Section Ⅳ LESSON 2 LANGUAGE LEARNING TIPS
维度一：品句填词
1.The （奇特的） thing was that he didn’t recognise me.
2.Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider （语境）.
3.Most of us think a Fuji is the （经典的） cone （圆锥体） shape.
4.They can use another key （策略） for conflict resolution： listening.
5.I’ve never exchanged words with those moms （除了……） small talk.
6.This is an excellent fantasy （小说） from one of the best storytellers around.
7.Now over 25，000 stuffed animals have been donated to agencies （在全世界）.
8.There has been a big （投入） of resources into the project from industry.
9.She comes from England and is u with Chinese culture.
10.It took him a long time to a the skills.
维度二：词形转换
1.The course （normal） attracts about 100 students per year.
2.It’s best to find a builder through personal （recommend）.
3.The following day she felt （sufficient） well to go to work.
4.The company must reduce costs to compete （effective）.
5.This is a （simplify） example， but it illustrates the pattern.
6.You do not need to read in the same way you would if you needed to （memory） something.
7.This numerical method is simply （classic） Adams method.
8.She felt uneasy in the （familiar） surroundings.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1.We’d recommend you （早早预订你的航班）.
2.She （已经学得……非常好） English.
3.She entered the room （面带微笑）.
4.This type of cuisine （对……不熟悉的） most people in our city.
5.I （我很荣幸能被邀请） to speak at this event.
6.It’s an ideal we all have （在这方面或那方面）.
7. （除了英语课之外）， I took an active part in English corner.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·宁波高一下期末）We Welcome Your Stories and Poems！
We have many Chicken Soup for the Soul books in development and we frequently add new titles.
If you have a story or poem that you think fits two of the topics/books below， you may submit it to both.Then let us know in the Comments section that you’ve done so.
How to Submit Your Story
We welcome your stories and poems， written in English， from all over the world.We are always looking for new talent， so don’t be shy！
If this is your first time visiting us， please visit our Story Guidelines page， which will answer many of your questions about subject matter， length， and style.Following our guidelines will give you the best possible chance of being accepted.
Guidelines for a Chicken Soup for the Soul story
1.Tell an exciting， heartwarming or funny story about something that has happened to you or someone you know.Your story should be written in the first person and should be about yourself or someone close to you.
2.Don’t be afraid to speak from the heart.Many people tell personal stories for the first time in our books.We do let you use a pen name for your story if you do not want to use your real name.
3.Keep your story to 1，200 words or less.Tighten， tighten， tighten！
4.Your story must be true.No fiction， no creative writing.
5.The only way to submit your stories or poems to us is via our website.
6.Please submit only stories or poems that have not been previously published.
1.What can we write according to the text？（ ）
A.A 1，300-word story.
B.A story about someone else.
C.A story about an imaginary event.
D.A story written in the third person.
2.Which of the following is permitted？（ ）
A.Writing a story in Chinese.
B.Submitting a published story.
C.Submitting a story to two books.
D.Submitting a story through e-mail.
3.What’s the purpose of the passage？（ ）
A.To collect some works.
B.To attract some readers.
C.To offer some story-writing tips.
D.To share some story-writing skills.
B
James Carston is a shirt-making company.Set up in the 1920s by James Carston， a Manchester tailor， the company has remained in the family and is now run by James’s grandson， Paul Carston.Employing fewer than 50 people， the company has a reputation for producing high-quality men’s shirts， which it sells by mail order， and has a loyal customer base.As Paul Carston says，“Our customers appreciate the attention to details and the high-quality fabric （织物） we use.” And it’s the fabric they now use that makes the company almost unique in the world of men’s shirt manufacturers.
When Paul Carston took over running the company in 1999， he felt that the company fitted in well with his values.The shirts were made from 100 percent cotton， and as Paul says，“It’s a completely natural fibre， so you would think it was environmentally sound.”Then Paul read a magazine article about Fair Trade and cotton producers.He was shocked to read that the cotton industry is a major source of pollution， and that the synthetic fertilisers （合成化肥） used to produce cotton are finding their way into the food chain.
Paul takes up the story.“Organic cotton is considerably more expensive than conventionally produced cotton， so I did the sums.I discovered that if we were prepared to take a cut in profits， we would only need to add a couple of pounds to the price of each shirt to cover the extra costs.The big risk， of course， was whether our customers would pay extra for organic cotton.”
Paul decided to take the plunge and switch entirely to organic cotton.He wrote to all his customers explaining the reasons for the change.The response was encouraging.Although they lost some of their regular customers， they gained a whole customer base looking for formal shirts made from organic cotton， and the company is going from strength to strength.
4.What’s special about the company set up by James Carston？（ ）
A.Its sales methods.
B.Its loyal customers.
C.Its excellent employees.
D.Its production materials.
5.What did Paul Carston find when he was reading a magazine？（ ）
A.The ways of producing cotton.
B.The synthetic fertilisers are harmful.
C.Producing cotton causes pollution.
D.The secrets of conducting business.
6.What happened as a result of Paul Carston’s new move？（ ）
A.Sales dropped rapidly.
B.Cheaper cotton was used.
C.The quality of shirts improved.
D.The prices of shirts went down.
7.What does the underlined phrase “take the plunge” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？（ ）
A.Try one’s best. B.Seek one’s fortune.
C.Take an easy step. D.Make a risky move.
C
（2024·沧州十校高一下月考）The ancient Chinese thinker Confucius regarded benevolence （仁） as the underpinning of morality and as the basis of all the virtues.There is a story in The History of the Three Kingdoms which can help us understand the concept of benevolence.
The story goes that Cao Cao led a large army south to attack Jingzhou.At that time the military commander of Jingzhou， Liu Biao， had recently died of illness， and his second son， Liu Cong， had succeeded to his position.At the urging of his followers who wished to surrender the city， Liu Cong was preparing to capitulate （投降） to Cao Cao.Liu Bei had reached the city of Xiangyang， where the master strategist Zhuge Liang advised him to attack his ally Liu Cong.Zhuge Liang said that Liu Cong had already surrendered， and was about to deliver Jingzhou to Cao Cao.So it would be better if Jingzhou fell into their hands than into Cao Cao’s.“This is the very moment，” he said， “to attack Liu Cong.” But when Liu Bei remembered how Liu Cong’s father had once protected him， he could not attack Liu Cong.He told Zhuge Liang，“No， I have not the heart to do it.”
This is an example of benevolence.
This story gives us a glimpse of how Liu Bei used benevolence as his method of government.Liu Bei can be said to be a gentleman with the virtue of benevolence.In this， he stands in sharp contrast to Cao Cao.Liu Bei’s image of benevolence and righteousness won more of the people’s hearts for him.He gained the support of all the people and officials， which made him an outstanding figure in Chinese history.Benevolence is the first of the fine traditional virtues of the Chinese race.This spirit clearly demonstrates the kindheartedness and friendliness of the Chinese people.Everybody supports people of benevolence and love for others.
8.What does the underlined phrase “succeeded to” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（ ）
A.Gave out. B.Took over.
C.Turned down. D.Put forward.
9.What did Zhuge Liang advise Liu Bei to do？（ ）
A.To occupy Jingzhou.
B.To give up Xiangyang.
C.To capitulate to Cao Cao.
D.To attack Cao Cao with Liu Cong.
10.How did Zhuge Liang probably feel about Liu Bei’s decision？（ ）
A.Satisfied. B.Surprised.
