素养测练(十) UNIT 4 Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.She felt a (轻敲)on her shoulder and turned around.
2.In face of danger,we should keep (镇静).
3.Last year a terrible flood (袭击)that area.
4.He gave us a (挥手) as the bus drove off.
5.We promise to (递送)free of charge within 48 hours.
6.Every storm is an example of the (力量)of nature.
7.Can you give me a quick (总结) of your research
8.Global warming has a great (影响)on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.The lecture (deliver) by Mr Smith is wonderful.
2.At the railway station,the mother (wave) goodbye to her daughter until the train was out of sight.
3.Thanks to scientists’ tireless research on the disease, (effect) treatments are available.
4.They escaped through an (emergent) exit and immediately called 119 to report the fire.
5.It is widely acknowledged that the media has a (power) influence on public opinion.
6.The (long) of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is 55 km and it is the world’s longest sea-crossing bridge.
7. (strike) by the hurricane,the area had a power cut,but quickly it was back to normal.
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.I (正要上床睡觉) when someone knocked at the door.
2.His performance has (彻底消除) any doubts about his ability to deal with the job.
3.The government has done whatever it can to (确保) people live a better life.
4. (出于感激),she planned to prepare a gift made by herself for her dear teacher.
5.Children should be educated to (远离) busy roads when they are alone.
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.Please send me all the information you have about the applicant for the position.
2.Is this the teacher rescued several students from the burning building
3.Do you know the lady our English teacher is talking with under the big tree
4.I was the only person in our class was praised by the headmaster at the meeting.
5.My mother bought a new bike for me price added up to more than 500 yuan.
6.The man to you spoke just now is my captain.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Elephants on the coast of Thailand are acting strangely.They stamp their feet and signal (示意) towards the hills.The sea draws back from the beaches.Fish flop (扑腾) on the seabed.
Suddenly,a huge wave appears.This is no ordinary wave.It is a tsunami!
Tsunami waves are larger and faster than normal surface waves.A tsunami wave can travel as fast as a jet plane and can be as tall as a ten-storey building.Imagine dropping a stone into a pool and the water on the surface ripples (起细浪).A tsunami is like a very powerful ripple.Tsunamis begin when the ocean rises or falls very suddenly.Lots of seawater is displaced.This movement causes huge waves.
If a tsunami happens,there must be some kind of force that causes the ocean water to become displaced.Most tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes.However,volcanoes,landslides,and large icebergs can also cause one of these huge waves.
Tsunamis are extremely powerful.Ordinary waves lose power when they break.Tsunami waves can remain powerful for several days.Because tsunami waves are so strong,they can kill people,damage buildings,and completely ruin an ecosystem in just one hour.
Scientists have no way of telling people in advance when a tsunami will hit.However,if a powerful enough earthquake happens,scientists can send out a warning or a watch.A warning means that a tsunami will very likely hit soon.A watch means that conditions are suitable for a tsunami.When people receive a watch or a warning,they have more time to prepare.It is best not to get caught unaware (没意识到) when a tsunami is on the way!
( )1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.Causes of tsunamis.
B.Signs of tsunamis.
C.The force of tsunamis.
D.The effect of tsunamis.
( )2.What does the underlined word “displaced” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Moved. B.Polluted.
C.Stored. D.Lost.
( )3.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.A warning is more serious than a watch.
B.A warning is sent out after an earthquake.
C.A watch means a tsunami may not happen.
D.A warning means a tsunami will surely happen.
( )4.What is the purpose of the text
A.To tell a story.
B.To provide facts.
C.To give advice.
D.To compare opinions.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了海啸产生的原因及其带来的危害。
B
Living on the Florida Emerald Coast,people view a hurricane as a common thing.So it is not unusual for a family to have several full gas cans and bottled water stored in their houses all summer.
Though unwilling to evacuate from a hurricane,on 15 September,my family was forced to leave our home for my grandfather’s house several miles away.We spent the early part of that evening watching the hurricane draw closer on the weather channel.Around 9 o’clock,a loud sound shook the house,turned over the roof and carried it off.Soon came an indoor rainstorm.
Realising the damage,my grandfather began to be afraid.The storm had started,but he still ran out into the heavy rain and wind to see how much of the roof was left.We got him back inside.I had never seen him so scared.Mum finally asked him to lie down in his room.
The leak had progressed rapidly.It soon became a race against time to protect what was saved. Some people may think it necessary to save material things,but I hoped to save those items with emotional value,such as the photos.I still feared the storm,but I more feared the influence it brought.
The next morning,it started to clear up.Thankfully,my family weathered the storm,though the same could not be said for the house.Only the wooden beams remained,but inside many of his things were safe.My mum and I had worked tirelessly through the night.
It was late,but we were still unwilling to go to bed.We discussed the rebuilding of the house.Under the beautiful sky,we suggested looking after my grandfather more often in the future.After this disaster,I realised the truth that the hurricane itself was not so terrible if we loved each other.
( )5.Why do the people store full gas cans and bottled water
A.To save much money.
B.To watch a hurricane easily.
C.To protect their houses well.
D.To be prepared for hurricanes.
( )6.How did the author’s grandfather feel during the hurricane
A.Frightened. B.Surprised.
C.Calm. D.Angry.
( )7.What does the underlined word “weathered” in Paragraph 5 mean
A.Prepared well for.
B.Waited patiently for.
C.Came safely through.
D.Suffered seriously from.
( )8.What may the author learn from the experience
A.Family love is powerful.
