ (禁止) from travelling abroad．
5．To our ________ (失望)，he didn't pass the driving test yesterday．
Ⅱ．选词填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
in particular；cheer up；be capable of；warm up；be fed up with
1．The whole meal was good and the wine ________________ was excellent．
2．He knows I ______________ his increasingly unfunny and unintelligent comments．
3．________________！You still have time to try it again．
4．His classmates believe that he ________________ running a mile in four minutes．
5．We arrived just when the party was beginning to ________________．
Ⅲ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
For most of us，walking is something we do automatically．It doesn't require much effort，so many of us fail to remember the benefits of walking for health．
Physical activity doesn't need to be hard．Whether you're regularly active or not，even a quick ten-minute daily walk can deliver a host of health benefits．But what happens if we stop walking ahead and start challenging our brains and bodies by walking backwards Not only does this change of direction demand more of our attention，but it may also bring additional health benefits．
One of the most well studied benefits of walking backwards is improving stability and balance．Walking backwards can improve how a person walks and balance for healthy adults and those with knee problems．Walking backwards causes us to take shorter，more frequent steps，leading to improve the muscles of the lower legs．But the benefits of changing direction aren't just that—an interest in backward movement has led researchers to discover various other benefits．While normal walking can help us maintain a healthy weight，walking backwards may be even more effective．Energy expenditure when walking backwards is almost 40 percent higher than walking at the same speed forwards，with one study showing reductions in body fat for women who completed a six-week backward walk．
Walking backwards is simple，but that doesn't mean it's easy．So，how can you add walking backwards into your exercise plan When walking backwards，we're more likely to crash into something or fall over，so in the interest of safety，it's best to start indoors where you won't crash into someone or outside in a flat，open area．Look over your shoulder．Keep your head and chest upright while reaching back with your big toe for each step，rolling through the foot from toe to heel．Once you become more confident about walking backwards，you can begin to speed things up．
1．Why does the author mention“the benefits of walking” in the beginning
A．To introduce the benefits of walking．
B．To show people's lack of exercise．
C．To lead us to“walking backwards”．
D．To tell us the importance of walking．
2．What does the underlined word“expenditure” mean
A．Increase． B．Consumption．
C．Experiment． D．Construction．
3．What does the fourth paragraph talk about
A．When is safe to walk backwards
B．Why should we walk backwards
C．How can we start walking backwards
D．What's the weakness of walking backwards
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．Physical Activity Is Easy and Simple
B．Walking Backwards Is Really Good for You
C．Walking Doesn't Require Any Special Equipment
D．Walking Ahead Challenges Our Brains and Bodies
Ⅳ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Annie is a middle school student from South Derbyshire．Recently she was praised for 1 ￡3，800 she had found in an envelope lying in a 2 car park．
Last Sunday morning，Annie finished shopping．She was walking through the car park of Morrisons in Swadlincote when she saw something．She 3 it for a balloon，but it was actually an envelope．As she 4 over it with her trolley (手推车)，the envelope suddenly burst under the weight．To her surprise，she found a large amount of money．She picked it up and immediately 5 it to Derbyshire police．The money was 6 returned right after the 7 came forward to claim it．
