Unit1My Dream Job-Exploring the Topic（单词讲解）

Unit 1 My Dream Job 单元核心知识（背诵版）
Exploring the Topic
一、核心词汇（黑体部分为重点词汇）
英语单词 音标 词性 中文意思 课文例句 页码
blind /bla nd/ adj. 瞎的；失明的 For example, guide dog teachers train guide dogs to help blind people. P6
词义拓展 v. 使……看不见，使……失明 The dust choked and blinded him. 尘土呛得他呼吸困难，眼睛也好似瞎了一样。 n. 百叶窗 a roller blind卷帘 词汇拓展 adv. 盲目地 Don’t just blindly accept what you are told. 不要盲目相信别人的话。
patient / pe nt/ n.&adj. 病人；有耐心的 For example, doctors and nurses work at night because patients need help. P6
常用搭配 be patient with 对……有耐心 Louise was very patient with me. Louise 对我很有耐心。 词汇拓展： patiently 耐心地 She waited patiently for Frances to finish. 她耐心地等Frances弄完。
railway / re lwe / n. 铁路；铁道 Some railway workers also work at night because a few trains run during night time. P6
常用搭配 railway station 火车站
modern / m dn/ adj. 现代的；当代的；近代的 I want to be a modern farmer in the future. P7
词汇拓展 modernity n. 现代 modernize v. 现代化 modernism n. 现代主义，现代派 modernistic adj. 现代主义的 同义词 contemporary
future / fju t (r)/ n. 将来；未来 I want to be a modern farmer in the future. P7
常用搭配 in future 今后 Please be more careful in future. 今后请多加小心。 词汇辨析 in future & in the future in the future：意为“在将来”，指在将来的某一时刻，不一定从现在开始。一般指相对遥远的未来。 表未在不远的将来用 in the near future. No one knows what will happen in the future. 没有人知道将来会发生什么。 He will get married in the near future. 在不久的将来，他会结婚。 in future：意为“今后，从今以后”，侧重强调从现在开始计算，相当于 from now on. I hope you will be more careful in future. 我希望你今后更加认真一些。 Make sure the door is never left unlocked in future. 从今以后，千万别忘记锁好门户。
alarm / lɑ m/ n. 警报；闹铃 We heard the alarm and received a fire call. P7
词义拓展 n. 惊恐，惊慌 She looked up in alarm. 她惊慌地抬头看。 v. 使不安，使惊慌 I don’t want to alarm you, but I can’t find the key. 我不想吓你，但我找不到钥匙了。 词汇辨析： terror & panic & alarm & fright fear the bad feeling that you have when you are in danger, when sth. bad might happen, or when a particular thing frightens you 指害怕、惧怕、担忧： (a) fear of flying害怕坐飞机 She showed no fear. 她毫无惧色。 terror a feeling of extreme fear 指惊恐、恐惧、惊骇： Her eyes were wild with terror. 她的眼睛里充满了恐惧。 panic a sudden feeling of great fear that cannot be controlled and prevents you from thinking clearly 指惊恐、恐慌： I had a sudden moment of panic. 我突然一阵惊慌。 alarm fear or worry that sb feels when sth. dangerous or unpleasant might happen 指惊恐、惊慌、恐慌： The doctor said there was no cause for alarm. 医生说不必惊慌。 fright a feeling of fear, usually sudden 通常指突如其来的惊吓、恐怖： She cried out in fright. 她吓得大声叫喊。
receive /r s v/ v. 受到，收到 We heard the alarm and received a fire call. P7
词汇拓展 receiver 接收器 reception 接待
sofa / s f / n. 沙发 A house was on fire and a child was on the sofa in the bedroom. P7
同义词 couch
fireman / fa m n/ n. 消防队员 We put on the fireman uniforms, rushed to the house, saved the child and put out the fire. P7
复数 firemen 同义词 firefighter
uniform / ju n f m/ n. 制服；校服 We put on the fireman uniforms, rushed to the house, saved the child and put out the fire. P7
词义拓展 ※ adj. 全部相同的，一致的 Grade A eggs must be of uniform size. A级鸡蛋必须大小相同。 词汇拓展 ※ n. uniformity 统一，一致 They tried to ensure uniformity across the different departments. 们努力保证各部门之间的统一。 ※ adv. 一致地，均匀地 Pressure must be uniformly distributed over the whole surface. 力必须均匀分布于整个表面。
