考点03 数词和主谓一致-备战2018年中考英语考点一遍过（知识点讲解+中考真题）

一、数词
命题趋势：
数词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用数词的能力。
中考考查重点：
1.
基数词；
2.
序数词；
3.
分数。
数词的分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目的多少。序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。
考向一：基数词的构成
(1)0—12单独记。如：
zero,
one,
two,
three等。
(2)13—19的词尾都是teen。如：fourteen,
seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊记。
(3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。
20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。
(4)＂几十几＂要加连字符号＂-＂。
48—forty-eight,
97—ninety-seven等。
(5)＂几百几十＂或者＂几百几十几＂在＂百＂后加and。
156—one
hundred
and
fifty-six,
509—five
hundred
and
nine。
(6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律：用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。
3,610＝three
thousand
six
hundred
and
ten；
94,295＝ninety-four
thousand
two
hundred
and
ninety-five；
考向二：序数词的构成
first
1stsecond
2ndthird
3rdfourth
4thfifth
5thsixth
6thseventh
7theighth
8thninth
9thtenth
10th
eleventh
11thtwelfth
12ththirteenth
13thfourteenth
14thfifteenth
15thsixteenth
16thseventeenth
17theighteenth
18thnineteenth
19thtwentieth
20th
twenty-first
21sttwenty-second
22ndthirtieth
30thfortieth
40thfiftieth
50thsixtieth
60thseventieth
70theightieth
80thninetieth
90thhundredth
100thone
hundred
and
first
101st
(1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分别是first,
second,
third。
(2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth,
eighth,
ninth,
twelfth是特殊的拼写外，其余的都在相应基数词后面加
＂th＂构成。如：fourth。
(3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth;
fifty→fiftieth。
(4)第一百hundredth;
第一千thousandth;
第一百万millionth。
(5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时，只变化个位数。如：twenty-one→twenty-first;
one
hundred
and
one→one
hundred
and
first。
基数词变序数词记忆口诀基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th。一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t，d，d。八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，ty将y变成i，th前面有个e。若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。整十基数变序数，先把ty变成tie，要是遇上两位数，十位基数，个位序，th最后加上去。
考向三：分数的表达法
分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。
1/3
one
third
7/9
seven
ninths
【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法：
a
half
二分之一
a
quarter
=one
fourth
四分之一
three
quarters=three
fourth
四分之三
考向四：数词和主谓一致
1.就近一致原则。2.意义一致原则。3.语法一致原则。
二、主谓一致
命题趋势：
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。对于主谓一致的考查，主要集中在单项选择、完形填空、汉译英及其它类型的填空题中。在习过程中，要掌握主谓一致的基本用法及常见搭配。
中考考查重点：
主谓一致的三个原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
考向一：主谓一致的三个原则
1.
意义一致
意义一致就是根据句子主语的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数。如：
Maths
is
difficult
for
us.
数对我们来说很难。
The
police
are
trying
to
search
for
the
thief
on
the
hill.
警察们正在山上尽力搜查小偷。
【典例】The
woman
behind
the
girls
_____________
a
famous
actress.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
have
D.
has
【答案】A
2.
语法一致
语法一致即单数主语要用单数谓语动词，复数主语要用复数谓语动词。如：
My
bike
is
under
the
tree.
我的自行车在树下。
These
books
are
old.
这些书是旧的。
【典例】The
Greens
_____________
dinner
in
the
kitchen
now.
A.
is
having
B.
having
C.
are
having
【答案】C
【解析】the
Greens意为＂格林一家；格林夫妇＂，表复数意义，故选C。~网
3.
就近原则
就近原则即当主语被某些连词(短语)连接时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的词保持一致。
Either
my
father
or
brother
is
coming.
我父亲来，要不然就是我弟弟来。
Not
only
you
but
also
they
are
good
students.
不仅你是好生，而且他们也是好生。
【典例】This
is
my
twin
sister,
Lucy.
