八年级上英语|Unit 2 What’s the matter? |正误例析

新目标英语八年级上册正误例析
江西 胡扬朋
Unit 2 What’s the matter
1. 昨天他得了感冒。
误：Yesterday he had cold.
正：Yesterday he had a cold.
析：have a cold意为“感冒”，该短语中的不定冠词a，无论在什么场合下均不能省略。如： Put on your coat, or you’ll have a cold. 穿上这件大衣，否则你会感冒的。Mary had a cold and couldn’t speak. 玛丽得了感冒，说不出话来。
2. 你能回答我的问题吗？
误：Can you answer my problems
正：Can you answer my questions
析：problem和 question 都可以译为“问题”。question指对某事怀疑而提出等待回答的问题，含有“疑问”的意味，常作ask, answer的宾语。如：May I ask you a question 我可以问你一个问题吗？problem是客观存在还有待于解决的问题，含有“困难”的意味，常作think about,，work out（解答），solve（解决）的宾语。如：Who can work out this maths problem 谁能解答这道数学难题？
3. 我给你提一些意见吧。
误：Let me give you some advices.
正：Let me give you some advice.
析：名词advice意为“建议”，“意见”，“忠告”时，是抽象名词，不可数。要说“一些（许多）建议”，可以说some( a lot of/much) advice，不可以说some( a lot of/much) advices。要说“一项建议”不能说an advice，而应该说a piece of advice。如：Professor Li often gives a lot of good advice on how to study English. 李教授经常对如何学习英语提出了许多好的建议。I went to my teacher for an advice on my plan. 我去请老师对我的计划提出意见。
4. 这个问题很难，没有几个学生能懂。
误：The problem is very difficult; a few students understand it.
正：The problem is very difficult; few students understand it.
析：few 和a few用于修饰可数名词，仅一个冠词之差，意义大不一样。few意为“很少”、“几乎没有”，倾向于否定。如：I have few friends here and often stay by myself at home. 在这儿我几乎没有什么朋友，我常常独自呆在家里。a few意为“有几个”、“有一些”，有肯定的意义。如：I have a few friends here and often visit them. 在这儿我有几个朋友，我常常拜访他们。
5. 那件衣服太贵了。
误：The coat is too much expensive.
正：The coat is much too expensive.
析：too much和 much too在形式上相近，但用法不一样。too much意为“太多”，有三种用法：1) 用作名词词组。如：You gave me too much. 你给我的太多。2)用作形容词词组，修饰不可数名词。如：I don’t like winter because there’s too much snow and ice. 我不喜欢冬天，因为雪和冰太多。3)用作副词词组，修饰动词。如：Don’t speak too much. 别讲得太多。much too意为“太”、“非常”，用作副词词组，修饰形容词或其他副词。如： It’s much too cold today. 今天天气太冷。The old man walked much too slow. 这位老人走得太慢了。注意：两者都可以用作副词词组，但too much不可修饰形容词， much too 不可以修饰动词。
6. 这药一天吃三次。
误：Eat the medicine three times a day.
正：Take the medicine three times a day
析：习惯上说“服药”应该用take medicine，而不用eat(或drink)medicine。如：Your son has a bad cold and he should take some medicine. 你儿子得了重感冒，他应该吃药。
7. —你认为要下雨吗？
—我认为不会。
误：—Do you think it is going to rain
—I don’t think it.
正：—Do you think it is going to rain
—I don’t think so.
析：为了避免重复已经表达过的看法，在think, believe, hope等动词的后面加so来表示，这个so习惯上不能省略，也不能用it来代替。如：Do you believe that he is coming 你相信他会来吗？Yes, I believe so. 是的，我相信他会来。
8. `我们班所有的人对她都很友好。
误：Everybody in our class are kind to her.
正：Everybody in our class is kind to her.
析：everybody用作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Everybody in China likes Mid-Autumn Day. 每一个中国人都喜欢中秋节。
9. 现在我感觉不太好。
误：I’m not feeling very good now.
正：I’m not feeling very well now.
析：表示身体健康，一般用系动词加上well，而不用good，well在这里作为形容词，good不能用来表示身体健康。如：I hope your family are well. 你祝愿您全家身体好。He looks very well. 他看起来身体很好。
10. 我以前跟他谈到过此事。
误：I talked to him about it ago.
正：I talked to him about it before.
析：ago用作副词时，必须同表示多少时间的词连用。如：I saw him two days ago. 两天前我看见过他。ago不能单独使用，before则可以单独使用，表示“以前”的意思。
练习：错误辨认，从下列各句的A、B、C、D中找出一处错误，并将错改正。
1. —Do you think we will have good weather
A B C
—I think it.
D
2. He’s not feeling good; he has a stomachache.
A B C D
3. Father went to his doctor for some advices about his heart.
A B C D
4. The text is easy for you, because there are a few new words in it.
A B C D
5. You spoke too much fast and I couldn’t understand you.
A B C D
6. Everybody in our group are against the idea.
A B C D
7. Put on this coat, or you’ll have cold.
A B C D
8. Why didn’t you tell me that ago
A B C D
9. Eat this medicine and stay in bed for two days.
A B C D
10. After class the teacher answered a lot of problems.
A B C D
Key:
Unit2
1. D (so) 2. B(well) 3. C(advice)4. C (few)5. B(much too)
6.B (is) 7. D (have a cold) 8. D (before) 9.A (Take)10. D (questions)