B.Take things as they come.
C.Good health is over wealth.
D.Lost time is never found again.
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家度过飓风的经历。
Ⅱ.完形填空
The day before my daughter’s sixth birthday,the whole family was busy packing presents.I
1 my little princess that I would wake her up early the next morning and hand out the presents to her 2 .
I woke up at 5:30.After taking a shower,I planned to wake her up but as I came out from the bathroom,I realised that an earthquake 3 .I screamed (高声喊) to wake my husband and my daughter up.We rushed out of our house.Outside we watched our house 4 .It lasted for 3 minutes.The house survived but some 5 appeared in the walls.
In spite of (尽管) the 6 earthquake,I went to my daughter’s school at 8:00 as planned but no one was there except the teacher,who 7 me to go back as a tsunami might come soon.On the way home I heard a policeman cry out loud,“Stay 8 ! No tsunami!”
At home,I 9 about the presents:To whom should we deliver them After some 10 with my family,I decided to give them to the children in a nearby 11 .Upon getting there,I was really shocked.There were hundreds of injured people waiting for treatment.
A boy 12 with a bandage on his head.He looked at me with his 13 eyes as if asking,“Could I have one ” 14 I handed over one present to him.He took it happily and ran to his mum,shouting,“Mummy...a toy car!”Never would I forget his shining eyes!I was happy that our presents could bring a little 15 to those suffering from a disaster.
( )1.A.cheated B.promised
C.lectured D.reminded
( )2.A.editors B.neighbours
C.teachers D.classmates
( )3.A.continued B.struck
C.improved D.remained
( )4.A.shaking B.reviving
C.falling apart D.moving off
( )5.A.cracks B.flashes
C.designs D.errors
( )6.A.unique B.awkward
C.unexpected D.meaningless
( )7.A.begged B.invited
C.allowed D.urged
( )8.A.calm B.patient
C.curious D.amazed
( )9.A.knew B.wondered
C.dreamt D.complained
( )10.A.contact B.trouble
C.discussion D.agreement
( )11.A.school B.factory
C.hospital D.garden
( )12.A.signed up B.checked out
C.worked out D.came up
( )13.A.confident B.strange
C.angry D.questioning
( )14.A.Extremely B.Actually
C.Immediately D.Officially
( )15.A.joy B.anger
C.anxiety D.surprise
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。作者的女儿生日当天发生了地震,作者去学校派送礼物时发现学校里没有人,最后将礼物送给了附近医院的孩子们。
Ⅲ.写作训练
假设你是李华,昨天一场可怕的地震袭击了你的家乡。请你为校英语报写一篇新闻报道,介绍地震的相关情况,要点如下:
1.地震造成的破坏;
2.救援工作;
3.表达希望。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
[写作指导]
One possible version:
A terrible earthquake struck my hometown yesterday,causing great damage.
A lot of houses and roads were destroyed,leaving many people injured or homeless.What’s more,the number of deaths was large.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
Luckily,the soldiers came to help searching for survivors and digging out people who were trapped in ruins.The government provided fresh water,food and shelters for the people in need.We hope that a new home will be built with the support of the government and efforts of the people.素养测练(九) UNIT 4 Part 1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Some of the (救援) workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
2.We should make every (努力) to protect the endangered animals.
3.The morning air is good to (呼吸).
4.I was (震惊)when I learnt that she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
5.With your words of (智慧),I suddenly felt unlimited freedom to dream.
6.All the athletes kept running rather than seeking (庇护所) from the rain.
7.Always lowering your head to check your cell phone could do (损害)to your neck.
8.Whenever a natural (灾难)happens,soldiers are always ready to protect people’s lives.
9.93 (百分之……)of the students who were interviewed said they liked this kind of activities.
答案:1.rescue 2.effort 3.breathe 4.shocked 5.wisdom 6.shelter 7.damage 8.disaster
9.percent
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.This is one of the worst natural (disaster) ever to hit the area.
2.An earthquake left the city in (ruin).
3.He was so generous that he devoted a lot of money to the (flood) area.
4.The number of students learning English (be) larger than ever before.
5.As far as I’m concerned,staying up late is certain (affect) your health.
6.The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely (destroy).
7.The firemen came here right away (rescue) those trapped in the burning building.
8.I am very grateful that my parents have made great (effort) to shelter us from various dangers.
9.All the listeners were greatly (shock) when they heard the terrible news on radio.
10.The equipment can be purchased from your local (supply),who would offer a rather low price to you.
11.In that country,many companies are suffering a shortage of young and skilled staff now.
12.Learning the news that the storm yesterday didn’t cause damage our village,we felt relieved immediately.
13. (bury) under the ruins,the little girl was rather frightened.
答案:1.disasters 2.ruins 3.flooded 4.is 5.to affect 6.destroyed 7.to rescue 8.efforts
9.shocked 10.suppliers 11.from 12.to 13.Buried
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.A medical team,consisting of 15 doctors and 30 nurses, (建立) immediately when we got the news of the flood.
2.We all know that we can’t live (像往常一样) without good health.
3.If you can’t keep fit,you will often (遭受) your weak body.
4.He suddenly rushed out,leaving all the people in the room (吃惊).
5.It (看起来似乎) our team is going to win the match.
6.The city which was known for its wonderful view (沦为废墟) after the terrible earthquake.
答案:1.was set up 2.as usual 3.suffer from 4.in shock 5.seems as if 6.lay in ruins
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters.It may cause great damage.So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.
