(共17张PPT)
Unit 6 Earth and Beyond
Lesson 5 Grammar in Use
Learning Objectives
在上下文语境中理解后缀-ness形式，意义及使用。
在情景中理解比较级和最高级的形式，意义及使用。
归纳后缀-ness及比较级和最高级的构成和在不同语境中的用法。
在语境中运用所学语法知识，描述太空中的星球。
通过描述星球，感受宇宙的奥秘，激发探索宇宙的兴趣。
Carefulness and responsiblity play an important role in scientific exploration.
Observing
Activity 1 Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Pay attention to
the words in bold.
Fitness of the body and mind is of key importance for scientists to love and work in space.
The brightess of a star is related to its size. The larger, the brighter.
careful breave careless shy ugly
carefulness
Activity 2 Complete the table and learn how to form nouns with the suffix -ness.
breaveness
carelessness
shyness
ugliness
Can you summarize the rules on how to form the words with the suffix -ness.
Presentation
Summarizing
后缀 -ness
-ness 后缀通常用来构成抽象名词，表示某种状态或品质。
多音节单词以辅音字母加 y 结尾，先把 y变i, 再加ness。
通过后缀-ness 变抽象名词，规则需要来记住。一般情况下词尾+-ness, 还有一处要特殊记。
careful-carefulness
bright-brightness
uneasy-uneasiness
lazy-laziness
dark-darkness
shy-shyness
-ness
Activity 2 Fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
Applying
business
weakness
happiness
darkness
1. The high cost is a big __________ in space exploration.
2. The development of the space industry will bring more ________ and create more jobs in different areas.
3. So many stars shine in the ________. What a beautiful
night.
4. Nature can fill our lives with real joy, peace and _________.
weakness
business
darkness
happiness
Activity 3 Complete the text with the words in the box.
Consolidation
coldness closeness brightness smallness
Venus and Mercury are two of the closest planets to the Sun.
Because of its __________ to the Sun and its ___________ in size, Mercury is dificult for us to see on Earth. Venus, on the other hand, is known for its ____________ and it's beautiful. People can see it at night on Earth. Venus is the hottest planet while the surface temperature on Mercury can drop down to -173℃ at night. Its ___________ is due to its thin air.
closeness
smallness
brightness
coldness
What are the differences between Mercury and Earth
Mercury is smaller than Earth and it is closer to the Sun than Earth.
Comparative and superlative adjectives
Activity 1 Pair work. Read the conversation. Pay attention to the words in bold.
Yes, I know that! It is the closest planet to the Sun.
Yes, so it’s also much hotter than Earth.
Observing
Activity 2 Complete the table and learn how to use comparative and superlative adjectives.
Comparative and Superlative Adjectives add-er/-est bright - _____________________________
add-r/-st large - ______________________________
change -y into -i, add -er/-est dry - _______________________________
double the last consonant and add-er/-est hot - _______________________________
add more/the most Wonderful -___________________________
irregular form Far - _________________________________
brighter-brightest
Summarizing
larger-largest
dried-driest
hotter-hottest
more wonderful-most wonderful
farther/further-farthest/furthest
Summarizing
形容词的比较级和最高级 在单音节和少数双音节的形容词后面+ -er/-est small-smaller-smallest
形容词原级以e结尾且e不发音 + -r/-st nice-nicer-nicest
原级以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，把 -y 变成 -i, + -er/-est heavy-heavier-heaviest
原级以辅音+元音+辅音组合的形容词，要双写末尾的辅音+-er/-est big-bigger-biggest
more/the most+双音节或多音节的形容词 more beautiful/the most beautiful
不规则的变形，需要特殊记忆 good-better-best
Summarizing
形容词比较级的句型:比较级表示的是两个人或物中“一个比另一个更... ...”，也可用于两部分之间的比较。基本句型：比较级+than
the 比较级， the 比较级 越..... 越...
e.g. The more, the better.
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a little /a lot/much 修饰比较级 e.g. much better
Summarizing
最高级表示“最......”用于三者或三者以上的比较。
形容词最高级作定语时，最高级前通常要+定冠词the。 e.g. the biggest elephant,但最高级前有物主代词时，不需+the。 e.g. her most interesting experience, my latest hobby......
绝对形容词本身就具有“最”“极”的含义。 e.g. unique, round, right, correct, wrong, perfect......
One of +superlative adjectives + 名词复数 表示最...之一
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Applying
Look at the pictures and then describe them by following the example.
Earth
Big Ben
the Eiffel Tower
Height:828m
Height:95m
Height:330m
Burj Khalifa
Venus
Jupiter
Diameter:13,000km
Diameter:12,103km
Diameter:140,000km
Applying
For example:
The Eiffel Tower is higher than Big Ben.
Burj Khalifa is the highest among the three towers.
Who is bigger, Venus or Earth
Jupiter is the biggest of the three planets.
Describe the pictures by following the example.
... ...
Can you make more sentences Let's have a try!
Applying
Activity 3 Read the text and fill in the blanks with the correct form of the given words.
The Death Valley is known as the _______ (hot) place on the earth and the ________ (dry) place in North American. In 1913, the __________ (high) air temperature of 134 F (56.7 ℃) reached a record here. In summer, the average rainfall in the Death Valley is _________ (little) than 5cm. But winter and spring are _________ (wet) and the weather is more comfortable. Higher places are ___________ (cool) than the lower areas in the valley.
hotter
driest
highest
less
wetter
cooler
Summary
We learn:
how to form the nouns with the the suffix -ness.
how to form the comparative and superlative adjectives.
the usage of the comparative and superlative adjectives.
We can:
use the comparative and superlative adjectives to describe the mysterious universe.
.
Homework
You should:
1. review the rules of forming nouns with the suffix -ness.
2. review the usage of the comparative and superlative adjectives.
3. speak out sentences with the comparative and superlative
adjectives as many as possible.
You may:
write a short passage to describe a planet that you want to live on
in the future.
.
