Period 3 语言知识讲练
1．trap vt．困住；使陷于危险中 n．陷阱；阴谋
(1)be trapped in．．． 被困在……
trap sb．into doing sth． 诱骗某人做某事
(2)set/lay a trap 设置陷阱；布下圈套
fall/walk into a trap 落入陷阱/圈套
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Many people ________(trap) in buildings died before they could be rescued．
②I was trapped into ________(admit) I had done wrong．
③Mary set a trap for Peter and he really fell ________ it．
④他迟到是因为交通堵塞了。
He was late because he ________________________________．
2．attempt n． & vt． 努力，尝试，企图
(1)attempt to do sth． 试图/努力做某事
attempt doing sth． 试着做某事
(2)at the/one's first attempt 第一次尝试
in an attempt to do(sth．) 试图做某事
make an/no attempt to do(sth．) 企图做某事/没有做某事的企图
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①The students who are not successful _________the first attempt may take the exam again．
②I made no attempt ________(make) friends with her．
③The prisoners attempted an escape，but failed．
→The prisoners attempted ____________，but failed．
→The prisoners ____________________，but failed．
3．preparation n．准备，预备；配制品
(1)in preparation for 为……做准备
make preparations for 为……做准备
be in preparation 在准备中
(2)prepare v． 准备
prepare for sth． 为……做准备(强调动作)
be prepared for sth． 为……做好准备(强调状态)
prepare to do sth． 准备做某事
(3)prepared adj． 准备好的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Tom is studying ________ preparation for the next examination．
＝Tom is making ________(prepare) for the next examination．
②I'm not well prepared ________ the exam．I'm afraid I won't pass it．
③我们正在为晚会做准备。
We ________________________________ the party．
[名师点津] (1)preparation用作不可数名词时表示“准备，预备”，常用于in preparation (for sth．)短语中；
(2)用作可数名词时表示具体的“准备工作”，常与动词make连用，组成make preparations for短语。
4．anxiously adv．焦虑地；不安地
(1)be anxious about 为……担心/忧虑
be anxious for sth． 渴望得到某物
be anxious to do sth． 渴望做某事
be anxious for sb．to do sth． 渴望某人做某事
be anxious that sb．(should)do sth． 渴望某人做某事
(2)anxiety n． 忧虑，担忧
with anxiety 焦虑地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We are ________(anxious)awaiting the result of the medical tests．
②Peggy is anxious ________(show) that she can cope with extra responsibility．
③He was anxious that they ________(have) all they want．
④我很担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上很难入睡。
I'm ________________________________ that I can hardly fall asleep at night．
5．break down停止运转，出故障；精神崩溃；(身体)垮掉
break out 爆发；突然发生
break in 强行闯入；打断谈话
break up 破碎；解散；分手
break through 突破；冲破
break into 闯入；突然……起来
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Not long after his return，a local war broke_________ near his town．
②He broke ________ with some ideas of his own．
③如果你工作太努力，你的身体会垮掉的。
Your body ________________ if you work too hard．
6．carry on 继续
carry on 继续做某事
carry away 拿走
carry out 进行(实验)，实施(计划)，履行(义务、约定)
carry sb．through(sth．) 帮助某人渡过难关
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①You'll have an accident if you carry on ________(drive) like that．
②Whatever difficulty you will meet with，carry ________ your plan．
③Their faith and courage carried them ________．
④现在我们有手推车，我们可以继续工作了。
Now we have got a cart，we can ________________ our work．
7．measure vt．度量(大小、长短等)；测量；衡量，估量 n．措施；标准
take measures to do sth． 采取措施做某事
make．．．to one's own measure 根据某人的尺寸做……
be measured by/in．．． 用……来计算/衡量
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I have a room of my own，________(measure) 25×25 feet．
②My mother made me a pair of trousers ________ my own measure．
③该是我们采取措施保护濒危动物的时候了。
It is high time that we should ________________________．
[名师点津] 当measure表示“量起来有……长/高/宽……”时，是不及物动词，没有被动语态。
8．suffering n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨
(1)suffer vi． 遭受(痛苦)；感到疼痛
suffer from 受……的苦；遭受
suffer hunger 挨饿
(2)sufferer n． 受苦者；受难者
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He suffers a lot ________ his disability．
②The pains and ________(suffer) caused by the road accident were so great that the whole family couldn't live happily．
③我意识到他休克了。
I realised he was ________________ shock．
9．run out(of sth．)用完；耗尽；(某物)被用完
run into 碰撞；遇上；偶然遇到
run over (车辆)碾压；匆匆看一遍；浏览
run after 追逐；追求
run across 偶然遇见
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We went too fast round the corner and ran ________ a lamppost．
②He was run ________ and killed by a bus．
③The dog was running ________ a rabbit．
④问题是我们的钱已经用完了。
The problem is that we ________________．
[名师点津] “用完”的不同表达
run out of “用完”，是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，其主语一般是人，可用于被动语态；run out “用完”(＝become used up)，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词，不能用于被动语态；use up “用完”，是及物动词短语，主语一般是人。
10．distant adj．久远的；遥远的；不太友好的；冷漠的
distance n． 距离；远处
at a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远
in the distance 在远方
at a distance of．．． 在……远的地方
within walking distance 在步行可及的距离内
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The school is within easy walking ______(distant) of the train station．
