外研版（2019）必修第二册UNIT 2 Let’s celebrate！词汇课件（共74张PPT)

(共74张PPT)
UNIT 2　Let’s celebrate！
honour vt. 向……表示敬意；尊敬，尊重(某人)；给予……荣誉 n. 尊敬；荣幸；荣誉
Freedom Day is to honour an event. 自由日是为了纪念一个事件。
honour sb (with sth) (for sth)(因……)(以某荣誉、称号、奖项等)表彰某人
be/feel honoured to do sth做某事感到很荣幸
in honour of...为了向……表示敬意；纪念……
have the honour of sth/doing sth
得到某殊荣/有幸做某事
It is an honour to do sth 很荣幸做某事
·Scientists were honoured models for their great achievements in science. 科学家们因其伟大的科学成就而受到表彰。
·I’m deeply honoured to be here and give you a speech about my adventure. 能够在这里发表演讲，讲述我的探险经历，我深感荣幸。
·People celebrate Father’s Day in honour of their fathers. 人们庆祝父亲节来向他们的父亲表示敬意。
·Last year I had the honour of meeting my favourite calligrapher. 去年，我有幸见到了自己最喜欢的书法家。
regard v. 认为，看作；(尤指以某种方式)注视，凝视
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year. 这就是为什么《圣诞老人的来信》对于那些把圣诞节视为一年中特殊时刻的人来说是一本完美的书。
·They were alike too, in a general benevolence of temper, and a strong habit of regard for every old acquaintance. 他们也很相似：脾气温和，而且习惯于尊重每一个老熟人。
regard ...as ... 把……视作……
·He seemed to regard the whole thing as a joke.他似乎是把整件事当成玩笑。
regard n.注意，关注，关心；尊重，尊敬，敬佩；(用于信函结尾或转达问候)致
意，问候
as regards sb/sth 关于，至于
in this/that regard 在这方面，在这一点上
in/with regard to sb/sth 关于，至于
pay regard to 重视，注意到　
·As regards the war, Haig believed in victory at any price.关于这场战争，黑格认为应不惜任何代价获胜。
·I have nothing further to say in this regard.在这方面，我没什么要说的了。
·We’ve made extraordinary progress as a society in that regard.我们社会在那方面已经取得了巨大进步。
·The department is reviewing its policy with regard to immunisation.该部门正在重新审查其有关免疫注射的政策。
·Social services should pay proper regard to the needs of inner-city areas.社会服务机构应该对市中心贫民区的需要给予应有的关注。
complain v. 抱怨，不满，发牢骚
In another letter, Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.
在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他是如何无法阻止他的助手们拿玩具玩游戏，而不是把它们包裹起来的。
·He tries to complain about anything in India as if he is experiencing it for the first time. 他开始抱怨印度的一切东西，就好像他第一次去印度一样。
complain (to sb)(about/of sth)(因某物向某人)抱怨，埋怨，发牢骚
complain of sth 诉说(病情或痛苦)
·I’m going to complain to the manager about this.我要就这件事向经理投诉。
·She left early, complaining of a headache.她说自己头疼，很早就离开了。
complaint n. 抱怨，诉苦；疾病；委屈
complaint about/against sb/sth 对某人/某物的不满
·We received a number of complaints from customers about the lack of parking facilities.我们收到了来自顾客的许多投诉，抱怨缺乏停车设施。
·I believe you have a complaint against one of our employees.我认为你对我们的一位职员有怨言。
warning n. 警告，警示，告诫；先兆
Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.有趣的是，这封信并没有像往常一样警告孩子们，如果他们表现不好，他们可能收不到礼物。
·Doctors issued a warning against eating any fish caught in the river. 医生发出警告：不要吃在那条河里捕的鱼。
warn v. 警告，提醒；通知，发出警告，发出预告
warn off 警告……离开；告诫……停止做……
warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
warn against 警告(……)不要；提醒(……)提防
warn about 就……提出警告　