Not
only
she
but
also
I
_____________
good
at
drawing.
A.
is
B.
am
C.
are
【答案】B
【知识归纳】
含义
例句
语法一致
指的是主语为单数形式时，谓语动词使用单数形式，主语如果为复数形式，那么谓语动词也使用复数形式。
Tom
is
a
good
student.汤姆是个好生。They
often
play
football
on
the
playground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。
意义一致
又称为概念一致原则，指的是谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达单复数意义，而不取决于表面上的语法联系。
My
family
are
having
lunch
now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。Twenty
dollars
is
too
expensive
for
the
book.
这本书20美元太贵了。
就近一致
又称为近邻一致原则，指的是主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成，谓语动词的单复数形式应与紧邻的名词或代词保持一致。
Not
only
the
teacher
but
also
his
students
like
playing
football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的生也喜欢踢足球。There
is
a
pen
and
some
books
on
the
desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
考向二：并列结构作主语
由and或both...
and连接两个名词、代词作主语，表示不同的人或事物时，句子的谓语用复数。
John
and
Mike
are
good
friends.
约翰和迈克是好朋友。
Both
bread
and
milk
are
good
for
you.
面包和牛奶对你都有好处。
【注意】and连接的两个名词作主语，在意义上指同一人、同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。
The
famous
singer
and
dancer
is
coming
to
Chongqing.
那位著名的歌唱家兼舞蹈家要来重庆。
考向三：＂名词+介词短语＂作主语
名词或代词后接as
well
as，with，along
with，together
with，except，but等短语作主语时，谓语动词的形式应和介词短语前的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。
She
as
well
as
other
students
likes
playing
computer
games.
她和其他生都喜欢玩电脑游戏。
He
with
his
parents
is
working
in
the
fields.
他正和他的父母在地里干活。
Nobody
but
you
and
me
knows
it.
除了你和我，没人知道。
考向四：不定代词作主语
1.
当作主语的名词前有each，neither，either，every修饰或each，neither，either作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Each
student
has
a
book.
每一个生都有一本书。
Either
answer
is
correct.
两个答案都是正确的。
Neither
parent
is
with
him.
他的父母都没有和他在一起。
Every
minute
is
important
to
us.
每一分钟对大家都很重要。
2.
当复合不定代词someone，anyone，somebody，anybody，nobody，everybody，something，anything，nothing，everything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Somebody
is
waiting
for
you
outside.
有人在外面等你。
Is
everybody
here
today
今天大家都到了吗
Something
is
wrong
with
my
watch.
我的手表出故障了。
Nobody
was
away
yesterday.
昨天没有人离开。
【典例】Now
the
students
each
_____________
an
English-Chinese
dictionary.
A.
has
B.
have
C.
is
having
D.
are
having
【答案】B
考向五：There
be和Here
be的就近原则
There
be和Here
be
结构后面接并列名词时，谓语动词be均应与最近的名词在数上保持一致。
There
is
a
pen，a
pencil，a
knife
and
three
books
on
the
desk.
书桌上有一支钢笔，一支铅笔，一把刀和三本书。
Here
are
some
flowers
and
a
card.
这里有一些花和一张卡片。
【典例】—Why
are
you
in
such
a
hurry,
Mike
—There
_____________
an
NBA
basketball
game
in
ten
minutes.
A.
will
have
B.
will
be
C.
is
going
to
have
D.
are
going
to
be
【答案】B
【解析】答语为There
be句型，首先排除A、C两项。又因为句中的主语为单数an
NBA
basketball
game，由此可排除D项。！网
考向六：特殊名词作主语
1.
国名、人名、书名、报刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时，即使其形式上是复数，谓语动词也要用单数。
The
United
States
lies
to
the
east
of
China.
美国在中国的东方。(国名)
Engels
was
good
at
learning
foreign
languages.
恩格斯擅长外语。(人名)
2.
