Period 4 单元语法讲练
名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句的引导词：
连接词：that，if，whether
连接代词：who，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever，how much，how many
连接副词： when，where，why，how，how long，how soon，how often
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。
一、主语从句
1．用作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
What we need is more time．
我们所需要的是更多的时间。
Who will win the match is still unknown．
谁将赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
2．有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
(1)It＋be＋名词＋that从句
(2)It＋be＋形容词＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋动词的过去分词＋that从句
(4)It＋不及物动词＋that 从句
[即时训练1] 单句语法填空
①It's no wonder __________he didn't want to go．
②__________the prisoner escaped is a complete mystery．
二、宾语从句
用作句子宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词与引导主语从句的词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1．由连接词that引导的宾语从句
当连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的that不可省略。
He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart．
他说这篇课文非常重要，我们应该背下来。
[名师点津] 在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist，desire，request，command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“(should)＋动词原形”。
I insist that she (should) do her work alone．
我坚持要她自己工作。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once．
指挥官命令部队马上出发。
2．who，whom，which，whose，what，when，where，why，how，whoever，whatever，whichever等词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述句语序。
I want to know what he has told you．
我想知道他告诉了你什么。
She always thinks of how she can work well．
她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
3．whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if作“是否”讲时，在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不能用if：
①引导主语从句并在句首时；
②引导表语从句、同位语从句时；
③引导的从句作介词宾语时；
④从句中有or not时。
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question．
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
The trouble is whether he can come on time．
问题是他是否能按时来。
Everything depends on whether we have enough money．
一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
I wonder whether he will come or not．
我想知道他来还是不来。
4．在think，believe，imagine，suppose等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。
We don't think you are here．
我们认为你不在这里。
I don't believe he will do so．
我相信他不会这样做。
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空
①Kate was interested in __________she had seen at the exhibition．
②Why don't you bring it to his attention __________you're too ill to go on
三、表语从句
用作句子表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的词与引导主语从句的词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语＋系动词＋that从句。
The fact is that we have lost the game．
事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That's just what I want．
那正是我想要的。
[名师点津] 当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不用because。
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning．
他迟到的原因是今天早上他晚了一分钟，所以没赶上火车。
四、同位语从句
用作句子同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
I have no idea when she will come back．
我不知道她何时回来。
He ignored the doctor's advice that he should stay in bed．
他没有理会要卧床休息这条医嘱。
[即时训练3] 单句语法填空
①The question __________ he will join us is very important．
②The idea__________my watch might be wrong did not occur to me．
短文语境填空
There was an accident on the corner of the street this morning．No witness saw 1．__________ on earth happened then．A car crashed into a truck but luckily no one got 2．__________(injure)．3．__________ will be responsible for the accident is still under 4．__________ (investigate)．The police are uncertain about the cause that led to the accident．The truck driver looked as if he was 5．__________ (guilt)．He was too nervous to say a word．6．__________ the police would do is to figure out the truth．They said it was difficult for them to judge 7．__________ should be to blame．8．__________ this happened was still not clear．It was certain 9．__________ the car driver was too tired to stop the car．The car driver didn't admit the fact that he was over speeding at the crossroads．The police doubted 10．__________ what he said was true．
Period 4
单元语法
[即时训练1]
①that ②How
[即时训练2]
①what ②that
[即时训练3]
①whether ②that
巩固落实
1．what 2．injured 3．Who 4．investigation 5．guilty 6．What 7．who 8．How 9．that 10．whether
4/4(共22张PPT)
Period ４
Section Ⅰ TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
UNIT 7 ART
主题语境 人与社会 —— 绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物
课时学案 单元语法讲练
名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句的引导词：
连接词：that，if，whether
连接代词：who，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever，how much，how many
连接副词：when，where，why，how，how long，how soon，how often
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。
一、主语从句
1．用作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
What we need is more time．
我们所需要的是更多的时间。