·The police have put up signs to warn people off this area.警方已竖起了标示牌，告诫人们不要靠近这一地区。
·It seems only right to warn you of the risk.似乎应该警告你有风险。
·Other researchers warn against jumping to conclusions.而其他的一些研究人员则提出不要过早下结论。
·I wanted to warn you about that.我本想要警告你们这件事的。
starving adj. 挨饿的，即将饿死的
...remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.……请记住，在今年的圣诞节，全世界还有很多穷人和挨饿的人。
·Pictures of starving children have sent many people scurrying to donate money. 看到一张张忍饥挨饿的孩子们的照片，许多人赶忙解囊相助。
starvation n. 饿死，挨饿，饥饿
starve v.(使)挨饿，饿死；缺乏……的；急需……的
starve sb into sth/into doing sth 断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人做某事
starve sb out (of sth)以断绝食物来源迫使某人出来
starve to death 饿死
starve for 渴望；急需
·Millions of people are threatened with starvation as a result of drought and poor harvests.数百万人因干旱和歉收正受到饥饿的威胁。
·She’s starving herself to try to lose weight.她试图通过节食来减肥。
·The army intends to take the city or simply starve it into submission.这个军队打算占领这座城市或干脆使其挨饿到投降。
·The animals were left to starve to death.那些动物只能等着饿死。
·I starve for your help in such condition.在这样的情况下我急切渴望得到你的帮助。
keep...alive 使继续下去；使活着
As parents, they try to keep that magic alive for their children for as long as they can. 作为父母，他们尽量让这种魔法在孩子身上永存。
keep ... alive为 “keep＋宾语＋宾补” 结构，意为 “使……继续处于某种状态”，keep为使役动词。这一结构可以分为三类：
1. keep＋宾语＋名词/形容词/副词/介词短语
2. keep＋宾语＋现在分词
3. keep＋宾语＋过去分词
keep the window open 使窗户一直开着
keep one’s mouth shut 让某人闭嘴
·I kept her waiting for 2 hours.我让她等了两个小时。
address...to...寄(信、包裹等)给某人；(正式用语)向……讲话，向……论述，向……提出(评论、申诉等)
It was addressed to Tolkien’s children. 是寄给托尔金的孩子们的。
·Any questions should be addressed to your teacher. 任何问题都应该向你的老师
求教。
address v. 写(收信人)姓名地址，致函；演说，演讲；向……说话；称呼(某人)，冠以(某种称呼)；设法解决，处理，对付 n. 住址，地址，通信处；(互联网等的)地址；演说，演讲　
·The letter was correctly addressed, but delivered to the wrong house. 信上的姓名地址写得都对，但被错投到另一家去了。
·I was surprised when he addressed me in English. 他用英语跟我说话，我很诧异。
·We must address ourselves to the problem of traffic pollution. 我们必须设法解决交通污染问题。
·When his father died, Paul had to address himself to earning his own living.保罗在父亲死后就不得不开始自己谋生了。
·They heckled him and interrupted his address with angry questions.他们冲他起哄，以激愤的问题打断他的发言。
wrap...up包裹起来
In another letter, Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他是如何无法阻止他的助手们拿玩具玩游戏，而不是把它们包裹起来的。
·Kids just love being able to romp around in the fresh air without having to wrap up warm. 孩子们非常喜欢不用裹着厚实的衣服在空气新鲜的户外嬉闹。
wrap sth (up) (in sth) 包，裹(礼物等)，用……包裹(或包扎、覆盖等)
wrap sth around/round sth/sb 用……缠绕(或围紧)
be wrapped up in sb/sth 专心致志于，全神贯注于，完全沉浸于　
This/That is why...是一个常见句型，意为“这/那就是……的原因”。其中why引导表语从句。关于原因的常见句型还有：
This/That is because...这/那是因为……
The reason why...is that...……的原因是……
·This is because your recent studies and qualifications are the most relevant to an employer. 这是因为你最近的研究和资历对雇主来说是最密切相关的。
·The reason why he is absent is that he is ill.