＂the+形容词＂作主语时，表示某类人，谓语动词用复数。
The
sick
are
taken
good
care
of.
病人得到很好的照顾。
The
old
are
supposed
to
be
spoken
to
politely.
跟老人讲话要有礼貌。
3.
以-s结尾的名词，如maths，physics，politics等和以-s结尾的抽象名词，如news，plastics等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
Physics
is
very
difficult
for
me
to
learn.
物理对我来讲很难。
The
news
was
very
exciting.
这条新闻十分激动人心。
4.
单复数形式相同的名词，如Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由名词前的修饰语来确定。
A
Chinese
wants
to
see
you.
一个中国人想见你。
Ten
sheep
are
eating
grass
there.
那边有10只绵羊在吃草。
【注意】Chinese，Japanese，English等前加the表示一国人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The
Chinese
speak
Chinese.
中国人说汉语。
【典例】Physics
_____________
more
interesting
than
maths,
I
think.
A.
are
B.
is
C.
was
D.
were
【答案】B
考向七：表数量概念的词或短语作主语
1.
表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
Ten
years
has
passed
quickly.
10年很快就过去了。
Ten
dollars
is
enough.
10美元就够了。
100
kilometers
is
a
long
way.
100千米是一段很长的路。
2.
加减乘除运算中的谓语动词用单数，其中加法与乘法也可用复数。
Two
and
two
is/are
four.
2加2等于4。
Six
times
one
is/are
six.
6乘以1等于6。
3.
＂many
a/more
than
one+单数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
There
is
more
than
one
answer.
有不止一个答案。
Many
a
student
has
passed
the
exam.
许多生通过了考试。
4.
＂one
and
a
half+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语用单数。
One
and
a
half
days
is
all
I
can
spare.
一天半是我所能支配的全部时间。
One
and
a
half
pears
is
left
on
the
plate.
一个半梨被留在盘子里。
5.
the
rest
of...
短语作主语时，如果of后接复数名词，谓语用复数；如果of后接不可数名词，谓语用单数。
The
rest
of
the
bikes
are
on
sale.
余下的自行车降价出售。
The
rest
of
the
bread
is
gone.
剩余的面包不见了。
6.
＂none
of+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。
None
of
the
dogs
was/were
there.
那儿没有狗。
7.
＂a
number
of+名词复数＂表示＂许多/大量的……＂，其后的谓语动词用复数；＂the
number
of+名词复数＂表示＂……的数量＂，其中心词为number，故谓语动词用单数。
A
number
of
farmers
are
standing
over
there.
许多农民站在那边。
The
number
of
the
students
in
this
school
has
reached
over
2，000.
这所校的生数量已达到2
000多人。
8.
＂a
lot
of/lots
of/plenty
of+名词＂作主语，谓语动词由of后的名词来确定。如果of后是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；如果of后是复数名词，谓语动词用复数。
A
lot
of
time
is
needed.
需要大量的时间。
Plenty
of
workers
are
working.
许多工人在工作。
【典例】—What
_____________
the
number
of
the
students
in
your
school
—About
two
thousand.
A
number
of
them
_____________
from
England.
A.
is;
are
B.
is;
is
　　
C.
are;
is
D.
are;
are
【答案】A
考向八：动名词、不定式和从句作主语
动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数。
Doing
morning
exercises
is
good
for
your
body.
做早操对你的身体有益。
To
play
with
fire
near
a
gas
station
is
very
dangerous.
在加油站附近玩火很危险。
What
he
said
at
the
meeting
is
very
important.
他在会上的发言很重要。
【典例】To
lose
themselves
in
the
net
bar
_____________
on
teenagers’
future.
A.
have
a
bad
effect
B.
has
a
bad
effect
C.
have
a
good
effect
D.
has
a
good
effect
【答案】B
【辨析】
其他情况
例句
and连接并列主语时，谓语动词常常使用复数；但是and连接的并列主语指同一人、同一物时，谓语使用单数。
The
writer
and
teacher
is
coming.
