2026届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句 课件(共32张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2026届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句 课件(共32张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-10-08 08:16:56 | ||
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(共32张PPT)
通往复杂句式的进阶石
定语从句
重要性
定语从句是高中英语最重要的语法项目之一，也是简单句拓展为复杂句式的常见方式之一。在高考阅读中占有较高的比重，是高考英语大纲规定的重要考试项目。熟练掌握好定语从句能增强对阅读文章的理解，有效提高英语学习能力。
理论知识
定义：在复合句中，修饰限定某一名词或代词的从句，称为定语从句。
1 She is the girl who/that lives next door.
2 The work which/that has just been finished is very important.
3 I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
问题：什么是定语从句
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。先行词可以是名词，代词也可以是整个句子。引导定语从句的的词叫作关系词，关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）和关系副词 (when, where, why)。关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语或定语。关系副词在从句中作状语。
表格1和表格2分别为关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的功能。
表格1 关系代词的功能
关系代词 代替人 代替物 代替人或物 注
从句中作主语 who which that 关系代词作从句中动词的宾语时可省略
从句中作宾语 whom which that 从句中作定语 whose whose 表格1和表格2分别为关系代词和关系副词的在定语从句中的功能。
表格2 关系副词的功能
关系副词 被代替的先行词 在从句中的作用
when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why reason 原因状语
理论知识
老大: 限制性定语从句 老二叫非限制性定语从句。
两者的显著区别有：
1）限制性定语从句不能用逗号与先行词分开；非限制性定语从句和先行词或主句之间常用逗号分开。
2）关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
定语从句有个双胞胎
逗号后面不能用that
有逗号的是非限制性定语从句
欣赏例句并翻译
a. She is the girl who met me yesterday.
b. She is the girl whom I met yesterday.
c. This is the book which I bought yesterday.
d. He passed the driving test, which surprised everybody in the office.
e. This is the place where we first met.
欣赏例句并翻译
f. I will never forget the time when we worked together on the farm.
g. The reason why he was late was that he missed his train.
h. Beijing, which is the capital of China, has a very long history.
i. The man chose to live in a room whose window faces the sea.
解题步骤
第一步：先找出先行词，即被从句修饰或限定的名词（人或物）；
第二步：分析关系词在从句中作什么成分 （主语，宾语，状语还是定语）；
第三步：根据以上分析，最终确定关系词。
定语从句在语法填空中的公式
_________
人
名词
动词+其它
，
who
物
which
时间
when
地点
where
whose
名词
名词+不及物动词
名词+不及物动词
名词+动词
所属关系：译为“谁的”
定语从句在语法填空中的公式
名词，
Some of/ many of/ most of/ none of/each of
________
动词+其它
如果逗号前面的名词，是人就填whom，是物就填which。
定语从句在语法填空中的公式
重要提示：
当先行词是case, point, position, condition, situation, atmosphere时，后面常接where引导的定语从句。
难点解读： “介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词既可可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指物时，关系代词用which；先行词指人时，关系代词用whom。当介词放在关系代词前时，关系代词不能省略。
基本形式: 介词+ whom（指人）；介词+ which（指物）。
注意：介词后面不能接that
介词的确定:
1）根据定语从句中的动词或形容词与介词的搭配来确定
① The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our company.
② This is the dictionary for which you paid five dollars.
③ You can make a lot of friends with whom you can discuss things you are interested in.
④ He is the really the person from whom we have a lot to learn.
介词的确定:
2）根据介词与先行词的搭配来确定
Creating an atmosphere in which employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
He will never forget the day on which he failed the exam.
你还需要知晓的以下知识
1 定语从句中只用that作为关系代词的四种情况 ：
a) 不定代词,如：anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which. All that is needed is a supply of oil.
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
b) 先行词有the only, the very, the just修饰时,只用that. He is the very man that helped the girl out of the water.
你需要知晓的以下知识
1 定语从句中只用that作为关系代词的四种情况 ：
c) 先行词为序数词(the last)、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that.. The first English book that I read was “The Prince and the Pauper” by Mark Twin.
d) 先行词既有人,又有物时. He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited .
你需要知晓的以下知识
2不宜使用that的情况
1) 关系代词前有介词时
e.g. This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.
2) 非限定性定语从句中
e.g. He has a daughter, who works in a hospital.
火焰金睛 看透真题
1 The road conditions there turned to be very good, _________was more than we could expect.
which
火焰金睛 看透真题
2) ______________ was true with many people, I got very homesick and often thought about going home.