Later，policemen from the Mercia Safer Neighbourhood Team visited 8 Annie to hand her a note of 9 from Derbyshire police．They also brought her flowers and a box of chocolates．She was even given some money．But she directly refused the 10 ．
11 to the visit from the police，Annie smiled，“When I saw much money burst out of the envelope，I felt amazed．I thought the one who 12 it must feel worried．I only did the right thing．” Officer Bob 13 Annie for her actions．He said，“Words cannot describe Annie．She is a truly 14 girl who deserves the thanks and praise of the whole community．We all should learn the quality of 15 from her．”
1．A．handing in B．getting in
C．applying for D．hunting for
2．A．company B．supermarket
C．factory D．police
3．A．admitted B．returned
C．mistook D．forgot
4．A．looked B．discussed
C．took D．ran
5．A．preferred B．reported
C．paid D．lent
6．A．safely B．hopelessly
C．hardly D．equally
7．A．partner B．giver
C．owner D．competitor
8．A．hard-working B．outgoing
C．absent-minded D．kind-hearted
9．A．aid B．invitation
C．thanks D．efforts
10．A．concern B．rewards
C．events D．goods
11．A．Responding B．Turning
C．Keeping D．Seeing
12．A．delivered B．picked
C．lost D．found
13．A．checked B．protected
C．prevented D．praised
14．A．amazing B．creative
C．terrible D．awkward
15．A．courage B．honesty
C．responsibility D．patience
Ⅴ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The Paris Olympics have turned the city's famous landmarks into sports venues (场馆)，1．________ (create) a culture-defining backdrop (背景) for the exciting events．This combination of architecture and 2．________ (compete) has left people with unforgettable memories．
One of the standout venues is the Esplanade des Invalides，3．________ large space outside the Hotel des Invalides that is hosting the archery (射箭) events．The hotel has a history dating back over 300 years，which originally served 4．________ a hospital for the wounded and retired soldiers．Today，it includes history museums and monuments，as well as the tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte．Watching 5．________ (athlete) draw their bows and release arrows 6．________ fly through the air against the backdrop of the ancient buildings is a sight to behold (看，看见)．
7．________ (similar)，the shooting hall for the 2008 Beijing Olympics was a wonder of architectural design．The two-story venue features innovative lighting，noise reduction and space design．Its outside surface 8．________ (cover) in brown，wood-like stripes (条纹)．As its architect from Tsinghua University said，the stripes represented a forest and were cleverly used 9．________ (provide) shade inside the venue．
Sports venues both at Beijing and Paris Olympics show 10．________ (they) uniqueness—a mixture of modernity and history，sport and culture．
课时提升作业(五)
Ⅰ．1．defence 2．awkward 3．relieve 4．prohibited 5．disappointment
Ⅱ．1．in particular 2．am fed up with 3．Cheer up 4．is capable of 5．warm up
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4
C B C B
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A B C D B A C D
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
C B A C D A B
Ⅴ．1．creating 2．competition 3．a 4．as 5．athletes 6．that/which 7．Similarly 8．is covered 9．to provide 10．Their
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了倒走的好处以及如何开始倒走。
1．C [推理判断题。根据第一段“For most of us，walking is something we do automatically．It doesn't require much effort，so many of us fail to remember the benefits of walking for health．”以及第二段中的“But what happens if we stop walking ahead and start challenging our brains and bodies by walking backwards Not only does this change of direction demand more of our attention，but it may also bring additional health benefits．”可推知，作者在开头提到“步行的好处”是为了引出“倒走”。故选C。]