那位作家兼教师来了(作家和教师指同一个人)The
writer
and
the
teacher
are
coming.
作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)
＂单数名词或代词+名词或代词+but/besides/except/including/like/with/along
with/as
well
as
/rather
than/such
as/together
with+名词或代词作主语，谓语使用单数形式，如果之前的名词或代词是复数，则谓语使用复数。
Mike
with
his
father
has
been
to
England.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike,
like
his
brother，enjoys
playing
football.
迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。
＂the
number
of+复数名词＂作主语谓语用单数;
＂a(good/large)
number
of+复数名词＂作主语，谓语动词用复数。
The
number
of
the
students
is
over
eight
hundred.
生人数超过八百。A
number
of
teachers
are
present
today，and
the
number
of
them
is
500.
许多教师今天都出席了，有500人。
由两个相同部分组成的一个整体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数，如chopsticks，glasses，shoes，socks，stockings,
trousers,
boots等。若此类名词被＂a
kind
of/a
pair
of’’修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
The
scissors
are
on
the
shelf
next
to
the
cupboard.
剪刀在橱柜旁边的架子上。A
pair
of
glasses
costs
quite
a
lot
these
days.
近些天，眼镜的售价很高。
当not
only...
but
also...，not...
but...，or，either...
or….，neither...
nor...等连接并列主语时，以及在there
be句型中，谓语动词的单复数形式采用就近一致原则。
Neither
Jack
and
I
have
seen
this
film.杰克和我都没有看过这部电影Either
you
or
he
is
to
attend
the
meeting
tomorrow.或者是你或者是他去参加明天的会议。
某些集体名词，如class,
club,
family,
team,
group等，作主语时，谓语动词采用意义一致原则，即依据名词的具体含义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。
The
company
has
grown
rapidly
in
the
last
five
years.这家公司五年来迅速发展壮大。The
family
are
celebrating
Thanksgiving
in
this
picture.在这张相片里，全家人正在庆祝感恩节。
【知识拓展】如果这一类集体名词作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词使用单数形式，如果这一类词指的是具体成员，则谓语动词应该使用复数形式。
I.
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.
Johnny
was
lucky
enough
to
win
the
_______
prize
in
the
math
constant.
(one)
2.
It’s
my
_______
time
to
win
the
English
reading
contest
this
year.
(two)
3.
Lesson
_______
is
the
most
difficult
lesson
in
this
English
text
book.
(eleventh)
4.
China
has
become
the
_______
country
to
send
her
astronauts
into
space.
(three)
5.
Mrs.
Brown
is
going
to
buy
a
present
to
her
songs
_______
birthday.
(twelve)
6.
Shanghai
is
_______
of
the
largest
cities
in
the
world.
(
first)
7.
Most
of
the
drinking
water
______________
(be)
from
the
Black
River.
8.
Either
you
or
he
______________
(have)
made
a
wrong
decision.
9.
The
police
______________
(be)
trying
to
catch
the
thief.
10.
The
number
of
the
teachers
in
the
school
______________
(be)
120.
II.
单项选择。
1.
of
the
students
in
our
class
have
lunch
at
school.
A.
Two
fifth
B.
Threes
fifths
C.
One
thirds
D.
Three
quarters
2.
Mother’s
Day
is
on
the
______
Sunday
in
May
every
year.
A.
two
B.
second
C.
six
D.
sixth
3.
_____is
more
interesting
than
_____.
A.
Lesson
One；Lesson
Two
B.
The
first
lesson；second
lesson
C.
First
lesson；the
second
lesson
D.
First
Lesson；Second
Lesson
4.
Not
only
I
but
also
Jack
and
Mary

tired
of
the
examinations.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
am
D.
be
5.
—How
many
teachers
are
there
in
your
school
—About
200.
One
third
of
them

men
teachers.
