Period 4 单元语法讲练
同义词和反义词
一、同义词分类
1．绝对同义词
指的是两个或两个以上的词或短语有完全相同的语义，任何情况下都可以互换使用。此类同义词很少，大多为专业术语，如mother language和native language可以互换使用，意义没有区别。
2．相对同义词
指的是含义基本相同，在程度、范围或用法上有细微的差别，一般在句子中不能替换使用。例如：
(1)imagine, guess, suppose
imagine意为“想象，幻想”，指在脑海中形成一个清晰明确的印象，或认为某事物可能发生或存在。
guess“猜测”，指未知前的猜测。
suppose “想象，推测”，意指“假定或假设中的情形”。
(2) attend，join，take part in
attend指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，去上课，上学，听报告等。句子的主语只是去听、去看，自己不一定起积极作用。
join指加入某个党派、团体组织等，成为其成员之一，意为“参军，入团，入党”等。
take part in指积极参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。
二、反义词分类
1．词根反义词
指的是不同词根构成的反义词。例如：
success和failure，war和peace，cold和hot，busy和free，danger和safety，dark和bright等。
2．派生反义词
由派生构成的反义词。此类反义词一般是加否定前缀或否定后缀构成。
(1)否定前缀
①dis-主要加在名词、形容词、动词之前，这样的词有disadvantage缺点，dishonorable不光彩的，disagree不同意，disappear消失，disarm解除武装，disconnect切断等；
②in-常加在形容词、名词之前，这样的词有incorrect不正确的，inability无能、无力，inaccurate不准确的等；
③im-加在字母m，b，p之前，这样的词有impossible不可能的，impolite不礼貌的；
④il-主要加在以l开头的单词的前边，这样的词有illegal非法的，illiterate文盲的，illogical不合逻辑的等；
⑤ir-放在以r开头的英语单词前面，比如irregular不规则的，irresistible不可抵抗的，irresolvable不能解决的等；
⑥un-主要放于名词、形容词、副词前面，这样的词有unfinished未完成的，undoubted无疑的，unemployment失业等；
⑦non-加在形容词、名词前，以non-为否定前缀的词有non-existence不存在，non-essential不重要的，non-electrical非电的等；
⑧mis-加在动词、名词前，这样的词有misunderstand误解，misjudge误判，misleading误导的，misfortune不幸等；
⑨de-加在名词、形容词前，这样的词有demobilize使退伍、使复员，decolor 脱色、漂白等；
⑩anti-加在名词、形容词前边，这样的词有antisocial危害社会的、反社会的等。
(2)否定后缀
英语中有三个否定后缀：-less，-free，-proof。
①-less后缀，这样的词有homeless，hopeless，endless等；
②-free后缀，如fat-free milk 脱脂牛奶，sugar-free dessert 无糖甜点，wrinkle-free pants 无皱裤，hands-free device 免提装置等；
③-proof后缀一般表示“防……的”，这样的词有waterproof防水的， rainproof 防雨的，airproof不透气的等。
[即时训练] 单句语法填空
①I've had enough of their ________(end) arguing．
②Some people think it is ________(polite) to ask someone's age．
③One major ________(advantage) of the area is the lack of public transport．
短文语境填空
I 1．____________(agree) with your plan because it is 2．____________(proper) to have these little children do such dangerous work．They are too young 3．____________(employ)．So it is 4．____________(legal) to get them to work in the factory．5．__________(fortunately), I found there were many children 6．____________(work) there．They were 7．____________(able) to get enough sleep and rest．It is 8．____________(bearable) that they were afraid of express their 9．____________(satisfaction) to you．The government leaders had express their 10．____________(approve)．
Period 4
单元语法
即时训练 ①endless ②impolite ③disadvantage
巩固落实
短文语境填空
1．disagree 2．improper 3．to be employed 4．illegal
5．Unfortunately 6．working 7．unable 8．unbearable
9．dissatisfaction 10．disapproval
1 / 3(共52张PPT)
Period 4
UNIT 6 THE ADMIRABLE
主题语境
人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物
Section Ⅱ LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
同义词和反义词
一、同义词分类
1．绝对同义词
指的是两个或两个以上的词或短语有完全相同的语义，任何情况下都可以互换使用。此类同义词很少，大多为专业术语，如mother language和native language可以互换使用，意义没有区别。
课时学案 单元语法讲练
2．相对同义词
指的是含义基本相同，在程度、范围或用法上有细微的差别，一般在句子中不能替换使用。例如：
(1)imagine, guess, suppose
imagine意为“想象，幻想”，指在脑海中形成一个清晰明确的印象，或认为某事物可能发生或存在。
guess“猜测”，指未知前的猜测。
suppose “想象，推测”，意指“假定或假设中的情形”。
(2) attend，join，take part in
