Unit 2 Saving the earth. Topic 3知识点讲义-2025-2026学年仁爱科普版（2012）英语九年级上册

unit 2 topic 3
1. Could I ask you a few questions
在表示请求的句子中，一般不用yes 和no 来直接回答。可用Certainly/Sure/Of course. 作肯定回答；用Sorry，I'm afraid... 作肯定回答。a few 可用some 代替，在表示请求、建议或希望得到肯定回答时，用some 而不用any。
Why not get some food and drinks for the picnic （表示建议，希望对方赞成和呼应）
2.We all know that you're working for an organization that protects the environment.
*that在此引导的是定于从句，先行词是an organization，在从句中充当主语成分。
*work for 为...效劳，工作
I wouldn't work for her again 我再也不替她做事了
His father works for a big company.
（ ）1. I _______ a software company. 我在为一家软件公司工作。
A. work as B. work out C. work for D. work on
3. My main job is to help spread the message about protecting the environment.
(1)to help spread the message... 是动词不定式短语作表语，也可以用helping... 作表语，但不能用动词原形。
(2)help spread = help to spread 帮助传播
help sb. (to)do sth. = help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事；
help to do sth. = help do sth. ；help with sth. 帮着做某事；
can't help doing sth. = can't stop doing sth. 禁不住做某事
His hobby is to take exercise. 他的爱好就是运动。
Walking after dinner helps (to)keep healthy. 饭后散步有助于保持健康。
1.听到那个消息后，她禁不住哭了。After _________ the news, she ________ _________ _________.
4. What can we do at home to protect the environment
protect (sb/sth) (against/from sth) 保护，防护
what can women do to protect themselves from heart disease
It's important to protect my fair skin from the sun. 保护我白皙的皮肤不受日晒是很紧要的。
5. Recycling can protect the environment , and it can save money, too.
= not only... but also... 或者... as well
6. So we encourage students to collect waste paper and soft drink cans.
encourage sb. to do sth.
Music and lighting are used to encourage shoppers to buy more.
用音乐和灯光刺激购物者买更多的东西
We encourage all students to work at their own pace.
我们鼓励学生都按自己的节奏学习。
7.Then wen can sort them so that they can be recycled.
*Sort :1.v.整理，把......分类，妥善处理
You'll need method to sort out this mess. 你需要条理来整理这烂摊子。
Sorting these papers out is going to be a long job. 整理这些文件是很费工夫的事
I am tired of sorting out mails every day. 我讨厌每天把信件分类
2.n. 种类；类别
There are many different sorts of animal on the island. 岛上有许多不同种类的动物。
These sort of cars are new. 这些种类的车是新的。
*So that 引导目的状语从句，可与in order that 替换。
so that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词。
I speak loudly so that all the students can hear me clearly. = In order to make all students hear me clearly, I speak loudly.
I go swimming every day in order to keep fit.
= I go swimming every day so that I can keep fit.
8. It’s a pleasure.
It’s a pleasure./ My pleasure./ A pleasure./ You are welcome.等语义相同，用于当别人对你说Thank you.时， 即“不用谢”。
With pleasure./ All right./ No problem./ I’d like to.等语义相同，用于别人求你做事，你很乐意去做的时候。
简单说，It’s a pleasure.用于事情发生之后，而With pleasure.用于事情发生之前。
9. or, and, but ,while 的用法。
①while , “虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。作为并列连词“而，然而”，用来表示对比，句中描述的形成对比、对立的情况。
Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.
While he is poor , he is happy.
②or ,”或者，还是”，表示选择； “否则，不然”表示一种否定的条件句；“要不就是...”，引出另外一种可能性；“和，也不”用于否定句和疑问句，代替and
Would you like a cup of coffee or tea
Hurry up, or you will be late.
I could come next week, or the week after. 我可能下周来，或者再下一周。
She does not enjoy parties or dining out.
③but, “但是”， 表示转折；用于道歉的表达之后；“而，反而”，用于某些否定句后。
By the end of the day we were tired but happy.
I'm sorry but I can't stay any longer.
I know nobody but you.
She likes nothing but chocolate.
④and, 并列连词，译为“和、并且”等；用and连接动词的用法：and+动词作目的状语，相当于“to”，不必译出；表条件和结果，在祈使句后，常用and连接一个简单句。
She and I are good friends.
I teach her Chinese and she teaches me English.
I like apples, oranges and bananas.
Go and see.
Come and meet my family.
Get up early and you will catch the bus.
*and 还有许多其他用法，比如表示递进、强调、因果关系、承接关系等。
She is very busy and she doesn’t come home very often.（因果）她很忙，所以不常回家。
We waited and waited.（重复结构表示强调）我们等呀等。
He did the work and he did it well.（递进）他完成了工作，而且做得很好。
The alarm rang and he jumped out of bed immediately.（强调了这种紧密的承接关系）
闹钟一响，他立刻就跳下了床。
1．Winning in the Olympics is Lucy’s dream. ________ it isn’t easy to make it.
A．As B．But C．Or D．So
2．The doctor doesn’t feel well today, ________ he still works very hard.
A．but B．and C．so D．or
3．I like English, ________ I have to work hard at it.
A．although B．but C．so D．or
4．—I don’t know what to wear to Tom’s birthday party.
—You can wear ________ the red dress ________ the white skirt.
A．from...to B．between...and C．either...or D．not...but
5．—Sam, do you like baseball ________ tennis —Tennis. I think tennis is very interesting.
A．and B．or C．but D．so
6．Keep working hard, ________ you will find lots of hidden abilities in yourself.
A．and B．but C．or D．if
7．WeChat is very popular. ________ the young ________ the old are interested in it.