A.
have
B.
has
C.
are
D.
is
1.（2017﹒山东青岛）My
father
gave
me
a
bike
on
my
_______
birthday.
A.
ten
B.
a
tenth
C.
the
tenth
D.
tenth
2.（2017﹒湖北恩施州）—Enshi
is
becoming
a
popular
tourist
destination
now.
—I
think
so.
_______
people
come
here
every
summer
vacation.
A.
Hundreds
and
thousands
of　
B.
Hundred
and
thousand
of
C.
Hundreds
and
thousands
3.（2016
﹒天津）Li
Ming
will
be
_______.
His
parents
are
going
to
have
a
party
for
_______
birthday.
A.
sixteen;
sixteenth
B.
sixteenth;
sixteenth
C.
sixteen;
sixteen
D.
sixteenth;
sixteen
4.（2016﹒重庆）The
environment
here
becomes
better
and
better.
_______
birds
are
coming
back.
A.
Thousands
of
B.
Thousand
of
C.
Thousands
D.
Thousand
5.
（2016﹒山东东营）—A
recent
survey
shows
that
35
0ut
of
45
students
in
my
class
will
save
their
phones
first
in
a
fire.
—About
_______
of
the
students
made
such
a
choice
Life
is
far
more
important,
isn’t
it
A.
half
B.
one
third
C.
two
thirds
D.
three
quarters
6.
（2016﹒新疆阜康米泉）—Jack,
______________
of
the
oranges
______________
gone
bad.
—We’d
better
eat
up
the
rest
as
soon
as
possible.
A.
one
fifth；have　
B.
one
fifth；has
C.
one
fifths；have
D.
first
five；has
7.
（2016﹒江苏淮安）Andy,
with
his
parents,
______________
to
Hong
Kong,
and
they
will
stay
there
for
a
week.
A.
have
gone
B.
has
gone　
C.
have
been
　
D.
has
been
8.
（2016﹒甘肃兰州）My
sister
with
my
parents
______________
dumplings
when
I
got
home
yesterday
evening.
A.
are
making　　
B.
is
making　　　　
C.
was
making
D.
were
making
I.
单项选择。
1.
It
is
reported
that
people
throw
______________
plastic
bags
along
this
street
every
day.
A.
three
hundreds
of
B.
three
hundreds
C.
hundreds
of
D.
hundred
of
2.
President
Xi
Jinping,
together
with
his
wife
Peng
Liyuan,
visited
USA
from
April
6
to
7.
This
is
his
______________
visit
to
America
.
A.
eight
B.
the
eight
C.
eighth
D.
the
eighth
3.
—______________
do
you
read
English
newspaper
—At
least
______________
a
week.
A.
How
long；one
B.
How
often；twice
C.
How
many；once
D.
How
much；third
4.
—How
do
your
students
improve
their
English
writing
—Well,
about
______________
of
the
students
like
keeping
diaries
in
English
in
our
class.
A.
two
fifth
B.
two
fifths
C.
second
five
D.
two
five
5.
—Hi,
Kate!
There
are
______________
floors
in
this
building.
Which
floor
do
you
live
on
—I
live
on
the
______________
floor.
A.
twenty；twelve
B.
twenty；twelfth
C.
twentieth；twelfth
D.
twentieth；twelve
6.
—How
old
is
your
sister
—______________.We
had
a
special
party
for
her
______________
birthday
yesterday.
A.
Twenty-one；twenty-first
B.
Twenty-first；twenty-first
C.
Twenty-one；twenty-one
D.
Twenty-first；twenty-one
7.
—How
much
______________
the
pair
of
shoes
—Twenty
dollars
______________
enough.
A.
is;
is
B.
is;
are
C.
are;
is
D.
are;
are
8.
A
number
of
boys
______________
singing
songs.
The
number
of
boys
______________
getting
larger
and
larger.