Fragile items like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface,near the ground instead of being placed on the cupboards higher up.Never place them near your bed, sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down.When there is a strong movement,these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.
There is a strong chance of short circuits (短路) and fire during an earthquake.Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.
During an earthquake,lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged.Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you.Never use the elevator to go down.Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases at all times.
If you are outdoors,do not take shelter under a tree,streetlights,electric poles or tall buildings.If you are driving,stop your car and stay in a safe place.Do not park your car under a tree or any tall objects.
If trapped in debris (瓦砾堆),cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.Tap on a pipe or the wall so that rescuers can find you.Use a whistle if one is available.Never shout for help. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust.Do not light a match because you may burn yourself.Do not move about or kick up dust.
( )1.What is the purpose of the passage
A.The damage caused by earthquakes.
B.The rescue work after earthquakes.
C.How to prevent earthquakes.
D.What to do about earthquakes.
( )2.What does the underlined word “Fragile” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Easily found. B.Easily broken.
C.Expensive. D.Heavy.
( )3.What are people advised to do during the earthquake
A.Go out of the buildings at once.
B.Drive to a safe place quickly.
C.Take shelter under a tree.
D.Turn off electrical connections and gas immediately.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了在地震来临时,人们如何做才能把损害降到最低。
答案及剖析:
1.D 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知,本文主要提供了在地震来临时的一些安全方面的建议。故选D。
2.B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“items like those made of glass are easily broken”可知,
Fragile意为“易碎的”,与B项最为接近。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,在地震中,一定要立即关掉电源和天然气。
故选D。
B
What do you think of when you hear the word “drought” Do you think of “dry” “hot” “dusty” “cracked (开裂的) earth” or even “no water” If so,you’re on the right track!
When some places are in drought,they may be dry,hot and dusty.Cracks may appear in the soil,and rivers,lakes,streams and other sources of water may go dry.Other places in drought get some rain,but not as much as they usually receive during that season.Drought means that a place has less rain or snow than normal over a few months or even longer.
Drought has many causes.It can be caused by not receiving rain or snow over a period of time.We learnt in the discussions above about the water cycle and weather.The changes in the wind patterns that move clouds and moisture through the atmosphere can cause a place not to receive its normal amount of rain or snow over a long period of time.
If you live in a place where most of the water you use comes from a river,a drought in your area can be caused by places upstream from you not receiving enough moisture.There would be less water in the river for you and other people who live along the river to use.
People can also play a big role in a drought.If we use too much water during times of normal rainfall,we might not have enough water when a drought happens.
( )4.What’s the purpose of Paragraph 1
A.To introduce the topic.
B.To analyse the problem.
C.To conclude the article.
D.To put forward an argument.
( )5.What will happen if a place is in drought
A.The weather will be dry,hot and windy.
B.There won’t be any water left in rivers or lakes.
C.There will be less rain or snow for quite a long time.
D.The rainy season will be replaced by the snowy season.
( )6.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “moisture” in Paragraph 3
A.Dust in the wind.
B.Rain in the soil.
C.Snow on the ground.
D.Water in the air.
( )7.What topics have been discussed before the passage
A.The definition of drought.
B.The water cycle and weather.
C.The causes of drought.
D.The influence of drought.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了干旱的定义、特征和形成的原因。
答案及剖析:
4.A 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,第一段以“自问自答”的设问句引出了本文的话
题——干旱。故第一段的主要目的是引出话题。故选A。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知,当一个地方发生干旱时,该区域在较长时间内的降水量少于正常量。故选C。
6.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文的“cause a place not to receive its normal amount of rain or snow”可知,画线词所在句描述了降水不足的原因:风带走了空气中的水分,从而导致降水减少。moisture意为“空气中的水分”,和D项意思相近。故选D。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第三段的第三句可知,在本文之前已经讨论了“水循环和天气”。
故选B。
C
When someone is homeless or trying to recover from a natural disaster,they may be in need of a lot of basic necessities of life.While people are often encouraged to donate (捐赠) canned goods,not everyone is thinking about things like shoes.Of course,you can’t go looking for a new job or a home,if you have no shoes to walk in.One woman in Hays,Kansas,took this into consideration,and found a way to help hundreds of people.
Many stores were going out of business,and shoes were selling for as little as $1 per pair. So a woman named Tritt bought up all the remaining shoes at the store—more than 200 pairs—and donated them to flood victims in Nebraska.
Those shoes were then included in a flood relief shipment taken to farmers in Nebraska by Fort Hays State University (FHSU).Tritt,who recently graduated from FHSU’s human resources programme,wanted to “pay it forward”.
“I have been so lucky,”she said.“There have been so many great people in my life who have inspired (鼓舞) me. I see so many terrible things in the news.So many people have helped me when I was down. They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.”
Tritt has a history of charitable (慈善的) acts.She has donated more than 60 bags of school supplies to Hays students,and organised a baby clothes drive and two supply drives for the animal shelter.
“I really feel I have been directed and guided to help people,” she said.“If you can do something for someone else,you need to find a way even if it is a pair of shoes.”
( )8.How did Tritt help flood victims
A.By sending them food.
B.By buying them shoes.
C.By raising money for them.
D.By helping them find jobs.
( )9.What does the underlined phrase “pay it forward” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Pay ahead of time.
B.Save some money.
C.Pass the love.
D.Put forward the plan.
( )10.What made Tritt volunteer to help those victims
A.The low price of shoes.
B.Other people’s influence.
C.Ideas from her school.