rush /r / v. 迅速移动 We put on the fireman uniforms, rushed to the house, saved the child and put out the fire. P7
常用搭配 ※ rush to do sth. 赶忙做某事 He rushed to help his friend. 他赶紧去帮他的朋友。 ※ rush sth through 匆匆地处理 She rushed through her script. 她匆匆读完稿子。 rush hour 交通高峰期 词义拓展 n. 猛烈移动；仓促 Shoppers made a rush for the exits. 购物者冲向出口。 The words came out in a rush. 那些话一股脑儿都出来了。
dangerous / de nd r s/ adj. 有危险的 Fighting fires is very dangerous, and firemen are brave. P7
常用搭配 It is dangerous for sb to do sth. 对于某人来说，做某事很危险。 It’s dangerous for a woman to walk alone at night. 女子一个人走夜路有危险。 词汇拓展 dangerously adv. 危险地 people who drive dangerously 危险驾车的人 danger n. 危险 The people believe that their lives are in danger. 人们认为他们有生命危险。 be in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险
brave /bre v/ adj. 勇敢的 Fighting fires is very dangerous, and firemen are brave. P7
词汇拓展 bravely adv. 坚强地 She smiled bravely. 她坚强地笑了。
tiny / ta n / adj. 极小的；微小的 I see in my mind Deng Qingming in a tiny space with … P8
taikonaut / ta k n t/ n. (中国的) 航天员 Deng Qingming is a taikonaut with a great dream. P8
pioneer / pa n (r)/ n. 先锋；带头人；开发者 In 1998, he joined China’s space team as a young pioneer. P8
词义拓展 v. 开创；倡导 It was universities that pioneered these new industries. 是大学开创了这些新兴产业。
journey / d n / n. (尤指长途) 旅行 To prepare for that day, he started a long and hard journey of training with his teammates. P8
词义辨析 journey & trip & tour & expedition journey→ especially British English an occasion when you travel from one place to another – used especially about travelling a long distance, or travelling somewhere regularly 【尤英】〔尤指长途或经常性的〕旅行，旅程 The journey took us over three hours. 我们路上花了三个多小时。 My journey to work normally takes around 30 minutes. 我上班路上通常要花30分钟左右。 trip →a journey to visit a place 旅行，旅程，出行 How about a trip to the seaside on Saturday 星期六去海边玩怎么样？ a business trip 商务旅行 tour →a journey for pleasure, during which you visit several different towns, areas etc 旅游，游览，观光 Last summer we went on a tour of Europe. 去年夏天我们去欧洲旅游了。 expedition →a long and carefully organized journey, especially to a dangerous or unfamiliar place 〔尤指到危险或陌生地方的〕远征，探险，考察 Scott’s expedition to the Antarctic 斯科特的南极探险 a military expedition出兵远征
training / tre n / n. 训练；培训 To prepare for that day, he started a long and hard journey of training with his teammates. P8
词汇拓展 train n. 火车 We went all the way to Inverness by train. 我们一路坐火车到因弗内斯。 v. 训练，培训 train sb to do sth. 培训某人做某事 Employees are trained to deal with emergency situations. 雇员接受过应急情况处理的培训。 trainee 实习生 The trainees start next week. 实习生下周开始上班。 trainer 教练 a racehorse trainer赛马驯马师
without /w a t/ prep. 没有；缺乏 They trained, for example, to live in a small space, eat special space food, work under strong lights and go without showers. P8
ready / red / adj. 准备好 They knew that they must always be ready, both in mind and body. P8
常用搭配 ready for sth. 为……做准备 I don’t feel that I’m ready for my driving test yet. 我觉得我还没有准备好参加驾驶考试。 ready to do sth. 准备做某事 Everything’s packed, and we’re ready to leave. 所有的东西都装好了，我们可以走了。
nearly / n l / adv. 差不多；将近 For nearly 25 years, Deng had no chance to fly into space. P8
