Period 2 写作
观点类短文
本单元的写作任务是写一篇观点类短文，属于议论文的写作范畴。
(一)基本框架
开头(the beginning)——陈述观点
主体(the body)——列举原因和证据
结尾(the ending)——简要总结
(二)常用表达
1．Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life．It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well．
互联网已在我们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题。
2．With the rapid development of science and technology, more and more people believe that technologies are great for learning．
随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为技术对学习有好处。
3．Some people consider this as vulgar behavior, while others argue that some media are too critical of Chinese people and have overstated the impolite nature of their behavior．
有人认为这是粗俗的行为，而有些人却认为这是一些媒体太过严苛，是对国内游客不雅表现的夸大其词。
4．In recent years, there is no consensus of opinions among college students about choice of career．
近年来，大学生对职业的选择没有达成一致的意见。
5．From what has been discussed above, we can see that television's application does more good than harm to us．
从以上我们所讨论的可以看出，电视的应用利大于弊。
6．I firmly believe that we are capable of bringing our students to the next level．
我坚信我们大家一定能提高我们学生的水平。
假定你是李华，最近某英文网站正在讨论日益流行的社交媒体所存在的利弊。你们班同学对此也进行了讨论。请你用英语写一篇短文，反映讨论结果，并表明你的观点，然后发表在该网站上。
利：1．有更多机会与别人交流和分享；
2．能够更快捷地了解世界各地的最新信息。
弊：1．个人隐私难以得到保障；
2．社交媒体会占据大量的时间，影响我们的现实生活。
注意：词数80左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)
Recently, a heated discussion about whether social media are good or bad was carried out in our class．________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
[审题构思]
1．确定体裁：本文为观点类短文，属于议论文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第三人称；
3．确定时态：本文的主体时态为一般现在时。
4．确定内容：
①支持的观点及理由；
②反对的观点及理由；
③发表个人看法。
[遣词造句]
1．一些学生认为，他们可以为人们创造更多交流和分享经验的机会。
Some students believed that they could ____________________________．
2．一些学生支持社交媒体。
Some students _________________________________________．
3．它使交更多的朋友变得更容易。
It made ____________________________________．
4．此外，社交媒体在人们和最新信息之间架起了一座桥梁。
Besides, social media ____________________ between people and the latest information．
5．学生们认为人们的隐私无法得到保证，而且社交媒体占用了很多时间。
Students believed that people's privacy couldn't be guaranteed and _____________________________________________．
6．一些学生反对社交媒体。
Some students _______________________________．
7．这导致拥抱现实生活的机会减少。
It led to less chance _______________________________．
8．只要我们适度使用社交媒体，它们将对我们有很大帮助。
As long as we use social media moderately, they __________________________．
[句式升级]
1．用who和which引导的定语从句改写句1、句2和句3。
____________________________________________________________________．
2．用who和which引导的定语从句 改写句5、句6和句7。
____________________________________________________________________．
[连句成篇]
Recently, a heated discussion about whether social media are good or bad was carried out in our class．_______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________
对话高级技巧
[词块积累]
1．say calmly 冷静地说
2．say excitedly 激动地说
3．reply coldly 冷冷地回答
4．answer timidly 胆怯地回答
5．laugh with excitement 兴奋地笑了起来
6．reply half coldly, half kindly 不冷不热地说
7．he says in a determined/firm voice 他用一种坚定的语调说
8．says the stranger with a cold smile 那个陌生人冷笑着说
9．she says with a determined look 她用一种坚定地表情说
10．she murmurs, upset and concerned 她嘟囔着说，又沮丧又担忧
[佳句积累]
1．“Watch out！” she shouted, as the car started to move．
当汽车开始移动时，她喊道“小心！”。
2．“Natasha, you love me？” she said in a soft trustful whisper．
“娜塔莎，你爱我吗？”她轻声说道。
3．“That's nice，” Alex said quietly, focusing on his plate．
“太好了，”亚历克斯平静地说，专注于他的盘子。
4．“I didn't know what I was doing，” she said, laughing at the memory．
“我不知道自己在做什么，”她笑着回忆道。
5．“Since you love him so well，” said the king, “I will tell you something．”
“既然你那么爱他，”国王说，“我就告诉你一些事情。”
6．“We don't do any harm，”said the boy, evidently frightened by my words．
“我们没有造成任何伤害，”男孩说，显然被我的话吓坏了。
7．“But they don't understand our talk at all，” said the dancer with a puzzled smile．
“但他们根本听不懂我们的话，”舞蹈演员困惑地笑着说。
8．“Good morning, children！” said the minister, and he kindly shook hands with both．
“早上好，孩子们！”牧师说，并亲切地与两人握手。
9．“Uncle, forgive me, I did that．．．unintentionally，” he said, pointing to the broken glass．
“叔叔，原谅我，我这么做……是无意的，”他指着碎玻璃说。
10．“To your health！” said Mr White, who also emptied his glass, and wiped his mouth with his handkerchief．
