2020届英语中考一轮教材复习(江西)课件:知识点讲解七年级下册(2份 22+39张)

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名称 2020届英语中考一轮教材复习(江西)课件:知识点讲解七年级下册(2份 22+39张)
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课件22张PPT。七年级下册
第3讲 Units 1-6初中英语考点 1:speak, say, tell与talk
考点 2:join, join in, attend与take part in
考点 3:a couple of与a pair of
考点 4: wear, put on, dress与in
考点 5: 交通方式的表达
考点 6: It’s+ adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth.句型
考点 7:arrive, reach与get to
考点 8: keep的用法 1. speak的意思是“讲话;演讲”,着重指说话的动作,多用作不及物动
词;用作及物动词时,其宾语是语言。
2. say的意思是“说;讲”,一般用作及物动词,着重指说话的内容。它
的宾语可以是名词、代词或直接引语等。
3. tell意为“告诉;讲述;吩咐”,多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人,常接
双宾语。
4. talk的意思是“说;讲;谈话”,与speak意义比较接近,但不如speak正
式,着重强调两人之间的相互谈话,也可指单方面的谈话。
1. join强调“加入”党派组织或团体,后面可跟团体等作宾语,也
可跟人作宾语。
2. join in强调“参加”某种活动,通常指参加正在进行着的活动。
3. attend正式用语,一般指“参加”会议、典礼、婚礼、葬礼、聚
会及去听课、听报告等。
4. take part in强调“参加”活动,参加者持积极态度并起到一定的
作用。1. a couple (of)主要用于表示人和动物。如:
a couple of eggs 两个鸡蛋 a couple of players 一对选手
2. a pair (of)多指物品,这种物品由两部分组成,分开则不能单独使用。 如:
a pair of glasses一副眼镜 a pair of trousers一条裤子
【注意】
(1)a pair of shoes 一双鞋
(2)five pairs of socks 五双袜子
(3)in pairs表示“成双地”、“双双”的意思。如:
They are practicing spoken English in couples. 他们两人一组在练习英语口语。1. wear“穿;戴”,后加衣服、鞋、帽,表示状态。如:
I wear a red coat to work every day. 我每天穿一件红色的外套上班。
2. put on“穿上”,后加衣服、鞋、帽,表示动作。
3. dress“给……穿衣服”,后加某人。
4. in“穿;戴”,要和be 连用,表示状态。如:
He is in a red coat today. 他今天穿了一件红色外套。I usually ride a bike to go to school in summer.by+交通工具单数名词on+ 冠词/物主代词+交通工具名词in+ 冠词/物主代词+交通工具名词骑自行车take the shipin…shipby shipdrive a carin…carby car我每天骑自行车上学。I go to school on a/ the/ my bike every day.I take a/ the/ my bike to go to school every day.I go to school by bike every day.1. 句型中的形容词如果描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的,用of sb.,这类形容词有:kind, good, nice, right, wrong, clever, careless, polite, foolish等。
2. 句型中的形容词仅仅是描述事物,不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价,用for sb.,这类形容词有:difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous, possible, impossible等。1. It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that …
2. It + be +名词词组 + doing / that …
3. It + be + 过去分词 + that …
4. It + seems + that …
5. It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth.当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时,为保持句子结构前后平衡,避免头重脚轻,因此常用it作形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。1. reach“到达”,是及物动词,接地点名词作宾语。 2. arrive“到达”是不及物动词,后面接地点时需要加in或at。arrive in后面一般接国家、大城市等相对来说大点的地点名词;而arrive at后面一般接station, airport, destination, village等相对来说小点的地点名词。 3. get 多用于口语,是不及物动词,常接to表示“到达”,如果后接副词,则省略to。1. keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
2. keep (sb.) away (from sth.)(使)某人远离(某物)
3. keep sth. in mind 记住(某事物)
4. keep sb./ sth. out (of sth.) 不让……入内
5. keep in touch with 与……保持联系
6. keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事
7. keep up with 跟上,不落在后面
8. keep a diary 写日记
9. keep (sb.)+ adj. (使某人)保持某种状态(淮安中考)
The professor reached Nanjing last Wednesday. He ________ there for 10 days.