他之所以缺席是因为他生病了。
indicate v. 表明，显示；象征，暗示；示意
What do the words in bold indicate： an order, a request, ability or possibility？黑体字表示什么：命令、要求、能力或可能性？
·All would seem to indicate that there was also a short and medium, with tall being the largest. 这似乎意味着还有矮杯和中杯，“高杯”该为最大杯。
·Research indicates that eating habits are changing fast. 研究显示，饮食习惯正迅速改变。
indicator n. 指示器；[试剂]指示剂；[计]指示符；压力计
indication n. 指示，指出；迹象；象征
indicative adj. 象征的，指示的，表示……的
request n. 请求，要求；要求的事
What do the words in bold indicate： an order, a request, ability or possibility？黑体字表示什么：命令、要求、能力或可能性？
request for 要求，对……有请求
at the request of 应……的要求
on request 应要求；承索(即寄等)
make a request 请求
at one’s request 依照某人的请求
·As the manager would not grant her request for an increase in salary, his secretary walked out on him. 经理没有答应秘书加薪的要求，她就离开了他。
wave v.挥手，招手，挥臂；摆动n. 海浪，波浪，波涛；涌现的人(或事物)，涌动的人(或物)
Oh, they’re waving at us！哦，他们在向我们招手！
·I’ll be back in a moment, and if you need anything anytime, just wave at me！我一会儿就回来，如果您有什么需要的话，随时向我招招手！
·A man in the water was shouting and waving his arms around frantically. 水里有个人大喊大叫，拼命摆动着双臂。
wave sb goodbye＝say goodbye to sb向某人挥手告别某人
wave sth around/about挥舞……
wave sb through/on/away示意某人通过……
wave sth aside对(某人的意见)不屑一顾，不理会
wave sth/sb down 挥手示意……停车
wave sb off挥手告别某人
attract v. 吸引，引起……的兴趣；使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)
The lantern fair attracts a lot of people, so it’s one of the busiest times of year for the traffic police.灯会吸引了很多人，所以它是交警一年中最忙的时候之一。
·Please do not be irritated by his offensive remarks since he is merely trying to attract attention. 请不要因为他无礼的言语生气，他只想吸引别人的注意力罢了。
attract sb to sb/sth 吸引某人关注某人/某物
attract one’s attention/interest 引起某人的注意/兴趣
·What first attracted me to the gallery was the unique design of the wall. 这个画廊首先吸引我的是墙面的独特设计。
·The strange graffiti immediately attracted the little boy’s attention. 那些奇奇怪怪的涂鸦立刻吸引了这个小男孩的注意力。
attraction n.吸引，吸引力；引力；吸引人的事物
attractive adj.吸引人的，有吸引力的，引人注目的
be attractive to... 对……有吸引力　
tempt/charm/attract/enchant/fascinate
单词 意义 例句
tempt 意为“引诱；怂恿； 吸引”，指吸引力很强，强调欲望被唤醒。 Don’t let credit tempt you to buy something you can’t afford. 不要因为可以赊账，就买超过自己支付能力的东西。
charm 意为“(使)吸引”，侧重迷住某人或使之高兴。 The books have charmed children the world over.这些书使全世界儿童着迷。
单词 意义 例句
attract 意为“吸引”，是普通用词，指客观上吸引人的注意力。 We had to hype the film to attract the financiers. 我们不得不大肆炒作这部电影以吸引投资人的注意。
enchant 意为“使陶醉，使迷惑”，着重
指有能力引起被迷住者的欢乐或
赞美。 I was enchanted by the way she smiled.她微笑时的样子让我陶醉。
fascinate 意为“深深吸引； 迷住”，通常含使人无法拒绝、无法摆脱的意味。 These things never get old, and always manage to fascinate. 这些东西从来不会过时， 并且总是让人着迷。
check out 了解清楚；核实，查实；开支票(提款)；(旅馆)付账后离开；通过考核
Check out that girl over there dressed as a bride.看那边那个打扮成新娘的女孩。
·The local police found her story didn’t check out. 当地警方证实她的说法不成立。
·Mrs Hyde has checked out this morning. 海德夫人今天上午已经结账走了。
·The hotel insists that guests check out of their rooms before 11 o’clock in the morning. 这家旅馆一定要客人在上午11点钟前结账后离开房间。
本句中it为形式主语，不定式“to be early”为真正的主语。后半句是as引导的原因状语从句。
英语中用it 作形式主语的习惯用法：
1. 谓语为系表结构(be＋形容词/名词)时常构成句型：it＋be＋表语(形容词/名词)＋不定式。
· It is my duty to care for that patient. 照料那位病人是我的职责。
2. 当谓语为take, make, pay, cost, require, feel, need 等动词或者delight, amuse, excite, annoy, irritate 等与情绪有关的动词时，习惯上常用 it 作形式主语。
· It takes only ten minutes to get there. 到那儿只需十分钟。
· It feels good to stay away from the crowded city. 远离拥挤城市的感觉真不错。
3. It＋be＋表语＋动名词＝It＋be＋表语＋to do。
·It is a waste of time to argue with him.