A．Neither; nor B．Either; or C．Not only; but also D．Between; and
8．Cindy and I are twin sisters, but I like singing ______ she likes dancing.
A．when B．as C．or D．while
9．He speaks English French. He speaks Chinese.
A．either; or B．not only; but also C．both; and D．neither; nor
10．______ Bob is very tall, ______ he can’t play basketball.
A．/; but B．Although; but C．Because; so D．/; although
10. Would you like to be a greener person
同义句：Do you want to be a greener person
= How about / What about being a greener person
=Why not / Why don’t you be a greener person
= Let’s be greener persons!
11. You ought to shut off the electricity when you leave a room.
ought to “应该，应当”，语气比should要强，指道义上应该做到的事情，有时含有督促或责备的语气。Should指主观上感到有责任或者有义务去做。
否定式: ought not to do = oughtn’t to do
You ought to help the old people in need.
You should keep the classroom clean.
You ought not to get up late.
Ought I to tell him the bad news --- Yes, you ought . No, you oughtn’t .
There ought to be a law against it!
应该有法律来防止这种事！
They ought to apologize. 他们应该道歉。
Children ought to be able to read by the age of 7.儿童7岁时应该识字了。
1.You__________ ________help your mother________ ________ _________. 你应该帮你妈妈做些家务。
12. You'd better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance.
(1)If 引导条件状语从句，主祈从现。
If you want to keep fit, you should exercise often.
(2)instead of ,“代替，替代，而不是”
Now I can walk to work instead of going by car. 而不是
He will do the work instead of you. 他将代替你做这项工作。
Can I have a double instead of a single room 能给我间双人间代替单人间吗？
I went to borrow this book instead of to buy it. 我去借这本书，而不是去买它。
（ ）1. —Did you go fishing yesterday —No, because it suddenly rained and we had to stay at home ______ .
A. too B. instead C. again D. instead of
13. Easier said than done.说起来容易做起来难。
Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
Love me, love my dog. 爱屋及乌。
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
A bad thing never dies. 遗臭万年。
A good medicine tastes better. 良药苦口。
All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
14. They built big solar farms, like the Longyangxia Dam Solar Park, to produce electricity from the sun.
知识补充：龙羊峡水光互补光伏电站
位于青海省海南州共和县塔拉滩黄河公司产业园内，共划分9个光伏发电生产区，总装机容量为850MWp，2013年Ⅰ期320MW竣工，2015年Ⅱ期530MW竣工占地面积20.40km2，是目前全球建设规模最大的水光互补并网光伏电站。投产以来，电站每年将824GWh绿色能源输送到西北电网。
“水光互补”，就是把光伏发电站和水电站组合成一个电源。龙羊峡水光互补光伏电站最大的优势就是水电与光伏发电协调运行，利用水光互补，通过水电调节后送入电网，从电源端起，解决了光伏发电稳定性差的问题。
15. Even German experts think highly of the technology of China’s high-speed train.
think highly of ... 对......高度评价；尊重；评价极高
The boss seems to think highly of you. 上司似乎很器重你。
We all think highly of his research work in this field. 我们对他在这个领域中的研究工作倍加赞赏。
I don't think highly of him because he often lies. 我对他评价不高，他经常撒谎。
16.China serves as a good guide for other countries in guiding them to using cheap and green energy.
（1）serve as... 充当，担任，扮演某种角色或起到某种作用。
The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two. 沙发可以当床凑合一两夜。
Her life and her success serve as good example for many women. 她的生活和成功是许多妇女的榜样。
This experience will serve as a valuable lesson for me in the future.
这次经历将来会为我充当一个宝贵的教训。
The old town hall now serves as a museum and a cultural center.
旧市政厅现在起着一座博物馆和文化中心的作用。
guide
①v. 带领，指导，影响，阐明，解释
She guided us through the busy streets to the cathedral.她带领我们穿过繁忙的街道去大教堂。
She took her arm and guided her across the busy road.她挽着她的手臂领她横穿过繁忙的公路。
In classroom, a teacher is the major guide to students in English learning.
在英语课堂上，教师情感起主导作用，直接影响着学生的情感。
②n.指南，手册，导游，向导
Our 10-page guide will help you to change your life for the better.
我们这本10页的指南有助于您提高生活品质。
We hope you will find this guide useful.
希望这本手册可以为你带来帮助。
During the morning your guide will take you around the city导游上午会带你们游览全城。
We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains.
我们雇了一名当地人做向导带领我们翻山越岭。
17. In many countries, such as New Zealand, Canada, and Brazil , forests were cut down to provide wood to build houses.
such as + 同类型多个单词，表示举例。 与for example 用法不同。
I know four languages, such as Japanese and English.
Smoking and drinking are bad for us. For example, they may cause illness for us.
烟酒有害健康。例如，他们可能会给我们带来疾病。
18. By planting millions of trees every year, they are not only making thier own environment better but also helping the whole world. This show that Chinese really care about the earth.
(1)by+doing, 通过、利用......的方法
I improve my oral English by practicing speaking every day.
not only ... but also... ,不仅......而且...... ,双主语并列，谓语动词由第二个主语决定（就近原则）。
同种谓语动词用法的词组： neither... nor..., either ... or...
Not only you but your sister is nice.
Neither Tom nor his parents like west food.
care about 关心，在乎
He doesn't bloody care about anybody else. 他根本不关心别人。
They look too wasted to care about much. 他们看上去疲惫不堪，以至于顾不上太多。
Lighting up people's day that's what we care about. 我们真正在意的就是能够照亮人们的生活，给人们带来轻松美好的一天。