A. has been B. has got C. has reached D. has arrived解析:考查延续性动词和非延续性动词。句意:这位教授上周三到了南京。他在那儿待了10天了。根据后面的“for 10 days”可知,表示一段时间,用has been。
答案: A(内江中考)
Mr. Black, you are becoming healthier and healthier. Please keep on .
A. ran B. to run C. runs D. running解析:考查动词短语的固定用法。句意:布莱克先生,你正变得越来越健康。请坚持跑步。keep on doing sth. 意为“坚持做某事” 。
答案: D (铜仁中考)
—Jenny, it's cold outside. __________ your coat when you go out.
—OK, Dad.
A. Put away B. Put on C. Take off D. Take away解析:考查动词短语辨析。句意:——珍妮,外面很冷。当你出去时穿上你的外套。——好的,爸爸。根据it’s cold outside“外边很冷” 可推断,当外出的时候应该是穿上外套的。put away意为“把……放好”;take off“脱下”;take away“拿走”,均不符合题意。
答案: A (阜康中考)
Anyone who is good at singing can_______ the activity in our school.
A. take part in B. take off C. take out D. take care of解析:考查短语动词辨析。句意:任何擅长唱歌的人都可以参加我们学校的这个活动。the activity in our school“我们学校的活动”。表示参加某项活动,用take part in。
答案: A (葫芦岛中考)
对于学生们来说,认真对待学习很重要。
____________________________________________It is important for the students to treat study carefully. 解析:考查固定句式。根据“认真对待学习很重要”可知,句中的形容词是描述事物的,所以“对于学生们来说”应该用for sb.,且“认真对待学习”在句中作主语,为了避免头重脚轻,用it作形式主语的句式,真正的主语是动词不定式。
答案: It is important for the students to treat study carefully. (盘锦中考)
如果我去参加聚会,我会装扮成一个机器人。
____________________________________________If I go to attend the party, I will dress up as (like) a robot. 解析:考查动词辨析。参加会议、典礼、婚礼、葬礼、聚会及去听课、听报告等用attend。
答案: If I go to attend the party, I will dress up as (like) a robot. (扬州中考)Sweets have too much sugar and are bad for our teeth. 解析:考查短语辨析。“糖”sugar是不可数名词,修饰不可数名词的“太多” 是too much;be bad for意为“对……有害”;sweets“糖果”是可数名词复数,作主语时谓语动词用复数。
答案: Sweets have too much sugar and are bad for our teeth. 糖果含糖太多,对我们的牙齿有害。
_______________________________________________本课结束课件39张PPT。七年级下册
第4讲 Units 7-12初中英语询问天气的句型What’s the weather like? 句型1:句型2:How is the weather?—What’s the weather like today?
今天天气怎么样?
—It’s sunny.
今天是晴天。 —How is the weather today?
今天天气怎么样?
—It’s rainy.
今天在下雨。 ____________________How’s the weather today?(改为同义句)
________ the weather _____ today?解析:考查询问天气的句型。How’s the weather today? 意为:今天天气怎样? 相当于 What’s the weather like today?
答案: What’s; like (陇南中考)What’slike问路和指路的常用句型1. How do I get to…? 去某处该怎么走……?
2. Can you tell me the way to…?
=Can you tell me how to get to…?
你能不能告诉我去……的路该怎么走?
3. Where is…? ……在哪儿?问路句型:问路和指路的常用句型1. Go straight on. You can’t miss it.
一直往前。你一定能找到的。
2. Turn right. 向右转。
3. Turn left. 向左转。
4. Turn right at the first crossing. 第一个路口向右转。
5. Turn left at the second crossing. 第二个路口向左转。指路句型:—How do I get to the hospital?
我怎样到医院?