D.The sad situation of victims.
( )11.Which word can best describe Tritt
A.Caring. B.Brave.
C.Clever. D.Independent.
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位女士给洪水受灾者买鞋并帮助他们的故事。
答案及剖析:
8.B 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,Tritt买光了一家商店所有剩余的鞋子,并把它们捐给了内布拉斯加州的洪水受灾者。故选B。
9.C 短语猜测题。根据第四段引号中的内容可知,Tritt得到过别人的帮助,并希望把这种互帮互助的精神传递下去。从而推知pay it forward应为“把爱传递下去”的意思。故选C。
10.B 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,是其他人的影响让Tritt自愿去帮助那些受灾者。故选B。
11.A 推理判断题。根据全文内容,尤其是倒数第二段内容可知,Tritt曾多次行善;再结合最后一段最后一句可知,Tritt是一个关心他人的人。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
If you’re driving a car during a wildfire,do your best to stay calm.You can increase your chances of survival by taking as many safety tips as possible and remaining as calm as you can.
Check social media and the news for any information about where the fire is and where it’s heading. 1. If you know or can see the direction the fire is moving in,try to drive away from it as best as you can.
Drive slowly and turn on your headlights and hazard lights (危险警示灯).2. By doing so firefighters around might see your car and help you.
3. Accidents are a major risk in poor driving conditions.People and animals might be frightened and running on the road.If you’re worried that people or animals are nearby but you can’t see them,use your horn (喇叭).
Cover your nose and mouth with a cloth and close all the windows to protect yourself from the smoky air while you drive.
Keep the radio on while driving.Keep listening to the radio for information about where the fire is heading. Check online and social media for updates on the fire if you have another person in your car.Is it growing in a new direction 4. This is valuable information that might cause you to change the course and could save your life.
Pull over if you see flames getting closer.If your way becomes blocked (阻挡) or you can see the fire moving towards you,pull the car over to a safe area.5.
A.Is there anyone injured
B.Have the winds changed at all
C.Keep a close watch on accidents.
D.Keep an eye out for people or animals.
E.Look for a parking lot to park your car in.
F.Make your car easily seen in the smoky conditions.
G.Drive in the opposite direction from smoke or flames.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了开车时遭遇野火应该怎么做。
答案及剖析:
1.G 空后句说明要朝着远离烟或者火的方向行驶,G项符合语境。故选G。
2.F 空后句是说让消防员能看到你的车,F项符合语境。故选F。
3.D 下文是说明在灾难中人或者动物可能会惊慌失措,在路上乱跑,所以你开车的时候应该要格外注意人或者动物,D项符合语境。故选D。
4.B 空后句说明改变逃生方向可能会挽救你的性命,你应该根据火势的方向和风的方向来改变自己逃走的方向,B项符合语境。故选B。
5.E 空前句说明你应该在一个安全的地方停车,比如停车场,E项符合语境。故选E。
Ⅲ.语法填空
The world’s oceans have reached their hottest level in recorded history over the past two years,supercharging (加剧) extreme weather events,scientists have reported.They found that the hottest recorded years in the oceans 1. (occur) since 2015,and that the rate of heating since 1986 was eight times higher than 2. from 19601985.Oceans cover 71% of the planet and water can absorb thousands of times more heat than air,3. is why 93% of global heating is taken up by seas.
Hotter oceans destroy rainfall patterns,which 4. (lead) to floods,droughts and wildfires.Heat also causes seawater 5. (expand) and drives up sea levels.Scientists expect about one metre of sea level rise by the end of the 21st century,6. (threaten) 150 million people.Higher temperatures in the seas are also harming marine (海洋的) life,with
7. number of ocean heatwaves increasing 8. (sharp).
The study also finds that the sinking of surface waters and upwelling of deeper water is reducing as the seas heat up.This means the surface layer heats up even further and fewer nutrients for marine life are brought up from the 9. (depth).
“The oceans reached yet another new record level of warmth in 2020,10. a record drop in global carbon emissions.The planet will continue to warm up as long as we emit carbon into the atmosphere,” said Prof Michael Mann of Penn State University.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了全球海平面上升的现状及其所带来的危害。
答案及剖析:
1.had occurred 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构并由时间状语since 2015可知,此处应用完成时。空处是that引导的宾语从句中的谓语,主句谓语found用的是一般过去时,从句时态应用过去完成时。故填had occurred。
2.that 考查代词。空处是并列成分(主语之间)的比较,than后用that代替主语the rate of heating。故填that。
3.which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个句子,应用which。故填which。
4.leads 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句是非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整个句子,故谓语用单数形式;从句表述客观真理,用一般现在时。故填leads。
5.to expand 考查非谓语动词。cause sb/sth to do sth是固定用法,意为“导致……做某事”。故填to expand。
6.threatening 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语,空处用非谓语;sea level rise与threaten之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作结果状语。故填threatening。
7.the 考查固定搭配。空处表示“……的数量”,用固定搭配the number of。故填the。
8.sharply 考查副词。空处缺副词作状语,修饰increasing。故填sharply。
9.depths 考查名词复数。根据语境可知,空处表示“深处”,应用复数形式depths。故填depths。
10.despite 考查介词。空处表示“尽管”,后接名词性短语,可用despite。故填despite。素养测练(九) UNIT 4 Part 1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Some of the (救援) workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
2.We should make every (努力) to protect the endangered animals.
3.The morning air is good to (呼吸).
4.I was (震惊)when I learnt that she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
5.With your words of (智慧),I suddenly felt unlimited freedom to dream.