“祝你健康！”怀特先生说，他也倒空了玻璃杯，用手帕擦了擦嘴。
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一个80词左右的段落，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ray was there to pick me up for the three-hour drive back home．That was how I came to know his story．As the father of two, he spent six days a week driving in a town far away from home．On his only day off, he drove five hours there and back to have time with his family in Preston．
“Leaving the kids is hard，” Ray smiled gently．
I smiled, too．I remembered my dad and I eagerly talked on the phone about daily things when he worked away for weeks．
After two hours into our drive when a tall sign saying Preston came into our sight, I asked if it was where his family lived．“Yes, about 5 kilometers down the road，” Ray looked out in the right direction．
My heart hurt．Then I decided to give the family a gift, even if it just would be my time．
“Why don't we stop and say hello？” I suggested．
I met Ray's inquiring(询问的) eyes like I was joking．I nodded to him and said “Yes”．Then, we drove off the main road．
Soon, we came to a small house in a village．__________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Period 2
应用文写作
遣词造句
1．create more chances for people to communicate and share their experience 2．supported social media 3．it much easier to make more friends 4．built a bridge 5．social media took up a lot of time 6．were against social media 7．to embrace real life 8．will be of great help to us
句式升级
1．Some students who supported social media believed that they could create more chances for people to communicate and share their experience, which made it much easier to make more friends．
2．Students who were against them believed that people's privacy couldn't be guaranteed and social media took up a lot of time, which led to less chance to embrace real life．
连句成篇
[参考范文]
Recently, a heated discussion about whether social media are good or bad was carried out in our class．
Some students who supported social media believed that they could create more chances for people to communicate and share their experience, which made it much easier to make more friends．Besides, social media built a bridge between people and the latest information．However, students who were against them believed that people's privacy couldn't be guaranteed and social media took up a lot of time, which led to less chance to embrace real life．
As far as I'm concerned, as long as we use social media moderately, they will be of great help to us．
读后续写
续写初练笔
[参考范文]
Soon, we came to a small house in a village．Hearing the sound of our car horn, the two children ran merrily out of a house with a small yard．When suddenly seeing Ray, they shouted “Daddy”in surprise．Ray stepped forward, crouched down, cradled the children in his arms, and took turns kissing their little faces．At this time, a beautiful middle aged woman dressed in plain clothes came out smilingly．Ray stood up, silently and affectionately stared at her for a moment, and then walked toward the house with his wife, holding a child in each hand．After seeing this sweet scene through the window of my car, I decided to drive home by myself． On the return trip two days later, I would pick up Ray in Preston and return to the town where we worked．
5/5(共51张PPT)
Period 2
Section Ⅲ WRITING WORKSHOP & READING CLUB
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
主题语境
人与自我 —— 公民义务与社会责任
观点类短文
课时学案 写作
本单元的写作任务是写一篇观点类短文，属于议论文的写作范畴。
(一)基本框架
开头(the beginning)——陈述观点
主体(the body)——列举原因和证据
结尾(the ending)——简要总结
(二)常用表达
1．Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life．It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well．
互联网已在我们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题。
2．With the rapid development of science and technology, more and more people believe that technologies are great for learning．
随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为技术对学习有好处。
3．Some people consider this as vulgar behavior, while others argue that some media are too critical of Chinese people and have overstated the impolite nature of their behavior．