Who will win the match is still unknown．
谁将赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
2．有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
(1)It＋be＋名词＋that从句
(2)It＋be＋形容词＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋动词的过去分词＋that从句
(4)It＋不及物动词＋that 从句
[即时训练1] 单句语法填空
①It's no wonder ____he didn't want to go．
②_____the prisoner escaped is a complete mystery．
that
How
二、宾语从句
用作句子宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词与引导主语从句的词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1．由连接词that引导的宾语从句
当连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的that不可省略。
He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart．
他说这篇课文非常重要，我们应该背下来。
[名师点津] 在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist，desire，request，command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“(should)＋动词原形”。
I insist that she (should) do her work alone．
我坚持要她自己工作。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once．
指挥官命令部队马上出发。
2．who，whom，which，whose，what，when，where，why，how，whoever，whatever，whichever等词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述句语序。
I want to know what he has told you．
我想知道他告诉了你什么。
She always thinks of how she can work well．
她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
3．whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if作“是否”讲时，在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不能用if：
①引导主语从句并在句首时；
②引导表语从句、同位语从句时；
③引导的从句作介词宾语时；
④从句中有or not时。
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question．
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
The trouble is whether he can come on time．
问题是他是否能按时来。
Everything depends on whether we have enough money．
一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
I wonder whether he will come or not．
我想知道他来还是不来。
4．在think，believe，imagine，suppose等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。
We don't think you are here．
我们认为你不在这里。
I don't believe he will do so．
我相信他不会这样做。
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空
①Kate was interested in _____ she had seen at the exhibition．
②Why don't you bring it to his attention ____ you're too ill to go on
what
that
三、表语从句
用作句子表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的词与引导主语从句的词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语＋系动词＋that从句。
The fact is that we have lost the game．
事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That's just what I want．
那正是我想要的。
[名师点津] 当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不用because。
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning．
他迟到的原因是今天早上他晚了一分钟，所以没赶上火车。
四、同位语从句
用作句子同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
I have no idea when she will come back．
我不知道她何时回来。
He ignored the doctor's advice that he should stay in bed．
他没有理会要卧床休息这条医嘱。
[即时训练3] 单句语法填空
①The question ________ he will join us is very important．
②The idea____my watch might be wrong did not occur to me．
whether
that
短文语境填空
There was an accident on the corner of the street this morning．No witness saw 1．_____ on earth happened then．A car crashed into a truck but luckily no one got 2．_______(injure)．3．____ will be responsible for the accident is still under 4．__________________ (investigate)．The police are uncertain about the cause that led to the accident．The truck driver looked as if he was 5．__________ (guilt)．
what
injured
Who
investigation
guilty
He was too nervous to say a word．6．_____ the police would do is to figure out the truth．They said it was difficult for them to judge 7．____ should be to blame．8．_____ this happened was still not clear．It was certain 9．____ the car driver was too tired to stop the car．The car driver didn't admit the fact that he was over speeding at the crossroads．The police doubted 10．________ what he said was true．
What
who
How
that
whether
课时分层作业(一)
点击页面进入…
（WORD版）
巩固课堂所学 · 激发学习思维
夯实基础知识 · 熟悉命题方式
自我检测提能 · 及时矫正不足
本节课掌握了哪些考点？
本节课还有什么疑问点？
课后训练
学习反思
课时小结
THANKS课时分层作业(一)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．We try to provide a very homely ________(氛围)．
2．More than seven million people have been ________ (影响) by drought．
3．My body ________ (体形) is not perfect but in average and my appearance is OK．
4．She ________ (尖叫) when she bumped into me in the dark．
5．My girlfriend and I will go to the ________ (展览) this Sunday．
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．Not you but I ________ (be) responsible for it．
2．I wish you and your family all the best in the ________ (challenge) future．
3．What was his reaction ________ the news
4．All people like to be successful but afraid of ________ (fail)．
5．On the way，we spotted a man ________(hold) a piece of paper that said，“Lost My Job，Family to Feed．”
Ⅲ．阅读理解
A
EO Photography Competition 2026
Thank you to everyone who participated in the Climate Crisis Photography Competition 2025．The winners will be announced on our website and be notified (通知) via email by September 23，2025．