C.Confused. D.Disappointed.
11.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（ ）
A.To make a summary.
B.To offer a suggestion.
C.To add a supplement.
D.To provide an example.
D
A report says the shortage of skilled teachers in the United States is a bigger problem than people may think.
The not-for-profit， Washington-based Economic Policy Institute， or EPI， published the report last week.It was the first in a six-part series that aims to examine the causes of — and solutions for — the national teacher shortage in US public schools.Education experts have long been concerned about rising teacher shortages.The issue has grown more severe in recent years.
EPI’s report notes that less than 10 years ago， many teachers were looking for jobs.Then， in 2012， public schools were looking for teachers.That year， the country faced a shortage of 20，000 school teachers.By the 2017-2018 school year， the country was estimated to have a shortage of over 110，000 teachers.
However， EPI researchers Emma Garcia and Elaine Weiss argue that such estimates are still far too low.They say the estimates do not consider that many current teachers lack necessary training， experience and official approval to teach.
Garcia and Weiss found that， nationwide， one-third of teachers do not have an education background in the main subject that they teach.And， more than 20 percent have less than five years of teaching experience.About nine percent are teaching without the usual state certification.
The study found those numbers to be even greater in high-poverty schools — where more than half of students receive free or reduced-cost meals.In such schools， almost 40 percent of teachers do not have previous education in the main subjects they teach.And about one-quarter have little classroom experience.
More and more， qualified educators are either quitting or deciding not to enter the teaching field at all， the EPI report says.Many leave the field because of poor working conditions.They also object to low pay.The average yearly pay for public school teachers has fallen in recent years， even as the cost of living and other expenses continue to rise.
12.What does the report by EPI mainly focus on about a teacher shortage？（ ）
A.The future trend.
B.The present situation.
C.The reasons behind the problem.
D.The consequences of the problem.
13.How long has a teacher shortage existed in America？（ ）
A.At least 5 years. B.At least 7 years.
C.More than 10 years. D.More than 15 years.
14.How did Garcia and Weiss feel about the present situation？（ ）
A.Satisfied. B.Surprised.
C.Ambiguous. D.Disappointed.
15.What would be discussed in the paragraph that follows？（ ）
A.How to do more research.
B.How to solve the problem.
C.Where the teachers have gone.
D.Why people don’t like teaching.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Winston Churchill said， “We make a living by what we get， but we make a life by what we give.” Or in the simple， beautiful words of an old Chinese proverb： “16.（ ） If you want happiness for a day， go fishing.If you want happiness for a year， inherit a fortune.If you want happiness for a lifetime， help somebody.”
17.（ ） A study by Professor Elizabeth Dunn of the University of British Columbia found that spending money on others promotes happiness more than spending money on oneself.In an experiment， participants were given an envelope containing either five or twenty dollars.Participants who spent the money on a gift for someone else or for a charitable donation reported greater happiness than those who spent the money on themselves.
We hear throughout history， philosophy， and literature the same themes regarding giving.18.（ ） It’s the source of true happiness， the meaning of life， the source of the greatest emotional and psychological returns.It’s the best way to recover from the worst tragedies.It’s a greater pleasure than the creation of wealth and the most direct route to happiness.
19.（ ） What provides a feeling of security.What provides a sense of accomplishment.What gives inner peace.What brings great meaning， fulfillment， and happiness.
20.（ ） Perhaps it is because we have not heard enough stories of how happy it can make us — stories from people we admire.I have had the privilege of meeting many of these people through my work.I’d heard their stories of how giving their time， resources， and talents to the causes they care about has brought them happiness and fulfillment far greater than they had ever imagined.
A.So why don’t more of us give？
B.Giving is what liberates the soul.
C.Is it better to give than to receive？
D.If you want happiness for an hour， take a nap.
E.Modern science has proved this phenomenon.
F.Giving is the most satisfying thing you’ll ever do.
G.Some people are in the habit of taking instead of giving.
Section Ⅳ LESSON 2 LANGUAGE LEARNING TIPS
基础知识自测
维度一
1.odd 2.context 3.classic 4.strategy 5.beyond
6.novel 7.worldwide 8.input 9.unfamiliar 10.acquire
维度二
1.normally 2.recommendation 3.sufficiently
4.effectively 5.simplified 6.memorise 7.classical
8.unfamiliar
维度三
1.to book your flight early
2.has acquired a good knowledge of
3.with a smile on her face
4.is unfamiliar to
5.am honoured to be invited
6.in one way or another
7.Apart from English class
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。《心灵鸡汤》是美国大型系列图书的著名品牌名称，本文是该图书官方网站发布的一则征稿启事。
1.B 细节理解题。根据Guidelines for a Chicken Soup for the Soul story部分可知，投稿可以写自己的故事，也可以写身边其他人的故事。
2.C 细节理解题。根据We Welcome Your Stories and Poems！部分可知，如果一则故事适用于两个话题或两本书，则写稿人可以同时投寄给两者。
3.A 细节理解题。综合全文可知，本文是《心灵鸡汤》系列图书发布的一则征稿启事，主要提出了一些对投稿的具体要求和注意事项。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。James Carston是一家衬衫制造公司。创始人James Carston的孙子Paul Carston大胆改革，采用有机棉来制作衬衫，结果大获成功。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，使得该衬衫公司与众不同的是它所采取的高质量织物。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Paul Carston在读一本杂志时吃惊地发现，棉纺织业对环境造成严重污染。
6.C 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Paul Carston决定放弃传统棉花，今后的产品全部采用有机棉来制造。这样做的结果是产品的成本和价格都上涨，不过产品质量提高了。
7.D 词义猜测题。根据上下文语境可知，Paul Carston决定用有机棉来代替传统棉花，这样做是有很大风险的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。三国时期，当荆州面临危险之际，刘备拒绝诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议，表现了刘备仁义的一面。
8.B 词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，当时刘表去世，其子刘琮应该是继承或接管了其职位。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，由于当时刘琮打算投降曹操，诸葛亮建议刘备攻打荆州。诸葛亮的想法是：与其让荆州落入曹操之手，还不如刘备一方占领荆州。
10.D 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，由于刘备念及荆州旧主刘表旧恩，没有听从诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议。由此可以判断，诸葛亮肯定很失望。
11.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，本段主要是对上文故事进行总结，说明刘备受到后世好评的原因以及“仁义”在中国文化中的重要意义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一份报告显示，美国近10年来面临严重的教师短缺问题，其背后的原因是什么呢？
12.C 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，这份报告主要聚焦于教师短缺这一问题的原因以及解决办法。
13.C 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，从2012年开始，美国公立学校就面临教师短缺问题。
14.D 推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Garcia和Weiss发现，目前有一些美国老师缺乏教学经验，有一些没有合格的教学资格证书。
15.B 推理判断题。本文主要转述了由EPI发布的一项报告的内容，而这项报告的核心是美国教师短缺的原因及应对办法。本文最后一段已经指出了原因，接下来则应该提出解决办法。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。英国前首相丘吉尔曾说过：“我们靠所得谋生，但我们靠付出生活。”本文作者论述了给予和付出的力量。
16.D 下文的一组排比句都是“If you ...＋祈使句”这一句式和表达，由此可知，D项符合语境。
17.E 下文作者引用了一项科学研究，来支撑自己前面陈述的观点，由此可知，E项符合语境。
18.F 下文各句都以It’s开头，进一步阐述给予的力量；显然，It都指代本段中的giving一词（也是本文的关键词），故F项符合语境。
19.B 本段在继续阐述给予的神奇力量，这里之所以选B项是因为表语从句what liberates the soul与后面的What引起的句子形成并列。其实这几个并列的句子都相当于前面省略了Giving is的表语从句。
20.A 下句中的Perhaps it is because暗示上句应该是提出了一个问原因的疑问句，故A项符合语境。
6 / 6Section Ⅳ LESSON 2 LANGUAGE LEARNING TIPS
听说课前清障 ——排除疑难，胸有成竹
1.和某人分享某事
2.准备好做某事
3.往（电台或电视台）打电话；打热线电话
4.取得进步
5.很荣幸做某事
6.不管怎样
7.come across
8.look up
9.catch on
10.apart from
11.end up in
12.have no difficulty in doing sth
话题听力提能 ——捕捉信息，精准判断
Ⅰ.听教材听力9.3，回答第1至3题。
1.What does Dr.Smith suggest Yang An do to memorize new words？（ ）
A.Learn words in context.