有人认为这是粗俗的行为，而有些人却认为这是一些媒体太过严苛，是对国内游客不雅表现的夸大其词。
4．In recent years, there is no consensus of opinions among college students about choice of career．
近年来，大学生对职业的选择没有达成一致的意见。
5．From what has been discussed above, we can see that television's application does more good than harm to us．
从以上我们所讨论的可以看出，电视的应用利大于弊。
6．I firmly believe that we are capable of bringing our students to the next level．
我坚信我们大家一定能提高我们学生的水平。
假定你是李华，最近某英文网站正在讨论日益流行的社交媒体所存在的利弊。你们班同学对此也进行了讨论。请你用英语写一篇短文，反映讨论结果，并表明你的观点，然后发表在该网站上。
利：1．有更多机会与别人交流和分享；
2．能够更快捷地了解世界各地的最新信息。
弊：1．个人隐私难以得到保障；
2．社交媒体会占据大量的时间，影响我们的现实生活。
注意：词数80左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)
Recently, a heated discussion about whether social media are good or bad was carried out in our class．_____________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[审题构思]
1．确定体裁：本文为观点类短文，属于议论文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第三人称；
3．确定时态：本文的主体时态为一般现在时。
4．确定内容：
①支持的观点及理由；
②反对的观点及理由；
③发表个人看法。
[遣词造句]
1．一些学生认为，他们可以为人们创造更多交流和分享经验的机会。
Some students believed that they could ___________________________
____________________________________．
2．一些学生支持社交媒体。
Some students _____________________．
create more chances for people
to communicate and share their experience
supported social media
3．它使交更多的朋友变得更容易。
It made ________________________________．
4．此外，社交媒体在人们和最新信息之间架起了一座桥梁。
Besides, social media ____________ between people and the latest information．
it much easier to make more friends
built a bridge
5．学生们认为人们的隐私无法得到保证，而且社交媒体占用了很多时间。
Students believed that people's privacy couldn't be guaranteed and _____________________________．
6．一些学生反对社交媒体。
Some students ________________________．
social media took up a lot of time
were against social media
7．这导致拥抱现实生活的机会减少。
It led to less chance __________________．
8．只要我们适度使用社交媒体，它们将对我们有很大帮助。
As long as we use social media moderately, they ___________________
_______．
to embrace real life
will be of great help
to us
[句式升级]
1．用who和which引导的定语从句改写句1、句2和句3。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________．
Some students who supported social media believed that they could create more chances for people to communicate and share their experience, which made it much easier to make more friends
2．用who和which引导的定语从句 改写句5、句6和句7。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________．
Students who were against them believed that people's privacy couldn't be guaranteed and social media took up a lot of time, which led to less chance to embrace real life
[连句成篇]
Recently, a heated discussion about whether social media are good or bad was carried out in our class．_____________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Recently, a heated discussion about whether social media are good or bad was carried out in our class．
Some students who supported social media believed that they could create more chances for people to communicate and share their experience, which made it much easier to make more friends．Besides,
social media built a bridge between people and the latest information．However, students who were against them believed that people's privacy couldn't be guaranteed and social media took up a lot of time, which led to less chance to embrace real life．
As far as I'm concerned, as long as we use social media moderately, they will be of great help to us．
对话高级技巧
[词块积累]
1．say calmly 冷静地说
2．say excitedly 激动地说
3．reply coldly 冷冷地回答
4．answer timidly 胆怯地回答
5．laugh with excitement 兴奋地笑了起来
6．reply half coldly, half kindly 不冷不热地说
7．he says in a determined/firm voice 他用一种坚定的语调说
8．says the stranger with a cold smile 那个陌生人冷笑着说
9．she says with a determined look 她用一种坚定地表情说
10．she murmurs, upset and concerned 她嘟囔着说，又沮丧又担忧
[佳句积累]
1．“Watch out！” she shouted, as the car started to move．
当汽车开始移动时，她喊道“小心！”。
2．“Natasha, you love me？” she said in a soft trustful whisper．
“娜塔莎，你爱我吗？”她轻声说道。
3．“That's nice，” Alex said quietly, focusing on his plate．
“太好了，”亚历克斯平静地说，专注于他的盘子。
4．“I didn't know what I was doing，” she said, laughing at the memory．
“我不知道自己在做什么，”她笑着回忆道。
5．“Since you love him so well，” said the king, “I will tell you something．”
“既然你那么爱他，”国王说，“我就告诉你一些事情。”
