Unit 2 Looking into the Future 词汇 课件(共49张PPT，内镶嵌视频)-人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册
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| 名称 | Unit 2 Looking into the Future 词汇 课件(共49张PPT，内镶嵌视频)-人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 |  | |
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(共49张PPT)
人教选择性必修一
Unit 2
Looking into the future
词汇精讲
1. persuade vt. 说服，劝说→persuasion n. 说服→persuasive adj. 有说服力的
2. distant adj. 遥远的→ distance n. 距离
3. secure adj. 安全的，有把握的 v. 获得；保护→ security n. 安全；保护措施
4. automatic adj. 自动的→automatically adv. 自动地
5. integrate vt. 整合，合并→integrated adj. 综合的→integration n. 整合
6. sense n. 感觉→sensor n. 传感器 →sensory adj. 感觉的，感官的
7. effect n. 效应，影响，结果→affect v. 影响→ effective adj. 有效的→efficient adj. 效率高的→ efficiency n. 效率，功效
8. prefer vt. 宁愿， 更喜欢→preference n. 喜爱， 偏爱
拓展词汇会变
9. instant adj. 即刻， 立即→instantly adv. 立即， 马上→instance n. 例子
mand n. 命令， 指令， 控制 vt. 命令， 控制→commanding adj. 权威的
11. constant adj. 连续不断的 n. 常数，常量→constantly adv. 连续地
12. normal adj. 正常的，精神健全的→abnormal adj. 反常的→normally adv. 正常地，通常
13. critical adj. 严重的，关键的，批判的→ critically adv. 批判地; 严重地→criticize v. 批判
14. potential n. 潜力, 可能性 adj. 可能的, 潜在的→potentially adv. 潜在地
15. electricity n. 电, 电流→electric adj. 电的，电动的→electrical adj. 与电有关的→electronic adj. 电子的
16. wire n. 电线，金属线 vt. 接通电源→wiring n. 电线线路→wireless adj. 无线的
17. detect vt. 发现, 查明→detection n. 侦查→detective n. 侦探→detector n. 探测器
18. relate vt. 联系→relation n. 关系，亲戚→relationship n. 关系→ relativity n. 相对论→relative adj. 有关的 n. 亲戚→ relevant adj. 相关的
19. fantasy n. 幻想→ fantastic adj. 棒极了，富于想象的→fantastically adv. 棒极了，富于想象地
20. innovate v. 创新→innovation n. 创新，改革→innovative adj. 革新的， 创新的
21. available adj.可获得的；有空的→availability n. 可得性
22. crime n. 犯罪活动，不法行为→criminal n. 罪犯 adj. 犯罪的
bine vt. 结合， 混合→combination n. 结合，联合，混合体
24. predict vt. 预测，预料→prediction n. 预言，预测
25. occupy vt. 占用，占领，忙碌→occupied adj. 已被占的，忙的→occupation n. 职业
26. oppose vt. 反对；抵制→ opposed adj. 反对的；截然相反的→opposition n. 反对→opposite adj. 相反的；相对的 adv. 在对面
27. absence n. 不存在， 缺席→absent adj. 缺席的，不存在的→present adj.出席的；在场的
28. emphasis n. 强调, 重要性→emphasize vt. 强调, 重视, 着重
29. prospect n. 前景；可能性→prospective adj. 有望的；可能的
30. resist vt. 抵制, 反抗→resistance n. 抵制, 反对→resistant adj. 有抵抗力的
31. accurate adj. 精确的→accurately adv. 精确地→accuracy n. 精确性
32. library n. 图书馆→librarian n. 图书馆馆长，图书管理员
1. persuade[p swe d]vt. 劝说；说服
induce： 指用讲道理来使某人做某事。
persuade： 普通用词，指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事。
urge： 语气强，指不断地热情地规劝诱导。
convince： 指凭行动、事实或言语使他人从思想感情上信服。
counsel： 较正式用词，指对一些较重大事情所提出的劝告。有时也用于非正式场合，但仍强调严肃的一面。
coax： 指用好话善意或耐心劝诱、哄骗某人做某事。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. She began to host "big bosses" lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to contribute to the cause. (北京卷 完形填空 原文)
2. She may just need a little persuading. (全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读B 原文)
高考真题
persuade sb. to do/into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. of sth./that... 使某人相信某事
persuade sb. out of doing sth. 劝某人不做某事
persuasive adj. 有说服力的；劝诱的，劝说的
persuasion n. 说服；说服力
核心单词会用
2. instant n.瞬间，片刻；adj,立即的，速食的，速溶 instantly adv. 立刻，马上conj.一...就
※the instant/ instantly (that)一……就……，引导时间状语从句。
※“一……就……”的其他表达方式：
on/upon (doing) sth.
as soon as＋从句
the moment/instant/minute...＋从句
immediately/instantly/directly＋从句
no sooner...than.../hardly/scarcely...when...倒装
常考短语
3.command n．& vt.命令；指令；掌握；控制
※have a good command of精通(语言等)=have a good knowledge of be in command of控制……
under the command of sb.＝under one’s command由……指挥；由……控制
take command of掌管……；掌握……
※command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
注意：command后跟同位语从句、表语从句或宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should) do”。
常考短语
I’m your command. What would you like me to do
at sb’s command 受某人的支配
at
the command of Zheng He, the fleets set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea.
Under
under sb’s command=under the command of 由某人指挥
Nobody can take command of the situation everything is in a mess.
where
take command of 指挥；控制
n. 指挥；指令
to finish
command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that… (should) do sth. 命令…(虚拟语气)
v. 命令
Time was limited.The boss commanded us (finish) the work as scheduled.
改写：
Time was limited. The boss commanded that we (should) finish the work as scheduled.
It is believed that empathy for other people’s situations helps people command respect.
人们相信，同情他人的处境有助于人们赢得尊重。
v. 赢得；博得；值得
Constant technological innovation, as recent polls show, helps a company enjoy a commanding lead among countless rivals.
正如最近的民意调查所显示的那样，持续的技术创新有助于公司在无数竞争对手中享有/保持绝对领先。
commanding adj. 威严的；居高临下的；遥遥领先的
be in a commanding position 处于主导地位
have a commanding lead 拥有主导地位
command respect/attention/support
赢得尊重/关注/支持
4.warning [ w n ] n. 警告;警示;先兆
give (sb.) a warning (向某人)发出警告
warn vt. 警告，提醒；通知
warn sb. of sth. 提醒某人注意某事
warn sb (not) to do sth 警告某人(不)要做某事
warn sb against (doing) sth 警告某人不要做某事
Let me give you a word of warning .
常考短语
5.switch [swit ] vt. 转换;交换 vi＆vt.(使)改变;转变
n.开关;转换器;改变
switch on＝turn on 打开(电灯、无线电等)
switch off＝turn off 关上；断掉(电源等)
switch over 切换；换(电视等的)频道
switch from ... to ... 从……转变/换为……
Many people switch their electronic devices simply to kill time.
To keep safe, we suggest you switch your mobile phone before boarding.
He switched the conversation from one subject another.
on
off
to
常考短语
6.distant [ d st nt] adj. 遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance 隔开一段距离；从远处
keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡；与某人疏远
keep one's distance from sb./sth. 与某人/某物保持一定距离
distance n. 远处的
I could hear the boy cried sadly the distance.