B.Write them down repeatedly.
C.Create flashcards.
2.According to Dr.Smith， what is a more effective way to learn grammar rules？（ ）
A.Memorize them.
B.Use them in speaking and writing activities.
C.Focus on doing grammar exercises.
3.What is the main topic of this radio program？（ ）
A.Effective strategies for learning English.
B.How to overcome difficulties in learning English.
C.Learning English through literature and grammar exercises.
Ⅱ.再听教材听力9.3，根据所听内容填空。
1.Hello， Dr.Smith.I’ve spent a lot of time reading ， but I’ve made little progress.My question is how to learn English .
2.Well， my advice is to increase your knowledge of English .One way to do that is by .I would recommend that you try ， such as short stories and novels rewritten in .The other way is to listen more， for example， listening to .With ， I’m sure you can learn English effectively.
3.Hello， Dr.Smith.I’m Su Qin.Learning grammar is for me.I’ve put so much time in memorising and doing a lot of ， but my English is still .
Ⅲ.听教材听力9.4，回答第1至3题。
1.What is the main topic of this conversation？（ ）
A.Different ways to learn English.
B.Differences between American English and British English.
C.How to improve English pronunciation.
2.Which of the following words have different meanings in British English and American English， according to the conversation？（ ）
A.Subway. B.Example. C.Classroom.
3.What message does Pam want to convey at the end of the conversation？（ ）
A.People should try to learn both British English and American English.
B.People should not worry about the differences as they can still understand each other.
C.Smiling can help improve language skills.
Ⅳ.听教材听力9.4，根据所听内容填空。
1.Well， I’m and Robert is ， so we have different ways of .For example， British people say “water” and “tomato” but Americans say “water” and “tomato”！
2.Apart from ， we use different words for .For example， we say “lift” but Americans say “elevator”.We say “football” and Americans say “soccer”！
话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
Tony （T）正在和Kim （K）谈论在学校的学习情况……
阅读下面对话，根据语境选择最佳选项。
K：How are you doing in school， Tony？
T： 1 It’s so much fun.I enjoy painting.But I’m not getting good grades in math class.Mrs Miller is a good teacher， but I don’t understand the lessons.
K：I’m not taking art class， but it sounds fun. 2 We are learning how to sing.I didn’t know I was good at singing， but I am！ I’m also not doing well in math， though.I failed the test last time. 3
T：I know.I don’t want to get any more bad grades.I asked Mrs Miller for extra help.She said I could stay after school for extra lessons.
K： 4 She’s so nice and smart.I’m sure she will help you do better.You could also ask your elder brother for help with the class work. 5
T：He is.That’s a great idea.Thanks， Kim！
A.The ideas are really difficult this year.
B.I’m in music class.
C.I love art class！
D.That was a good idea！
E.Isn’t he really good at math？
Lucy （L）和Jack （J）正在谈论个人所学的专业……
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
J：Hi， Lucy！It’s nice to see you again.
L：You know， Jack， I have intended to 1. （给你打了好长时间电话）.
J：Me， too.How have you been？
L：Pretty good.
J：Last time I saw you， you were planning to 2. （去法学院）， weren’t you？
L：Yes， I was.But as it turned out， I changed my mind.
J：Oh， really？What changed your mind？
L：Well， the simple reason is that at the moment 3. （中国急需医生）.So I’ve decided to go to a medical school instead.
J：Medical school？4. （那是非常有趣的）.
L：And how about you？Do you still intend to study business？
J：No， I have also changed my mind.
L：What are you studying now？
J：English.
L：Why？
J：5. （如果我掌握好英语）， I’m sure I can do better in the future.
L：Oh， that sounds great！
听力技巧点拨 ——授之以渔，证之以例
事实细节题解题技巧
事实细节题是英语听力中的一个常考题型，该题型的特点是要求学生能准确地捕捉到所听材料中的某个信息点。通常，此信息点也是整段对话的中心，如：电话号码、地址、颜色、费用、事件等。
【设问方式】
1.What does the man/woman buy？
2.What colour does the man/woman want？
3.What size does the man/woman want？
4.What does the man/woman want to drink？
【应试对策】
在做此类听力题前，可以先快速地浏览题目，把集中点缩小到题目所涉及的内容，在听的时候特别注意其具体的信息点。获取信息点后，辨别选项，并进行适当推理，得出结论，这是解答此类题目的关键。
【典例】 Q： What was George doing last night？
A.Having a meeting.
B.Flying home.
C.Working on a project.
【听力原文】
W：Hello， George！You look tired.Didn’t sleep well last night？
M：No， not at all.I had to work flat out to meet the project deadline.Now I’m really feeling a bit run-down.
【分析】 根据男士所说的I had to work flat out to meet the project deadline.可知，George为了赶上项目的最后期限，不得不全力以赴。由此可推断，George昨晚做项目了，因此选C。本题需要了解work flat out表示“全力以赴地工作”。
核心词汇集释
unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的，不了解的
【教材原句】 to guess the meaning of an unfamiliar word
猜测生词的意思
【用法】
（1）sb be unfamiliar with sth 某人不熟悉某物
sth be unfamiliar to sb 对某人来说不熟悉某物
（2）familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的
be familiar to sb 为某人所熟悉
be familiar with ... 熟悉……，通晓……
【佳句】 She found herself in an unfamiliar city with no friends.
她发现自己身处一个陌生的城市，没有朋友。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①My grandma grew up in the countryside， so she is quite familiar all the crops.
② （surround） by unfamiliar scenery， with no real idea of when we’ll arrive， we experience the trip as lasting a long time.
【写美】 完成句子
③ the local customs.
他对当地的风俗相当熟悉。
effectively adv.有效地
【教材原句】 My question is how to learn English effectively.我的问题是如何有效地学习英语。
（1）effect n. 影响；效果
have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响
come into effect 生效
（2）effective adj. 有效的；有影响的
become effective 生效
【佳句】 While online shopping has changed our lives， not all of its effects have been positive.
尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但并不是所有的影响都是积极的。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Aspirin is a simple but highly （effect） medicine.
②The new regulation will come effect on 1 May， 2025， which will have an effect traffic.
【写美】 完成句子
③There is no doubt that reading books can .
不可否认，读书会对儿童有良好的影响。
beyond prep.超出……范围；在（向）……的那一边；越过……；迟于；过了……以后 adv.在更远处；在那里
【教材原句】 Well，my advice is to increase your knowledge of English beyond the classroom.