attend指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，去上课，上学，听报告等。句子的主语只是去听、去看，自己不一定起积极作用。
join指加入某个党派、团体组织等，成为其成员之一，意为“参军，入团，入党”等。
take part in指积极参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。
二、反义词分类
1．词根反义词
指的是不同词根构成的反义词。例如：
success和failure，war和peace，cold和hot，busy和free，danger和safety，dark和bright等。
2．派生反义词
由派生构成的反义词。此类反义词一般是加否定前缀或否定后缀构成。
(1)否定前缀
①dis-主要加在名词、形容词、动词之前，这样的词有disadvantage缺点，dishonorable不光彩的，disagree不同意，disappear消失，disarm解除武装，disconnect切断等；
②in-常加在形容词、名词之前，这样的词有incorrect不正确的，inability无能、无力，inaccurate不准确的等；
③im-加在字母m，b，p之前，这样的词有impossible不可能的，impolite不礼貌的；
④il-主要加在以l开头的单词的前边，这样的词有illegal非法的，illiterate文盲的，illogical不合逻辑的等；
⑤ir-放在以r开头的英语单词前面，比如irregular不规则的，irresistible不可抵抗的，irresolvable不能解决的等；
⑥un-主要放于名词、形容词、副词前面，这样的词有unfinished未完成的，undoubted无疑的，unemployment失业等；
⑦non-加在形容词、名词前，以non-为否定前缀的词有non-existence不存在，non-essential不重要的，non-electrical非电的等；
⑧mis-加在动词、名词前，这样的词有misunderstand误解，misjudge误判，misleading误导的，misfortune不幸等；
⑨de-加在名词、形容词前，这样的词有demobilize使退伍、使复员，decolor 脱色、漂白等；
⑩anti-加在名词、形容词前边，这样的词有antisocial危害社会的、反社会的等。
(2)否定后缀
英语中有三个否定后缀：-less，-free，-proof。
①-less后缀，这样的词有homeless，hopeless，endless等；
②-free后缀，如fat-free milk 脱脂牛奶，sugar-free dessert 无糖甜点，wrinkle-free pants 无皱裤，hands-free device 免提装置等；
③-proof后缀一般表示“防……的”，这样的词有waterproof防水的， rainproof 防雨的，airproof不透气的等。
[即时训练] 单句语法填空
①I've had enough of their _______(end) arguing．
②Some people think it is ________(polite) to ask someone's age．
③One major ____________(advantage) of the area is the lack of public transport．
endless
impolite
disadvantage
短文语境填空
I 1．_______(agree) with your plan because it is 2．________
(proper) to have these little children do such dangerous work．They are too young 3．______________(employ)．So it is 4．________(legal) to get them to work in the factory． 5．_____________ (fortunately),
I found there were many children 6．_______(work) there．They were 7．______(able) to get enough sleep and rest．It is 8．__________(bearable) that they were afraid of express their 9．_____________(satisfaction) to you．The government leaders had express their 10．___________(approve)．
disagree
improper
to be employed
illegal
Unfortunately
working
unable
unbearable
dissatisfaction
disapproval
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．People's _________(意识)of healthy eating has increased in recent years．
2．A career as an actor requires one hundred percent ___________(投入)．
3．Sometimes it is difficult to _______(参加)a shy person in the chatting．
4．The gloves were ________(设计)for extremely cold climate．
5．He's a strong ________(提倡者)of learning Chinese rather than English．
课时分层作业(八)
awareness
commitment
engage
designed
advocate
Ⅱ．短语填空
pass away; try out for; a range of; be regarded as; due to
1．Chess has long _______________ a measure of brain power．
2．______ an epidemic, the sports meet have been put off．
3．That player should have __________ the Olympic 100 meters team．
4．He answered_________ questions, which impressed the listeners a lot．
5．The famous film star unfortunately ___________ last year．
been regarded as
Due to
tried out for
a range of
passed away
Ⅲ．阅读理解
“Twinkle, twinkle, little star, how I wonder what you are ...”