Mary kept her husband a distance after an argument.
Mary kept her (distant) from her husband after an argument.
in
at
distance
常考短语
Like stinky tofu, my uncle’s Down syndrome made me keep my __________ (distant) at first.
distance
keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持距离
= keep one’s distance from sb.
链接读后续写——环境描写、地理位置表达
When the evening came slowly, the hills in the distance turned dark blue.(Translate)
当夜色渐进时，远处的山丘变成了深蓝色。(Back Translate)
in the distance 在远处
At a distance, she spotted a misty figure. (Translate)
在远处,她发现了一个模糊的身影。(Back Translate)
at/from a distance
从远处；有一段距离
be distant from
a distant look in one’s eyes
within walking distance
距离…遥远；与…不同
某人眼神恍惚 (Make a sentence)
几步之遥
air conditioner 空调机;空调设备
condition n. 条件；情况；环境；身份
present condition 目前的状态
working condition 工作环境；使用状态
in good condition 情况良好
The car was in first-class condition.
The piano was in good condition.
7.automatic [ t m t k] adj. 自动的
automatic control 自动控制
automatic control system 自动控制系统
fully automatic 全自动的
automatically adv. 无意识地；自动地
auto 自动，汽车
automobile n. 汽车
Modern trains have automatic doors.
My reaction was automatic.
常考短语
integrate v. (使)合并; 成为一体
integrate.....with/into... 把....和...合并
integration n. 结合; 综合; 整合;融入
8.integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的
Colorful illustrations (integrate) into the text.
We're looking for people who can integrate the team.
Their aim is to promote closer economic (integrate).
are integrated
with/into
integration
combine .... and/with.... 把...与....合并/联合
常考短语
9.preference n. 爱好；偏爱；偏爱的事物；优先考虑
prefer v. 更喜欢 preferred; preferring
preferable adj. 更可取的，更适合的
preference n. 爱好；偏爱
A teacher should not have a preference any one of his pupils.
for
have a preference for… 偏爱
链接应用文写作——推荐信、求助信
(2021·全国甲卷求助信) 因为你喜欢中国传统文化,你的建议将对我们大有帮助。(Translate)
As you have a preference for traditional Chinese culture, your suggestions will be greatly helpful to us.
（推荐信）得知你偏爱英国文学，我写信向你推荐一些经典作品。(Translate)
Learning that you have a preference for English literature, I am writing to recommend some classics to you.
常考短语
preference n.优先考虑
I hope you can give preference my application and give me a chance to prove my ability.
She was chosen preference to her sister.
to
give/show preference to sb./sth.优先考虑…; 给…优惠/优待
in
in preference to sb./sth. 而不是…
=rather than
prefer v.更喜欢
Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers (stay) longer.
You prefer healthy food __________ fast food.
to stay
prefer sb. to do … 喜欢某人做…
to
prefer sth.to sth.与…相比更喜欢…
=prefer doing… to doing…
一句多译：
星期天,他宁愿待在家里学习英语，也不愿出去和他的弟弟一起玩儿。
On Sundays he prefers to going out to play with his brother.
On Sundays he prefers rather than go out to play with his brother.
I would rather learn English at home than go out to play with his brother.
I would learn English at home rather than go out to play with his brother.
learning English at home
宁愿做…而不愿做…
prefer to do…rather than do…
would rather do…than do…
would do…rather than do…
to learn English at home
personal preference
expressed a strong preference for
in order of preference
consumer preference
个人喜好
强烈表示喜欢…
按优先顺序
消费者偏好
n order of preference.
10. secure[s kj ]adj . vt. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的;. 获得；拴牢
safe： 主要指人或物未受危险或损害。
secure： 着重指由于环境等因素而使人产生的安全感，含可以不必担心或害怕的意味。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. We have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines. (2017年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文)
2. Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock.(2017年高考英语全国卷1阅读D原文)
高考真题
a secure job/income 稳定的工作／收入
secure sth to sth.
Mary secured the boat firmly to the jetty.
玛丽把小船牢牢地系在码头上。
secure a deal 达成协议
secure a seat 占座位
secure business deals 拿下订单
secure your dream job 获得理想的工作
11. efficient[ f nt]adj. 效率高的；有功效的
词义不同:
effective adj. 有效的; 起作用的
efficient adj. 效率高的; 有能力的
侧重点不同:
effective表示达到预期效果，是起作用的，是生效的，强调结果很好。
efficient指有效率的，表示做事情不拖沓，不浪费，强调过程很快。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. The arts are efficient economic drivers and when they are supported, the entire small-business community benefits. (2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 填空题 原文)
2. Generally, it contains no more than 75, 000 entries, making it easy to carry to class and efficient to use. (2015年高考英语湖南卷 任务型读写 原文)
高考真题
①前缀 ex- 表示“出”，词根 fac- 表示“产生”。 affect/effect、effective/effectiveness、efficacious/efficacy 等都是它们的产物。
②Advertising is often the most effective method of promotion.
做广告往往是最有效的推销方法。
③Computers are very efficient at manipulating information.
计算机在处理信息方面效率极高。
12. constant[ k nst nt]adj. n. 不断的；重复的；不变的;. 常数；常量
continual： 强调重复或持续发生，但连续之间允许有间断。
continuous： 语意最强，强调在时间和空间上没有间断。
successive： 强调事物一个接一个地发生，无间断。
constant： 多指习惯性的重复和不变的持续。
persistent： 普通用词，可指不懈的努力，也可指任何连续不断或重复出现的事物。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.(2019年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 任务型阅读 原文)
2.From the very beginning of school, we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation.(2015年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文)
高考真题
constantly adv. 不断地；时常地
concentration n. 集中；专心；集合
constant visitors
络绎不绝的游客
under constant pressure
处于不断的压力之下
Babies need constant attention.
婴儿一刻也离不开人。
13. critical[ kr t k l]adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的
【同根词】
critic n. 批评家，评论家，评论员；批评者，挑剔的人
criticism n. 批评，批判，责备；（尤指对书、音乐等的）评论文章，评论
critique n. 评论，评论文章；vt.写评论，评判
criticize vt. 批评，批判，指责；（尤指对书、音乐等）评价，评论
critically adv. 关键是；批判地；严重地
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye. (2018年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 七选五 原文)
2.Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever. (2016年高考英语江苏卷 完形填空 原文)
高考真题
be critical of sb/sth 批评/批判某人/某事
be critical to 对…至关重要的
speak critically of sth/sb 批评某人/某事
a critical mass of people 相当数量的人
a critical mind 批判性思维
think critically 批判性思考，辩证思考
14. detect[d t kt]vt. 发现；查明
discover： 普通用词，指发现本来存在，但是被认识的事物、真理或情况。
find： 普通用词，可指偶然发现，也可指经过寻找后得到或重新获得已失去的东西。强调动作的结果。
detect： 正式用词，强调经过周密观察或研究而有所获得和发现，尤指发现有意隐藏之物。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists.(2015年高考英语上海卷 完形填空 原文)
2. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as gifted as other animals at detecting such chemicals.(2015年高考英语上海卷 完形填空 原文)
高考真题
①发现;查出;测出
Most skin cancers can be cured if detected and treated early.