考点解读：which 与as在引导非限制性定语从句时, 区别有两点。1） as 引导的非限制性定语从句可位于句首或句末，而which引导从句的不能放在句首。2） as 还有“正如…” “正像…”之意，而which没有。
3) ______________ is reported in newspaper, two countries are making progress toward peace and development.
As
As
4) ______________ is known to all, China has four famous inventions in history.
As
火焰金睛 看透真题
5) Our neighbor, ______________ name is Charles Alison, will sail tomorrow.
6) The small boat, ______________ took eleven weeks to cross the Atlantic, arrived at England yesterday.
7) We then moved to London, __________ we lived for five years .
whose
which
where
火焰金睛 看透真题
8) Captain Howard’s first passenger was a doctor ____________ flew from Birmingham to a lonely village.
9) Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall _______________ surrounds (环绕) the president’s palace.
10) These days, people ______________ do manual work often receive far more money than people _____________ work in offices.
who/that
which/ that
who/that
who/that
火焰金睛 看透真题
11) The Verrazano Bridge, _______________ was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island.
12) The first thing I saw when I entered the art gallery was a notice ___________ said: ‘Do not touch the exhibits. Some of them are dangerous!’
13) A man ____________ had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas.
which
which/that
who/that
火焰金睛 看透真题
14) Then, later that afternoon, another big earthquake ______________ was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.
15) Here are my neighbors __________ home was destroyed by the earthquake.
which/that
whose
火焰金睛 看透真题
16) The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people _________ were asleep .
17) The frightened boy ________ mother was lost in the disaster is looking for her now.
18) “Is this young man ________ saved several people trapped under buildings ” she asked.
who/that
whose
who/that
火焰金睛 看透真题
19) A number of children__________ parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities.
20) We went to see our teacher ________ husband lost his life in the earthquake.
21) The growing speed of economy is influnced by a lot of factors（因素）, most of _______ are beyond our control.
whose
whose
which
火焰金睛 看透真题
22) Many young people, most of _______ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
23) We are just trying to reach a point______both sides will sit down together and talk.
whom
where
火焰金睛 看透真题
24) It’s helpful to put children in a situation____________ they can see themselves differently.
25) There are nearly one hundred foreign students in our university, most of _________ are from American and Australia.
where
whom
火焰金睛 看透真题
26) Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ____________ you can hear some lovely music.
27) My eldest son, __________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
where
whose
28 An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
which
通往复杂句式的进阶石
定语从句
重要性
定语从句是高中英语最重要的语法项目之一，也是简单句拓展为复杂句式的常见方式之一。在高考阅读中占有较高的比重，是高考英语大纲规定的重要考试项目。熟练掌握好定语从句能增强对阅读文章的理解，有效提高英语学习能力。
理论知识
定义：在复合句中，修饰限定某一名词或代词的从句，称为定语从句。
1 She is the girl who/that lives next door.
2 The work which/that has just been finished is very important.
3 I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
问题：什么是定语从句
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。先行词可以是名词，代词也可以是整个句子。引导定语从句的的词叫作关系词，关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）和关系副词 (when, where, why)。关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语或定语。关系副词在从句中作状语。
表格1和表格2分别为关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的功能。
表格1 关系代词的功能
关系代词 代替人 代替物 代替人或物 注
从句中作主语 who which that 关系代词作从句中动词的宾语时可省略
从句中作宾语 whom which that 从句中作定语 whose whose 表格1和表格2分别为关系代词和关系副词的在定语从句中的功能。
表格2 关系副词的功能
关系副词 被代替的先行词 在从句中的作用
when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why reason 原因状语
理论知识
老大: 限制性定语从句 老二叫非限制性定语从句。
两者的显著区别有：
1）限制性定语从句不能用逗号与先行词分开；非限制性定语从句和先行词或主句之间常用逗号分开。
2）关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
定语从句有个双胞胎
逗号后面不能用that
有逗号的是非限制性定语从句
欣赏例句并翻译
a. She is the girl who met me yesterday.
b. She is the girl whom I met yesterday.
c. This is the book which I bought yesterday.
d. He passed the driving test, which surprised everybody in the office.
e. This is the place where we first met.
欣赏例句并翻译
f. I will never forget the time when we worked together on the farm.
g. The reason why he was late was that he missed his train.
h. Beijing, which is the capital of China, has a very long history.
i. The man chose to live in a room whose window faces the sea.