The sweet sound of the well-known childhood song came out of the village office in Gaozhuang in Zhongwei, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region．Inside, a small group of children were learning to play the guitar with Song Hao, deputy curator(副馆长) of Zhongwei Museum．
Song was born into an artistic family．He received strict musical training as a child and was quite good at playing the guitar and composing music．He had a wish to do what he could with his own music to make the world a brighter place for the children．In June last year, he found an opportunity to turn that wish into reality．
He was chosen to take part in rural vitalization(振兴) work in Gaozhuang for two years, and in his spare time, he started teaching village children to play the guitar．
“There's something really magical about music，” he said, remembering that when he played for the children, many had twinkles in their eyes．
Song asked them if they wanted to learn to play, and they all said “Yes”， so he started a free class to teach them on weekends and during the summer and winter holidays．He paid for 20 guitars and music textbooks from his own pocket and began to teach them the basics, like how to pluck(弹拨) the strings and read music．
The children loved the classes so much that they would arrive at the village office early to wait for Song．Over the past six months, a number of children have learned to play entire pieces, and Song said that he could feel the happiness and confidence that learning to play music had brought to them．
Shen Mingyi, Shen Huihong's father, spoke highly of Song and his guitar class, saying that his daughter had become more extroverted as a result．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。宋浩从小出生于艺术世家，擅长弹奏吉他和编曲，希望能够通过自己的音乐给孩子们带来更光明的世界。去年他有幸被选中参加了农村振兴工作，利用业余时间免费教授孩子们弹吉他，深受孩子们喜爱，他也实现了自己的愿望。
1．What did Song Hao do during his spare time in Gaozhuang
A．He held concerts in the village．
B．He went sightseeing with village school．
C．He helped to build the village school．
D．He taught village children to play the guitar．
√
D [细节理解题。根据第四段“He was chosen to take part in rural vitalization work in Gaozhuang for two years, and in his spare time, he started teaching village children to play the guitar．”可知，宋浩在高庄用业余时间教乡村孩子弹吉他。故选D。]
2．What made the children go to the guitar classes early
A．The school rules．
B．The teacher's plan．
C．Their love for the classes．
D．Their parents' requirements．
√
C [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The children loved the classes so much that they would arrive at the village office early to wait for Song．”可知，孩子们早早去上吉他课的动力是来自他们对课程的热爱。故选C。]
3．What does the underlined word “extroverted” mean in the last paragraph
A．Polite． B．Outgoing．
C．Anxious． D．Confused．
B [词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Song said that he could feel the happiness and confidence that learning to play music had brought to them”和画线词前“Shen Mingyi, Shen Huihong's father, spoke highly of Song and his guitar class...”可知，宋浩的吉他课使孩子们变得更加乐观和自信，从而更加外向。故选B。]
√
4．Which of the following can best describe Song Hao
A．Selfless． B．Humorous．
C．Honest． D．Brave．