如果早发现早治疗，大多数皮肤癌是可以治愈的。
②觉察;发觉
Mary could detect a certain sadness in the old man's face.
玛丽能觉察到老人脸上的一丝悲伤。
15.potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地
potential adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性
People who do not smoke have less potential suffering from lung cancer than those who smoke.
With this technology, we have the potential (raise) a large number of monkeys with identical genes in a short amount of time.
for
the potential for sth. 某事的可能性/潜力
to raise
have the potential to do sth. 有做某事的可能性
achieve/fulfill/realise one’s (full) potential
potential customer
considerable/ enormous/ great/ huge/ limitless potential
develop/unlock potential
（充分）发挥某人的潜能
潜在的顾客
巨大的/无限的潜力
开发潜力
常考短语
16. available[ ve l bl]adj. 可获得的；可购得的；（人）有空的
Available这个词来源于中世纪拉丁语，由avalere（意为“有价值”或“有益”）和后缀-able组合而成，表示“可以被使用的”或“有价值的”。
同义词
obtainable accessible at hand
反义词
unavailable inaccessible out of reach
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. (2019年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文)
2. By the time these "solutions" become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. (2019年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文)
高考真题
①available for 可供……使用的
②available to 对……来说是可用的
③make sth. available 提供某物
④The books are available in the library.
这些书在图书馆里可以找到。
⑤Is the manager available now
经理现在有空吗？
⑥This opportunity is only available to students. 这个机会只对学生开放。
17. nevertheless[ n v l s]adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而
but： 口语常用词，语气较强，泛指与前述情况相反。
however： 表转折关系，语气稍弱于but，连接性也弱一些，因而常作插入语。
yet： 常用于否定句，语气比still稍强。指不管作出多大努力或让步，仍达不到预期的结果。
nevertheless： 指尽管作出完全让步，也不会发生任何影响。
while： 表对比，一般可与whereas换用，但程度弱一些。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. (2015年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文)
2. I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. (2017年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 七选五 原文)
高考真题
①Nevertheless（或是nonetheless）解作「然而、不过、仍然」，但是它并不是动词，而是连接副词，主要用在句子开头。
②We brought along the umbrella，but we got wet nevertheless.（虽然我们带了雨伞，但我们仍然湿透了。）
18.innovation [ n ve n] n. 创新;创造
technological innovation 技术革新；工艺革新
innovation ability 创新能力
an age of technological innovation 技术革新的时代
innovate new products 创造新产品
innovate vi. 创新；改革；革新
innovative adj. 新颖的，革新的
常考短语
bine[ k mba n]vt. &vi. （使）结合；混合
combine： 指两个或两个以上的人或物结合在一起。
connect： 指两事物在某一点上相连接，但彼此又保持独立。
link： 指连环式的连接，或用接合物或其它方式连接，还可指一事物与另一事物的联系或关系。
attach： 指把局部连接在整体上，小的接在大的上面，活动的接在固定的上面。
associate： 指人与人友好和平、平等地联合在一起；用于物时，指两事物因历史或其它原因，很自然被人们联系在一起，即产生联想。
relate： 指人与人有亲戚或婚烟关系；也指人或物之间尚存的实际或假想的联系。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1.The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward. (2019年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读D 原文)
2. The study of traditions should be combined with practice. (2018年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读C 原文)
高考真题
(1)combine…with/and ...把…与…结合起来
combine…into… 把……合成……
(2)combination n. 结合;联合
a combination of… 一种……的结合(物)
in combination with…与……联合起来
20.occupation n. 职业；占领 (career; profession; vocation; job; work)
occupy v. 占用；占领；占据
occupied adj. 忙于…的；被侵占的
He would have attended your birthday party, but he occupied (he) with a very important experiment.
himself
be occupied with/in doing sth.忙于…
= occupy oneself with/in doing sth.
= be busy doing sth.
be buried in
be lost in
be engaged in
bury oneself in
lose oneself in
engage oneself in
类似表达
(应用文之道歉信) As I am occupied in preparing for the College Entrance Examination，I am terribly sorry not to reply to your last letter in an instant.
① ,I am terribly sorry not to reply to your last letter in an instant.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
② , I am terribly sorry not to reply to your last letter in an instant.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
Occupied in preparing for the College Entrance Examination
Occupying myself in preparing for the College Entrance Examination
链接写作
21. artificial[ ɑ t f ( )l]adj. 人工的；人造的；假的
artificial：指模仿天然材料由人工制造的东西，侧重真伪对比。
false：指因缺失而补上的替代物，有时也指伪装的。
synthetic与artificial近义，但前者强调通过化学作用或化学处理把几种物质复制成与原材料截然不同的新产品。
man-made：指完全用人工制造，不含仿造和真伪对比的意味。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways. (2019年高考英语天津卷 单项填空 原文)
2. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding and natural reproduction. (2019年高考英语江苏卷 完形填空 原文)
高考真题
①人工的;人造的;假的
The city is dotted with small lakes, natural and artificial. 这个城市小型湖泊星罗棋布,有天然的也有人工的。
②人为的;非自然的
A job interview is a very artificial situation.
求职面试是一个非常不自然的场面。
③artificial intelligence[ ɑ t f ( )l n t l ns]（AI)人工智能
22. predict[pr d kt]vt. 预测；预言；预料
forecast： 指对未来事件的预报、推测或设想，侧重最终可能出现的结果。
foretell： 一般的通俗用语，往往指根据客观因素做出的预告，强调预先要发生的事。
predict： 较正常的正式用词，通常用于人。指根据事实或自然规律进行推断后作出预告，隐含有科学的准确性。
foresee： 指提前、预先料到将要发生的事或指对未发生的事情形成一种概念或判断。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. (2018年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文)
2. The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. (2018年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文)
高考真题
①It is predicted that… 据预测…
②prediction n. 预测;预告
③predictable adj. 可预料的;可预见的
④unpredictable adj. 不可预测的
23. oppose[ p z]vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠
object： 多指因厌恶或反感而反对，但不一定明显地表露出来。
oppose： 普通用词，含义广，语气强于object。多指反对一些较重大的事，隐含其正当性。
resist： 指用力量或意志抵抗、制止对方的入侵或诱惑、影响等。
protest： 一般指通过言语或文字或行为表示出的强烈抗议、反对。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. The old man can't bear anyone in the family to oppose him.这位老人决不能容忍家里有人违抗他.《简明英汉词典》
2. They oppose each other also complement each other.它们相辅相成.《简明英汉词典》
高考真题
(1)oppose (sb/sb's) doing sth
反对(某人)做某事
(2)opposed adj. 反对的;对抗的
be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
(3)opposite adj. 相反的;对面的
adv. 在对面
读后续写之愤怒心理描写
与丈夫激烈争吵后，简生气地朝相反的方向走了。
After quarreling with her husband fiercely，Jane walked off in anger.
in the opposite direction
Those students who are opposed to the proposal can present their reasons.
Those students opposing the proposal can present their reasons.
Those students opposed to the proposal can present their reasons.