chance /t ɑ ns/ n. 机会；机遇 For nearly 25 years, Deng had no chance to fly into space. P8
同义词 opportunity 常用搭配 take a chance 冒险，碰运气 Dennis was not a man to take chances. Dennis不是个敢冒风险的人。 by chance 巧合，偶然 He had met Mr Maude by chance. 他曾邂逅过Maude先生。
spaceship / spe s p/ n. (航天) 飞船 On November 29, 2022, Deng flew into space on the Shenzhou-15 spaceship. P8
succeed /s k s d/ v. 成功；实现目标 Deng succeeded by holding on to his dream and working hard for it. P8
常用搭配 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事 Very few people succeed in losing weight and keeping it off. 很少有人能减肥成功不反弹的。 词义拓展 v. 接替，继承 Reeves will succeed Segal as Speaker of the House. Reeves将接替Segal担任议院议长。 词汇拓展 success n. 成功；胜利 The experiment was a big success. 实验非常成功。 successful adj. 成功的 The operation was successful. 手术成功了。 successfully adv. 顺利地;成功地 He successfully completed a master’s degree. 他顺利读完硕士学位。 unsuccessful adj. 不成功的，失败的 an unsuccessful attempt to climb Everest 攀登珠穆朗玛峰的失败尝试
act / kt/ n.&v. 行为；所为；扮演；行动 The act of traveling from one place to another P9
especially / spe l / adv. 尤其；特别 To learn the skills, especially for a job P9
词汇拓展 especial adj. 特别的，特殊的 The authorities took especial interest in him because of his trade union work. 因为他在工会工作，官方对他特别感兴趣。 special adj. 特别的，特殊的 No one receives special treatment. 没有人享有特殊待遇。 词汇辨析 particular & especial & special particular： 意思是"特别的"、"特殊的"、"某一特定的"、"过于讲究的"，强调同类中某一个体所具有的独特性质。 常用介词有about, as to, over, to等。 I like meat in general, and mutton in particular. 我总的来说喜欢吃肉，特别爱吃羊肉。 especial： 意思是"特别的"、"特殊的"，含有优越或偏好的意义，多用于书面语。 Oxford architecture receives especial attention. 牛津大学的建筑特别引人注目。 special： 意思是"特别的"、"特殊的"、"特设的"、"专门的"，着重指某事物具有自己特有的性质、性格或个性，非同一般的，不同寻常的，与同类明显相异。 常用介词有about, to等。 You must have special permission to take photos of these paintings. 你必须有特别许可证才能对这些画拍照。
quality / kw l t / n.&adj. 人品；质量；优质的，高质量的 What qualities should a taikonaut have according to the story of Deng Qingming P9
词汇拓展 qualify v. 使有资格；使有权利 This training course will qualify you for a better job. 本培训课程将使你能胜任更好的工作。
according(to) / k d tu/ — 据 (…… 所说)；按 (…… 所报道) What qualities should a taikonaut have according to the story of Deng Qingming P9
grandpa / gr npɑ / n. 爷爷；姥爷 My grandpa works on a farm. P10
piano /p n / n. 钢琴 My sister really likes playing the piano. P10
词汇拓展 pianist n. 钢琴家
interested / ntr st d/ adj. 感兴趣的；关心的 Wenbo is interested in tennis, and he likes to be a tennis player. P10
词汇拓展 interesting adj. 有趣的，吸引人的 a really interesting TV show 十分有趣的电视节目 interest n. 兴趣 Ben has shown an interest in learning French. Ben表现出想学法语的兴趣。 n. 利息 The interest on the loan is 16% per year. 贷款年利率为16%。 v. 使感兴趣，使关注 Politics doesn't interest me. 我对政治不感兴趣。
direct /d rekt/ v.&adj. 导演；指挥；直接的 P10
movie / mu v / n. 电影 Jim likes watching movies and he dreams of becoming a director one day. P10
同义词 film
illness / ln s/ n. (身体或精神上的) 疾病，病 I also hope to help people with their illnesses, so I would be very happy to be a doctor in the future. P10
词汇拓展 ill adj. 生病的 Her father is seriously ill in St Luke's hospital. 她父亲住在圣路加医院，病情很重
explorer / k spl r (r)/ n. 探险者 He wants to be an explorer. P10