A [推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第四段中“...in his spare time, he started teaching village children to play the guitar．”和第六段中“so he started a free class to teach them”及“He paid for 20 guitars and music textbooks from his own pocket ”可推断，宋浩不惜牺牲个人时间和金钱无偿教孩子们弹吉他，他是无私的。故选A。]
√
Ⅳ．完形填空
A boy was sent to the wisest man，who lived on a beautiful castle high on the mountain, to learn the secret of happiness．
On entering the hall of the castle, the boy saw the wise man talking with everyone there, and the boy had to 1 for two hours before it was his turn to get his attention．Later, the wise man listened 2 and then suggested that the boy look around the palace and return in two hours to get the 3 ．Meanwhile, the wise man handed the boy a teaspoon that held two drops of 4 ．As you wander around, carry this spoon with you without allowing the oil to 5 ．
The boy began climbing and walking down many of the stairways of the palace，keeping his eyes 6 on the spoon．After two hours, he returned to the 7 where the wise man was．“Did you see the Persian tapestries (壁毯) that are hanging in my dining hall Did you see the garden that took the master gardener ten years to create ” 8 the wise man．The boy was 9 ．He had observed nothing．His only 10 had been not to spill the oil．“Then go back and observe the wonders of my world，” smiled the wise man．
11 ， the boy picked up the spoon and returned to his exploration of the palace．He saw all of the works of art on the ceilings and the ， the gardens, and the mountains all around him．Upon returning to the wise man, he told 13 everything he had seen．“But where are the drops of oil？” asked the wise man．Looking down at the spoon he held, the boy saw that the oil was 14 ．The wise man said, “The secret of happiness is to see all the marvels of the world and never to the drops of oil on the spoon．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个小男孩去智者那里询问幸福的秘诀，智者通过让男孩拿着装有油滴的茶匙四处走动两回，来告诉男孩幸福的秘诀是看遍世界上所有的奇迹，而永远没忘记勺子上的油滴。
1．A．hold B．listen
C．watch D．wait
D [根据后文“for two hours before it was his turn to get his attention”可知，男孩等了两个小时才引起智者的注意。故选D。]
√
2．A．carelessly B．attentively
C．sorrowfully D．clearly
B [根据后文“and then suggested that the boy look around the palace and return in two hours”可知，智者先是仔细地听了男孩的请求。故选B。]
√
3．A．exploration B．acceptance
C．explanation D．recognition
C [根据第一段中“to learn the secret of happiness”这里指幸福秘诀的解释。故选C。]
√
4．A．water B．oil
C．salt D．tea
B [根据后文“allowing the oil to”可知，茶匙里是油。故选B。]
√
5．A．spill B．destroy
C．fall D．disappear
A [根据前文“carry this spoon with you without allowing the oil to”以及下文的描述可知，智者让男孩带着茶匙，不要让油洒出来。故选A。]
√
6．A．tied B．added
C．fixed D．dragged
C [根据前文“keeping his eyes”可知，眼睛一直盯着茶匙，应用动词fix。故选C。]
√
7．A．hall B．bedroom
C．castle D．office
A [这里呼应前文中“On entering the hall of the castle”，指男孩回到智者所在的大厅。故选A。]
√
8．A．ordered B．replied
C．forgave D．asked
D [根据前文“Did you see the Persian tapestries that are hanging in my dining hall Did you see the garden that took the master gardener ten years to create？”可知，智者问了两个问题。故选D。]
√
9．A．amazed B．ashamed
C．delighted D．satisfied
B [根据后文“He had observed nothing．”可知，小男孩很羞愧，他什么都没看见。故选B。]
√
10．A．expression B．patience
C．concern D．question
C [根据后文“had been not to spill the oil”可知，男孩唯一关心的是不要让油洒了。故选C。]
√
11．A．Relieved B．Bored
C．Angry D．Hopeless
A [前文“Then go back and observe the wonders of my world”提到智者让男孩再去观察，可知智者没有责怪他，男孩松了一口气。故选A。]
√
12．A．floors B．tables