2．B [词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“when walking backwards is almost 40 percent higher than walking at the same speed forwards，with one study showing reductions in body fat for women who completed a six-week backward walk．”可知，倒走比以同样速度向前走消耗的能量高出近40%，故画线词意思是“消耗”。故选B。]
3．C [段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，该段主要讲述了我们如何开始倒走。故选C。]
4．B [标题归纳题。根据第二段并结合全文可知，文章主要说明了倒走的好处以及如何开始倒走，B选项“倒着走真的对你有好处”最适合作文章标题。故选B。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自南德比郡的中学生Annie拾金不昧的事迹以及警方对她的表扬，并呼吁整个社区向她学习。
1．A [根据下文中的“The money was ________ returned right after the ________ came forward to claim it．”可知，Annie将捡到的钱“上交”而受到表扬。故选A项。]
2．B [根据下文中的“Last Sunday morning，Annie finished shopping．”可知，是在“超市”停车场发现的信封里的钱。故选B项。]
3．C [根据下文中的“it for a balloon，but it was actually an envelope”可知，她以为是一个气球，但实际上是一个信封。由此可知，“误以为”符合语境。故选C项。]
4．D [根据下文中的“with her trolley”可知，手推车“碾压”过去，run over意为“碾压”，符合语境。故选D项。]
5．B [根据常识和下文中的“Derbyshire police”可知，此处指的是马上“报告”给警察。故选B项。]
6．A [根据语境和常识可知，钱交给警方，失主来领取时，应该是“安全地”归还给失主。故选A项。]
7．C [根据语境以及下文中的“came forward to claim it”可知，来领取的应该是失主，也就是“物主”。故选C项。]
8．D [根据上文介绍的故事可知，Annie拾金不昧。由此可知，Annie是一个“善良的”孩子。故选D项。]
9．C [根据下文中的“She is a truly ________ girl who deserves the thanks and praise of the whole community．”可知，此处指的是给Annie的“感谢”信。故选C项。]
10．B [根据下文Annie对警方来访的回应“I only did the right thing．”可知，Annie认为自己只是做了一件正确的事情，所以此处应是拒绝了“奖励”。故选B项。]
11．A [根据下文中的“When I saw much money burst out of the envelope，I felt amazed．I thought the one who ________ it must feel worried．I only did the right thing．”可知，此处指的是Annie对警方的来访的“回应”。故选A项。]
12．C [根据常识及上文中的“When I saw much money burst out of the envelope，I felt amazed．”可知，信封中钱的金额很大，“丢失”这个信封的人一定很着急。故选C项。]
13．D [根据上文介绍的故事可知，Annie拾金不昧。由此可知，此处指的是Annie被“表扬”。故选D项。]
14．A [根据上文中的“Words cannot describe Annie．”可知，此处都是警官Bob对Annie的溢美之词，所以此处指Annie是“了不起的”女孩。故选A项。]
15．B [根据上文可知，Annie拾金不昧，这是一种“诚实”的美德。故选B项。]
Ⅴ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了巴黎奥运会将著名地标变为体育场馆，为激动人心的赛事创造了建筑与比赛的结合，给人们留下了难忘的回忆。
1．creating [考查非谓语动词。句意：巴黎奥运会将这座城市著名的地标变成了体育场馆，为这些激动人心的赛事创造了一个定义文化的背景。句中已有谓语have turned，空处需用动词-ing形式creating作伴随状语。故填creating。]
2．competition [考查名词。句意：建筑与竞赛的结合给人们留下了难忘的回忆。根据空前的“architecture and”可知，空处需用名词competition“竞赛”与“architecture”并列，作介词of的宾语，句中指的是“竞赛”这一概念，用单数形式。故填competition。]
3．a [考查冠词。句意：其中一个突出的场地是荣军院广场，它位于荣军院酒店外面，是射箭比赛的举办地。根据空后的“large space”可知，空处表泛指，需用不定冠词表示，且large的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。]
4．as [考查介词。句意：这家旅馆有300多年的历史，最初是作为伤兵和退役军人的医院。serve as“充当；作为……使用”，固定短语。故填as。]
5．athletes [考查名词复数。句意：看着运动员们拉弓射箭，箭矢在古代建筑的背景下在空中飞翔，是一道奇观。athlete“运动员”为可数名词，由后文“draw their bows and release arrows”可知，此处指不止一个运动员，应用复数形式。故填athletes。]
6．that/which [考查定语从句。句意：看着运动员们拉弓射箭，箭矢在古代建筑的背景下飞过，真是奇观。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词arrows，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。]
7．Similarly [考查副词。句意：同样，2008年北京奥运会的射击馆也是建筑设计的奇迹。空处需用副词similarly来修饰整个句子，作状语，表示“同样地”。且位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Similarly。]
8．is covered [考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它的外表面覆盖着棕色、类似木质的条纹。空处是句子的谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语Its outside surface与谓语动词cover“覆盖”之间构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为单数名词，故be动词用is。故填is covered。]
9．to provide [考查非谓语动词。句意：正如清华大学的建筑师所说，这些条纹代表着森林，并被巧妙地用来为场馆内提供阴凉。be used to do sth．“被用来做某事”，固定短语，故空处需用动词不定式to provide表目的。故填to provide。]
10．their [考查代词。句意：北京和巴黎奥运会的体育场馆都展现出了它们独特的魅力——现代与历史、体育与文化的结合。修饰名词uniqueness，应用形容词性物主代词their，作定语。故填their。]
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