6.All the athletes kept running rather than seeking (庇护所) from the rain.
7.Always lowering your head to check your cell phone could do (损害)to your neck.
8.Whenever a natural (灾难)happens,soldiers are always ready to protect people’s lives.
9.93 (百分之……)of the students who were interviewed said they liked this kind of activities.
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.This is one of the worst natural (disaster) ever to hit the area.
2.An earthquake left the city in (ruin).
3.He was so generous that he devoted a lot of money to the (flood) area.
4.The number of students learning English (be) larger than ever before.
5.As far as I’m concerned,staying up late is certain (affect) your health.
6.The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely (destroy).
7.The firemen came here right away (rescue) those trapped in the burning building.
8.I am very grateful that my parents have made great (effort) to shelter us from various dangers.
9.All the listeners were greatly (shock) when they heard the terrible news on radio.
10.The equipment can be purchased from your local (supply),who would offer a rather low price to you.
11.In that country,many companies are suffering a shortage of young and skilled staff now.
12.Learning the news that the storm yesterday didn’t cause damage our village,we felt relieved immediately.
13. (bury) under the ruins,the little girl was rather frightened.
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.A medical team,consisting of 15 doctors and 30 nurses, (建立) immediately when we got the news of the flood.
2.We all know that we can’t live (像往常一样) without good health.
3.If you can’t keep fit,you will often (遭受) your weak body.
4.He suddenly rushed out,leaving all the people in the room (吃惊).
5.It (看起来似乎) our team is going to win the match.
6.The city which was known for its wonderful view (沦为废墟) after the terrible earthquake.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters.It may cause great damage.So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.
Fragile items like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface,near the ground instead of being placed on the cupboards higher up.Never place them near your bed, sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down.When there is a strong movement,these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.
There is a strong chance of short circuits (短路) and fire during an earthquake.Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.
During an earthquake,lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged.Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you.Never use the elevator to go down.Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases at all times.
If you are outdoors,do not take shelter under a tree,streetlights,electric poles or tall buildings.If you are driving,stop your car and stay in a safe place.Do not park your car under a tree or any tall objects.
If trapped in debris (瓦砾堆),cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.Tap on a pipe or the wall so that rescuers can find you.Use a whistle if one is available.Never shout for help. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust.Do not light a match because you may burn yourself.Do not move about or kick up dust.
( )1.What is the purpose of the passage
A.The damage caused by earthquakes.
B.The rescue work after earthquakes.
C.How to prevent earthquakes.
D.What to do about earthquakes.
( )2.What does the underlined word “Fragile” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Easily found. B.Easily broken.
C.Expensive. D.Heavy.
( )3.What are people advised to do during the earthquake
A.Go out of the buildings at once.
B.Drive to a safe place quickly.
C.Take shelter under a tree.
D.Turn off electrical connections and gas immediately.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了在地震来临时,人们如何做才能把损害降到最低。
B
What do you think of when you hear the word “drought” Do you think of “dry” “hot” “dusty” “cracked (开裂的) earth” or even “no water” If so,you’re on the right track!
When some places are in drought,they may be dry,hot and dusty.Cracks may appear in the soil,and rivers,lakes,streams and other sources of water may go dry.Other places in drought get some rain,but not as much as they usually receive during that season.Drought means that a place has less rain or snow than normal over a few months or even longer.
Drought has many causes.It can be caused by not receiving rain or snow over a period of time.We learnt in the discussions above about the water cycle and weather.The changes in the wind patterns that move clouds and moisture through the atmosphere can cause a place not to receive its normal amount of rain or snow over a long period of time.
If you live in a place where most of the water you use comes from a river,a drought in your area can be caused by places upstream from you not receiving enough moisture.There would be less water in the river for you and other people who live along the river to use.
People can also play a big role in a drought.If we use too much water during times of normal rainfall,we might not have enough water when a drought happens.
( )4.What’s the purpose of Paragraph 1
A.To introduce the topic.
B.To analyse the problem.
C.To conclude the article.
D.To put forward an argument.
( )5.What will happen if a place is in drought
A.The weather will be dry,hot and windy.
B.There won’t be any water left in rivers or lakes.
C.There will be less rain or snow for quite a long time.
D.The rainy season will be replaced by the snowy season.
( )6.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “moisture” in Paragraph 3
A.Dust in the wind.
B.Rain in the soil.
C.Snow on the ground.
D.Water in the air.
( )7.What topics have been discussed before the passage
A.The definition of drought.
B.The water cycle and weather.
C.The causes of drought.
D.The influence of drought.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了干旱的定义、特征和形成的原因。
C
When someone is homeless or trying to recover from a natural disaster,they may be in need of a lot of basic necessities of life.While people are often encouraged to donate (捐赠) canned goods,not everyone is thinking about things like shoes.Of course,you can’t go looking for a new job or a home,if you have no shoes to walk in.One woman in Hays,Kansas,took this into consideration,and found a way to help hundreds of people.
Many stores were going out of business,and shoes were selling for as little as $1 per pair. So a woman named Tritt bought up all the remaining shoes at the store—more than 200 pairs—and donated them to flood victims in Nebraska.
Those shoes were then included in a flood relief shipment taken to farmers in Nebraska by Fort Hays State University (FHSU).Tritt,who recently graduated from FHSU’s human resources programme,wanted to “pay it forward”.
“I have been so lucky,”she said.“There have been so many great people in my life who have inspired (鼓舞) me. I see so many terrible things in the news.So many people have helped me when I was down. They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.”