用非谓语动词作定语改写
absence n. 不存在；缺席；缺乏 P46
absent adj. 不在的；缺席的；心不在焉的
反义词：present adj. 在场的 presence n. 出席；到场
Audiovisual task---Listen+Restate+Translate
Courage is not the absence of fear, but rather the judgment that something else is more important than fear.
真正的勇者不是没有恐惧，他们只是明白有比恐惧更重要的东西。
absence of + n. 没有…
absence of mind 心不在焉
absence of purpose 没有目标
absence of larger efforts 没有更大的努力
absence of striving for happiness 不为幸福而奋斗
On the other hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.(Translate and adapt it to grammatical fillings)
一方面，世界上有许多不同群体的人，在没有新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。
On the other hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the (absent) of new technology.
absence
in the absence of… 缺乏…;…不在的时候
, Jane was so frightened that she sank to her knees，with tears clouding her eyes.
她的丈夫不在，简是如此害怕以至于她跪在了地上，泪水模糊了双眼。
In her husband’s absence/In the absence of her husband
(读后续写之情绪描写)
in/during one’s absence of… 某人不在的时候
We would be punished if we were absent the meeting.
from
be absent from … 不参加…；缺席…
24. cease[si s]vi. ＆vt. （使）停止；终止
cease： 指逐渐、徐徐中止某种状态的存在。书面用词。
pause： 指暂时的、瞬间的停顿，隐含有再进行之意。
stop： 指动作、运行、进展等被停下来，含突然、断然的意味。
halt： 侧重突然地、决定性地终止、停止某一活动。
quit： 指最终彻底停止某事，有时暗示遭到失败或面临挫折。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. Athens would cease to have freedom. (2015年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 选项)
2. If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free. (2015年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文)
高考真题
①Both sides agreed to cease the war.
双方都同意结束这场战争。
②The machine stopped working.
机器停止运转了。
③The soldiers halted and rested from their march.
士兵们停止前进，稍作休息。
14. career[k r ]n. 职业；事业
profession： 以前常指要受过高等教育(尤指法律、医学和神学)才能获得的职业，现在一般指为谋生日的职业，尤指从事脑力劳动和受过专门训练，具有某种专业知识的职业。
job： 通常指一切有收入，不分脑力与体力运动，不论是否有技艺的长期或临时的职业。
occupation： 泛指任何一种职业，既不分什么行业，也不管是脑力还是体力劳动。
vocation： 较正式用词，语气庄重，指长期从事，但不一定以此为主计的职业。
career： 指经过专门训练，终身愿意从事的职业。
work： 指任何种类的工作，也泛指职业。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success. (2019年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 选项)
2. But those who truly understand the economic impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of career possibilities.(2018年高考英语江苏卷阅读理解)
高考真题
①I'm studying medicine because I want a career as a doctor.
②I went to the HR department for career advice.
③That bus is careering towards that tree! It's lost control!
25. career[k r ]n. 职业；事业
profession： 以前常指要受过高等教育(尤指法律、医学和神学)才能获得的职业，现在一般指为谋生日的职业，尤指从事脑力劳动和受过专门训练，具有某种专业知识的职业。
job： 通常指一切有收入，不分脑力与体力运动，不论是否有技艺的长期或临时的职业。
occupation： 泛指任何一种职业，既不分什么行业，也不管是脑力还是体力劳动。
vocation： 较正式用词，语气庄重，指长期从事，但不一定以此为主计的职业。
career： 指经过专门训练，终身愿意从事的职业。
work： 指任何种类的工作，也泛指职业。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success. (2019年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 选项)
2. But those who truly understand the economic impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of career possibilities.(2018年高考英语江苏卷阅读理解)
高考真题
①I'm studying medicine because I want a career as a doctor.
②I went to the HR department for career advice.
③That bus is careering towards that tree! It's lost control!
26.resist vt&vi. 抵制；反抗；抵挡；忍住
I didn’t mean to eat anything, but those food looked so delicious that I couldn’t resist (try) one.
resistant adj. 有抵抗力的；抵制的；抵抗的
resistance n. 反对；抵制；抗拒
trying
resist (doing) sth. 抵制做某事
can’t/couldn’t resist (doing) sth. 经不住某事（物）的诱惑
The new material is highly (resist) to steam and water.
resistant
be resistant to 对…有抵抗力(to是介词)
合成词：water-resistant adj. 防水的
The (resist) to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk.
resistance
the resistance to sth. 反对某事 (to是介词)
27.accurate adj. 精确的；准确的 P47
She works very efficiently and is accurate her judgement.
accurately adv. 准确地
inaccurate adj. 不准确的
accuracy n. 准确（性）；精确（度）
in
be accurate in… 在…方面准确
With great (accurate), he must have stayed up too late last night.
accuracy
with great accuracy 十分准确地
to be accurate
an accurate description
an accurate timetable
accurate guesses/ predictions
准确地说
一个精确的描述
一个准确的时间表
准确的猜测/预测
28.keep in touch (with...) 与……保持联系；了解
get in/into touch with 和……取得联系
lose touch with 和……失去联系；对……变得生疏
be in touch with 同……有联系；了解……的情况
be out of touch with 同……失去联系；与……没有通信
Whenever you need help，I hope you can get in touch with me.
【翻译】
常考短语
29.in this sense 在这种意义上
make sense of 理解；明白
make no sense 没道理；没意义
in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense 决不
There is no sense in doing sth. 做……没道理
【语境应用】
This sentence just doesn't _________， no matter how you read it.
As far as I'm concerned, ________________ getting upset about it now.
make sense
there is no sense in
常考短语
30.catch fire 着火(强调动作，无被动语态)
be on fire 着火(强调状态)
put out fire 灭火(主语是人)
set sth. on fire＝set fire to sth. 点燃某物
make a fire 生火
fight a fire 救火
play with the fire 玩火
There is a thick covering of leaves in the forest, which are very easy to catch fire.
常考短语
On hearing that we would study through remote education as a consequence of COVID-19，I resisted the idea because I had a 1._________(prefer) for learning at school.Personally，under no circumstances could I have a good command of 2.________ (relevance) subjects without teachers’ face-to-face instruction available. Hence，at that time I 3.________ (sincere) hoped that the 4.________ (normal) time would cease as soon as possible. Nevertheless，I 5.__________(persuade) myself to obey my school’s critical rules，with my routine study 6.___________(integrate) with the online learning mode.My head teacher constantly reminded us to switch 7.____ our electronic appliances in advance. Most of the time，I could concentrate on 8._____ the teachers had laid emphasis on in online classes and took notes accurately. But with time 9.______(go) by，in the 10.________ (absent) of teachers，there was a distant look in my eyes，and my thoughts elsewhere. Now，I hope that at this time next month I will be having class in the classroom.
preference
relevant
sincerely
abnormal
persuaded
integrated
on
what
going
absence
have a preference for 偏好，喜欢
relevant adj. 相关的 （形容词修饰名词subjects）
sincerely adv.真诚地 （副词修饰动词hoped）
时态一致，一般过去时
with的复合结构，非谓语，integrate with与...相结合
switch on 打开，启动
what 引导的宾语从句，做介词on的宾语
with的复合结构，非谓语,with time going by 随着时间的流逝
abnormal time反常期
the absence of 缺席，不在
课堂检测
Thank You!