—Go straight on. And turn right at the second crossing.
一直往前。在第二个十字路口向右转。 —Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the police station?
打扰一下,你能告诉我去警察局的路吗?
—Walk along the road, and turn to the left at the third turning.
沿着这条路走,在第三个拐弯处向左拐。____________________________________________________________________________当别人向你问路,而你不知道路时,可用下面的句子来答复对方:1. Sorry, I don’t know. I’m new here, too.
对不起,我不知道。我也是刚到这儿的。
2. I’m sorry, I’m not sure.
You’d better ask the policeman over there.
对不起,我不能确定,你最好问那边的警察。—Excuse me, where is the nearest bank?
—Go straight ahead; you _____ miss it.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t解析:考查问路和指路的常用句型。句意:—打扰了,最近的银行在哪儿?—一直往前,你一定能找到的。You can’t miss it.表示“你一定能找到的”,是指路的句型。
答案: B(包头中考)辨析:across,through与over介词,意为“横过;穿过”acrossthroughover介词,意为“穿过”介词,意为“在……上方;越过”across指的是在物体的表面进行,强调从某个范围的一边到另一边,且在物体表面上或沿着一条线的方向进行的动作,常与walk,run,fly,jump等动词连用。They take a boat across the river.through表示从某个范围的一端到另一端,强调从物体的内部经过,往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等。The sun is shining through the window. over常指在空间上通过、越过,也可指垂直在上,与物体的表面不接触。There is a bridge over the river.over除了可以表示“在……上方;越过”之外,还可以表示:1. 介词,超过。 2. 介词,遍及。3. 副词作表语,完了。He has lived in Beijing over two years.____介词,超过The fog spreads over the town.____介词,遍及The class is over.____副词作表语,完了用through, over或across填空。
⑴Mrs. Black went _________ the street to do some
shopping.
⑵They are going _________ the forest.
⑶We climbed ________ the mountain at last.解析:考查through, over和across的用法区别。⑴表示横过街道,要用across;⑵表示穿过森林,从某个范围的一端到另一端,强调从物体的内部经过,用through;⑶指越过高山,强调从山的上方经过,用over。
答案: across;through;overacrossthroughoverWhat do/does sb. look like?句型What do/does sb. look like?用于提问某人的长相、外貌,意为“某人长得什么样?”—What do your twin sisters look like?
你的双胞胎妹妹长得什么样?
—They have big eyes. They are beautiful.
她们长着大眼睛。她们非常漂亮。___—What does Cathy look like? 
 凯西长什么样?
—She’s very tall, and she has black hair.
 她个子很高,一头黑发。_____What be sb. like? 句型可以询问人的外貌,也可以提问人的性格、品质等,意为“某人是个什么样的人?”。—What’s Ruth like? 
 鲁思是个什么样的人呢?
—She’s quiet and a little shy. 
 她很文静,有点害羞。______________________ —What does Anna look like?
—________.
A. She’s kind B. She’s tall C. She likes skating解析:考查What do/does sb. look like?句型。句意: —安娜长得什么样?—她个儿很高。What do/does sb. look like?用于提问人的长相、外貌,意为“某人长什么样?”所以选B。
答案: Bwould like 的用法短语would like用来表达意愿,意为“想要、愿意”,和want意思接近,但比want语气委婉、客气。其后可接名词、代词宾格或动词不定式。其中,would是情态动词,常可缩写为’d。He would like to go out for a walk.想要做某事__________________他想要出去散步。She would like to writer a letter.她想写一封信。______________我们的父母想要我们好好学习。Our parents would like us to study well.想要某人去做某事。__________________She would like me to help her.她想让我帮助她。___________该句型常用于征求对方的意见。肯定回答常用“Yes, please.”,而否定回答常用“No, thanks.”需要特别注意的是,在该句型中要用some,而不用any,以表示说话人希望得到肯定回答。—Would you like some apples? 是的,我想要。—Yes, please.—No, thanks. 不,谢谢。你想要一些苹果吗?_______1. Would you like some …?该句型表示向对方有礼貌地提出建议或发出邀请,其中like可用love替换。—Would you like/ love to play football with me?你想要和我一起踢足球吗?是的,我非常愿意。—Yes, I’d like / love to.—I’d like/ love to. But I’m too busy.我非常愿意。但我太忙了。_______________________2. Would you like to … ? —What would you like to drink?