6．“We don't do any harm，”said the boy, evidently frightened by my words．
“我们没有造成任何伤害，”男孩说，显然被我的话吓坏了。
7．“But they don't understand our talk at all，” said the dancer with a puzzled smile．
“但他们根本听不懂我们的话，”舞蹈演员困惑地笑着说。
8．“Good morning, children！” said the minister, and he kindly shook hands with both．
“早上好，孩子们！”牧师说，并亲切地与两人握手。
9．“Uncle, forgive me, I did that...unintentionally，” he said, pointing to the broken glass．
“叔叔，原谅我，我这么做……是无意的，”他指着碎玻璃说。
10．“To your health！” said Mr White, who also emptied his glass, and wiped his mouth with his handkerchief．
“祝你健康！”怀特先生说，他也倒空了玻璃杯，用手帕擦了擦嘴。
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一个80词左右的段落，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ray was there to pick me up for the three-hour drive back home．That was how I came to know his story．As the father of two, he spent six days a week driving in a town far away from home．On his only day off, he drove five hours there and back to have time with his family in Preston．
“Leaving the kids is hard，” Ray smiled gently．
I smiled, too．I remembered my dad and I eagerly talked on the phone about daily things when he worked away for weeks．
After two hours into our drive when a tall sign saying Preston came into our sight, I asked if it was where his family lived．“Yes, about 5 kilometers down the road，” Ray looked out in the right direction．
My heart hurt．Then I decided to give the family a gift, even if it just would be my time．
“Why don't we stop and say hello？” I suggested．
I met Ray's inquiring(询问的) eyes like I was joking．I nodded to him and said “Yes”．Then, we drove off the main road．
Soon, we came to a small house in a village．__________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Soon, we came to a small house in a village．Hearing the sound of our car horn, the two children ran merrily out of a house with a small yard．When suddenly seeing Ray, they shouted “Daddy”in surprise．Ray stepped forward, crouched down, cradled the children in his arms, and took turns kissing their little faces．At this time, a beautiful middle-aged woman dressed in plain clothes came out
smilingly．Ray stood up, silently and affectionately stared at her for a moment, and then walked toward the house with his wife, holding a child in each hand．After seeing this sweet scene through the window of my car, I decided to drive home by myself．On the return trip two days later, I would pick up Ray in Preston and return to the town where we worked．
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
One day, a poor man, who had only one piece of bread to eat, was walking past a restaurant．There was a large pot of soup on the table．The poor man held his bread over the soup, so the steam from the soup went into the bread, and gave it a good smell．Then he ate the bread．
课时分层作业(六)
The restaurant owner was very angry at this, and he asked the man for money, in exchange for the steam from the soup．The poor man had no money, so the restaurant owner took him to Nasreddin, who was a judge at that time．Nasreddin thought about the case for a little while．
Then he took some money from his pocket．He held the coins next to the restaurant owner's ear, and shook them, so that they made a jingling(叮当声) noise．
“What was that？” asked the restaurant owner．
“That was the payment for you，” answered Nasreddin．
“What do you mean That was just the sound of coins！” said angrily the restaurant owner．
“The sound of the coins is the payment for the smell of the soup，” answered Nasreddin．“Now go back to your restaurant．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个发生在饭店的幽默故事。
1．The poor man held his bread over the soup to________．
A．make it heated
B．warm his cold hands
C．avoid paying the restaurant owner
D．make it smell and taste a little better
√
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The poor man held his bread over the soup, so the steam from the soup went into the bread, and gave it a good smell．”可知，答案选D。]
2．Why did Nasreddin make a noise with the coins
A．To make the poor man relaxed．
B．To pay for the smell of the soup．
C．To make the restaurant owner happy．
D．To show that he was a rich person．