Tritt has a history of charitable (慈善的) acts.She has donated more than 60 bags of school supplies to Hays students,and organised a baby clothes drive and two supply drives for the animal shelter.
“I really feel I have been directed and guided to help people,” she said.“If you can do something for someone else,you need to find a way even if it is a pair of shoes.”
( )8.How did Tritt help flood victims
A.By sending them food.
B.By buying them shoes.
C.By raising money for them.
D.By helping them find jobs.
( )9.What does the underlined phrase “pay it forward” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Pay ahead of time.
B.Save some money.
C.Pass the love.
D.Put forward the plan.
( )10.What made Tritt volunteer to help those victims
A.The low price of shoes.
B.Other people’s influence.
C.Ideas from her school.
D.The sad situation of victims.
( )11.Which word can best describe Tritt
A.Caring. B.Brave.
C.Clever. D.Independent.
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位女士给洪水受灾者买鞋并帮助他们的故事。
Ⅱ.七选五
If you’re driving a car during a wildfire,do your best to stay calm.You can increase your chances of survival by taking as many safety tips as possible and remaining as calm as you can.
Check social media and the news for any information about where the fire is and where it’s heading. 1. If you know or can see the direction the fire is moving in,try to drive away from it as best as you can.
Drive slowly and turn on your headlights and hazard lights (危险警示灯).2. By doing so firefighters around might see your car and help you.
3. Accidents are a major risk in poor driving conditions.People and animals might be frightened and running on the road.If you’re worried that people or animals are nearby but you can’t see them,use your horn (喇叭).
Cover your nose and mouth with a cloth and close all the windows to protect yourself from the smoky air while you drive.
Keep the radio on while driving.Keep listening to the radio for information about where the fire is heading. Check online and social media for updates on the fire if you have another person in your car.Is it growing in a new direction 4. This is valuable information that might cause you to change the course and could save your life.
Pull over if you see flames getting closer.If your way becomes blocked (阻挡) or you can see the fire moving towards you,pull the car over to a safe area.5.
A.Is there anyone injured
B.Have the winds changed at all
C.Keep a close watch on accidents.
D.Keep an eye out for people or animals.
E.Look for a parking lot to park your car in.
F.Make your car easily seen in the smoky conditions.
G.Drive in the opposite direction from smoke or flames.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了开车时遭遇野火应该怎么做。
Ⅲ.语法填空
The world’s oceans have reached their hottest level in recorded history over the past two years,supercharging (加剧) extreme weather events,scientists have reported.They found that the hottest recorded years in the oceans 1. (occur) since 2015,and that the rate of heating since 1986 was eight times higher than 2. from 19601985.Oceans cover 71% of the planet and water can absorb thousands of times more heat than air,3. is why 93% of global heating is taken up by seas.
Hotter oceans destroy rainfall patterns,which 4. (lead) to floods,droughts and wildfires.Heat also causes seawater 5. (expand) and drives up sea levels.Scientists expect about one metre of sea level rise by the end of the 21st century,6. (threaten) 150 million people.Higher temperatures in the seas are also harming marine (海洋的) life,with
7. number of ocean heatwaves increasing 8. (sharp).
The study also finds that the sinking of surface waters and upwelling of deeper water is reducing as the seas heat up.This means the surface layer heats up even further and fewer nutrients for marine life are brought up from the 9. (depth).
“The oceans reached yet another new record level of warmth in 2020,10. a record drop in global carbon emissions.The planet will continue to warm up as long as we emit carbon into the atmosphere,” said Prof Michael Mann of Penn State University.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了全球海平面上升的现状及其所带来的危害。素养测练(十) UNIT 4 Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.She felt a (轻敲)on her shoulder and turned around.
2.In face of danger,we should keep (镇静).
3.Last year a terrible flood (袭击)that area.
4.He gave us a (挥手) as the bus drove off.
5.We promise to (递送)free of charge within 48 hours.
6.Every storm is an example of the (力量)of nature.
7.Can you give me a quick (总结) of your research
8.Global warming has a great (影响)on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.
答案:1.tap 2.calm 3.struck 4.wave 5.deliver 6.power 7.summary 8.effect
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.The lecture (deliver) by Mr Smith is wonderful.
2.At the railway station,the mother (wave) goodbye to her daughter until the train was out of sight.
3.Thanks to scientists’ tireless research on the disease, (effect) treatments are available.
4.They escaped through an (emergent) exit and immediately called 119 to report the fire.
5.It is widely acknowledged that the media has a (power) influence on public opinion.
6.The (long) of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is 55 km and it is the world’s longest sea-crossing bridge.
7. (strike) by the hurricane,the area had a power cut,but quickly it was back to normal.
答案:1.delivered 2.waved 3.effective 4.emergency 5.powerful 6.length
7.Struck
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.I (正要上床睡觉) when someone knocked at the door.
2.His performance has (彻底消除) any doubts about his ability to deal with the job.
3.The government has done whatever it can to (确保) people live a better life.
4. (出于感激),she planned to prepare a gift made by herself for her dear teacher.
5.Children should be educated to (远离) busy roads when they are alone.
答案:1.was about to go to bed 2.swept away 3.make sure 4.Out of gratitude 5.stay away from
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.Please send me all the information you have about the applicant for the position.
2.Is this the teacher rescued several students from the burning building
3.Do you know the lady our English teacher is talking with under the big tree
4.I was the only person in our class was praised by the headmaster at the meeting.
