2026届高考英语二轮复习：语法填空(6篇)主题 课件(共25张PPT)

(共25张PPT)
2025年完胜高考语法填空
(6篇)
主题：Exploring
the universe
Space
People 1.________(study) the sky and the objects in it
as far back as 3,500 B.C. In 1609 the Italian scientist Galileo Galilei became the rst scientist 2.___________(observe) the stars through 3.________ telescope. It allowed people to see even 4.________(far) into space than they could with just their eyes. His theories and 5.________( nd) about the universe changed astronomy forever.
Where in the universe is Earth
studied
to observe
a
farther
ndings
一
Scientists have developed many other technologies 6.________(help) answer questions we have about the universe. Recent technological advances, such as more powerful telescopes 7._______ probes launched into space, have further contributed 8.________ what we know about our solar system and our galaxy, the Milky Way.
to help
and
to
A galaxy is a huge grouping of stars. Galaxies are found
throughout the universe and can have different shapes. The Milky Way Galaxy 9.__________(shape) like a pinwheel and is known as a spiral galaxy. Some galaxies are elliptical, or oval-shaped. 10.__________(regular) galaxies have no particular shape.
is shaped
Irregular
The Sun is in one of the “arms” of the spiral, 1.______ is only one of 2._______ least 100 billion stars in the Milky Way. The galaxy spins within the universe, and makes one complete rotation once every 200 million years.
and
at
二
The Solar System
Our solar system is made up of the Sun and nine planets, 3._________(include) Earth. These nine planets orbit the Sun. The Sun’s gravity keeps the planets in their orbits. The orbits of all of the planets, except Pluto, are almost circular. Natural bodies 4._________(call) moons orbit most planets in the solar system. Some planets have only one moon, 5._________ others have many. Mercury and Venus do not have any moons.
Where in the universe is Earth
including
called
while
Other objects also orbit the Sun in our solar system. More than 100,000 asteroids orbit the Sun. Asteroids are small bodies made of rock and ets orbit the Sun in long, narrow, oval 6._________(ets are made of ice. When a comet goes pastthe Sun, some of the ice turns 7._______ gas, 8._________(form) the tail of the comet. One of the most famous comets is Halley’s comet. It passes close to Earth once every seventy-six years.
paths
into
forming
Great distances separate the objects in our solar system. Scientists use a measurement known as an astronomical unit (AU) 9.____________(measure) these distances. An AU is about 149.6 million kilometers. It is about the same 10.______ the average distance between Earth and the Sun.
to measure
as
Scientists classify the planets into two different groups.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars 1._________(call) inner planets. They are 2._______(close) to the Sun, and have solid, rocky surfaces that resemble the surface of Earth. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto are outer planets. They are farther away 3._______ the Sun. With the exception of Pluto, the outer planets are 4._______(main) composed of gases and are extremely large. Pluto, the planet 5.___________ is farthest from the Sun, is different from the other outer planets. Pluto is small, solid, and more like the inner planets.
are called
closer
from
三
mainly
that
/ which
How Planets Are Arranged
The distances between the planets in our solar
system are 6._______ great that it would be dif cult 7._________(show) a scale model in this book. In the previous two pages, you saw the arrangement of the planets, but not the actual distance between them.
Where in the universe is Earth
so
to show
The chart below shows 8._________ the relative distances between the planets in our solar system would be if Earth were 1 millimeter wide at the equator. The sizes of the planets relative to Earth are also listed. If you looked at a ruler, you would see that 1 millimeter is very small. Now look at how far Earth is from the Sun 9._________(use) these scale sizes—11.7 meters. If Earth were the size of a marble, the Sun would be about 100 meters away. That is longer than 10._________ football eld!
what
using
a
Planets Are Unique
The distance between a planet and the Sun can affect 1._________ temperature of a planet. For example, Venus is twice as close to the Sun 2.________ Mars, so it is much warmer. But distance is not the only thing 3.________ determines its characteristics.
Where in the universe is Earth
the
as
that
四
4._________(base) on distance from the Sun, you might expect Venus to be a little warmer than Earth, 5._______ not as warm as Mercury. This is not exactly true. Temperatures on Mercury range 6._______ about 467℃ during the day to –183℃ at night. Average temperatures on Earth range from 36℃ to –13℃. The average temperature on Venus is 453℃. It does not change through seasons or from day to night. These 7.___________(difference) occur because a planet’s atmosphere also affects its temperatures.