—I’d _____ three bottles of water.
A. like B. likes C. to like解析:考查would like的用法。句意: —你想要喝什么?—我想要三瓶水。短语would like用来表达意愿,意为“想要、愿意”,和want意思接近,但比want语气委婉、客气。其后可接名词、代词宾格或动词不定式。其中,would是情态动词,常可缩写为’d。
答案: A辨析: a number of 与the number of……的数量a number ofthe number of许多的,大量的表示“许多”,相当于 many,修饰可数名词复数。作主语时,谓语动词用复数。number前可用large,small等修饰,以表示程度。A number of students are planting trees. ____A large number of people are watching films. The number of pages in this book is 60.表示“……的数量”。作主语的中心词时,谓语动词用单数形式,后常跟large, small等词作表语。The number of the students is very large.______修饰可数名词复数:many,?a?good/great?many,?quite?a?few?修饰不可数名词:
much, a great deal of, quite a little即可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词:
a lot of, lots of, plenty of选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
A lot of people are coming to the meeting.
A. A few B. A little C. A bit of D. A large number of解析:考查a number of的用法。画线短语a lot of的意思是“许多的,大量的”。a number of表示“许多”,修饰可数名词复数。作主语时,谓语动词用复数。number前可用large,small等修饰,以表示程度。
答案: D (陇南中考)辨析:surprise, surprised与surprising形容词surprisesurprised名词或动词surprisingThe two men looked at each other in surprise.
那两个人惊奇地互相看着。作名词,意为“惊奇,诧异”。in surprise(惊奇地)和to one’s surprise(使某人感到吃惊的是)都是含有名词surprise的短语。To my surprise, they lost! 使我惊奇的是他们输了!____________The bad news didn’t surprise their parents.
这个坏消息没使他们的父母吃惊。作及物动词,意为“使人惊奇,使感到意外”。后可接名词或代词的宾格作宾语。You surprised me. 你真使我惊奇。_________________We’re surprised at your words. 对你的话我们感到诧异。是过去分词作形容词,有被动意味,表示“对……感到惊奇”,主语习惯上是人,且其后多接介词at,to do不定式和that从句。They are surprised to meet their teacher in the museum.
他们在博物馆遇见他们的老师感到很惊讶。___________We are surprised that he can succeed.
他能成功我们感到很惊讶。____________________The result is surprising. 结果是令人惊讶的。 The surprising success makes us very happy.
这出人意料的成功使我们非常高兴。是现在分词作形容词,有主动意味,指“使人惊奇的”,作表语时主语习惯上是事。在句中可以作表语或定语。______________________作定语作表语现在分词作形容词表“进行”,“主动”的含义;而过去分词常作形容词表“完成”,“被动”的含义。类似的词还有:exciting 令人激动的 excited 感到激动的
interesting 令人感兴趣的 interested 感兴趣的
relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 感到放松的
moving 令人感动的 moved 感动的Everyone was ________(surprise) to see her at the party last night.解析:考查surprised的用法。句意:昨天晚上看到她出现在了派对上,每个人都很惊讶。surprised是过去分词作形容词,有被动意味,表示“对……感到惊奇”,主语习惯上是人,且其后多接介词at,to do不定式和that从句。
答案: surprised(来宾中考)surprised本课结束