5.My mother bought a new bike for me price added up to more than 500 yuan.
6.The man to you spoke just now is my captain.
答案:1.that 2.who/that 3.who/that/whom 4.that/who 5.whose 6.whom
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Elephants on the coast of Thailand are acting strangely.They stamp their feet and signal (示意) towards the hills.The sea draws back from the beaches.Fish flop (扑腾) on the seabed.
Suddenly,a huge wave appears.This is no ordinary wave.It is a tsunami!
Tsunami waves are larger and faster than normal surface waves.A tsunami wave can travel as fast as a jet plane and can be as tall as a ten-storey building.Imagine dropping a stone into a pool and the water on the surface ripples (起细浪).A tsunami is like a very powerful ripple.Tsunamis begin when the ocean rises or falls very suddenly.Lots of seawater is displaced.This movement causes huge waves.
If a tsunami happens,there must be some kind of force that causes the ocean water to become displaced.Most tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes.However,volcanoes,landslides,and large icebergs can also cause one of these huge waves.
Tsunamis are extremely powerful.Ordinary waves lose power when they break.Tsunami waves can remain powerful for several days.Because tsunami waves are so strong,they can kill people,damage buildings,and completely ruin an ecosystem in just one hour.
Scientists have no way of telling people in advance when a tsunami will hit.However,if a powerful enough earthquake happens,scientists can send out a warning or a watch.A warning means that a tsunami will very likely hit soon.A watch means that conditions are suitable for a tsunami.When people receive a watch or a warning,they have more time to prepare.It is best not to get caught unaware (没意识到) when a tsunami is on the way!
( )1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.Causes of tsunamis.
B.Signs of tsunamis.
C.The force of tsunamis.
D.The effect of tsunamis.
( )2.What does the underlined word “displaced” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Moved. B.Polluted.
C.Stored. D.Lost.
( )3.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.A warning is more serious than a watch.
B.A warning is sent out after an earthquake.
C.A watch means a tsunami may not happen.
D.A warning means a tsunami will surely happen.
( )4.What is the purpose of the text
A.To tell a story.
B.To provide facts.
C.To give advice.
D.To compare opinions.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了海啸产生的原因及其带来的危害。
答案及剖析:
1.B 段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知,第一段描述了一些奇怪的迹象,例如大象跺着脚向山上张望,海水从海滩退去,鱼在海床上扑腾,然后,海啸发生了,这些奇怪的迹象都是海啸发生的征兆,由此可知,第一段主要讲的是海啸的征兆。故选B。
2.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词上句“Tsunamis begin when the ocean rises or falls very suddenly.”和下句“This movement causes huge waves.”可知,海水突然涨落引发了巨浪,这就是海啸,由此可知,画线部分指的是当海水突然涨落时,大量海水移位,所以才会引发巨浪,Moved意为“移动”,能够表达画线词在句中所要表达的意思。故选A。
3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一、第二句可知,科学家们无法提前告诉人们海啸何时发生,但如果发生了足够强烈的地震,科学家就可以发出海啸预警,由此可知,海啸预警是在地震后发出的。故选B。
4.B 推理判断题。通读全文并结合第二段的“Tsunamis begin when the ocean rises or falls very suddenly.”和第四段的“Tsunamis are extremely powerful.”可知,本文主要介绍了海啸产生的原因及其带来的危害,这是对客观事实的叙述,作用是向人们普及知识,由此可知,文章的写作目的是提供事实。故选B。
B
Living on the Florida Emerald Coast,people view a hurricane as a common thing.So it is not unusual for a family to have several full gas cans and bottled water stored in their houses all summer.
Though unwilling to evacuate from a hurricane,on 15 September,my family was forced to leave our home for my grandfather’s house several miles away.We spent the early part of that evening watching the hurricane draw closer on the weather channel.Around 9 o’clock,a loud sound shook the house,turned over the roof and carried it off.Soon came an indoor rainstorm.
Realising the damage,my grandfather began to be afraid.The storm had started,but he still ran out into the heavy rain and wind to see how much of the roof was left.We got him back inside.I had never seen him so scared.Mum finally asked him to lie down in his room.
The leak had progressed rapidly.It soon became a race against time to protect what was saved. Some people may think it necessary to save material things,but I hoped to save those items with emotional value,such as the photos.I still feared the storm,but I more feared the influence it brought.
The next morning,it started to clear up.Thankfully,my family weathered the storm,though the same could not be said for the house.Only the wooden beams remained,but inside many of his things were safe.My mum and I had worked tirelessly through the night.
It was late,but we were still unwilling to go to bed.We discussed the rebuilding of the house.Under the beautiful sky,we suggested looking after my grandfather more often in the future.After this disaster,I realised the truth that the hurricane itself was not so terrible if we loved each other.
( )5.Why do the people store full gas cans and bottled water
A.To save much money.
B.To watch a hurricane easily.
C.To protect their houses well.
D.To be prepared for hurricanes.
( )6.How did the author’s grandfather feel during the hurricane
A.Frightened. B.Surprised.
C.Calm. D.Angry.
( )7.What does the underlined word “weathered” in Paragraph 5 mean
A.Prepared well for.
B.Waited patiently for.
C.Came safely through.
D.Suffered seriously from.
( )8.What may the author learn from the experience
A.Family love is powerful.
B.Take things as they come.
C.Good health is over wealth.
D.Lost time is never found again.