A.
are;
is
B.
is;
are
C.
is;
is
D.
are;
are
II.
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.
Not
only
you
but
also
I
(be)
wrong.
2.
Neither
Bill
nor
his
parents
(be)
at
home
now.
3.
The
football
team
(be)
having
a
shower
now.
4.
Nothing
in
the
world
(be)
difficult
for
one
who
is
careful.
5.
Ten
thousand
pounds
(be)
a
lot
of
money.
6.
When
each
person
(come)
in,
they
must
show
their
tickets.
7.
Fifty
miles
(be)
not
a
great
distance.
8.
Nobody
but
John
and
Jim
(be)
asked
to
go.
9.
None
of
us
(have)
got
a
camera.
10.
Vegetables
sold
at
this
shop
(be)
usually
cheap.
11.
A
large
number
of
boys
and
girls
(play)
in
the
park
every
day.
12.
The
old
in
my
country
(be)
cared
for
by
their
children
and
grandchildren.
13.
There
(be)
a
pair
of
trousers
on
the
sofa.
14.
Every
man,
woman
and
child
(know)
something
about
the
hero.
15.
The
police
(be)
looking
for
the
thief
now.
16.
Nobody
(want)
to
spend
time
on
such
a
thing.
17.
The
Great
Wall
as
well
as
the
Palace
Museum
(attract)
lots
of
tourists
from
abroad
every
year.
18.
Three-fourths
of
the
surface
of
the
earth
(be)
covered
by
water.
19.
John,
together
with
his
family,
(be)
flying
to
London
next
week.
20.
Few
of
my
family
really
(understand)
me.
跟踪训练
I.
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.
first
2.
second
3.
Eleven
4.
third
5.
twelfth
6.
one
7.
is
8.
has
9.
are
10.
is
II.
单项选择。
2.
B
【解析】句意：母亲节在每年五月份的第二个星期天。two二；second第二；six六；sixth第六。根据句意可知，这里应该用序数词，表示＂第……个＂，并且母亲节是五月份的第二个周日。故选B。
3.
A
【解析】句意：第一课比第二课更有趣。Lesson
one第一课；Lesson
Two第二课；the
first
lesson第一课；the
second
lesson第二课。根据句意可知应选A。序数词前应加定冠词the，因此其他选项都不对。
4.
B
【解析】句意：不仅我而且杰克和玛丽都厌倦了考试。not
only
...
but
also等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式采用就近一致原则。故选B。
5.
C
句意：——你们校有多少个老师？——大约200。其中三分之一为男老师。分数在句子中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于分数后面的名词是单数还是复数。故这里要用are。
真题再现
1.
D
【解析】句意：我的父亲在我十岁生日时给了我一辆自行车。one’s
the
+序数词+birthday，表示某人多少岁生日。当序数词前有物主代词时，冠词the要省略。ten对应的序数词是tenth，故选D。
2.
A
【解析】句意：——恩施现在正成为一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。——我认为是这样，每年暑假都有成千上万的人来这里度假。hundred和thousand前面没有具体数词时，需要与of连用，且表示不具体、不准确的数目时，词尾须加-s。故选A。
3.
D
【解析】句意：——根据最近的一份调查显示，我们班四十五个同中有三十五个在火灾发生时，首先要救出他们的手机。——大约四分之三的生做出了那种选择？生命更重要得多，是不是？A.
half半，一半；B.
one
third三分之一；C.
two
thirds三分之二；D.
three
quarters四分之三。35÷45=0.777与四分之三接近。
6.
A
【解析】分数中，分子用基数词，分母用序数词(分子大于1时加-s)，分数作主语时，谓语动词与后面的名词保持一致。oranges是复数。故选A。
7.
B
【解析】句意：安迪和他的父母已经去了香港，他们将在那里待上一个星期。＂have/has
been
to+地点＂意为＂曾经去过某地＂；＂have/has
gone
to
+地点＂意为＂已经去了某地＂。从后一分句知，Andy和其父母是已经去了香港，排除C、D两项；本句的主语为第三人称单数Andy，而介词短语with
his
parents作伴随状语，句子谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选B。&
8.