嗯，我的建议是在课堂之外增加你的英语知识。
【用法】
beyond sb’s expectation 超出某人的预期
beyond belief/doubt 难以置信/毫无疑问
beyond one’s reach 某人够不到
beyond compare 无可比拟；无与伦比
【佳句】 The scenery of this place is beyond compare， attracting many tourists.
这个地方的风景无法比拟，吸引了许多游客。
【练透】 完成句子
①His son’s grade was .
他儿子的成绩超出了他的预料。
②Please put the medicine .
请把药品放在孩子够不到的地方。
recommend vt.推荐；建议
【教材原句】 I would recommend that you try simplified classic literature ...
我建议你试试简化的经典文学……
【用法】
（1）recommend sb sth 向某人推荐某物
recommend sth to sb 把某物推荐给某人
（2）recommend doing sth 建议做某事
recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend that sb （should） do sth建议某人做某事（从句用虚拟语气）
It is/was （strongly） recommended that ... （should） ...有人（强烈）建议……（应该）……
（3）recommendation n. 建议；推荐；介绍
【佳句】 I recommend you to read this book； it’s really entertaining.Its author is Zhang Ailing.
我推荐你读这本书，它非常有趣。它的作者是张爱玲。 （建议信）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He recommended （have） dinner in the restaurant.
②I recommended this book anyone with an interest in art.
③We recommend you （purchase） travel insurance on all holidays.
④It is strongly recommended that the machines should （check） every year.
【写美】 句型转换
⑤We recommend that travel insurance on all holidays.（把句③改为复合句）
acquire vt.学习，获得（知识，技能）
【教材原句】 Very slowly，you will start to acquire the rules and use them without thinking.
慢慢地，你就会开始掌握这些规则，并且不假思索地使用它们。
【用法】
acquire knowledge 获得知识
acquire experience 获得经验
acquire a good knowledge of 学会，精通
acquire a taste for 开始喜欢
【佳句】 The moral of the story is： Spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.
这个故事的寓意是：要不遗余力地获取知识，不管情况多么困难都不要轻易气馁。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The hotel has acquired a good reputation good service.
②The ability to use a language can （acquire） by the act of using the language.
【写美】 完成句子
③Meanwhile， they exchange ideas and feelings with each other， through which they probably .
与此同时，他们彼此交流思想和感情，通过这样做他们可能获得更多的知识。
be honoured to do sth 很荣幸做某事
【教材原句】 Today， we’re honoured to have two special guests with us to tell us about this.
今天我们很荣幸地邀请到两位特别嘉宾来为我们讲述这个话题。
【用法】
（1）honour n. 荣誉
vt. 尊敬，尊重（某人）
in honour of 为了纪念；为了庆祝
have the honour of doing/to do sth 有幸做某事
It is sb’s/an honour to do sth 做某事是某人的荣幸/一件荣幸的事
（2）honoured adj. 受尊敬的，感到荣幸的
honourable adj. 荣誉的；值得尊敬的
【佳句】 I am greatly honoured to be given such a warm reception.
承蒙热情接待，不胜荣幸。 （感谢信）
【点津】 honour表示“荣誉；尊敬”时是不可数名词，表示“使人感到光荣的事或人”或“荣幸”时是可数名词。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①They named the school after the hero honour of him.
②The man had a long and （honour） career in government.
【写美】 完成句子/一句多译
③ to the exhibition with all of you.
很荣幸受邀和你们一起参加展览。
④能被邀请来参加你的生日宴会我很荣幸。
→I to be invited to your birthday party.
→ for me to be invited to your birthday party.
→I to be invited to your birthday party.
重点句型解构
句型公式：with复合结构
【教材原句】 With sufficient language input， I’m sure you can learn English effectively.
有了足够的语言输入，我相信你能有效地学习英语。
【用法】
with＋宾语＋
【品悟】 With everything ready， Bernard started out on his new business.
一切准备就绪，伯纳德开始了他的新事业。
【点津】 当with后的宾语和作宾语补足语的动词之间是主谓关系时，宾语补足语常用动词-ing形式；如果是动宾关系，则常用动词-ed形式；动词不定式表示将来发生的动作。
【写美】 完成句子
①He fell asleep .
灯还亮着，他就睡着了。
②He sat there .
他闭着眼睛坐在那里。
③I can’t go out .
有这么多衣服要洗，我不能出去。
④He often sleeps .
他经常开着窗睡觉。
⑤He stood before his teacher .
他低着头，站在老师面前。
句型公式：the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ...
【教材原句】 The more you listen， the easier it is to catch on.
你听得越多，理解起来越容易。
【用法】
（1）“the＋比较级（＋主语＋谓语），the＋比较级（＋主语＋谓语）”意为“越……，就越……”。
（2）the more ...， the less ...意为“越……，越不……”。
（3）“the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ...”结构中，第一个“the＋比较级 ...”是表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来。
【品悟】 As far as I’m concerned， the more you practise paper-cutting， the more skilled you will become.
就我个人而言，你剪纸练习得越多，你就会越熟练。
【点津】 比较级的另外两种特殊结构：①比较级＋and＋比较级（more and more＋多音节形容词/副词）“越来越……”（表示本身程度的改变）；②the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词，表示“两者中比较……的一个”。
【写美】 完成句子
①The longer she waited， .
她等得越久，就越不耐烦。 （情绪描写）
②The more you know about our traditional culture， .
你对我们的传统文化了解得越多，你就对它越感兴趣。 （建议信）
③At first I thought I understood what my teacher said， but the more he explained， .
起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但是他越解释，我就越迷惑。 （求助信）
④ works as a school bus driver in his hometown.
他的大儿子在家乡从事校车司机的工作。
Section Ⅳ LESSON 2 LANGUAGE LEARNING TIPS
【话题听说·勤操练】
听说课前清障
1.share sth with sb 2.be ready to do sth 3.phone in
4.make progress 5.be honoured to do sth 6.in one way or another 7.遇到 8.查阅 9.理解 10.除……之外
11.结果处于 12.做某事没有困难
话题听力提能
Ⅰ.1－3 ABA
Ⅱ.1.English coursebooks；effectively 2.beyond the classroom；reading more；simplified classic literature；simple English；English programmes；sufficient language input
3.a big headache；grammar rules；exercises；really bad
Ⅲ.1－3 BAB
Ⅳ.1.American；British；pronouncing words
2.pronunciation；describing the same things
话题表达实战
Scene One 1－5 CBADE
Scene Two
1.call you for a long time
2.go to a law school
3.doctors are badly needed in China
4.That’s very interesting
5.If I master the English language well
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①with ②Surrounded ③He is quite familiar with
2.①effective ②into；on ③have a good effect on children
3.①beyond his expectation ②beyond the reach of children
4.①having ②to ③to purchase ④be checked
⑤you （should） purchase
5.①for ②be acquired ③acquire more knowledge
6.①in ②honourable ③It’s an honour to be invited ④feel it a great honour；It is a great honour；feel greatly honoured
重点句型解构
1.①with the lamp burning ②with his eyes closed ③with all these/so many clothes to wash ④with the windows open ⑤with his head down
2.①the more impatient she became ②the more you are interested in it ③the more confused I became
④The elder of his two sons
8 / 8(共96张PPT)