词汇拓展 explore v. 探索 They explored the land to the south of the Murray River. 他们勘查了墨累河以南的地区。
curious / kj r s/ adj. 求知欲强的；好奇的 He is very curious about the secrets of nature. P10
常用搭配 be curious about 对……好奇 They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs. 他们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。 词汇拓展 curiously adv. 好奇地 “Are you really an artist ” Sara asked curiously. “你真是画家吗？” 萨拉好奇地问道。 curiosity n. 好奇 Children show curiosity about everything. 儿童对一切事物都显露出好奇心 incurious adj. 不好奇的 He's strangely incurious about what goes on around him. 真奇怪，他对周围发生的事毫无兴趣。
secret / s kr t/ n. 秘密 He is very curious about the secrets of nature. P10
词义拓展 adj. 秘密的 secret information 秘密信息 常用搭配 in secret 秘密地，暗地里 The meeting was held in secret. 会议是秘密召开的。 词汇拓展 secretly adv. 秘密地 They were secretly married. 他们秘密结婚了。
tomorrow /t m r / adv.&n. 在明天；明天 We will have a class meeting tomorrow. P11
opinion / p nj n/ n. 意见；想法 Will you share your opinion P11
常用搭配 in my opinion 在我看来 In my opinion, the law should be changed. 我认为，该法律应当修改。 have a high/low/good/bad opinion of sb/sth. 对某人/某事物评价很高/很低/很好/很差等 They have a very high opinion of Paula’s work. 他们对葆拉的工作评价很高。
course /k s/ n. 课程；进程 Of course, I will. P11
常用搭配 of course 当然 of course not 当然不，决不
officer / f s (r)/ n. 高级职员，官员；军官 I’m going to be a dancer, and my brother is going to be an officer. P11
词汇拓展 office n. 办公室
vote /v t/ v. 投票；选出 I will vote for Kangkang as our team head. P11
常用搭配 vote for/against投票赞同/反对 Did you vote for or against her 你投了她的赞成票还是反对票？ 词汇拓展 voter n. 投票人
choose /t u z/ v. 选择；挑选 Will you choose to be a lawyer P11
choose-chose-chosen 常用搭配 choose to do sth. 选择做某事 I chose to learn German. 我选择学习德语。 词汇拓展 choice n. 选择 We are faced with a difficult choice. 我们面临着困难的抉择。
lawyer / l (r)/ n. 律师 Will you choose to be a lawyer P11
词汇拓展 law n. 法律 obey the law 遵守法律 lawful adj. 合法的 his lawful wife 他的合法妻子
competition / k mp t n/ n. 比赛；竞赛 Next week, Zihan is going to take part in the Top Young Cooks of the Year Competition. P11
词汇拓展 compete v. 竞争 We can't compete with them on price. 我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。 competitive competitive games竞技性的比赛 competitor n. 竞争者 our main/major competitor 我们主要的竞争对手
encourage / n k r d / v. 鼓励；激励 She hopes to encourage kids to learn cooking. P11
常用搭配 encourage sb to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 We were encouraged to learn foreign languages at school. 在校时，学校鼓励我们学习外语。 词汇拓展 encouragement n. 鼓励 He needs all the support and encouragement he can get. 他需要所能得到的一切支持和鼓励。 discourage v. 劝阻；使灰心 You should not let one failure discourage you. 你不该失败一次就灰心丧气。 discouragement n. 泄气；劝阻 a feeling of discouragement 心灰意冷的感觉
proud /pra d/ adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 Her friends and family are very proud of her. P11
常用搭配 be proud of 以……为荣 Her parents are very proud of her. 她的父母深以她为荣。 词汇拓展 proudly adv. 骄傲地 She proudly displayed her prize. 她得意地展示所获的奖品。 pride n. 骄傲 He takes great pride in his children’s achievements. 他为儿女的成就感到非常骄傲。
success /s k ses/ n. 成功；胜利 They think Zihan’s book will be a big success. P11
二、核心短语
序号 英语短语 中文意思 课文例句 页码
1 a lot of 许多 A lot of people work with animal. P6