C．doors D．walls
D [根据前后文分析可知，这里指看墙壁上的艺术品。故选D。]
√
13．A．in return B．in detail
C．in general D．in public
B [根据后文“everything he had seen”可知这里指详细讲述看到的一切。故选B。]
√
14．A．gone B．filled
C．melted D．obtained
A [根据前文“But where are the drops of oil？”可知，茶匙里的油不见了。故选A。]
√
15．A．remember B．keep
C．forget D．hold
C [根据后文“the drops of oil on the spoon”可知这里指永远不要忘记茶匙上的油滴。故选C。]
√
Ⅴ．语法填空
I like a boarding school because not only can I learn to be 1．__________(dependent) by arranging my study and campus life on my own，but I will also become mentally mature more 2．______(quick) by getting along with my roommates and peers．
One day，my roommates Lisa and Andrea said to me，“You know，Mary，the only reason Sarah starts on the basketball team is 3．____ the coach likes her．” 4．________ hearing this，Sarah's heart sank．She did not attack them back．Instead，she told
independent
quickly
that
On/Upon
them the 5．_____ (true) directly and that they had hurt her．Lisa felt 6．________(shame) for spreading rumours and Andrea was speechless．It was Sarah's proper 7．________(behave) that prevented her from being harmed，8．______ might otherwise turn into a dorm conflict．They both 9．__________ (apologize) to Sarah and they became friends again．From the story，I firmly believe that only with wisdom，tolerance and a good sense，will we effectively avoid conflicts with peers and thus create a peaceful and 10．________(value) relationship in school．
truth
ashamed
behaviour
which
apologized
Valuable
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的同学合理地处理与其他同学的冲突的故事。
1．independent [考查形容词。句意：我喜欢寄宿学校，因为我不仅可以通过自己安排学习和校园生活来学会独立，而且通过与室友和同龄人相处，我的心智也会更快地成熟。此空用形容词作表语，根据句意“独立的”，故填independent。]
2．quickly [考查副词。句意参见上题。此空副词比较级修饰动词become，前已有more，故填quickly。]
3．that [考查名词性从句。句意：Mary，你知道Sarah开始参加篮球队的唯一原因是教练喜欢她。根据the reason (why) is that...，可知此处用that引导表语从句，故填that。]
4．On/Upon [考查介词。句意：Sarah一听这话，心就沉了下去。on/upon＋doing/n．表示“一……就”，符合句意，且位于句首，首字母大写，故填On/Upon。]
5．truth [考查名词。句意：相反，她直接告诉她们真相，说她们伤害了她。此空是told后的宾语，应用true的名词形式truth，the truth表示“事实；真相”，故填truth。]
6．ashamed [考查形容词。句意：Lisa为散布谣言感到羞耻，Andrea说不出话来。此空用形容词作系动词felt的表语，ashamed“羞愧的”，符合句意，故填ashamed。]
7．behaviour [考查名词。句意：正是Sarah得体的行为使她免受伤害，否则可能会变成宿舍冲突。此句用到强调句型，强调句子的主语，空处用名词behaviour作主语，表示“行为；举止”，是不可数名词，故填behaviour。]
8．which [考查定语从句。句意参见上题。分析句子结构以及句意可知，空格引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面一句话，从句中缺主语，应用关系代词。故填which。]
9．apologized [考查时态。句意：她们都向Sarah道歉，她们又成了朋友。此空是谓语动词，且描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，故填apologized。]
10．valuable [考查形容词。句意：从这个故事中，我坚信只有用智慧、宽容和良好的判断力，才能有效避免与同龄人的冲突，从而在学校里创造一种平和而珍贵的关系。此空是形容词作定语，修饰名词relationship，valuable“珍贵的”符合句意，故填valuable。]
THANKS课时分层作业(八)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．People's ________(意识)of healthy eating has increased in recent years．
2．A career as an actor requires one hundred percent ________(投入)．
3．Sometimes it is difficult to ________(参加)a shy person in the chatting．
4．The gloves were ________(设计)for extremely cold climate．
5．He's a strong ________(提倡者)of learning Chinese rather than English．
Ⅱ．短语填空
pass away; try out for; a range of; be regarded as; due to
1．Chess has long ________________ a measure of brain power．
2．________________ an epidemic, the sports meet have been put off．
3．That player should have ________________ the Olympic 100 meters team．