Section Ⅳ LESSON 2 LANGUAGE LEARNING TIPS
1
话题听说·勤操练
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
话题听说·勤操练
志在强化技能
1
听说课前清障 ——排除疑难，胸有成竹
1. 和某人分享某事
2. 准备好做某事
3. 往（电台或电视台）打电话；打热线电话
4. 取得进步
5. 很荣幸做某事
6. 不管怎样
7. come across
share sth with sb
be ready to do sth
phone in
make progress
be honoured to do sth
in one way or another
遇到
8. look up
9. catch on
10. apart from
11. end up in
12. have no difficulty in doing sth
查阅
理解
除……之外
结果处于
做某事没有困难
话题听力提能 ——捕捉信息，精准判断
Ⅰ.听教材听力9.3，回答第1至3题。
1. What does Dr.Smith suggest Yang An do to memorize new words？（ ）
A. Learn words in context.
B. Write them down repeatedly.
C. Create flashcards.
2. According to Dr.Smith， what is a more effective way to learn
grammar rules？（ ）
A. Memorize them.
B. Use them in speaking and writing activities.
C. Focus on doing grammar exercises.
3. What is the main topic of this radio program？（ ）
A. Effective strategies for learning English.
B. How to overcome difficulties in learning English.
C. Learning English through literature and grammar exercises.
Ⅱ.再听教材听力9.3，根据所听内容填空。
1. Hello， Dr.Smith.I’ve spent a lot of time reading
， but I’ve made little progress.My question is how to
learn English .
English
coursebooks
effectively
2. Well， my advice is to increase your knowledge of English
.One way to do that is by .I would
recommend that you try ， such as
short stories and novels rewritten in .The other way
is to listen more， for example， listening to
.With ， I’m sure you
can learn English effectively.
beyond
the classroom
reading more
simplified classic literature
simple English
English
programmes
sufficient language input
3. Hello， Dr.Smith.I’m Su Qin.Learning grammar is
for me.I’ve put so much time in memorising
and doing a lot of ， but my English is
still .
a big
headache
grammar
rules
exercises
really bad
Ⅲ.听教材听力9.4，回答第1至3题。
1. What is the main topic of this conversation？（ ）
A. Different ways to learn English.
B. Differences between American English and British English.
C. How to improve English pronunciation.
2. Which of the following words have different meanings in British
English and American English， according to the conversation？
（ ）
A. Subway.
B. Example.
C. Classroom.
3. What message does Pam want to convey at the end of the
conversation？（ ）
A. People should try to learn both British English and American English.
B. People should not worry about the differences as they can still
understand each other.
C. Smiling can help improve language skills.
Ⅳ.听教材听力9.4，根据所听内容填空。
1. Well， I’m and Robert is ， so we have
different ways of .For example， British
people say “water” and “tomato” but Americans say “water”
and “tomato”！
2. Apart from ， we use different words
for .For example， we say “lift” but
Americans say “elevator”.We say “football” and Americans say
“soccer”！
American
British
pronouncing words
pronunciation
describing the same things
话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
Tony （T）正在和Kim （K）谈论在学校的学习情
况……
阅读下面对话，根据语境选择最佳选项。
K：How are you doing in school， Tony？
T： 1 It’s so much fun.I enjoy painting.But I’m not getting good
grades in math class.Mrs Miller is a good teacher， but I don’t
understand the lessons.
K：I’m not taking art class， but it sounds fun. 2 We are learning
how to sing.I didn’t know I was good at singing， but I am！ I’m also
not doing well in math， though.I failed the test last time. 3
T：I know.I don’t want to get any more bad grades.I asked Mrs Miller
for extra help.She said I could stay after school for extra lessons.
K： 4 She’s so nice and smart.I’m sure she will help you do
better.You could also ask your elder brother for help with the class
work. 5
T：He is.That’s a great idea.Thanks， Kim！
A. The ideas are really difficult this year.
B. I’m in music class.
C. I love art class！
D. That was a good idea！
E. Isn’t he really good at math？
答案：1－5 CBADE
Lucy （L）和Jack （J）正在谈论个人所学的专业……
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
J：Hi， Lucy！It’s nice to see you again.
L：You know， Jack， I have intended to 1.
（给你打了好长时间电话）.
J：Me， too.How have you been？
L：Pretty good.
call you for a long time
J：Last time I saw you， you were planning to 2.
（去法学院）， weren’t you？
L：Yes， I was.But as it turned out， I changed my mind.
J：Oh， really？What changed your mind？
L：Well， the simple reason is that at the moment 3.
（中国急需医生）.So I’ve decided to go to a
medical school instead.
J：Medical school？4. （那是非常有趣
的）.
L：And how about you？Do you still intend to study business？
go to a law school
doctors are badly
needed in China
That’s very interesting
J：No， I have also changed my mind.
L：What are you studying now？
J：English.
L：Why？
J：5. （如果我掌握好英
语）， I’m sure I can do better in the future.
L：Oh， that sounds great！
If I master the English language well
听力技巧点拨 ——授之以渔，证之以例
事实细节题解题技巧
事实细节题是英语听力中的一个常考题型，该题型的特点是要求
学生能准确地捕捉到所听材料中的某个信息点。通常，此信息点也是
整段对话的中心，如：电话号码、地址、颜色、费用、事件等。
【设问方式】
1. What does the man/woman buy？
2. What colour does the man/woman want？
3. What size does the man/woman want？
4. What does the man/woman want to drink？
【应试对策】
在做此类听力题前，可以先快速地浏览题目，把集中点缩小到题目所
涉及的内容，在听的时候特别注意其具体的信息点。获取信息点后，
辨别选项，并进行适当推理，得出结论，这是解答此类题目的关键。
【典例】 Q： What was George doing last night？
A. Having a meeting.
B. Flying home.
C. Working on a project.
【听力原文】
W：Hello， George！You look tired.Didn’t sleep well last night？
M：No， not at all.I had to work flat out to meet the project
deadline.Now I’m really feeling a bit run-down.
【分析】 根据男士所说的I had to work flat out to meet the project
deadline.可知，George为了赶上项目的最后期限，不得不全力以赴。
由此可推断，George昨晚做项目了，因此选C。本题需要了解work flat
out表示“全力以赴地工作”。
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
核心词汇集释
unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的，不了解的
【教材原句】 to guess the meaning of an unfamiliar word 猜测生词的
意思
【用法】
（1）sb be unfamiliar with sth 某人不熟悉某物
sth be unfamiliar to sb 对某人来说不熟悉某物
（2）familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的
be familiar to sb 为某人所熟悉
be familiar with ... 熟悉……，通晓……
【佳句】 She found herself in an unfamiliar city with no friends.
她发现自己身处一个陌生的城市，没有朋友。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①My grandma grew up in the countryside， so she is quite
familiar all the crops.
② （surround） by unfamiliar scenery， with no real
idea of when we’ll arrive， we experience the trip as lasting a long time.
【写美】 完成句子
③ the local customs.
他对当地的风俗相当熟悉。
with
Surrounded
He is quite familiar with
effectively adv.有效地
【教材原句】 My question is how to learn English effectively.我的问
题是如何有效地学习英语。
（1）effect n. 影响；效果
have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响
come into effect 生效
（2）effective adj. 有效的；有影响的
become effective 生效
【佳句】 While online shopping has changed our lives， not all of its
effects have been positive.
尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但并不是所有的影响都是
积极的。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Aspirin is a simple but highly （effect） medicine.
②The new regulation will come effect on 1 May， 2025，
which will have an effect traffic.
effective
into
on
【写美】 完成句子
③There is no doubt that reading books can
.