人教选择性必修一
Unit 2
Looking into the future
词汇精讲
1. persuade vt. 说服，劝说→persuasion n. 说服→persuasive adj. 有说服力的
2. distant adj. 遥远的→ distance n. 距离
3. secure adj. 安全的，有把握的 v. 获得；保护→ security n. 安全；保护措施
4. automatic adj. 自动的→automatically adv. 自动地
5. integrate vt. 整合，合并→integrated adj. 综合的→integration n. 整合
6. sense n. 感觉→sensor n. 传感器 →sensory adj. 感觉的，感官的
7. effect n. 效应，影响，结果→affect v. 影响→ effective adj. 有效的→efficient adj. 效率高的→ efficiency n. 效率，功效
8. prefer vt. 宁愿， 更喜欢→preference n. 喜爱， 偏爱
拓展词汇会变
9. instant adj. 即刻， 立即→instantly adv. 立即， 马上→instance n. 例子
mand n. 命令， 指令， 控制 vt. 命令， 控制→commanding adj. 权威的
11. constant adj. 连续不断的 n. 常数，常量→constantly adv. 连续地
12. normal adj. 正常的，精神健全的→abnormal adj. 反常的→normally adv. 正常地，通常
13. critical adj. 严重的，关键的，批判的→ critically adv. 批判地; 严重地→criticize v. 批判
14. potential n. 潜力, 可能性 adj. 可能的, 潜在的→potentially adv. 潜在地
15. electricity n. 电, 电流→electric adj. 电的，电动的→electrical adj. 与电有关的→electronic adj. 电子的
16. wire n. 电线，金属线 vt. 接通电源→wiring n. 电线线路→wireless adj. 无线的
17. detect vt. 发现, 查明→detection n. 侦查→detective n. 侦探→detector n. 探测器
18. relate vt. 联系→relation n. 关系，亲戚→relationship n. 关系→ relativity n. 相对论→relative adj. 有关的 n. 亲戚→ relevant adj. 相关的
19. fantasy n. 幻想→ fantastic adj. 棒极了，富于想象的→fantastically adv. 棒极了，富于想象地
20. innovate v. 创新→innovation n. 创新，改革→innovative adj. 革新的， 创新的
21. available adj.可获得的；有空的→availability n. 可得性
22. crime n. 犯罪活动，不法行为→criminal n. 罪犯 adj. 犯罪的
bine vt. 结合， 混合→combination n. 结合，联合，混合体
24. predict vt. 预测，预料→prediction n. 预言，预测
25. occupy vt. 占用，占领，忙碌→occupied adj. 已被占的，忙的→occupation n. 职业
26. oppose vt. 反对；抵制→ opposed adj. 反对的；截然相反的→opposition n. 反对→opposite adj. 相反的；相对的 adv. 在对面
27. absence n. 不存在， 缺席→absent adj. 缺席的，不存在的→present adj.出席的；在场的
28. emphasis n. 强调, 重要性→emphasize vt. 强调, 重视, 着重
29. prospect n. 前景；可能性→prospective adj. 有望的；可能的
30. resist vt. 抵制, 反抗→resistance n. 抵制, 反对→resistant adj. 有抵抗力的
31. accurate adj. 精确的→accurately adv. 精确地→accuracy n. 精确性
32. library n. 图书馆→librarian n. 图书馆馆长，图书管理员
1. persuade[p swe d]vt. 劝说；说服
induce： 指用讲道理来使某人做某事。
persuade： 普通用词，指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事。
urge： 语气强，指不断地热情地规劝诱导。
convince： 指凭行动、事实或言语使他人从思想感情上信服。
counsel： 较正式用词，指对一些较重大事情所提出的劝告。有时也用于非正式场合，但仍强调严肃的一面。
coax： 指用好话善意或耐心劝诱、哄骗某人做某事。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. She began to host "big bosses" lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to contribute to the cause. (北京卷 完形填空 原文)
2. She may just need a little persuading. (全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读B 原文)
高考真题
persuade sb. to do/into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. of sth./that... 使某人相信某事
persuade sb. out of doing sth. 劝某人不做某事
persuasive adj. 有说服力的；劝诱的，劝说的
persuasion n. 说服；说服力
核心单词会用
2. instant n.瞬间，片刻；adj,立即的，速食的，速溶 instantly adv. 立刻，马上conj.一...就
※the instant/ instantly (that)一……就……，引导时间状语从句。
※“一……就……”的其他表达方式：
on/upon (doing) sth.
as soon as＋从句
the moment/instant/minute...＋从句
immediately/instantly/directly＋从句
no sooner...than.../hardly/scarcely...when...倒装
常考短语
3.command n．& vt.命令；指令；掌握；控制
※have a good command of精通(语言等)=have a good knowledge of be in command of控制……
under the command of sb.＝under one’s command由……指挥；由……控制
take command of掌管……；掌握……
※command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
注意：command后跟同位语从句、表语从句或宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should) do”。
常考短语
I’m your command. What would you like me to do
at sb’s command 受某人的支配
at
the command of Zheng He, the fleets set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea.
Under
under sb’s command=under the command of 由某人指挥
Nobody can take command of the situation everything is in a mess.
where
take command of 指挥；控制
n. 指挥；指令
to finish
command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that… (should) do sth. 命令…(虚拟语气)
v. 命令
Time was limited.The boss commanded us (finish) the work as scheduled.
改写：
Time was limited. The boss commanded that we (should) finish the work as scheduled.
It is believed that empathy for other people’s situations helps people command respect.
人们相信，同情他人的处境有助于人们赢得尊重。
v. 赢得；博得；值得
Constant technological innovation, as recent polls show, helps a company enjoy a commanding lead among countless rivals.
正如最近的民意调查所显示的那样，持续的技术创新有助于公司在无数竞争对手中享有/保持绝对领先。
commanding adj. 威严的；居高临下的；遥遥领先的
be in a commanding position 处于主导地位
have a commanding lead 拥有主导地位
command respect/attention/support
赢得尊重/关注/支持
4.warning [ w n ] n. 警告;警示;先兆
give (sb.) a warning (向某人)发出警告
warn vt. 警告，提醒；通知
warn sb. of sth. 提醒某人注意某事
warn sb (not) to do sth 警告某人(不)要做某事
warn sb against (doing) sth 警告某人不要做某事
Let me give you a word of warning .
常考短语
5.switch [swit ] vt. 转换;交换 vi＆vt.(使)改变;转变
n.开关;转换器;改变
switch on＝turn on 打开(电灯、无线电等)
switch off＝turn off 关上；断掉(电源等)
switch over 切换；换(电视等的)频道
switch from ... to ... 从……转变/换为……
Many people switch their electronic devices simply to kill time.
To keep safe, we suggest you switch your mobile phone before boarding.
He switched the conversation from one subject another.
on
off
to
常考短语
6.distant [ d st nt] adj. 遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance 隔开一段距离；从远处
keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡；与某人疏远
keep one's distance from sb./sth. 与某人/某物保持一定距离
distance n. 远处的
I could hear the boy cried sadly the distance.