The Winner of the Earth．Org “Overall Best Environmental Photo” 2025 will be awarded US $500．The winners of the two sub categories “Wildlife in Peril” 2025 and “Climate Action” 2025 will be awarded US $250 each．
Our Nature and Wildlife Photo Competition 2026 is now open for submissions (提交)，where you will have the opportunity to show your work to the world，and win one of three cash prizes．All entries must be received by April 26th，2026．
EO Photography Competition 2026: Categories
1．Wildlife in Peril
Document or highlight the biodiversity and wildlife struggles caused by climate change and human activities．For example: trapped or endangered animals．
2．Climate Action
Photographs that capture (拍摄) environmental protests，climate solutions in practice，or actions promoting change．
Note：Don't submit: photographs of pets，images that are blurry (模糊的) or beautiful landscape works that do not show the theme of the categories．
How To Enter
To enter the EO Climate Crisis Photography Competition 2026，participants must submit their best 3 photographs for each category (max 6 altogether)．
Please use the following format (格式) for submitting your photos: “Category Name”．If you don't submit your photos using the format，they will not be considered．
2026 Prizes
All winners will be invited to take over the Earth．Org social platform page for a week each．
All winners will be interviewed for articles on Earth．Org and given the chance to show their work in our articles．
Winners will be announced on our website and notified via email by June 21st，2026．
The 20 best photos selected from all participants will also be invited to join our network of EO Photographers．
2026 Photography Competition Judges
They will be announced on September 29th，2025．
1．What is the final date for competition entries to be submitted
A．September 23rd，2025．
B．September 29th，2025．
C．April 26th，2026．
D．June 21st，2026．
2．Which of the following will not be accepted
A．Submitting photographs of wildlife．
B．Using the “Category Name” format．
C．Showing the theme of protecting nature．
D．Submitting 6 photographs for each category．
3．What is the award that all winners will get
A．US $500 in prize money．
B．Their works shown in Earth．Org's articles．
C．Becoming Earth．Org's full time photographers．
D．Taking over the Earth．Org social platform page for a month．
B
Do you find it difficult to put down your mobile phone？If yes，you're not alone．These days，many people suffer from the stress of FOMO (fear of missing out)．They reach for their mobile phones when they wake up in the morning，and for the rest of the day，they constantly scroll down (向下滚动) the timelines of their social media apps to get the latest updates．
Despite the convenience smartphones bring，many people struggle with their digital habits．As Sameer Samat，US tech company Google's vice president of product management，said in his speech at the 2018 Google I/O developer conference on May 8th，70 percent of people don't want to spend so much time on their phones．This is why during the conference Google introduced an app called Dashboard for the new version (版本) of its Android operating system．This new app includes well being functions that aim to help users manage the time they spend on their digital devices．
It all starts with a bird's eye view．Dashboard allows users to look at all the details of their phone habits．For example，a user can see how many times they've unlocked their phone and how many times they've checked their social media apps，as well as how much time they spend on each app every day．
Once the users see this information，they'll be able to make some changes．With the App Timer function，users can set a time limit for how long they can use each app for every day．After they've hit the limit，they won't be able to launch the app until the next day．
But even if users become more mindful of their usage，they're still likely to be drawn in by notifications (通知)．This is where the Shush feature comes in．It automatically (自动地) silences incoming calls and notifications when a user puts their phone face down．
If people truly want to make full use of their free time instead of losing hours using their smartphones，these new functions are just one way of doing that．After all，who needs to use an app to stop you from using other apps when the easiest answer would be just to use your willpower
4．Who are the target users of Dashboard
A．People who know little about smartphones．
B．People who have trouble dealing with stress．
C．People who are slow at searching for things online．
D．People who wish to manage the time they spend on their smartphones．
5．What can Dashboard do
A．Lock the phone at a certain time．
B．Limit some apps to certain users．
C．Limit the time certain apps can be used．
D．Silence app notifications at night．