不可否认，读书会对儿童有良好的影响。
have a good effect on
children
beyond prep.超出……范围；在（向）……的那一边；越过……；
迟于；过了……以后 adv.在更远处；在那里
【教材原句】 Well，my advice is to increase your knowledge of
English beyond the classroom.
嗯，我的建议是在课堂之外增加你的英语知识。
【用法】
beyond sb’s expectation 超出某人的预期
beyond belief/doubt 难以置信/毫无疑问
beyond one’s reach 某人够不到
beyond compare 无可比拟；无与伦比
【佳句】 The scenery of this place is beyond compare， attracting
many tourists.
这个地方的风景无法比拟，吸引了许多游客。
【练透】 完成句子
①His son’s grade was .
他儿子的成绩超出了他的预料。
②Please put the medicine .
请把药品放在孩子够不到的地方。
beyond his expectation
beyond the reach of children
recommend vt.推荐；建议
【教材原句】 I would recommend that you try simplified classic
literature ...
我建议你试试简化的经典文学……
（1）recommend sb sth 向某人推荐某物
recommend sth to sb 把某物推荐给某人
（2）recommend doing sth 建议做某事
recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend that sb （should） do sth建议某人做某事（从句用虚拟语
气）
It is/was （strongly） recommended that ... （should） ...有人（强
烈）建议……（应该）……
（3）recommendation n. 建议；推荐；介绍
【用法】
【佳句】 I recommend you to read this book； it’s really
entertaining.Its author is Zhang Ailing.
我推荐你读这本书，它非常有趣。它的作者是张爱玲。 （建议
信）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He recommended （have） dinner in the restaurant.
②I recommended this book anyone with an interest in art.
③We recommend you （purchase） travel insurance on
all holidays.
having
to
to purchase
④It is strongly recommended that the machines should
（check） every year.
【写美】 句型转换
⑤We recommend that travel insurance on all
holidays.（把句③改为复合句）
be checked
you （should） purchase
acquire vt.学习，获得（知识，技能）
【教材原句】 Very slowly，you will start to acquire the rules and use
them without thinking.
慢慢地，你就会开始掌握这些规则，并且不假思索地使用它们。
【用法】
acquire knowledge 获得知识
acquire experience 获得经验
acquire a good knowledge of 学会，精通
acquire a taste for 开始喜欢
【佳句】 The moral of the story is： Spare no effort to acquire
knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the
situation may be.
这个故事的寓意是：要不遗余力地获取知识，不管情况多么困难都不
要轻易气馁。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The hotel has acquired a good reputation good service.
②The ability to use a language can （acquire） by the
act of using the language.
for
be acquired
【写美】 完成句子
③Meanwhile， they exchange ideas and feelings with each other，
through which they probably .
与此同时，他们彼此交流思想和感情，通过这样做他们可能获得更多
的知识。
acquire more knowledge
be honoured to do sth 很荣幸做某事
【教材原句】 Today， we’re honoured to have two special guests
with us to tell us about this.
今天我们很荣幸地邀请到两位特别嘉宾来为我们讲述这个话题。
（1）honour n. 荣誉
vt. 尊敬，尊重（某人）
in honour of 为了纪念；为了庆祝
have the honour of doing/to do sth 有幸做某事
It is sb’s/an honour to do sth做某事是某人的荣幸/一件荣幸的事
（2）honoured adj. 受尊敬的，感到荣幸的
honourable adj. 荣誉的；值得尊敬的
【用法】
【佳句】 I am greatly honoured to be given such a warm reception.承
蒙热情接待，不胜荣幸。 （感谢信）
【点津】 honour表示“荣誉；尊敬”时是不可数名词，表示“使人
感到光荣的事或人”或“荣幸”时是可数名词。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①They named the school after the hero honour of him.
②The man had a long and （honour） career in
government.
in
honourable
【写美】 完成句子/一句多译
③ to the exhibition with all of you.
很荣幸受邀和你们一起参加展览。
④能被邀请来参加你的生日宴会我很荣幸。
→I to be invited to your birthday party.
→ for me to be invited to your birthday party.
→I to be invited to your birthday party.
It’s an honour to be invited
feel it a great honour
It is a great honour
feel greatly honoured
重点句型解构
句型公式：with复合结构
【教材原句】 With sufficient language input， I’m sure you can
learn English effectively.
有了足够的语言输入，我相信你能有效地学习英语。
【用法】
【品悟】 With everything ready， Bernard started out on his new
business.
一切准备就绪，伯纳德开始了他的新事业。
【点津】 当with后的宾语和作宾语补足语的动词之间是主谓关系
时，宾语补足语常用动词-ing形式；如果是动宾关系，则常用动词-ed
形式；动词不定式表示将来发生的动作。
【写美】 完成句子
①He fell asleep .
灯还亮着，他就睡着了。
②He sat there .
他闭着眼睛坐在那里。
③I can’t go out .
有这么多衣服要洗，我不能出去。
④He often sleeps .
他经常开着窗睡觉。
⑤He stood before his teacher .
他低着头，站在老师面前。
with the lamp burning
with his eyes closed
with all these/so many clothes to wash
with the windows open
with his head down
句型公式：the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ...
【教材原句】 The more you listen， the easier it is to catch on.
你听得越多，理解起来越容易。
【用法】
（1）“the＋比较级（＋主语＋谓语），the＋比较级（＋主语＋谓
语）”意为“越……，就越……”。
（2）the more ...， the less ...意为“越……，越不……”。
（3）“the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ...”结构中，第一个“the
＋比较级 ...”是表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，
从句用一般现在时表示将来。
【品悟】 As far as I’m concerned， the more you practise paper-
cutting， the more skilled you will become.
就我个人而言，你剪纸练习得越多，你就会越熟练。
【点津】 比较级的另外两种特殊结构：①比较级＋and＋比较级
（more and more＋多音节形容词/副词）“越来越……”（表示本身
程度的改变）；②the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词，表示“两者中比
较……的一个”。
【写美】 完成句子
①The longer she waited， .
她等得越久，就越不耐烦。 （情绪描写）
②The more you know about our traditional culture，
.
你对我们的传统文化了解得越多，你就对它越感兴趣。 （建议
信）
the more impatient she became
the more you are
interested in it
③At first I thought I understood what my teacher said， but the more he
explained， .
起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但是他越解释，我就越迷惑。
（求助信）
④ works as a school bus driver in his
hometown.
他的大儿子在家乡从事校车司机的工作。
the more confused I became
The elder of his two sons
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：品句填词
1. The （奇特的） thing was that he didn’t recognise me.
2. Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider （语
境）.
3. Most of us think a Fuji is the （经典的） cone （圆锥
体） shape.
odd
context
classic
4. They can use another key （策略） for conflict
resolution： listening.
5. I’ve never exchanged words with those moms （除
了……） small talk.
6. This is an excellent fantasy （小说） from one of the best
storytellers around.
7. Now over 25，000 stuffed animals have been donated to
agencies （在全世界）.
strategy
beyond
novel
worldwide
8. There has been a big （投入） of resources into the project
from industry.
9. She comes from England and is u with Chinese culture.
10. It took him a long time to a the skills.
input
nfamiliar
cquire
维度二：词形转换
1. The course （normal） attracts about 100 students per
year.
2. It’s best to find a builder through personal
（recommend）.
3. The following day she felt （sufficient） well to go to
work.
4. The company must reduce costs to compete
（effective）.
normally
recommendation
sufficiently
effectively
5. This is a （simplify） example， but it illustrates the
pattern.