②The figures _________the distance seemed to be drawing closer．
③火车站离我们学校两英里路程。
The railway station is ________________________________ from our school．
1．完全倒装
(教材P36) Then came the total darkness of the polar winter．
接着漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。
[句式分析]
本句是一个倒装句，主语是the total darkness of the polar winter，谓语动词为came。倒装的原因是句子的主语太长，为了保持句子平衡而把谓语动词came直接置于主语之前，这种倒装称为完全倒装。
使用完全倒装句的几种情况：
(1)在以here，there，then，now，out，in，up，down，away，ahead等副词开头的句子中，常使用完全倒装。但是如果句子的主语是代词，则句子不倒装。
(2)表示地点、时间的介词短语放在句首，主语较长且句子无宾语时，一般要倒装。
(3)为了平衡句子的结构，特别是当主语带有较长的修饰语，谓语部分较短时，更需要倒装。
(4)such置于句首时，such 多被认为是表语。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Under that tree ________(sit) a beautiful girl．
②Present at the conference ________(be) experts from all over the world．
③________ are the facts，no one can deny them．
④我们渴望的时刻终于到了。
________________ we had been looking forward to．
2．have＋sb．/sth．＋doing
(教材P36)He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis．
他用几队狗拉着雪橇，所有的人都装备了滑雪板。
[句式分析]
句中have teams of dogs pulling是“have＋sb．/sth．＋doing”结构。
(1)have sb．/sth．doing
动词-ing形式表示动作的进行和持续，宾语是动作的执行者。
(2)have sb．/sth．do
动词原形表示动作未完成，宾语是动作的执行者。
(3)have sb．/sth．done
过去分词表示动作已经完成，宾语是动作的承受者。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He had his favorite Alsatian dog ______(poison) and two other dogs in the household shot．
②She'll have you ________(do) all the housework if you're not careful．
③公主的新衣服将由一位年轻的裁缝来做。
The princess is going to ________________________ by a young tailor．
3．have difficulty (in) doing sth．
(教材P37)The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking．
接下来离开的是奥茨队长，他行走非常困难。
[句式分析]
句中have difficulty (in) doing sth．表示“做某事有困难”。
have some/much/great/little/no difficulty(in)doing/with sth．
＝there's some/much/great/little/no difficulty(in) doing/with sth．
做某事有一些/许多/很大/几乎没有/没有 困难
have a problem (in) doing sth． 做某事有问题
have a difficult time (in) doing sth． 做某事有困难
have fun (in) doing sth． 做某事很有趣；从做某事中获得乐趣
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Whenever we have difficulty ________ our study，our teachers help us patiently．
②Though I've learnt English for several years，I have some difficulty in ________(communicate) with foreigners．
③我费了好大的劲说服她离开。
I __________________________________ to leave．
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．He studied hard in an attempt ____________(pass) the exam．
2．It's time to take ________(measure) to stop illegal hunting．
3．They tried to save all the people ________(trap) under the ruins．
4．The team has been training hard in ______(prepare) for the big game．
5．I wonder why people are always in ________(anxious) when it is not difficult to be happy．
6．It is very inconvenient for him to go to school because the school is rather ______(distance) from his home．
7．No matter what happens, we should carry on _________our research．We should not back out．
8．Two robbers broke ________her home, held a knife to her throat and stole her savings．
9．They had great trouble in ________(get) in touch with their father abroad．
10．We ran out ________coal, and had to burn wood．
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．汤姆从马上掉下来时，腿受伤了。
Tom ________________________ when he dropped off the horse．
2．终于有一刻，我在想我什么时候可以停止这一切。
_________________________when I wondered where I would end up．
3．来自深圳的聪明男孩小凡以前很难准时起床。
Xiaofan, a smart boy from Shenzhen, used to ________________________________．
4．他们把酒喝完了，但实际上这对我来说无所谓，因为我不喝酒。
________________________，which actually didn't bother me because I wasn't drinking alcohol．
5．乔治真诚地希望他的儿子可以找到幸福和安全感。
George was sincerely anxious that ________________________________．
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
On 1 June，1910，Captain Robert Falcon Scott began his journey 1.__ Antarctica.At the same time，the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was also going south.During the polar summer，both teams organised food bases in 2.___________ (prepare) for their journeys.Amundsen reached Antarctica first.Then he prepared for the return journey.Scott 3._______(final) arrived at the Pole.They 4.____________ (shock) when they saw the Norwegian flag.Scott wrote in his diary：“Well，we have turned our back now on the goal of our ambition and must face our 800 miles of solid dragging—and good-bye to most of the 5._________ (daydream)．”
The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration.The weather conditions were terrible.Scott realised their 6.________ (hope) situation: “...we are unendingly cheerful，7.___ what each man feels in his heart I can only guess ...”Then a terrible storm started.Scott spent some of his last hours 8._______ (write)．He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife.The news of Scott's death shocked 9.___ world.He had failed to win the race to the Pole，but the extraordinary courage 10._____ (show) by Captain Scott and his men made them heroes.