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家度过飓风的经历。
答案及剖析:
5.D 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,人们储存汽油罐和瓶装水是为了应对飓风。故选D。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,祖父在飓风中感觉十分害怕。故选A。
7.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词上下文可知,第二天早上,天开始放晴,虽然这所房子变得不一样了,但值得庆幸的是,作者一家安全度过了这场风暴。因此画线词的意思应是“安全度过”。故选C。
8.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可推知,作者从这次经历中认识到亲情是很强大的。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
The day before my daughter’s sixth birthday,the whole family was busy packing presents.I
1 my little princess that I would wake her up early the next morning and hand out the presents to her 2 .
I woke up at 5:30.After taking a shower,I planned to wake her up but as I came out from the bathroom,I realised that an earthquake 3 .I screamed (高声喊) to wake my husband and my daughter up.We rushed out of our house.Outside we watched our house 4 .It lasted for 3 minutes.The house survived but some 5 appeared in the walls.
In spite of (尽管) the 6 earthquake,I went to my daughter’s school at 8:00 as planned but no one was there except the teacher,who 7 me to go back as a tsunami might come soon.On the way home I heard a policeman cry out loud,“Stay 8 ! No tsunami!”
At home,I 9 about the presents:To whom should we deliver them After some 10 with my family,I decided to give them to the children in a nearby 11 .Upon getting there,I was really shocked.There were hundreds of injured people waiting for treatment.
A boy 12 with a bandage on his head.He looked at me with his 13 eyes as if asking,“Could I have one ” 14 I handed over one present to him.He took it happily and ran to his mum,shouting,“Mummy...a toy car!”Never would I forget his shining eyes!I was happy that our presents could bring a little 15 to those suffering from a disaster.
( )1.A.cheated B.promised
C.lectured D.reminded
( )2.A.editors B.neighbours
C.teachers D.classmates
( )3.A.continued B.struck
C.improved D.remained
( )4.A.shaking B.reviving
C.falling apart D.moving off
( )5.A.cracks B.flashes
C.designs D.errors
( )6.A.unique B.awkward
C.unexpected D.meaningless
( )7.A.begged B.invited
C.allowed D.urged
( )8.A.calm B.patient
C.curious D.amazed
( )9.A.knew B.wondered
C.dreamt D.complained
( )10.A.contact B.trouble
C.discussion D.agreement
( )11.A.school B.factory
C.hospital D.garden
( )12.A.signed up B.checked out
C.worked out D.came up
( )13.A.confident B.strange
C.angry D.questioning
( )14.A.Extremely B.Actually
C.Immediately D.Officially
( )15.A.joy B.anger
C.anxiety D.surprise
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。作者的女儿生日当天发生了地震,作者去学校派送礼物时发现学校里没有人,最后将礼物送给了附近医院的孩子们。
答案及剖析:
1.B 根据空后内容可知,作者向女儿承诺(promised)会在第二天早上叫醒她,去分发礼物。故选B。
2.D 根据下文中的“I went to my daughter’s school...except the teacher”可知,此处表示作者和女儿打算将礼物送给女儿的同学们(classmates)。故选D。
3.B 根据下文中的“I screamed (高声喊) to wake my husband...our house 4 .”可知,作者意识到地震来袭了(struck)。故选B。
4.A 根据上文中的“I realised that an earthquake 3 ”以及常识可知,作者一家在外面应是看着房子在摇晃(shaking)。故选A。
5.A 根据上文中的“The house survived but”及常识可知,房子虽无大碍,但墙上出现了一些裂缝(cracks)。故选A。
6.C 根据上文中的“I planned to wake her up...an earthquake 3 ”可知,地震是意料之外(unexpected)发生的。故选C。
7.D 根据下文中的“as a tsunami might come soon”可知,老师催促(urged)作者回去。故选D。
8.A 根据下文中的“No tsunami!”可知,警察提醒人们保持冷静(calm),没有发生海啸。故选A。
9.B 根据下文中的“To whom should we deliver them ”可知,此处表示作者在琢磨(wondered)礼物应该送给谁。故选B。
10.C 根据空后句可知,作者和家人商量(discussion)了之后决定将礼物送给医院的孩子们。故选C。
11.C 根据下文中的“There were hundreds of injured people waiting for treatment.”可知,作者决定将礼物送给医院(hospital)的孩子们。故选C。
12.D 根据下文中的“He looked at me with his 13 eyes as if asking,‘Could I have one ’”可知,此处表示一个头上缠着绷带的男孩走到作者跟前(came up)。故选D。
13.D 根据下文中的“as if asking ‘Could I have one ’”可知,男孩用询问的(questioning)眼光看着作者。故选D。
14.C 根据语境可知,此处应是说作者立刻(Immediately)给了男孩一件礼物。故选C。
15.A 根据上文中的“He took it happily...”可知,作者的礼物给人们带来了喜悦(joy)。故选A。
Ⅲ.写作训练
假设你是李华,昨天一场可怕的地震袭击了你的家乡。请你为校英语报写一篇新闻报道,介绍地震的相关情况,要点如下:
1.地震造成的破坏;
2.救援工作;
3.表达希望。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
[写作指导]
One possible version:
A terrible earthquake struck my hometown yesterday,causing great damage.
A lot of houses and roads were destroyed,leaving many people injured or homeless.What’s more,the number of deaths was large.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
Luckily,the soldiers came to help searching for survivors and digging out people who were trapped in ruins.The government provided fresh water,food and shelters for the people in need.We hope that a new home will be built with the support of the government and efforts of the people.