6. You do not need to read in the same way you would if you needed
to （memory） something.
7. This numerical method is simply （classic） Adams
method.
8. She felt uneasy in the （familiar） surroundings.
simplified
memorise
classical
unfamiliar
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. We’d recommend you （早早预订你的
航班）.
2. She （已经学得……非常好）
English.
3. She entered the room （面带微笑）.
4. This type of cuisine （对……不熟悉的） most
people in our city.
to book your flight early
has acquired a good knowledge of
with a smile on her face
is unfamiliar to
5. I （我很荣幸能被邀请） to speak at
this event.
6. It’s an ideal we all have （在这方面或那
方面）.
7. （除了英语课之外）， I took an active
part in English corner.
am honoured to be invited
in one way or another
Apart from English class
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·宁波高一下期末）We Welcome Your Stories and
Poems！
We have many Chicken Soup for the Soul books in development and
we frequently add new titles.
If you have a story or poem that you think fits two of the topics/books
below， you may submit it to both.Then let us know in the Comments
section that you’ve done so.
How to Submit Your Story
We welcome your stories and poems， written in English， from all
over the world.We are always looking for new talent， so don’t be shy！
If this is your first time visiting us， please visit our Story Guidelines
page， which will answer many of your questions about subject matter，
length， and style.Following our guidelines will give you the best possible
chance of being accepted.
Guidelines for a Chicken Soup for the Soul story
1. Tell an exciting， heartwarming or funny story about something
that has happened to you or someone you know.Your story should be
written in the first person and should be about yourself or someone close to
you.
2. Don’t be afraid to speak from the heart.Many people tell
personal stories for the first time in our books.We do let you use a pen
name for your story if you do not want to use your real name.
3. Keep your story to 1，200 words or less.Tighten， tighten，
tighten！
4. Your story must be true.No fiction， no creative writing.
5. The only way to submit your stories or poems to us is via our
website.
6. Please submit only stories or poems that have not been previously
published.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。《心灵鸡汤》是美国大型系列图书
的著名品牌名称，本文是该图书官方网站发布的一则征稿启事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。《心灵鸡汤》是美国大型系列图书
的著名品牌名称，本文是该图书官方网站发布的一则征稿启事。
1. What can we write according to the text？（ ）
A. A 1，300-word story.
B. A story about someone else.
C. A story about an imaginary event.
D. A story written in the third person.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Guidelines for a Chicken Soup for the
Soul story部分可知，投稿可以写自己的故事，也可以写身边其他
人的故事。
A. Writing a story in Chinese.
B. Submitting a published story.
C. Submitting a story to two books.
D. Submitting a story through e-mail.
解析： 细节理解题。根据We Welcome Your Stories and
Poems！部分可知，如果一则故事适用于两个话题或两本书，则写
稿人可以同时投寄给两者。
2.Which of the following is permitted？（ ）
A. To collect some works.
B. To attract some readers.
C. To offer some story-writing tips.
D. To share some story-writing skills.
解析： 细节理解题。综合全文可知，本文是《心灵鸡汤》系列
图书发布的一则征稿启事，主要提出了一些对投稿的具体要求和注
意事项。
3.What’s the purpose of the passage？（ ）
B
James Carston is a shirt-making company.Set up in the 1920s by
James Carston， a Manchester tailor， the company has remained in the
family and is now run by James’s grandson， Paul Carston.Employing
fewer than 50 people， the company has a reputation for producing high-
quality men’s shirts， which it sells by mail order， and has a loyal
customer base.As Paul Carston says，“Our customers appreciate the
attention to details and the high-quality fabric （织物） we use.” And
it’s the fabric they now use that makes the company almost unique in the
world of men’s shirt manufacturers.
When Paul Carston took over running the company in 1999， he felt
that the company fitted in well with his values.The shirts were made from
100 percent cotton， and as Paul says，“It’s a completely natural
fibre， so you would think it was environmentally sound.”Then Paul
read a magazine article about Fair Trade and cotton producers.He was
shocked to read that the cotton industry is a major source of pollution，
and that the synthetic fertilisers （合成化肥） used to produce cotton are
finding their way into the food chain.
Paul takes up the story.“Organic cotton is considerably more
expensive than conventionally produced cotton， so I did the sums.I
discovered that if we were prepared to take a cut in profits， we would
only need to add a couple of pounds to the price of each shirt to cover the
extra costs.The big risk， of course， was whether our customers would
pay extra for organic cotton.”
Paul decided to take the plunge and switch entirely to organic
cotton.He wrote to all his customers explaining the reasons for the
change.The response was encouraging.Although they lost some of their
regular customers， they gained a whole customer base looking for formal
shirts made from organic cotton， and the company is going from strength
to strength.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。James Carston是一家衬衫制造公司。
创始人James Carston的孙子Paul Carston大胆改革，采用有机棉来制
作衬衫，结果大获成功。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。James Carston是一家衬衫制造公司。
创始人James Carston的孙子Paul Carston大胆改革，采用有机棉来制
作衬衫，结果大获成功。
4. What’s special about the company set up by James Carston？（ ）
A. Its sales methods.
B. Its loyal customers.
C. Its excellent employees.
D. Its production materials.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，使得该衬衫公司与众不
同的是它所采取的高质量织物。
5.What did Paul Carston find when he was reading a magazine？（ ）
A. The ways of producing cotton.
B. The synthetic fertilisers are harmful.
C. Producing cotton causes pollution.
D. The secrets of conducting business.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Paul Carston在读一本杂
志时吃惊地发现，棉纺织业对环境造成严重污染。
6.What happened as a result of Paul Carston’s new move？（ ）
A. Sales dropped rapidly.
B. Cheaper cotton was used.
C. The quality of shirts improved.
D. The prices of shirts went down.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Paul Carston决定放弃传
统棉花，今后的产品全部采用有机棉来制造。这样做的结果是产品
的成本和价格都上涨，不过产品质量提高了。
7.What does the underlined phrase “take the plunge” in Paragraph
4 probably mean？（ ）
A. Try one’s best. B. Seek one’s fortune.
C. Take an easy step. D. Make a risky move.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据上下文语境可知，Paul Carston决定用
有机棉来代替传统棉花，这样做是有很大风险的。
C
（2024·沧州十校高一下月考）The ancient Chinese thinker
Confucius regarded benevolence （仁） as the underpinning of morality
and as the basis of all the virtues.There is a story in The History of the
Three Kingdoms which can help us understand the concept of
benevolence.
The story goes that Cao Cao led a large army south to attack Jingzhou.At that time the military commander of Jingzhou， Liu Biao， had recently
died of illness， and his second son， Liu Cong， had succeeded to his position.At the urging of his followers who wished to surrender the city，
Liu Cong was preparing to capitulate （投降） to Cao Cao.
Liu Bei had reached the city of Xiangyang， where the master strategist Zhuge Liang advised him to attack his ally Liu Cong.Zhuge Liang said that Liu Cong had already surrendered，and was about to deliver Jingzhou to Cao Cao.So it would be better if Jingzhou fell into their hands than into Cao Cao’s.“This is the very moment，” he said， “to attack Liu Cong.” But when Liu Bei remembered how Liu Cong’s father had once protected him， he could not attack Liu Cong.He told Zhuge Liang，“No， I have not the heart to do it.”
This is an example of benevolence.