√
B [细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“‘That was the payment for you，’ answered Nasreddin．”可知，Nasreddin的目的是要把声音当钱付给餐馆老板。故选B。]
3．Nasreddin thought that the smell of the soup________．
A．was worthless B．should be paid
C．was pleasant D．could be sold
√
A [推理判断题。根据法官给餐馆老板听硬币的声音可判断出，法官觉得汤的味道是不值钱的。故选A。]
4．The writer's purpose of telling the story is mainly to________．
A．show the bad restaurant owner
B．describe the poor's unhappy life
C．show Nasreddin's cleverness and humor
D．prove the value of the sound of coins
√
C [写作意图题。本文讲述了一个“法官断案”的幽默故事，由此判断出，作者讲述这个故事的目的主要是为了展示Nasreddin的聪明和幽默。故选C。]
B
When I first met Nao Junior, he was in his 40s and one of only nine members of his Indigenous(土著的) group, Great Andamanese, who still spoke the idiom of his ancestors．As a language specialist, I had researched more than 80 Indian languages．I was on the islands to document their Indigenous voices before they faded into whispers．
Words in this language consisted of two classes: free and bound．The free words were all nouns that referred to the environment and its inhabitants, such as ra for “pig”．They could occur alone．The bound words were nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs that always existed with markers indicating a relation to other objects, events or states．The markers came from seven zones of the body and were attached to a root word to describe concepts such as “inside”， “outside”， “upper” and “lower”．For example, the morpheme(词素) er-， which qualified most anything having to do with an outer body part, could be stuck to -cho to yield ercho, meaning “head”．
Just as a head, a bound word, could not conceptually exist on its own, the mode and effect of an action could not be divided from the verb describing the action．Great Andamanese had no words for agriculture but a great many for hunting and fishing, mainly with a bow and arrow．Thus, the root word shile, meaning “to aim”， had several versions: utshile, to aim from above; arashile, to aim from a distance; and eshile, aiming to make a hole with a sharp object．
The studies established that the language seems to be truly old in origin．In a multistage process of development, words describing diverse body parts had changed into morphemes referring to different zones and combined with content words to yield meaning．The structure alone provides an insight into an ancient world view in which the macrocosm(宏观世界) reflects the microcosm, and everything that is or that happens inseparably connects to everything else．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过描述大安达曼人语言中的词汇分类、词根和词缀的组合方式，展现了这种语言背后蕴含的丰富文化和历史内涵。同时强调了重视并保护土著语言和文化遗产的重要性。
5．What is the purpose of the author's stay on the islands
A．To meet with an old friend． B．To teach Indigenous idioms．
C．To record an ancient language． D．To trace her ancestors．
√
C [细节理解题。根据第一段的“As a language specialist, I had researched more than 80 Indian languages．I was on the islands to document their Indigenous voices before they faded into whispers．”可知，作者在岛上停留的目的是记录一种古老的语言。故选C。]
6．“Aim at a pig's head from afar” in Great Andamanese may be________．
A．Arashile raercho B．Arashile ercho
C．Eshile ercho D．Eshile raercho
√
A [推理判断题。根据第二段的“such as ra for ‘pig’”和“ercho, meaning ‘head’”以及第三段的“arashile, to aim from a distance”可知，“Aim at a pig's head from afar”在大安达曼语中对应的可能是Arashile raercho。故选A。]
7．What can we infer from the verbs in Great Andamanese
A．A verb could describe more than one action．
B．Some of the verbs could be used on their own．
C．The locals probably live off seafood and meat．
D．The tools used in people's daily life are diverse．
√
C [推理判断题。根据第三段的“Great Andamanese had no words for agriculture but a great many for hunting and fishing”可知，当地人可能以海鲜和肉类为生。故选C。]
8．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．Great Andamanese is the origin of multiple languages．
B．Great Andamanese is a doorway to the ancient wisdom．
C．Great Andamanese tells the development of the community．
D．Human body shapes Great Andamanese's unique world view．
√