4．He answered_________________ questions, which impressed the listeners a lot．
5．The famous film star unfortunately ________________ last year．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
“Twinkle, twinkle, little star, how I wonder what you are ．．．”
The sweet sound of the well-known childhood song came out of the village office in Gaozhuang in Zhongwei, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region．Inside, a small group of children were learning to play the guitar with Song Hao, deputy curator(副馆长) of Zhongwei Museum．
Song was born into an artistic family．He received strict musical training as a child and was quite good at playing the guitar and composing music．He had a wish to do what he could with his own music to make the world a brighter place for the children．In June last year, he found an opportunity to turn that wish into reality．
He was chosen to take part in rural vitalization(振兴) work in Gaozhuang for two years, and in his spare time, he started teaching village children to play the guitar．
“There's something really magical about music，” he said, remembering that when he played for the children, many had twinkles in their eyes．
Song asked them if they wanted to learn to play, and they all said “Yes”， so he started a free class to teach them on weekends and during the summer and winter holidays．He paid for 20 guitars and music textbooks from his own pocket and began to teach them the basics, like how to pluck(弹拨) the strings and read music．
The children loved the classes so much that they would arrive at the village office early to wait for Song．Over the past six months, a number of children have learned to play entire pieces, and Song said that he could feel the happiness and confidence that learning to play music had brought to them．
Shen Mingyi, Shen Huihong's father, spoke highly of Song and his guitar class, saying that his daughter had become more extroverted_as a result．
1．What did Song Hao do during his spare time in Gaozhuang
A．He held concerts in the village．
B．He went sightseeing with village school．
C．He helped to build the village school．
D．He taught village children to play the guitar．
2．What made the children go to the guitar classes early
A．The school rules．
B．The teacher's plan．
C．Their love for the classes．
D．Their parents' requirements．
3．What does the underlined word “extroverted” mean in the last paragraph
A．Polite． B．Outgoing．
C．Anxious． D．Confused．
4．Which of the following can best describe Song Hao
A．Selfless． B．Humorous．
C．Honest． D．Brave．
Ⅳ．完形填空
A boy was sent to the wisest man，who lived on a beautiful castle high on the mountain, to learn the secret of happiness．
On entering the hall of the castle, the boy saw the wise man talking with everyone there, and the boy had to 1 for two hours before it was his turn to get his attention．Later, the wise man listened 2 and then suggested that the boy look around the palace and return in two hours to get the 3 ．Meanwhile, the wise man handed the boy a teaspoon that held two drops of 4 ．As you wander around, carry this spoon with you without allowing the oil to 5 ．