Period 3
核心词汇
1．①trapped ②admitting ③into ④was trapped in the traffic jam
2．①at ②to make ③to escape；made an attempt to escape
3．①in；preparations ②for ③are making preparations for/are preparing for
4．①anxiously ②to show ③(should) have ④so anxious about the coming exam
5．①out ②in ③will break down
6．①driving ②out ③through ④carry on with
7．①measuring ②to ③take measures to protect endangered animals
8．①from ②sufferings ③suffering from
9．①into ②over ③after ④have run out of money
10．①distance ②in ③at a distance of two miles
句法句式
1．①sits ②were ③Such ④Then came the hour
2．①poisoned ②doing ③have her new clothes made
3．①with ②communicating ③had great difficulty (in) persuading her
巩固落实
Ⅰ．1．to pass 2．measures 3．trapped 4．preparation
5．anxiety 6．distant 7．with 8．into 9．getting 10．of
Ⅱ．1．had his leg injured 2．Then came a moment 3．have difficulty in getting up on time 4．They ran out of drink
5．his son should find happiness and security
Ⅲ．1．to 2．preparation 3．finally 4．were shocked
5．daydreams 6．hopeless 7．but 8．writing 9．the 10．shown
8 / 8(共41张PPT)
Period 3
UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE
主题语境
人与自然——人类社会生存、社会发展与环境的关系
Section Ⅱ LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
(1)be trapped in... 被困在……
trap sb．into doing sth． 诱骗某人做某事
(2)set/lay a trap 设置陷阱；布下圈套
fall/walk into a trap 落入陷阱/圈套
课时学案 语言知识讲练
1．trap vt．困住；使陷于危险中 n．陷阱；阴谋
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Many people _______(trap) in buildings died before they could be rescued．
②I was trapped into _________(admit) I had done wrong．
③Mary set a trap for Peter and he really fell ____ it．
④他迟到是因为交通堵塞了。
He was late because he ________________________．
trapped
admitting
into
was trapped in the traffic jam
(1)attempt to do sth． 试图/努力做某事
attempt doing sth． 试着做某事
(2)at the/one's first attempt 第一次尝试
in an attempt to do(sth．) 试图做某事
make an/no attempt to do(sth．)
企图做某事/没有做某事的企图
2．attempt n． & vt． 努力，尝试，企图
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①The students who are not successful ___the first attempt may take the exam again．
②I made no attempt _______(make) friends with her．
③The prisoners attempted an escape，but failed．
→The prisoners attempted ________，but failed．
→The prisoners ______________________，but failed．
at
to make
to escape
made an attempt to escape
(1)in preparation for 为……做准备
make preparations for 为……做准备
be in preparation 在准备中
(2)prepare v． 准备
prepare for sth． 为……做准备(强调动作)
be prepared for sth． 为……做好准备(强调状态)
prepare to do sth． 准备做某事
(3)prepared adj． 准备好的
3．preparation n．准备，预备；配制品
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Tom is studying __ preparation for the next examination．
＝Tom is making ___________(prepare) for the next examination．
②I'm not well prepared ___ the exam．I'm afraid I won't pass it．
③我们正在为晚会做准备。
We _____________________________________ the party．
in
preparations
for
are making preparations for/are preparing for
[名师点津] (1)preparation用作不可数名词时表示“准备，预备”，常用于in preparation (for sth．)短语中；
(2)用作可数名词时表示具体的“准备工作”，常与动词make连用，组成make preparations for短语。
(1)be anxious about 为……担心/忧虑
be anxious for sth． 渴望得到某物
be anxious to do sth． 渴望做某事
be anxious for sb．to do sth． 渴望某人做某事
be anxious that sb．(should)do sth．
渴望某人做某事
(2)anxiety n． 忧虑，担忧
with anxiety 焦虑地
4．anxiously adv．焦虑地；不安地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We are _________(anxious)awaiting the result of the medical tests．
②Peggy is anxious _______(show) that she can cope with extra responsibility．
③He was anxious that they ____________(have) all they want．
④我很担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上很难入睡。
I'm _____________________________ that I can hardly fall asleep at night．
anxiously
to show
(should) have
so anxious about the coming exam
break out 爆发；突然发生
break in 强行闯入；打断谈话
break up 破碎；解散；分手
break through 突破；冲破
break into 闯入；突然……起来
5．break down 停止运转，出故障；精神崩溃；(身体)垮掉