Mary kept her husband a distance after an argument.
Mary kept her (distant) from her husband after an argument.
in
at
distance
常考短语
Like stinky tofu, my uncle’s Down syndrome made me keep my __________ (distant) at first.
distance
keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持距离
= keep one’s distance from sb.
链接读后续写——环境描写、地理位置表达
When the evening came slowly, the hills in the distance turned dark blue.(Translate)
当夜色渐进时，远处的山丘变成了深蓝色。(Back Translate)
in the distance 在远处
At a distance, she spotted a misty figure. (Translate)
在远处,她发现了一个模糊的身影。(Back Translate)
at/from a distance
从远处；有一段距离
be distant from
a distant look in one’s eyes
within walking distance
距离…遥远；与…不同
某人眼神恍惚 (Make a sentence)
几步之遥
air conditioner 空调机;空调设备
condition n. 条件；情况；环境；身份
present condition 目前的状态
working condition 工作环境；使用状态
in good condition 情况良好
The car was in first-class condition.
The piano was in good condition.
7.automatic [ t m t k] adj. 自动的
automatic control 自动控制
automatic control system 自动控制系统
fully automatic 全自动的
automatically adv. 无意识地；自动地
auto 自动，汽车
automobile n. 汽车
Modern trains have automatic doors.
My reaction was automatic.
常考短语
integrate v. (使)合并; 成为一体
integrate.....with/into... 把....和...合并
integration n. 结合; 综合; 整合;融入
8.integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的
Colorful illustrations (integrate) into the text.
We're looking for people who can integrate the team.
Their aim is to promote closer economic (integrate).
are integrated
with/into
integration
combine .... and/with.... 把...与....合并/联合
常考短语
9.preference n. 爱好；偏爱；偏爱的事物；优先考虑
prefer v. 更喜欢 preferred; preferring
preferable adj. 更可取的，更适合的
preference n. 爱好；偏爱
A teacher should not have a preference any one of his pupils.
for
have a preference for… 偏爱
链接应用文写作——推荐信、求助信
(2021·全国甲卷求助信) 因为你喜欢中国传统文化,你的建议将对我们大有帮助。(Translate)
As you have a preference for traditional Chinese culture, your suggestions will be greatly helpful to us.
（推荐信）得知你偏爱英国文学，我写信向你推荐一些经典作品。(Translate)
Learning that you have a preference for English literature, I am writing to recommend some classics to you.
常考短语
preference n.优先考虑
I hope you can give preference my application and give me a chance to prove my ability.
She was chosen preference to her sister.
to
give/show preference to sb./sth.优先考虑…; 给…优惠/优待
in
in preference to sb./sth. 而不是…
=rather than
prefer v.更喜欢
Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers (stay) longer.
You prefer healthy food __________ fast food.
to stay
prefer sb. to do … 喜欢某人做…
to
prefer sth.to sth.与…相比更喜欢…
=prefer doing… to doing…
一句多译：
星期天,他宁愿待在家里学习英语，也不愿出去和他的弟弟一起玩儿。
On Sundays he prefers to going out to play with his brother.
On Sundays he prefers rather than go out to play with his brother.
I would rather learn English at home than go out to play with his brother.
I would learn English at home rather than go out to play with his brother.
learning English at home
宁愿做…而不愿做…
prefer to do…rather than do…
would rather do…than do…
would do…rather than do…
to learn English at home
personal preference
expressed a strong preference for
in order of preference
consumer preference
个人喜好
强烈表示喜欢…
按优先顺序
消费者偏好
n order of preference.
10. secure[s kj ]adj . vt. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的;. 获得；拴牢
safe： 主要指人或物未受危险或损害。
secure： 着重指由于环境等因素而使人产生的安全感，含可以不必担心或害怕的意味。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. We have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines. (2017年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文)
2. Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock.(2017年高考英语全国卷1阅读D原文)
高考真题
a secure job/income 稳定的工作／收入
secure sth to sth.
Mary secured the boat firmly to the jetty.
玛丽把小船牢牢地系在码头上。
secure a deal 达成协议
secure a seat 占座位
secure business deals 拿下订单
secure your dream job 获得理想的工作
11. efficient[ f nt]adj. 效率高的；有功效的
词义不同:
effective adj. 有效的; 起作用的
efficient adj. 效率高的; 有能力的
侧重点不同:
effective表示达到预期效果，是起作用的，是生效的，强调结果很好。
efficient指有效率的，表示做事情不拖沓，不浪费，强调过程很快。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. The arts are efficient economic drivers and when they are supported, the entire small-business community benefits. (2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 填空题 原文)
2. Generally, it contains no more than 75, 000 entries, making it easy to carry to class and efficient to use. (2015年高考英语湖南卷 任务型读写 原文)
高考真题
①前缀 ex- 表示“出”，词根 fac- 表示“产生”。 affect/effect、effective/effectiveness、efficacious/efficacy 等都是它们的产物。
②Advertising is often the most effective method of promotion.
做广告往往是最有效的推销方法。
③Computers are very efficient at manipulating information.
计算机在处理信息方面效率极高。
12. constant[ k nst nt]adj. n. 不断的；重复的；不变的;. 常数；常量
continual： 强调重复或持续发生，但连续之间允许有间断。
continuous： 语意最强，强调在时间和空间上没有间断。
successive： 强调事物一个接一个地发生，无间断。
constant： 多指习惯性的重复和不变的持续。
persistent： 普通用词，可指不懈的努力，也可指任何连续不断或重复出现的事物。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.(2019年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 任务型阅读 原文)
2.From the very beginning of school, we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation.(2015年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文)
高考真题
constantly adv. 不断地；时常地
concentration n. 集中；专心；集合
constant visitors
络绎不绝的游客
under constant pressure
处于不断的压力之下
Babies need constant attention.
婴儿一刻也离不开人。
13. critical[ kr t k l]adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的
【同根词】
critic n. 批评家，评论家，评论员；批评者，挑剔的人
criticism n. 批评，批判，责备；（尤指对书、音乐等的）评论文章，评论
critique n. 评论，评论文章；vt.写评论，评判
criticize vt. 批评，批判，指责；（尤指对书、音乐等）评价，评论
critically adv. 关键是；批判地；严重地
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye. (2018年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 七选五 原文)
2.Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever. (2016年高考英语江苏卷 完形填空 原文)
高考真题
be critical of sb/sth 批评/批判某人/某事
be critical to 对…至关重要的
speak critically of sth/sb 批评某人/某事
a critical mass of people 相当数量的人
a critical mind 批判性思维
think critically 批判性思考，辩证思考
14. detect[d t kt]vt. 发现；查明
discover： 普通用词，指发现本来存在，但是被认识的事物、真理或情况。
find： 普通用词，可指偶然发现，也可指经过寻找后得到或重新获得已失去的东西。强调动作的结果。
detect： 正式用词，强调经过周密观察或研究而有所获得和发现，尤指发现有意隐藏之物。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists.(2015年高考英语上海卷 完形填空 原文)
2. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as gifted as other animals at detecting such chemicals.(2015年高考英语上海卷 完形填空 原文)
高考真题
①发现;查出;测出
Most skin cancers can be cured if detected and treated early.