解题步骤
第一步：先找出先行词，即被从句修饰或限定的名词（人或物）；
第二步：分析关系词在从句中作什么成分 （主语，宾语，状语还是定语）；
第三步：根据以上分析，最终确定关系词。
定语从句在语法填空中的公式
_________
人
名词
动词+其它
，
who
物
which
时间
when
地点
where
whose
名词
名词+不及物动词
名词+不及物动词
名词+动词
所属关系：译为“谁的”
定语从句在语法填空中的公式
名词，
Some of/ many of/ most of/ none of/each of
________
动词+其它
如果逗号前面的名词，是人就填whom，是物就填which。
定语从句在语法填空中的公式
重要提示：
当先行词是case, point, position, condition, situation, atmosphere时，后面常接where引导的定语从句。
难点解读： “介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词既可可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指物时，关系代词用which；先行词指人时，关系代词用whom。当介词放在关系代词前时，关系代词不能省略。
基本形式: 介词+ whom（指人）；介词+ which（指物）。
注意：介词后面不能接that
介词的确定:
1）根据定语从句中的动词或形容词与介词的搭配来确定
① The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our company.
② This is the dictionary for which you paid five dollars.
③ You can make a lot of friends with whom you can discuss things you are interested in.
④ He is the really the person from whom we have a lot to learn.
介词的确定:
2）根据介词与先行词的搭配来确定
Creating an atmosphere in which employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
He will never forget the day on which he failed the exam.
你还需要知晓的以下知识
1 定语从句中只用that作为关系代词的四种情况 ：
a) 不定代词,如：anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which. All that is needed is a supply of oil.
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
b) 先行词有the only, the very, the just修饰时,只用that. He is the very man that helped the girl out of the water.
你需要知晓的以下知识
1 定语从句中只用that作为关系代词的四种情况 ：
c) 先行词为序数词(the last)、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that.. The first English book that I read was “The Prince and the Pauper” by Mark Twin.
d) 先行词既有人,又有物时. He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited .
你需要知晓的以下知识
2不宜使用that的情况
1) 关系代词前有介词时
e.g. This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.
2) 非限定性定语从句中
e.g. He has a daughter, who works in a hospital.
火焰金睛 看透真题
1 The road conditions there turned to be very good, _________was more than we could expect.
which
火焰金睛 看透真题
2) ______________ was true with many people, I got very homesick and often thought about going home.
考点解读：which 与as在引导非限制性定语从句时, 区别有两点。1） as 引导的非限制性定语从句可位于句首或句末，而which引导从句的不能放在句首。2） as 还有“正如…” “正像…”之意，而which没有。
3) ______________ is reported in newspaper, two countries are making progress toward peace and development.
As
As
4) ______________ is known to all, China has four famous inventions in history.
As
火焰金睛 看透真题
5) Our neighbor, ______________ name is Charles Alison, will sail tomorrow.
6) The small boat, ______________ took eleven weeks to cross the Atlantic, arrived at England yesterday.
7) We then moved to London, __________ we lived for five years .
whose
which
where
火焰金睛 看透真题
8) Captain Howard’s first passenger was a doctor ____________ flew from Birmingham to a lonely village.
9) Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall _______________ surrounds (环绕) the president’s palace.
10) These days, people ______________ do manual work often receive far more money than people _____________ work in offices.
who/that
which/ that
who/that
who/that
火焰金睛 看透真题
11) The Verrazano Bridge, _______________ was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island.
12) The first thing I saw when I entered the art gallery was a notice ___________ said: ‘Do not touch the exhibits. Some of them are dangerous!’
13) A man ____________ had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas.
which
which/that
who/that
火焰金睛 看透真题
14) Then, later that afternoon, another big earthquake ______________ was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.
15) Here are my neighbors __________ home was destroyed by the earthquake.
which/that
whose
火焰金睛 看透真题
16) The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people _________ were asleep .
17) The frightened boy ________ mother was lost in the disaster is looking for her now.
18) “Is this young man ________ saved several people trapped under buildings ” she asked.
who/that
whose
who/that
火焰金睛 看透真题
19) A number of children__________ parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities.
20) We went to see our teacher ________ husband lost his life in the earthquake.
21) The growing speed of economy is influnced by a lot of factors（因素）, most of _______ are beyond our control.
whose
whose
which
火焰金睛 看透真题
22) Many young people, most of _______ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
23) We are just trying to reach a point______both sides will sit down together and talk.
whom
where
火焰金睛 看透真题
24) It’s helpful to put children in a situation____________ they can see themselves differently.
25) There are nearly one hundred foreign students in our university, most of _________ are from American and Australia.
where
whom
火焰金睛 看透真题
26) Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ____________ you can hear some lovely music.
27) My eldest son, __________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
where
whose
28 An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
which