Based
but
from
differences
Although Venus and Earth are about the same size, and their orbits around the Sun are close to each other, Venus 8._____________(surround) by an atmosphere of carbon dioxide and clouds of sulfuric acid. This sort of atmosphere traps heat. Mercury has a very thin atmosphere that does not protect it from the Sun’s 9.__________(power) rays. Because of this, days on Mercury 10.__________(be) very hot. But the atmosphere is too thin to trap heat as well, which is why Mercury’s nights are so cold.
is surrounded
powerful
are
Stars Shining Far Away--Stars
A star is a huge ball of hot, glowing gas. The intense heat 1.________ pressure at the center of a star cause
the atoms there 2.__________(crash) into each other at extremely high speeds. The nuclei of two or more atoms may join during this process to form a 3.________(large) nucleus. This process is called nuclear fusion, and it gives off huge amounts of energy. Some of this energy produces radiation and light energy, 4.________ allows us to see stars that are very far away.
Where in the universe is Earth
and
to crash
larger
五
which
Stars Shining Far Away--Star Distances
We use astronomical units to measure distances
within our solar system. Distances in the vast universe
are even greater. An AU is too small, so light-years are
used instead. A light-year is the distance that light 5.__________(travel) in one year in a vacuum. It is equivalent 6.________ 9.46 trillion kilometers.
Where in the universe is Earth
travels
to
The light from the Sun—7._______ closest star to Earth— takes about eight minutes 8.__________(reach) Earth. The next closest star to our galaxy is Proxima Centauri. The light from Proxima Centauri takes about
four years to reach Earth! The light from most of the
other 9._________(star) we see can take millions or billions of years to reach Earth.
the
to reach
stars
Brightly Glowing Stars
Astronomers use the term magnitude to describe the
10.___________(bright) of a star. The term apparent magnitude is usedto describe the brightness of a star as we view it from Earth. The Sun is the star with the greatest apparent magnitude. It appears the brightest to us. Absolute magnitude is another way astronomers measure star brightness. It is the measure of how bright stars would appear if they were all the same distance from Earth. Some stars that look tiny and dim from Earth are actually more than 150,000 times brighter than the Sun. Their absolute magnitude is much greater than their apparent magnitude.
Where in the universe is Earth
brightness
The Color of Stars
Some stars appear 1.________(be) different colors.
If you look 2._________ a telescope at night, you may be able to see red, yellow, white, or blue stars. The surface temperature of a star determines its color. Red stars have
temperatures between 2,000℃ and 5,200℃. These are
the coolest stars. Yellow stars, such as our Sun, have temperatures that range from 5,300℃ to 7,000℃.
Where in the universe is Earth
to be
through
六
White stars are even hotter, 3._________ surface temperatures of 7,200℃ to 9,500℃. The 4._______(hot) stars burn blue. Their surface temperatures can range from 10,000℃ to 50,000℃.
with
hottest
Life Cycle of Stars
Stars shine for billions of years, but they eventually stop 5._________(shine). They change throughout their 6._______(life) in many ways. A star forms inside a nebula, 7._______ is a cloud of hydrogen and other gases. Gravity holds the gas particles together and pulls in more gas particles. Nuclear fusion begins when the inside of the star
reaches about 10,000,000℃. Fusion produces hot gases that push away from the center of the nebula. Gravity pulls these gases back. When the push of these gases becomes stronger than gravity’s inward pull, a new star is formed.
Where in the universe is Earth
shining
lives
which
Constellations
Constellations are groupings of stars in the night sky. Constellations were rst identi ed by ancient civilizations. The Babylonians 8._________(identiy) the twelve star constellations that make up the zodiac around 450 B.C.
Where in the universe is Earth
identi ed
The ancient Greeks identi ed and named forty-eight constellations. They named these constellations after mythological people, events, animals, or objects. The constellation Orion was named after a hunter who fell
in love with the goddess Artemis. According to the myth,
after Artemis 9.____________(accidental) killed Orion,
she put him in the sky.
accidentally
The Big Dipper is one of the most well-known constellations. It is part of the Ursa Major constellation, which means “big bear. ” The North Star is found in a straight line from the end of the bowl of the Big Dipper
and has been used as a point of 10.___________(refer)
by navigators for centuries.
reference