B [段落大意题。根据最后一段“The studies established that the language seems to be truly old in origin．In a multistage process of development, words describing diverse body parts had changed into morphemes referring to different zones and combined with content words to yield meaning．The structure alone provides an insight into an ancient world view in which the macrocosm reflects the microcosm, and everything that is or that happens inseparably connects to everything else．”可知，本段主要讲的是通过研究大安达曼语可以发现古代的世界观，即打开古老智慧的大门。故选B。]
Ⅱ．应用文写作
假定你是李华，最近做了一项调查，发现你校很多学生几乎不读课外书。请你就此写一篇文章，阐述自己的看法。内容包括：
1．阅读的好处；
2．呼吁大家多读好书。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：extra-curricular reading课外阅读
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Last week, I carried out a survey and found many students of our school did little extra-curricular reading．
As far as I'm concerned, reading plays an important part in our study and life．First of all, reading can broaden our vision．Not only can we gain
knowledge from the books we read, but also we can get inspiration and encouragement．The more we read, the more attractive we may find reading is．
In conclusion, reading is of great use．Spare our time to read some good books every day, and we'll find reading makes a difference to our life．
THANKS课时分层作业(六)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
One day， a poor man， who had only one piece of bread to eat， was walking past a restaurant．There was a large pot of soup on the table．The poor man held his bread over the soup， so the steam from the soup went into the bread， and gave it a good smell．Then he ate the bread．
The restaurant owner was very angry at this， and he asked the man for money， in exchange for the steam from the soup．The poor man had no money， so the restaurant owner took him to Nasreddin， who was a judge at that time．Nasreddin thought about the case for a little while．
Then he took some money from his pocket．He held the coins next to the restaurant owner's ear， and shook them， so that they made a jingling(叮当声) noise．
“What was that？” asked the restaurant owner．
“That was the payment for you，” answered Nasreddin．
“What do you mean That was just the sound of coins！” said angrily the restaurant owner．
“The sound of the coins is the payment for the smell of the soup，” answered Nasreddin．“Now go back to your restaurant．”
1．The poor man held his bread over the soup to ．
A．make it heated
B．warm his cold hands
C．avoid paying the restaurant owner
D．make it smell and taste a little better
2．Why did Nasreddin make a noise with the coins
A．To make the poor man relaxed．
B．To pay for the smell of the soup．
C．To make the restaurant owner happy．
D．To show that he was a rich person．
3．Nasreddin thought that the smell of the soup ．
A．was worthless B．should be paid
C．was pleasant D．could be sold
4．The writer's purpose of telling the story is mainly to ．
A．show the bad restaurant owner
B．describe the poor's unhappy life
C．show Nasreddin's cleverness and humor
D．prove the value of the sound of coins
B
When I first met Nao Junior， he was in his 40s and one of only nine members of his Indigenous(土著的) group， Great Andamanese， who still spoke the idiom of his ancestors．As a language specialist， I had researched more than 80 Indian languages．I was on the islands to document their Indigenous voices before they faded into whispers．
Words in this language consisted of two classes: free and bound．The free words were all nouns that referred to the environment and its inhabitants， such as ra for “pig”．They could occur alone．The bound words were nouns， verbs， adjectives and adverbs that always existed with markers indicating a relation to other objects， events or states．The markers came from seven zones of the body and were attached to a root word to describe concepts such as “inside”， “outside”， “upper” and “lower”．For example， the morpheme(词素) er ， which qualified most anything having to do with an outer body part， could be stuck to cho to yield ercho， meaning “head”．