如果早发现早治疗，大多数皮肤癌是可以治愈的。
②觉察;发觉
Mary could detect a certain sadness in the old man's face.
玛丽能觉察到老人脸上的一丝悲伤。
15.potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地
potential adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性
People who do not smoke have less potential suffering from lung cancer than those who smoke.
With this technology, we have the potential (raise) a large number of monkeys with identical genes in a short amount of time.
for
the potential for sth. 某事的可能性/潜力
to raise
have the potential to do sth. 有做某事的可能性
achieve/fulfill/realise one’s (full) potential
potential customer
considerable/ enormous/ great/ huge/ limitless potential
develop/unlock potential
（充分）发挥某人的潜能
潜在的顾客
巨大的/无限的潜力
开发潜力
常考短语
16. available[ ve l bl]adj. 可获得的；可购得的；（人）有空的
Available这个词来源于中世纪拉丁语，由avalere（意为“有价值”或“有益”）和后缀-able组合而成，表示“可以被使用的”或“有价值的”。
同义词
obtainable accessible at hand
反义词
unavailable inaccessible out of reach
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. (2019年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文)
2. By the time these "solutions" become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. (2019年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文)
高考真题
①available for 可供……使用的
②available to 对……来说是可用的
③make sth. available 提供某物
④The books are available in the library.
这些书在图书馆里可以找到。
⑤Is the manager available now
经理现在有空吗？
⑥This opportunity is only available to students. 这个机会只对学生开放。
17. nevertheless[ n v l s]adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而
but： 口语常用词，语气较强，泛指与前述情况相反。
however： 表转折关系，语气稍弱于but，连接性也弱一些，因而常作插入语。
yet： 常用于否定句，语气比still稍强。指不管作出多大努力或让步，仍达不到预期的结果。
nevertheless： 指尽管作出完全让步，也不会发生任何影响。
while： 表对比，一般可与whereas换用，但程度弱一些。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. (2015年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文)
2. I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. (2017年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 七选五 原文)
高考真题
①Nevertheless（或是nonetheless）解作「然而、不过、仍然」，但是它并不是动词，而是连接副词，主要用在句子开头。
②We brought along the umbrella，but we got wet nevertheless.（虽然我们带了雨伞，但我们仍然湿透了。）
18.innovation [ n ve n] n. 创新;创造
technological innovation 技术革新；工艺革新
innovation ability 创新能力
an age of technological innovation 技术革新的时代
innovate new products 创造新产品
innovate vi. 创新；改革；革新
innovative adj. 新颖的，革新的
常考短语
bine[ k mba n]vt. &vi. （使）结合；混合
combine： 指两个或两个以上的人或物结合在一起。
connect： 指两事物在某一点上相连接，但彼此又保持独立。
link： 指连环式的连接，或用接合物或其它方式连接，还可指一事物与另一事物的联系或关系。
attach： 指把局部连接在整体上，小的接在大的上面，活动的接在固定的上面。
associate： 指人与人友好和平、平等地联合在一起；用于物时，指两事物因历史或其它原因，很自然被人们联系在一起，即产生联想。
relate： 指人与人有亲戚或婚烟关系；也指人或物之间尚存的实际或假想的联系。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1.The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward. (2019年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读D 原文)
2. The study of traditions should be combined with practice. (2018年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读C 原文)
高考真题
(1)combine…with/and ...把…与…结合起来
combine…into… 把……合成……
(2)combination n. 结合;联合
a combination of… 一种……的结合(物)
in combination with…与……联合起来
20.occupation n. 职业；占领 (career; profession; vocation; job; work)
occupy v. 占用；占领；占据
occupied adj. 忙于…的；被侵占的
He would have attended your birthday party, but he occupied (he) with a very important experiment.
himself
be occupied with/in doing sth.忙于…
= occupy oneself with/in doing sth.
= be busy doing sth.
be buried in
be lost in
be engaged in
bury oneself in
lose oneself in
engage oneself in
类似表达
(应用文之道歉信) As I am occupied in preparing for the College Entrance Examination，I am terribly sorry not to reply to your last letter in an instant.
① ,I am terribly sorry not to reply to your last letter in an instant.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
② , I am terribly sorry not to reply to your last letter in an instant.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
Occupied in preparing for the College Entrance Examination
Occupying myself in preparing for the College Entrance Examination
链接写作
21. artificial[ ɑ t f ( )l]adj. 人工的；人造的；假的
artificial：指模仿天然材料由人工制造的东西，侧重真伪对比。
false：指因缺失而补上的替代物，有时也指伪装的。
synthetic与artificial近义，但前者强调通过化学作用或化学处理把几种物质复制成与原材料截然不同的新产品。
man-made：指完全用人工制造，不含仿造和真伪对比的意味。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways. (2019年高考英语天津卷 单项填空 原文)
2. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding and natural reproduction. (2019年高考英语江苏卷 完形填空 原文)
高考真题
①人工的;人造的;假的
The city is dotted with small lakes, natural and artificial. 这个城市小型湖泊星罗棋布,有天然的也有人工的。
②人为的;非自然的
A job interview is a very artificial situation.
求职面试是一个非常不自然的场面。
③artificial intelligence[ ɑ t f ( )l n t l ns]（AI)人工智能
22. predict[pr d kt]vt. 预测；预言；预料
forecast： 指对未来事件的预报、推测或设想，侧重最终可能出现的结果。
foretell： 一般的通俗用语，往往指根据客观因素做出的预告，强调预先要发生的事。
predict： 较正常的正式用词，通常用于人。指根据事实或自然规律进行推断后作出预告，隐含有科学的准确性。
foresee： 指提前、预先料到将要发生的事或指对未发生的事情形成一种概念或判断。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. (2018年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文)
2. The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. (2018年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文)
高考真题
①It is predicted that… 据预测…
②prediction n. 预测;预告
③predictable adj. 可预料的;可预见的
④unpredictable adj. 不可预测的
23. oppose[ p z]vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠
object： 多指因厌恶或反感而反对，但不一定明显地表露出来。
oppose： 普通用词，含义广，语气强于object。多指反对一些较重大的事，隐含其正当性。
resist： 指用力量或意志抵抗、制止对方的入侵或诱惑、影响等。
protest： 一般指通过言语或文字或行为表示出的强烈抗议、反对。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. The old man can't bear anyone in the family to oppose him.这位老人决不能容忍家里有人违抗他.《简明英汉词典》
2. They oppose each other also complement each other.它们相辅相成.《简明英汉词典》
高考真题
(1)oppose (sb/sb's) doing sth
反对(某人)做某事
(2)opposed adj. 反对的;对抗的
be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
(3)opposite adj. 相反的;对面的
adv. 在对面
读后续写之愤怒心理描写
与丈夫激烈争吵后，简生气地朝相反的方向走了。
After quarreling with her husband fiercely，Jane walked off in anger.
in the opposite direction
Those students who are opposed to the proposal can present their reasons.
Those students opposing the proposal can present their reasons.
Those students opposed to the proposal can present their reasons.
用非谓语动词作定语改写
absence n. 不存在；缺席；缺乏 P46
absent adj. 不在的；缺席的；心不在焉的
反义词：present adj. 在场的 presence n. 出席；到场
Audiovisual task---Listen+Restate+Translate
Courage is not the absence of fear, but rather the judgment that something else is more important than fear.