6．The underlined word “mindful” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ________．
A．skillful B．careful
C．trapped D．creative
7．What does the author think of Dashboard
A．It's not useful at all．
B．It's perfectly designed．
C．It should include more functions．
D．It may be helpful to some people．
Ⅳ．阅读七选五
Painting
The art of creating pictures using colours，shapes and lines is called painting．Museums and galleries show the paintings of professional (专业的) artists．But painting is also a popular form of entertainment and creative expression．
1 Experienced painters usually use a brush to apply oil paints to a canvas cloth surface．Young painters usually use watercolours on pieces of paper．Very young children may use finger paints to create paintings．
Painters can use their art to express devotion to a religion，to tell a story，to express feelings and ideas，or simply to present a pleasing picture．Religious paintings often show a god or a scene from a sacred text (圣典)．Other common subjects have been famous legends and events in history，as well as scenes from daily life．Artists also paint portraits (画像)，or pictures of people． 2 All of these types of paintings show the human figure in some way．
Some kinds of paintings do not focus on people．In landscape (风景) painting the focus is on scenes from nature．Artists also paint still objects such as fruit and vegetables． 3 Some artists communicate their ideas through pictures that do not represent any object．
4 Paintings dating back 15，000 years have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain． 5 Samples of painted pottery (陶器) from at least 5，000 years ago have been found in China and Iran．The ancient Egyptians decorated their temples with beautiful paintings．People in ancient Greece painted decorative objects such as vases in addition to the walls of temples．
A．These works are called still life paintings．
B．These works can communicate a special feeling．
C．Humans have been making paintings for thousands of years．
D．People of all ages create pictures using a variety of materials．
E．Cave paintings generally show animals that early humans hunted．
F．The design of a painting is the plan of its lines，shapes and colours．
G．Sometimes artists make portraits of themselves，which are called self portraits．
课时分层作业(一)
Ⅰ．1．atmosphere 2．affected 3．figure 4．screamed 5．exhibition
Ⅱ．1．am 2．challenging 3．to 4．failure 5．holding
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
C D B D C B D
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5
D G A C E
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个摄影比赛：2026年EO摄影比赛。文章由2025年的颁奖安排引出2026年的比赛，并详细介绍了其参赛要求、奖项设置等相关信息。
1．C [细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“All entries must be received by April 26th，2026．”可知，截止日期为2026年4月26日。故选C项。]
2．D [细节理解题。根据文章“How To Enter”部分的内容“To enter the EO Climate Crisis Photography Competition 2026，participants must submit their best 3 photographs for each category (max 6 altogether)．”可知，参赛者必须为每个类别提交最好的3张照片。选项D提及每个类别提交6张照片，不符合要求，不会被接受。故选D项。]
3．B [细节理解题。根据文章“2026 Prizes”部分的内容“All winners will be invited to take over the Earth．Org social platform page for a week．．．given the chance to show their work in our articles．”可知，所有获奖者都将被邀请占用Earth．Org照片墙页面一周，都将被采访，并有机会在文章中展示作品。故选B项。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了谷歌推出的一款能帮助人们更好地管理使用智能手机的时间的新的应用程序——Dashboard。
4．D [推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“This new app includes wellbeing functions that aim to help users manage the time they spend on their digital devices．”可知，Dashboard的目标用户是那些想管理自己花在智能手机上的时间的人。故选D项。]
5．C [细节理解题。根据第四段的“With the App Timer function，users can set a time limit for how long they can use each app for every day．After they've hit the limit，they won't be able to launch the app until the next day．”可知，Dashboard能够限制用户使用某些应用程序的时间。故选C项。]
6．B [词义猜测题。根据第四段最后一句“After they've hit the limit，they won't be able to launch the app until the next day．”，以及画线词所在句“But even if users become more mindful of their usage，they're still likely to be drawn in by notifications．”可知，用户会很留意自己使用某些应用程序的时间，mindful意为“留心的”，与careful语意相近。故选B项。]
7．D [推理判断题。根据最后一段“If people truly want to make full use of their free time instead of losing hours using their smartphones，these new functions are just one way of doing that．After all，who needs to use an app to stop you from using other apps when the easiest answer would be just to use your willpower？”可知，Dashboard的这个功能对于没有意志力的人来说应该是有帮助的。故选D项。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了绘画被各个阶层的人所喜爱以及绘画的发展历史。
1．D [根据下文可知，这里讲了不同绘画水平的人使用不同的绘画工具画画。]
2．G [上文介绍了各种风格的绘画，根据下文中的“All of these types of paintings”可知，这里应该填一种绘画风格。]
3．A [根据上文“Artists also paint still objects such as fruit and vegetables”可捕捉到关键词“still objects”，与A选项中的“still life”相呼应。]
4．C [下文提到绘画可以追溯到15 000年以前，所以上文会说人类绘画已经有几千年的历史。]
5．E [空前一句中出现关键词“caves”，并且这句话的意思是绘画的历史可以追溯到15 000年以前岩洞墙上的绘画，所以接下来会谈论洞穴绘画的绘画内容。]
5/5