Just as a head， a bound word， could not conceptually exist on its own， the mode and effect of an action could not be divided from the verb describing the action．Great Andamanese had no words for agriculture but a great many for hunting and fishing， mainly with a bow and arrow．Thus， the root word shile， meaning “to aim”， had several versions: utshile， to aim from above; arashile， to aim from a distance; and eshile， aiming to make a hole with a sharp object．
The studies established that the language seems to be truly old in origin．In a multistage process of development， words describing diverse body parts had changed into morphemes referring to different zones and combined with content words to yield meaning．The structure alone provides an insight into an ancient world view in which the macrocosm(宏观世界) reflects the microcosm， and everything that is or that happens inseparably connects to everything else．
5．What is the purpose of the author's stay on the islands
A．To meet with an old friend．
B．To teach Indigenous idioms．
C．To record an ancient language．
D．To trace her ancestors．
6．“Aim at a pig's head from afar” in Great Andamanese may be ．
A．Arashile raercho B．Arashile ercho
C．Eshile ercho D．Eshile raercho
7．What can we infer from the verbs in Great Andamanese
A．A verb could describe more than one action．
B．Some of the verbs could be used on their own．
C．The locals probably live off seafood and meat．
D．The tools used in people's daily life are diverse．
8．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．Great Andamanese is the origin of multiple languages．
B．Great Andamanese is a doorway to the ancient wisdom．
C．Great Andamanese tells the development of the community．
D．Human body shapes Great Andamanese's unique world view．
Ⅱ．应用文写作
假定你是李华，最近做了一项调查，发现你校很多学生几乎不读课外书。请你就此写一篇文章，阐述自己的看法。内容包括：
1．阅读的好处；
2．呼吁大家多读好书。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：extra curricular reading课外阅读
课时分层作业(六)
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
D B A C C A C B
Ⅱ．[参考范文]
Last week, I carried out a survey and found many students of our school did little extracurricular reading．
As far as I'm concerned, reading plays an important part in our study and life．First of all, reading can broaden our vision．Not only can we gain knowledge from the books we read, but also we can get inspiration and encouragement．The more we read, the more attractive we may find reading is．
In conclusion, reading is of great use．Spare our time to read some good books every day, and we'll find reading makes a difference to our life．
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个发生在饭店的幽默故事。
1．D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The poor man held his bread over the soup, so the steam from the soup went into the bread, and gave it a good smell．”可知，答案选D。]
2．B [细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“‘That was the payment for you，’ answered Nasreddin．”可知，Nasreddin的目的是要把声音当钱付给餐馆老板。故选B。]
3．A [推理判断题。根据法官给餐馆老板听硬币的声音可判断出，法官觉得汤的味道是不值钱的。故选A。]
4．C [写作意图题。本文讲述了一个“法官断案”的幽默故事，由此判断出，作者讲述这个故事的目的主要是为了展示Nasreddin的聪明和幽默。故选C。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过描述大安达曼人语言中的词汇分类、词根和词缀的组合方式，展现了这种语言背后蕴含的丰富文化和历史内涵。同时强调了重视并保护土著语言和文化遗产的重要性。
5．C [细节理解题。根据第一段的“As a language specialist, I had researched more than 80 Indian languages．I was on the islands to document their Indigenous voices before they faded into whispers．”可知，作者在岛上停留的目的是记录一种古老的语言。故选C。]
6．A [推理判断题。根据第二段的“such as ra for ‘pig’”和“ercho, meaning ‘head’”以及第三段的“arashile, to aim from a distance”可知，“Aim at a pig's head from afar”在大安达曼语中对应的可能是Arashile raercho。故选A。]
7．C [推理判断题。根据第三段的“Great Andamanese had no words for agriculture but a great many for hunting and fishing”可知，当地人可能以海鲜和肉类为生。故选C。]
8．B [段落大意题。根据最后一段“The studies established that the language seems to be truly old in origin．In a multistage process of development, words describing diverse body parts had changed into morphemes referring to different zones and combined with content words to yield meaning．The structure alone provides an insight into an ancient world view in which the macrocosm reflects the microcosm, and everything that is or that happens inseparably connects to everything else．”可知，本段主要讲的是通过研究大安达曼语可以发现古代的世界观，即打开古老智慧的大门。故选B。]
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