2 work with 与……一起工作 A lot of people work with animal. P6
3 for example 例如 For example, vets often help sick animals on the farm, in the zoo or in the animal park. P6
4 in one's mind 在某人的心中 When you are reading a text, try to picture what you are reading in your mind to help you understand the text. P7
5 care about 关注；关心 Modern farmers grow more green food and care more about people’s health. P7
6 be on fire 着火；失火 A house was on fire and a child was on the sofa in the bedroom. P7
7 put out 扑灭，熄灭；扔掉 We put on the fireman uniforms, rushed to the house, saved the child and put out the fire. P7
8 put on 穿上 We put on the fireman uniforms, rushed to the house, saved the child and put out the fire. P7
9 rush to 冲向 We put on the fireman uniforms, rushed to the house, saved the child and put out the fire. P7
10 save...from... 从…… 中救…… From this experience, we learned how to put out fire and save people from fire. P7
11 make a promise 许下承诺 From the very first day, he made a promise to himself—to fly into space one day. P8
12 fly into space 飞入太空 From the very first day, he made a promise to himself—to fly into space one day. P8
13 prepare for 为…… 做准备 To prepare for that day, he started a long and hard journey of training with his teammates. P8
14 live in 居住 They trained, for example, to live in a small space, eat special space food, work under strong lights and go without showers. P8
15 have no chance to do 没有机会做某事 For nearly 25 years, Deng had no chance to fly into pace. P8
16 give up 放弃 But he did not give up. P8
17 keep doing sth. 坚持做某事 He kept training and always believed in his dream. P8
18 believe in 相信；相信……的存在 He kept training and always believed in his dream. P8
19 pay off 成功，奏效；付清；得到好结果 Finally, his hard work paid off. P8
20 hold on to 坚持 Deng succeeded by holding on to his dream and working hard for it. P8
22 set an example 树立榜样 He sets an excellent example to us all. P8
21 as long as 只要 His story teaches us that our dreams will one day come true as long as we keep going. P8
21 come true 实现；成为现实 His story teaches us that our dreams will one day come true as long as we keep going. P8
22 learn from 从……学习到 What can we learn from Deng Qingming P9
23 according to 根据；依照 What qualities should a taikonaut have according to the story of Deng Qingming P9
24 be/become interested in 对…… 感兴趣 Wenbo is interested in tennis, and he likes to be a tennis player. P10
25 at the age of... 在…… 岁时 Ziwen began to learn dancing at the age of 5. P10
26 watch movies 看电影 Jim likes watching movies and he dreams of becoming a director one day. P10
27 dream of 梦想 Jim likes watching movies and he dreams of becoming a director one day. P10
28 make friends with 和……交朋友 I enjoy teaching children, and I love making friends with them. P10
29 as well as 和，以及 He is interested in mountains, rivers and forests on Earth, as well as stars in space. P10
25 be curious about 对…… 感到好奇 He is very curious about the secrets of nature. P10
26 of course 当然 Of course, I will. P11
27 take it easy 别急；沉住气 Take it easy. P11
28 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 She hopes to encourage kids to learn cooking. P11