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Not long after his return，a local war broke____ near his town．
②He broke __ with some ideas of his own．
③如果你工作太努力，你的身体会垮掉的。
Your body ______________ if you work too hard．
out
in
will break down
carry on
继续做某事
carry away 拿走
carry out 进行(实验)，实施(计划)，履行(义 务、约定)
carry sb．through(sth．) 帮助某人渡过难关
6．carry on 继续
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①You'll have an accident if you carry on _______(drive) like that．
②Whatever difficulty you will meet with，carry ___ your plan．
③Their faith and courage carried them _______．
④现在我们有手推车，我们可以继续工作了。
Now we have got a cart，we can ____________ our work．
driving
out
through
carry on with
take measures to do sth． 采取措施做某事
make...to one's own measure 根据某人的尺寸做……
be measured by/in... 用……来计算/衡量
7．measure vt．度量(大小、长短等)；测量；衡量，估量 n．措施；标准
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I have a room of my own，_________(measure) 25×25 feet．
②My mother made me a pair of trousers __ my own measure．
③该是我们采取措施保护濒危动物的时候了。
It is high time that we should _________________________________．
[名师点津] 当measure表示“量起来有……长/高/宽……”时，是不及物动词，没有被动语态。
measuring
to
take measures to protect endangered animals
(1)suffer vi． 遭受(痛苦)；感到疼痛
suffer from 受……的苦；遭受
suffer hunger 挨饿
(2)sufferer n． 受苦者；受难者
8．suffering n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He suffers a lot ____ his disability．
②The pains and __________(suffer) caused by the road accident were so great that the whole family couldn't live happily．
③我意识到他休克了。
I realised he was _____________ shock．
from
sufferings
suffering from
run into 碰撞；遇上；偶然遇到
run over (车辆)碾压；匆匆看一遍；浏览
run after 追逐；追求
run across 偶然遇见
9．run out(of sth．)用完；耗尽；(某物)被用完
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We went too fast round the corner and ran ____ a lamppost．
②He was run ____ and killed by a bus．
③The dog was running _____ a rabbit．
④问题是我们的钱已经用完了。
The problem is that we ___________________．
into
over
after
have run out of money
[名师点津] “用完”的不同表达
run out of “用完”，是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，其主语一般是人，可用于被动语态；run out “用完”(＝become used up)，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词，不能用于被动语态；use up “用完”，是及物动词短语，主语一般是人。
distance n． 距离；远处
at a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远
in the distance 在远方
at a distance of... 在……远的地方
within walking distance 在步行可及的距离内
10．distant adj．久远的；遥远的；不太友好的；冷漠的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The school is within easy walking ________(distant) of the train station．
②The figures ___the distance seemed to be drawing closer．
③火车站离我们学校两英里路程。
The railway station is ______________________ from our school．
distance
in
at a distance of two miles
(教材P36) Then came the total darkness of the polar winter．
接着漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。
1．完全倒装
[句式分析]
本句是一个倒装句，主语是the total darkness of the polar winter，谓语动词为came。倒装的原因是句子的主语太长，为了保持句子平衡而把谓语动词came直接置于主语之前，这种倒装称为完全倒装。
使用完全倒装句的几种情况：
(1)在以here，there，then，now，out，in，up，down，away，ahead等副词开头的句子中，常使用完全倒装。但是如果句子的主语是代词，则句子不倒装。
(2)表示地点、时间的介词短语放在句首，主语较长且句子无宾语
时，一般要倒装。
(3)为了平衡句子的结构，特别是当主语带有较长的修饰语，谓语部分较短时，更需要倒装。
(4)such置于句首时，such 多被认为是表语。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Under that tree ____(sit) a beautiful girl．
②Present at the conference ____(be) experts from all over the world．
③____ are the facts，no one can deny them．
④我们渴望的时刻终于到了。
_________________ we had been looking forward to．
sits
were
Such
Then came the hour
(教材P36)He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis．
他用几队狗拉着雪橇，所有的人都装备了滑雪板。
2．have＋sb．/sth．＋doing
[句式分析]
句中have teams of dogs pulling是“have＋sb．/sth．＋doing”结构。
(1)have sb．/sth．doing
动词-ing形式表示动作的进行和持续，宾语是动作的执行者。
(2)have sb．/sth．do
动词原形表示动作未完成，宾语是动作的执行者。
(3)have sb．/sth．done
过去分词表示动作已经完成，宾语是动作的承受者。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He had his favorite Alsatian dog ________(poison) and two other dogs in the household shot．