＝ It is a waste of time arguing with him.
和他争辩是浪费时间。
4. 表语＋(of) no use/not any use/not the slightest use/no good/not much good/fun等时，常用动名词作主语并用 it 作形式主语。
· It’s no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
occasion n. 场合，时刻；时机，机会；理由
The occasion is more enjoyable without all that tiring cooking, and the dishes taste better！不用辛苦地做饭，用餐会更加愉快，菜肴也更美味。
·The meal gave the occasion an almost festive air. 这些食物使整个场合有了近乎节日般的喜庆氛围。
on one occasion 有一次，曾经
on another occasion 还有一次
on the occasion of 值此……之际
on occasion 有时，偶尔
on that occasion 在那个时机，在那个时候；在那个场合下
rise to the occasion 应付自如
mark an occasion纪念某个事件
·I met strangers on that occasion. 那次我遇见了一些陌生人。
·On another occasion I answered the phone and the line went dead.还有一次，我接了电话，但紧接着就掉线了。
·He treated them seriously and, on occasion, entertained them hilariously.他对待他们严肃认真，偶尔又逗得他们捧腹不已。
occasional adj. 偶然的，临时的，不经常的
admit v. (不情愿地)承认；承认(过错、罪行)；招认，招供；准许……进入(某处)
Can’t they admit that the preparations for the dinner are hard work？难道他们能否认团圆饭的准备工作很辛苦吗？
admit of 容许，有……的可能
admit to sth/(to) doing sth (常指勉强)承认某事/做了某事
admit sb to/into sth 准许某人进入(某处)；准许某人加入(俱乐部、组织)；接收
(入学)
·His problem did not really admit of any solution. 他的问题真是没有解决的可能。
admission n. 承认；入场费；进入许可；招供；录用
effort n. 力气，精力；努力；费力的事；试图；尽力
I really don’t think it’s worth the effort of spending so much time preparing for a single meal, and then another hour cleaning up the mess after it’s over.我真的觉得花这么多时间准备一顿饭，饭后再花一个小时收拾残局是不值得的。
in an effort to 企图(努力想)；试图要
make efforts to do sth 努力做某事
spare no effort 不遗余力
joint effort 共同努力
make an effort 做出努力
·The sellers must determine how much of their position they wish to sacrifice in an effort to make the sell.为了促成这笔交易，卖方必须决定他们能做出多少让步。
·We should spare no effort to beautify our environment. 我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
·However, these enterprises make efforts to gain returns through random acts, which wastes their resources. 然而， 这些企业努力争取回报，但他们随机的行为却浪费了企业资源。
effortless adj. 容易的，不费力气的
effortful adj. 需要努力的，显示努力的，充满努力的　
process n. (为达到某目标的)过程，进程；步骤，流程，工序
To me, the process is even more important than the dinner itself.对我来说，这个过程甚至比晚餐本身更重要。
in the process of 在……的过程中
in the process 在过程中，在进行中
·In the process, he began to think there might be a practical use for these creatures.在这个过程中，他开始思索这些生物也许是有实用价值的。
process v.加工，处理；审阅，审核，处理(文件、请求等)；数据处理；列队行进；缓缓前进
procedure n. 程序，手续，步骤
proceeding n. 过程，事件；诉讼程序，诉讼
exist v. 存在；实际上有；(尤指在困境或贫困中)生活，生存
A fact is something that exists or has happened, for example, an object, event or experience.事实是存在或已经发生的事情，例如，一个物体、一个事件或一次经历。
exist under 在……下存在
can’t exist without 没……而不能生存
exist with 与……共存
exist on 靠……生活，靠……为生
exist in 存在于(相当于lie in)
exist as 以……形式(或形态)存在，作为……而存在
·As if there were any way that I could exist without you！好像没有你我还能够存在一样！