The boy began climbing and walking down many of the stairways of the palace，keeping his eyes 6 on the spoon．After two hours, he returned to the 7 where the wise man was．“Did you see the Persian tapestries (壁毯) that are hanging in my dining hall Did you see the garden that took the master gardener ten years to create ” 8 the wise man．The boy was 9 ．He had observed nothing．His only 10 had been not to spill the oil．“Then go back and observe the wonders of my world，” smiled the wise man．
11 ， the boy picked up the spoon and returned to his exploration of the palace．He saw all of the works of art on the ceilings and the 12 ， the gardens, and the mountains all around him．Upon returning to the wise man, he told 13 everything he had seen．“But where are the drops of oil？” asked the wise man．Looking down at the spoon he held, the boy saw that the oil was 14 ．The wise man said, “The secret of happiness is to see all the marvels of the world and never to 15 the drops of oil on the spoon．”
1．A．hold B．listen
C．watch D．wait
2．A．carelessly B．attentively
C．sorrowfully D．clearly
3．A．exploration B．acceptance
C．explanation D．recognition
4．A．water B．oil
C．salt D．tea
5．A．spill B．destroy
C．fall D．disappear
6．A．tied B．added
C．fixed D．dragged
7．A．hall B．bedroom
C．castle D．office
8．A．ordered B．replied
C．forgave D．asked
9．A．amazed B．ashamed
C．delighted D．satisfied
10．A．expression B．patience
C．concern D．question
11．A．Relieved B．Bored
C．Angry D．Hopeless
12．A．floors B．tables
C．doors D．walls
13．A．in return B．in detail
C．in general D．in public
14．A．gone B．filled
C．melted D．obtained
15．A．remember B．keep
C．forget D．hold
Ⅴ．语法填空
I like a boarding school because not only can I learn to be 1．________(dependent) by arranging my study and campus life on my own，but I will also become mentally mature more 2．________(quick) by getting along with my roommates and peers．
One day，my roommates Lisa and Andrea said to me，“You know，Mary，the only reason Sarah starts on the basketball team is 3．________ the coach likes her．” 4．________ hearing this，Sarah's heart sank．She did not attack them back．Instead，she told them the 5．________ (true) directly and that they had hurt her．Lisa felt 6．________(shame) for spreading rumours and Andrea was speechless．It was Sarah's proper 7．________(behave) that prevented her from being harmed，8．________ might otherwise turn into a dorm conflict．They both 9．________ (apologize) to Sarah and they became friends again．From the story，I firmly believe that only with wisdom，tolerance and a good sense，will we effectively avoid conflicts with peers and thus create a peaceful and 10．________(value) relationship in school．
课时分层作业(八)
Ⅰ．1．awareness 2．commitment 3．engage 4．designed 5．advocate
Ⅱ．1．been regarded as 2．Due to 3．tried out for
4．a range of 5．passed away
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4
D C B A
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
D B C B A C A D
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
B C A D B A C
Ⅴ．1．independent 2．quickly 3．that 4．On/Upon
5．truth 6．ashamed 7．behaviour 8．which
9．apologized 10．Valuable
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。宋浩从小出生于艺术世家，擅长弹奏吉他和编曲，希望能够通过自己的音乐给孩子们带来更光明的世界。去年他有幸被选中参加了农村振兴工作，利用业余时间免费教授孩子们弹吉他，深受孩子们喜爱，他也实现了自己的愿望。
1．D [细节理解题。根据第四段“He was chosen to take part in rural vitalization work in Gaozhuang for two years, and in his spare time, he started teaching village children to play the guitar．”可知，宋浩在高庄用业余时间教乡村孩子弹吉他。故选D。]