29 take part in 参加 Next week, Zihan is going to take part in the Top Ten Young Cooks of the Year Competition. P11
三、重点句型
13. A lot of people work with animals. (许多人从事与动物相关的工作。)
14. Vets often help sick animals on the farm. (兽医常在农场帮助生病的动物。)
15. Guide dog teachers train guide dogs to help blind people. (导盲犬教师训练导盲犬帮助盲人。)
16. We sleep at night, but some people do their jobs at night. (我们夜晚睡觉，但有些人夜晚工作。)
17. Many doctors and nurses work at night because patients need help. (许多医生和护士夜间工作，因为病人需要帮助。)
18. I want to be a modern farmer in the future. (我想成为未来的现代农民。)
19. Modern farmers grow more green food and care more about people’s health. (现代农民种植更多绿色食品，更关注人们的健康。)
20. We put on the fireman uniforms, rushed to the house, saved the child and put out the fire. (我们穿上消防服，冲向房屋，救出孩子并扑灭大火。)
21. Fighting fires is very dangerous, and firemen are brave. (灭火非常危险，消防员很勇敢。)
22. Deng Qingming is a taikonaut with a great dream. (邓清明是怀揣伟大梦想的航天员。)
23. He joined China’s space team as a young pioneer. (他作为年轻先驱加入中国航天队。)
24. He kept training and always believed in his dream. (他坚持训练并始终相信梦想。)
25. Finally, his hard work paid off. (最终，他的努力得到了回报。)
26. He sets an excellent example to us all. (他为我们所有人树立了榜样。)
27. Our dreams will one day come true as long as we keep going. (只要坚持，梦想终会实现。)
28. My grandpa works on a farm. He is a farmer. (我祖父在农场工作。他是农民。)
29. My brother likes acting. He wants to be an actor. (我弟弟喜欢表演。他想成为演员。)
30. I want to be a teacher or a doctor. (我想成为教师或医生。)
31. I enjoy teaching children, and I love making friends with them. (我喜欢教孩子，也喜欢和他们交朋友。)
32. We will have a class meeting tomorrow. (明天我们将开班会。)
33. We are going to talk about dream jobs. (我们将讨论梦想职业。)
34. Will you share your opinion (你会分享你的观点吗？)
35. It is going to rain. (要下雨了。)
36. The rain won’t last long. (雨不会持续太久。)
四、核心语法
一般将来时（The simple future tense）
项目 be going to will
肯定句 主语+ be(am/is/are) + going to + 动词原形
例： I’m going to be a dancer.
They are going to be artists. 主语 + will + 动词原形
例： I will vote for Kangkang.
She will write a cook book.
否定句 主语 + be（am/is/are）+ not + going to + 动词原形
例： He isn’t going to be an officer. 主语 + will + not（won’t）+ 动词原形
例： The rain won’t last long.
一般疑问句及回答 be（am/is/are）+ 主语 + going to + 动词原形？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + be.
否定回答：No, 主语 + be + not.
例： —Are you going to be artists
—Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t. Will + 主语 + 动词原形？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + will.
否定回答：No, 主语 + won’t.
例： —Will you choose to be a lawyer
—Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + be（am/is/are）+ 主语 + going to + 动词原形？
例： What are they going to be 特殊疑问词 + will + 主语 + 动词原形？
例： When will she take part in the competition
用法区别 表示 “计划、安排好的将来动作” 或 “有迹象表明的即将发生的事”。
例： Zihan is going to take part in the competition.（计划好的事）
It is going to rain.（有迹象的事） 表示 “将来的动作 / 状态”“预测”“意愿或临时决定”。
例： Her book will be a big success.（预测）
I will share my opinion.（意愿）
重难点 1. 核心区别：be going to 强调 “计划 / 迹象”，will 强调 “预测 / 意愿 / 临时决定”。
2. 形式易错：be going to 中 “be 动词” 需随主语变化（如 he 用 is，they 用 are）；will 无人称变化，否定缩写为 won’t。
3. 语境判断：需结合上下文判断动作是 “计划好的” 还是 “临时 / 预测的”，如 “明天开会” 用 be going to（计划），“会议会很成功” 用 will（预测）