·He could barely exist on such a low wage.拿着这样微薄的收入，他只能勉强糊口。
·Many of the groups exist in name only.许多团体实际上是有名无实。
existence n. 存在，实有；生存，生活；存在物，实体
existing adj. 目前的，现存的
existent adj. 存在的，生存的　
interact v. 互动，交流；沟通；合作；相互影响，相互作用
People are also discovering the fun of interacting with the celebrations, rather than simply watching as part of an audience.人们也发现庆典互动的乐趣，而不仅仅是作为观众的一部分观看。
interact with 与……相互作用
interact on 作用，影响，制约
·After all, the free material does not add up to a diploma, and viewers can’t interact with the faculty.毕竟，免费资料不与学历挂钩，浏览者无法与教师进行互动。
interactive adj. 交互式的；相互作用的
interactional adj. 相互作用的
interaction n. 相互作用　
be keen on喜爱，喜欢；渴望，热衷于
Nowadays, some people choose to have the dinner in a restaurant, but not everyone is keen on this idea. 现在，有些人选择在餐馆吃饭，但不是每个人都喜欢这个主意。
·We are not very keen on floral patterns and fussy designs. 我们不是很喜欢花卉图案和过于繁琐的设计。
keen adj. 热情的；强烈的；灵敏的；敏锐的；锐利的
keen edge 锋利的刀刃
keen interest 强烈的兴趣
be keen to pass the examination 渴望通过考试
be keen to visit that city 很想去参观那座城市
be keen about going to the picnic 希望去野餐
be keen about/on music 爱好音乐
be keen of hearing 听力敏锐　
·Be brave, a fence between makes love more keen.勇敢点，受到阻隔的爱情会更
强烈。
·The blind have a keen sense of touch.盲人有敏锐的触觉。
·Their keen eyes can penetrate the water to a depth of forty feet.它们锐利的眼睛能透过水面看到40 英尺的深处。
in one’s opinion就个人观点，以某人看来，以某人的观点
In my opinion, what or where we eat on Spring Festival Eve really doesn’t matter.在我看来，除夕夜我们吃什么或在哪里吃真的不重要。
in one’s view 就某人观点
to my mind 依我看
as for as I’m concerned就我而言
in one’s life一生
in one’s honour 以某人的名誉
in one’s twenties 在某人二十多岁
in one’s free time 某人空闲时　
What’s more, not only are these attended and enjoyed by Chinese citizens living abroad, but by many other nationalities, too. 更重要的是，不仅海外的中国公民参加并享受这些活动，许多其他国家的人也参加了这些活动。
本句是由not only ...but (also)...(不仅……而且……)连接的并列句。not only...but also 常连接两个对称的并列成分。如：
·I not only play tennis but also practise shooting.我不仅打网球而且练习射击。(连接两个谓语动词)
·He plays not only the piano but also the violin.他不仅弹钢琴而且拉小提琴。(连接两个宾语)
not only...but also 还可连接两个分句，并且 not only 位于句首时，第一个分句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。如：
·Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat.太阳不仅给予我们光而且还给予我们热量。
·Not only is this young man clever but also he is hardworking.这个年轻人不仅聪明而且勤奋。
情态动词(二)
一、 情态动词表示推测的用法
1. can用于肯定句中表示客观的可能性，意为“有时会”；用于疑问句中可以表示推测，意为“可能”，有时表示一种惊讶的语气；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，can’t意为“不可能”，语气较为强烈。
You’d better put on a heavy coat.Sometimes it can be very cold here at night. 你最好穿上一件厚大衣，这里晚上有时很冷。
It couldn’t be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.不可能是词汇导致了你习题中的问题，因为你认识很多单词。
2. may/might用于肯定句中可以用来表示不十分肯定的推测，意为“有可能”；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，may not意为“可能不”，表示一种不太确定的语气。
—You needn’t take an umbrella.It isn’t going to rain.