This story gives us a glimpse of how Liu Bei used benevolence as his
method of government.Liu Bei can be said to be a gentleman with the
virtue of benevolence.In this， he stands in sharp contrast to Cao Cao.Liu
Bei’s image of benevolence and righteousness won more of the
people’s hearts for him.He gained the support of all the people and
officials， which made him an outstanding figure in Chinese
history.Benevolence is the first of the fine traditional virtues of the
Chinese race.This spirit clearly demonstrates the kindheartedness and
friendliness of the Chinese people.Everybody supports people of
benevolence and love for others.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。三国时期，当荆州面临危险之际，
刘备拒绝诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议，表现了刘备仁义的一面。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。三国时期，当荆州面临危险之际，
刘备拒绝诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议，表现了刘备仁义的一面。
8. What does the underlined phrase “succeeded to” in Paragraph 2
probably mean？（ ）
A. Gave out. B. Took over.
C. Turned down. D. Put forward.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，当时刘表去世，其子刘
琮应该是继承或接管了其职位。
A. To occupy Jingzhou.
B. To give up Xiangyang.
C. To capitulate to Cao Cao.
D. To attack Cao Cao with Liu Cong.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，由于当时刘琮打算投降
曹操，诸葛亮建议刘备攻打荆州。诸葛亮的想法是：与其让荆州落
入曹操之手，还不如刘备一方占领荆州。
9.What did Zhuge Liang advise Liu Bei to do？（ ）
A. Satisfied. B. Surprised.
C. Confused. D. Disappointed.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，由于刘备念及荆州旧主
刘表旧恩，没有听从诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议。由此可以判断，诸葛
亮肯定很失望。
10.How did Zhuge Liang probably feel about Liu Bei’s decision？（ ）
A. To make a summary.
B. To offer a suggestion.
C. To add a supplement.
D. To provide an example.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，本段主要是对上文故
事进行总结，说明刘备受到后世好评的原因以及“仁义”在中国文
化中的重要意义。
11.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（ ）
D
A report says the shortage of skilled teachers in the United States is a
bigger problem than people may think.
The not-for-profit， Washington-based Economic Policy Institute，
or EPI， published the report last week.It was the first in a six-part series
that aims to examine the causes of — and solutions for — the national
teacher shortage in US public schools.Education experts have long been
concerned about rising teacher shortages.The issue has grown more severe
in recent years.
EPI’s report notes that less than 10 years ago， many teachers were
looking for jobs.Then， in 2012， public schools were looking for
teachers.That year， the country faced a shortage of 20，000 school
teachers.By the 2017-2018 school year， the country was estimated to
have a shortage of over 110，000 teachers.
However， EPI researchers Emma Garcia and Elaine Weiss argue that
such estimates are still far too low.They say the estimates do not consider
that many current teachers lack necessary training， experience and
official approval to teach.
Garcia and Weiss found that， nationwide， one-third of teachers do
not have an education background in the main subject that they
teach.And， more than 20 percent have less than five years of teaching
experience.About nine percent are teaching without the usual state
certification.
The study found those numbers to be even greater in high-poverty
schools — where more than half of students receive free or reduced-cost
meals.In such schools， almost 40 percent of teachers do not have
previous education in the main subjects they teach.And about one-quarter
have little classroom experience.
More and more， qualified educators are either quitting or deciding
not to enter the teaching field at all， the EPI report says.Many leave the
field because of poor working conditions.They also object to low pay.The
average yearly pay for public school teachers has fallen in recent years，
even as the cost of living and other expenses continue to rise.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一份报告显示，美国近10年来面临
严重的教师短缺问题，其背后的原因是什么呢？
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一份报告显示，美国近10年来面临
严重的教师短缺问题，其背后的原因是什么呢？
12. What does the report by EPI mainly focus on about a teacher
shortage？（ ）
A. The future trend.
B. The present situation.
C. The reasons behind the problem.
D. The consequences of the problem.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，这份报告主要聚焦于
教师短缺这一问题的原因以及解决办法。
A. At least 5 years.
B. At least 7 years.
C. More than 10 years.
D. More than 15 years.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，从2012年开始，美国
公立学校就面临教师短缺问题。
13.How long has a teacher shortage existed in America？（ ）
A. Satisfied. B. Surprised.
C. Ambiguous. D. Disappointed.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Garcia和Weiss发现，
目前有一些美国老师缺乏教学经验，有一些没有合格的教学资格
证书。
14.How did Garcia and Weiss feel about the present situation？（ ）
A. How to do more research.
B. How to solve the problem.
C. Where the teachers have gone.
D. Why people don’t like teaching.
解析： 推理判断题。本文主要转述了由EPI发布的一项报告的
内容，而这项报告的核心是美国教师短缺的原因及应对办法。本
文最后一段已经指出了原因，接下来则应该提出解决办法。
15.What would be discussed in the paragraph that follows？（ ）
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Winston Churchill said， “We make a living by what we get，
but we make a life by what we give.” Or in the simple， beautiful words
of an old Chinese proverb： “16.（ ） If you want happiness for a
day， go fishing.If you want happiness for a year， inherit a fortune.If
you want happiness for a lifetime， help somebody.”
17. （ ） A study by Professor Elizabeth Dunn of the University
of British Columbia found that spending money on others promotes
happiness more than spending money on oneself.In an experiment，
participants were given an envelope containing either five or twenty
dollars.Participants who spent the money on a gift for someone else or for
a charitable donation reported greater happiness than those who spent the
money on themselves.
We hear throughout history， philosophy， and literature the same
themes regarding giving.18.（ ） It’s the source of true
happiness， the meaning of life， the source of the greatest emotional and
psychological returns.It’s the best way to recover from the worst
tragedies.It’s a greater pleasure than the creation of wealth and the most
direct route to happiness.
19. （ ） What provides a feeling of security.What provides a
sense of accomplishment.What gives inner peace.What brings great
meaning， fulfillment， and happiness.
20.（ ） Perhaps it is because we have not heard enough stories
of how happy it can make us — stories from people we admire.I have had
the privilege of meeting many of these people through my work.I’d
heard their stories of how giving their time， resources， and talents to the
causes they care about has brought them happiness and fulfillment far
greater than they had ever imagined.
A. So why don’t more of us give？
B. Giving is what liberates the soul.
C. Is it better to give than to receive？
D. If you want happiness for an hour， take a nap.
E. Modern science has proved this phenomenon.
F. Giving is the most satisfying thing you’ll ever do.
G. Some people are in the habit of taking instead of giving.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。英国前首相丘吉尔曾说过：“我们
靠所得谋生，但我们靠付出生活。”本文作者论述了给予和付出的
力量。
16. D 下文的一组排比句都是“If you ...＋祈使句”这一句式和表
达，由此可知，D项符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。英国前首相丘吉尔曾说过：“我们
靠所得谋生，但我们靠付出生活。”本文作者论述了给予和付出的
力量。
17. E 下文作者引用了一项科学研究，来支撑自己前面陈述的观
点，由此可知，E项符合语境。
18. F 下文各句都以It’s开头，进一步阐述给予的力量；显然，It都
指代本段中的giving一词（也是本文的关键词），故F项符合语境。
19. B 本段在继续阐述给予的神奇力量，这里之所以选B项是因为表
语从句what liberates the soul与后面的What引起的句子形成并列。其实
这几个并列的句子都相当于前面省略了Giving is的表语从句。
20. A 下句中的Perhaps it is because暗示上句应该是提出了一个问原
因的疑问句，故A项符合语境。
谢谢观看！