2．C [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The children loved the classes so much that they would arrive at the village office early to wait for Song．”可知，孩子们早早去上吉他课的动力是来自他们对课程的热爱。故选C。]
3．B [词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Song said that he could feel the happiness and confidence that learning to play music had brought to them”和画线词前“Shen Mingyi, Shen Huihong's father, spoke highly of Song and his guitar class．．．”可知，宋浩的吉他课使孩子们变得更加乐观和自信，从而更加外向。故选B。]
4．A [推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第四段中“．．．in his spare time, he started teaching village children to play the guitar．”和第六段中“so he started a free class to teach them”及“He paid for 20 guitars and music textbooks from his own pocket ”可推断，宋浩不惜牺牲个人时间和金钱无偿教孩子们弹吉他，他是无私的。故选A。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个小男孩去智者那里询问幸福的秘诀，智者通过让男孩拿着装有油滴的茶匙四处走动两回，来告诉男孩幸福的秘诀是看遍世界上所有的奇迹，而永远没忘记勺子上的油滴。
1．D [根据后文“for two hours before it was his turn to get his attention”可知，男孩等了两个小时才引起智者的注意。故选D。]
2．B [根据后文“and then suggested that the boy look around the palace and return in two hours”可知，智者先是仔细地听了男孩的请求。故选B。]
3．C [根据第一段中“to learn the secret of happiness”这里指幸福秘诀的解释。故选C。]
4．B [根据后文“allowing the oil to”可知，茶匙里是油。故选B。]
5．A [根据前文“carry this spoon with you without allowing the oil to”以及下文的描述可知，智者让男孩带着茶匙，不要让油洒出来。故选A。]
6．C [根据前文“keeping his eyes”可知，眼睛一直盯着茶匙，应用动词fix。故选C。]
7．A [这里呼应前文中“On entering the hall of the castle”，指男孩回到智者所在的大厅。故选A。]
8．D [根据前文“Did you see the Persian tapestries that are hanging in my dining hall Did you see the garden that took the master gardener ten years to create？”可知，智者问了两个问题。故选D。]
9．B [根据后文“He had observed nothing．”可知，小男孩很羞愧，他什么都没看见。故选B。]
10．C [根据后文“had been not to spill the oil”可知，男孩唯一关心的是不要让油洒了。故选C。]
11．A [前文“Then go back and observe the wonders of my world”提到智者让男孩再去观察，可知智者没有责怪他，男孩松了一口气。故选A。]
12．D [根据前后文分析可知，这里指看墙壁上的艺术品。故选D。]
13．B [根据后文“everything he had seen”可知这里指详细讲述看到的一切。故选B。]
14．A [根据前文“But where are the drops of oil？”可知，茶匙里的油不见了。故选A。]
15．C [根据后文“the drops of oil on the spoon”可知这里指永远不要忘记茶匙上的油滴。故选C。]
Ⅴ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的同学合理地处理与其他同学的冲突的故事。
1．independent [考查形容词。句意：我喜欢寄宿学校，因为我不仅可以通过自己安排学习和校园生活来学会独立，而且通过与室友和同龄人相处，我的心智也会更快地成熟。此空用形容词作表语，根据句意“独立的”，故填independent。]
2．quickly [考查副词。句意参见上题。此空副词比较级修饰动词become，前已有more，故填quickly。]
3．that [考查名词性从句。句意：Mary，你知道Sarah开始参加篮球队的唯一原因是教练喜欢她。根据the reason (why) is that．．．，可知此处用that引导表语从句，故填that。]
4．On/Upon [考查介词。句意：Sarah一听这话，心就沉了下去。on/upon＋doing/n．表示“一……就”，符合句意，且位于句首，首字母大写，故填On/Upon。]
5．truth [考查名词。句意：相反，她直接告诉她们真相，说她们伤害了她。此空是told后的宾语，应用true的名词形式truth，the truth表示“事实；真相”，故填truth。]
6．ashamed [考查形容词。句意：Lisa为散布谣言感到羞耻，Andrea说不出话来。此空用形容词作系动词felt的表语，ashamed“羞愧的”，符合句意，故填ashamed。]
7．behaviour [考查名词。句意：正是Sarah得体的行为使她免受伤害，否则可能会变成宿舍冲突。此句用到强调句型，强调句子的主语，空处用名词behaviour作主语，表示“行为；举止”，是不可数名词，故填behaviour。]
8．which [考查定语从句。句意参见上题。分析句子结构以及句意可知，空格引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面一句话，从句中缺主语，应用关系代词。故填which。]
9．apologized [考查时态。句意：她们都向Sarah道歉，她们又成了朋友。此空是谓语动词，且描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，故填apologized。]
10．valuable [考查形容词。句意：从这个故事中，我坚信只有用智慧、宽容和良好的判断力，才能有效避免与同龄人的冲突，从而在学校里创造一种平和而珍贵的关系。此空是形容词作定语，修饰名词relationship，valuable“珍贵的”符合句意，故填valuable。]
1 / 5