—Well, I don’t know.It might do.
——你不需要带伞，不会下雨的。
——哦，我不知道。或许会下雨。
3. must表示推测时只能用于肯定句中，意为“一定，必定”，表示十分肯定的语气(在疑问句中或否定句中要用can/could)。
—Good morning.I’ve got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.
—Ah, good morning.You must be Ms Li.
——早上好。我和史密斯小姐约好了在人事部会见。
——哦，早上好。你一定是李女士吧。
4. should用来表示推测时，意为“应该”，即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思。
There shouldn’t be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school. 通过驾照考试对你来说应该没有任何难度，因为你已经在驾校练习了很久。
二、 “情态动词＋have done”的用法
情态动词＋have done 意义
must have done 一定做过某事，其否定形式为can’t/couldn’t have done
can/could have done 1. 本来能够做但却未做
2. 可能做过某事
can’t/couldn’t havedone 不可能做过某事
may/might have done 或许/可能做过某事
should/ought to havedone 本该做但却未做
shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done 本不该做但却做了
needn’t have done 做了本没有必要做的事情
The incident could have ended in tragedy.这个事件原本可能以悲剧告终。
I got up early, but I needn’t have done so, because I had no work to do that morning. 我起床起得很早，但我本来不必起那么早的，因为我那天早上没什么事做。
　　学科核心素养是学科育人价值的集中体现，是学生通过学科学习而逐步形成的正确价值观念、必备品格和关键能力。英语学科的核心素养包括语言能力、思维品质、文化意识和学习能力。
本文介绍中国农历新年的一些基本情况。
主题：春节
学科素养：文化意识
难度系数： ★★★
Millions of people across China crowded onto trains and buses this weekend, hurrying home to be with their families for the country’s most important holiday, Chinese Lunar New Year, or Spring Festival. January 28 marks the end of the Year of the Loong, and the beginning of the Year of the Snake.
Chinese New Year is celebrated at the second new moon after the winter solstice.The winter solstice, which falls around December 22， is one of two times of the year when the sun is at its greatest distance from the equator. It is also the shortest day of the year. According to an ancient legend, Buddha asked all the animals to meet him on Lunar New Year. Twelve animals came, and Buddha named a year after each one.
Buddha announced that people born in each animal’s year would have some of that animal’s personality. In ancient times, the loong was a symbol reserved for the Chinese Emperors. It is the only mythical creature in the 12-year cycle of animals. It is considered the best symbol for success, happiness and good fortune. People who were born in the Year of the Loong are believed to be brave, passionate and filled with luck and strength.
On Lunar New Year’s Eve, the Chinese celebrate with fireworks, family gatherings and festivals. One of the most popular ways to celebrate the holiday is with the lion dance. During celebrations, dancers dressed as lions perform. The dancers are supposed to bring good luck to the people they visit at their homes or businesses. People often wear red, which symbolises fire. Legend has it that fire can drive away bad luck.
The 15-day New Year season is celebrated with firecrackers, dragon dances and visits to friends and family. The celebrations end with the Lantern Festival, when brightly coloured lamps are hung in parks around China.
本句为主从复合句，定语从句省略了关系代词，修饰先行词the people。
人们认为舞狮人来到他们的家里或店铺，会给他们带来好运。
solstice n. 至，至点；(夏或冬)至
equator n. 赤道
Buddha n. 佛陀
mythical adj. 神话的；虚无的
mark v.是……的迹象，成为……的征兆，表明
symbolise v.象征，是……的象征，代表
drive away 赶走　firecracker n.鞭炮，爆竹