②She'll have you _____(do) all the housework if you're not careful．
③公主的新衣服将由一位年轻的裁缝来做。
The princess is going to ______________________ by a young tailor．
poisoned
doing
have her new clothes made
(教材P37)The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking．
接下来离开的是奥茨队长，他行走非常困难。
3．have difficulty (in) doing sth．
[句式分析]
句中have difficulty (in) doing sth．表示“做某事有困难”。
have some/much/great/little/no difficulty(in)doing/with sth．
＝there's some/much/great/little/no difficulty(in)doing/with sth．
做某事有一些/许多/很大/几乎没有/没有困难
have a problem (in) doing sth． 做某事有问题
have a difficult time (in) doing sth．
做某事有困难
have fun (in) doing sth． 做某事很有趣；从做某事中获得
乐趣
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Whenever we have difficulty ____ our study，our teachers help us patiently．
②Though I've learnt English for several years，I have some difficulty in _____________(communicate) with foreigners．
③我费了好大的劲说服她离开。
I ________________________________ to leave．
with
communicating
had great difficulty (in) persuading her
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．He studied hard in an attempt _______(pass) the exam．
2．It's time to take ________(measure) to stop illegal hunting．
3．They tried to save all the people _______(trap) under the ruins．
4．The team has been training hard in __________(prepare) for the big game．
to pass
measures
trapped
preparation
5．I wonder why people are always in _______(anxious) when it is not difficult to be happy．
6．It is very inconvenient for him to go to school because the school is rather _______(distance) from his home．
7．No matter what happens, we should carry on _____our research．We should not back out．
8．Two robbers broke _____her home, held a knife to her throat and stole her savings．
anxiety
distant
with
into
9．They had great trouble in _______(get) in touch with their father abroad．
10．We ran out ___coal, and had to burn wood．
getting
of
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．汤姆从马上掉下来时，腿受伤了。
Tom ________________ when he dropped off the horse．
2．终于有一刻，我在想我什么时候可以停止这一切。
___________________when I wondered where I would end up．
3．来自深圳的聪明男孩小凡以前很难准时起床。
Xiaofan, a smart boy from Shenzhen, used to ______________________
______．
had his leg injured
Then came a moment
have difficulty in getting up
on time
4．他们把酒喝完了，但实际上这对我来说无所谓，因为我不喝酒。
__________________，which actually didn't bother me because I wasn't drinking alcohol．
5．乔治真诚地希望他的儿子可以找到幸福和安全感。
George was sincerely anxious that _______________________________
_______．
They ran out of drink
his son should find happiness and
security
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
On 1 June，1910，Captain Robert Falcon Scott began his journey 1.__ Antarctica.At the same time，the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was also going south.During the polar summer，both teams organised food bases in 2.___________ (prepare) for their journeys.Amundsen reached Antarctica first.Then he prepared for the return journey.Scott 3._______(final) arrived at the Pole.They 4.____________ (shock) when they saw the Norwegian flag.Scott wrote in his diary：“Well，we have turned our back now on the goal of our ambition and must face our 800 miles of solid dragging—and good-bye to most of the 5._________ (daydream)．”
to
preparation
finally
were shocked
daydreams
The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration.The weather conditions were terrible.Scott realised their 6.________ (hope) situation: “…we are unendingly cheerful，7.___ what each man feels in his heart I can only guess …”Then a terrible storm started.Scott spent some of his last hours 8._______ (write)．He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife.The news of Scott's death shocked 9.___ world.He had failed to win the race to the Pole，but the extraordinary courage 10._____ (show) by Captain Scott and his men made them heroes.
hopeless
but
writing
the
shown
THANKS