真正的勇者不是没有恐惧，他们只是明白有比恐惧更重要的东西。
absence of + n. 没有…
absence of mind 心不在焉
absence of purpose 没有目标
absence of larger efforts 没有更大的努力
absence of striving for happiness 不为幸福而奋斗
On the other hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.(Translate and adapt it to grammatical fillings)
一方面，世界上有许多不同群体的人，在没有新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。
On the other hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the (absent) of new technology.
absence
in the absence of… 缺乏…;…不在的时候
, Jane was so frightened that she sank to her knees，with tears clouding her eyes.
她的丈夫不在，简是如此害怕以至于她跪在了地上，泪水模糊了双眼。
In her husband’s absence/In the absence of her husband
(读后续写之情绪描写)
in/during one’s absence of… 某人不在的时候
We would be punished if we were absent the meeting.
from
be absent from … 不参加…；缺席…
24. cease[si s]vi. ＆vt. （使）停止；终止
cease： 指逐渐、徐徐中止某种状态的存在。书面用词。
pause： 指暂时的、瞬间的停顿，隐含有再进行之意。
stop： 指动作、运行、进展等被停下来，含突然、断然的意味。
halt： 侧重突然地、决定性地终止、停止某一活动。
quit： 指最终彻底停止某事，有时暗示遭到失败或面临挫折。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. Athens would cease to have freedom. (2015年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 选项)
2. If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free. (2015年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文)
高考真题
①Both sides agreed to cease the war.
双方都同意结束这场战争。
②The machine stopped working.
机器停止运转了。
③The soldiers halted and rested from their march.
士兵们停止前进，稍作休息。
14. career[k r ]n. 职业；事业
profession： 以前常指要受过高等教育(尤指法律、医学和神学)才能获得的职业，现在一般指为谋生日的职业，尤指从事脑力劳动和受过专门训练，具有某种专业知识的职业。
job： 通常指一切有收入，不分脑力与体力运动，不论是否有技艺的长期或临时的职业。
occupation： 泛指任何一种职业，既不分什么行业，也不管是脑力还是体力劳动。
vocation： 较正式用词，语气庄重，指长期从事，但不一定以此为主计的职业。
career： 指经过专门训练，终身愿意从事的职业。
work： 指任何种类的工作，也泛指职业。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success. (2019年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 选项)
2. But those who truly understand the economic impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of career possibilities.(2018年高考英语江苏卷阅读理解)
高考真题
①I'm studying medicine because I want a career as a doctor.
②I went to the HR department for career advice.
③That bus is careering towards that tree! It's lost control!
25. career[k r ]n. 职业；事业
profession： 以前常指要受过高等教育(尤指法律、医学和神学)才能获得的职业，现在一般指为谋生日的职业，尤指从事脑力劳动和受过专门训练，具有某种专业知识的职业。
job： 通常指一切有收入，不分脑力与体力运动，不论是否有技艺的长期或临时的职业。
occupation： 泛指任何一种职业，既不分什么行业，也不管是脑力还是体力劳动。
vocation： 较正式用词，语气庄重，指长期从事，但不一定以此为主计的职业。
career： 指经过专门训练，终身愿意从事的职业。
work： 指任何种类的工作，也泛指职业。
常考短语
同义词辨析
1. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success. (2019年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 选项)
2. But those who truly understand the economic impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of career possibilities.(2018年高考英语江苏卷阅读理解)
高考真题
①I'm studying medicine because I want a career as a doctor.
②I went to the HR department for career advice.
③That bus is careering towards that tree! It's lost control!
26.resist vt&vi. 抵制；反抗；抵挡；忍住
I didn’t mean to eat anything, but those food looked so delicious that I couldn’t resist (try) one.
resistant adj. 有抵抗力的；抵制的；抵抗的
resistance n. 反对；抵制；抗拒
trying
resist (doing) sth. 抵制做某事
can’t/couldn’t resist (doing) sth. 经不住某事（物）的诱惑
The new material is highly (resist) to steam and water.
resistant
be resistant to 对…有抵抗力(to是介词)
合成词：water-resistant adj. 防水的
The (resist) to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk.
resistance
the resistance to sth. 反对某事 (to是介词)
27.accurate adj. 精确的；准确的 P47
She works very efficiently and is accurate her judgement.
accurately adv. 准确地
inaccurate adj. 不准确的
accuracy n. 准确（性）；精确（度）
in
be accurate in… 在…方面准确
With great (accurate), he must have stayed up too late last night.
accuracy
with great accuracy 十分准确地
to be accurate
an accurate description
an accurate timetable
accurate guesses/ predictions
准确地说
一个精确的描述
一个准确的时间表
准确的猜测/预测
28.keep in touch (with...) 与……保持联系；了解
get in/into touch with 和……取得联系
lose touch with 和……失去联系；对……变得生疏
be in touch with 同……有联系；了解……的情况
be out of touch with 同……失去联系；与……没有通信
Whenever you need help，I hope you can get in touch with me.
【翻译】
常考短语
29.in this sense 在这种意义上
make sense of 理解；明白
make no sense 没道理；没意义
in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense 决不
There is no sense in doing sth. 做……没道理
【语境应用】
This sentence just doesn't _________， no matter how you read it.
As far as I'm concerned, ________________ getting upset about it now.
make sense
there is no sense in
常考短语
30.catch fire 着火(强调动作，无被动语态)
be on fire 着火(强调状态)
put out fire 灭火(主语是人)
set sth. on fire＝set fire to sth. 点燃某物
make a fire 生火
fight a fire 救火
play with the fire 玩火
There is a thick covering of leaves in the forest, which are very easy to catch fire.
常考短语
On hearing that we would study through remote education as a consequence of COVID-19，I resisted the idea because I had a 1._________(prefer) for learning at school.Personally，under no circumstances could I have a good command of 2.________ (relevance) subjects without teachers’ face-to-face instruction available. Hence，at that time I 3.________ (sincere) hoped that the 4.________ (normal) time would cease as soon as possible. Nevertheless，I 5.__________(persuade) myself to obey my school’s critical rules，with my routine study 6.___________(integrate) with the online learning mode.My head teacher constantly reminded us to switch 7.____ our electronic appliances in advance. Most of the time，I could concentrate on 8._____ the teachers had laid emphasis on in online classes and took notes accurately. But with time 9.______(go) by，in the 10.________ (absent) of teachers，there was a distant look in my eyes，and my thoughts elsewhere. Now，I hope that at this time next month I will be having class in the classroom.
preference
relevant
sincerely
abnormal
persuaded
integrated
on
what
going
absence
have a preference for 偏好，喜欢
relevant adj. 相关的 （形容词修饰名词subjects）
sincerely adv.真诚地 （副词修饰动词hoped）
时态一致，一般过去时
with的复合结构，非谓语，integrate with与...相结合
switch on 打开，启动
what 引导的宾语从句，做介词on的宾语
with的复合结构，非谓语,with time going by 随着时间的流逝
abnormal time反常期
the absence of 缺席，不在
课堂检测
Thank You!