C
【解析】句意：我昨晚回家时，我妹妹和我父母在包饺子。A项表示现在进行时；B项的主语应为单数，表示现在进行时；C项的主语为单数，表示过去进行时；D项表示过去进行时。由主语My
sister为第三人称单数和时间状语为yesterday
evening可知用过去进行时。故选C。
模拟检测
I.
单项选择。
1.
C
【解析】句意：据报道每天人们扔在这条大街上的塑料袋有好几百个。hundred与数词连用时不加s，但是表示好几百时，用复数形式，与介词of连用。故答案选C。
2.
C
【解析】句意：习近平主席携夫人彭丽媛从4月6日到7日访美。这是他第八次访美。此处修饰单数名词visit，故用序数词，有形容词性物主代词his修饰，故eighth前不加定冠词the，故选C。
5.
B
【解析】句意：——你好，凯特，这栋楼房有二十层，你住在哪一层？——我住在第十二层。前句表示楼房有二十层，二十，表示数量，用基数词twenty；后句表示住在第十二层，第十二，表示顺序，用序数词twelfth。故选B。
6.
A
【解析】句意：——你妹妹多大了？——21岁，我们昨天为她的第二十一个生日开了一个特别的派对。表示年龄时使用基数词的形式，在多少岁生日前用序数词，故答案为A。
7.
A
【解析】句意：——这双鞋多少钱？——二十美元足够。the
pair
of短语作主语，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式；twenty
dollars表示钱，作主语时谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式。故选A。.网
8.
A
【解析】句意：许多男孩正在唱歌。男孩的数量越来越大。A
number
of
boys许多男孩，中心词是boys，用作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式；The
number
of
boys男孩的数量，中心词是number，用作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，故选A。
II.
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.
am/was
2.
are
3.
are
4.
is
5.
is
6.
comes
7.
is
8.
is/was
9.
has/have
10.
are
11.
play
12.
are
13.
is
14.
knows
15.
are
16.
wants/wanted
17.
attracts
18.
is
19.
is
20.
understand
英语分数巧记
英语分数不费事，＂母序子基＂四个字。
分子若是大于一，分母还须加-s。
主谓一致记忆口诀
单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单。如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。
有些名词谓常复，牛人警察和船员。主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。
主语从句非谓语，many
a再加more
than
one，谓语动词均用单。
or，nor，but
also，there
be，近主原则挂嘴边。主语neither，either，one，谓语总是用三单。
主语虽有and连，and后面没有冠，仅指一人或一事，谓语仍然是单三。
时间、价值度量衡，谓语常作单数看。no，each，every后用单，两件/种事物/情系一概念。
谓语动词只用单数的情况
主语抽象表单一，集体名词整体看；
and连接两名词，或人或物不可分；
every，each以及no，并用and连名词；
三＂e＂neither不定代，所构合成正式单；
news，means，works，貌似复数实则单；
还有ics结尾词，国，书，剧名兼格言；
时重长度与价值，主单不受随行控；
many，more
than连单数，名词数量一个半，谓语单数不多看。
谓语动词可单可复的语法原则
可单可复有8类，集体名词一大类，
看作整体用单数，个体单看用复数；
不定代词疑问词，部分、半数及剩余，
这些作主看内容，该单该复看含义；
The加分词形容词，指人一定是复数，
若与分词指抽象，仍用单数莫迟疑；
one
of引导定从句，修饰复数是真的，
若有the
only在前头，从句指的是单一；
人口数目与比例，大多、种类作主语；
许多、分数、百分数，是单是复看意义；四则运算很随意。
谓语动词用复数的情况
人们加警察，家禽并牛群，常作复数没问题；
服装鞋袜及手套，自然全是用复数。