第三讲 代词
考题自测体验
1.(2019江苏南京)Last month the students in Changjiang Road Primary School held the “Ten Years of Growth Ceremony” to celebrate 10th birthday together.?
A.they B.their
C.them D.theirs
答案:B
解析:根据前面的主语the students, 可知此处应填形容词性物主代词。故选B项。
2.(2019重庆)Their plants don’t grow very well, but look really good.?
A.we B.our
C.ours D.ourselves
答案:C
解析:根据设空一句可知设空处缺主语, 此处指我们的植物。故选C项。
3.(2019北京)Mr.Wang is coming to our school. I can’t wait to see .?
A.her B.him
C.it D.them
答案:B
解析:设空处指的是Mr.Wang, 且用宾格形式, 故选B项。
4.(2019天津)We haven’t got meat for dinner. Let’s buy chicken.?
A.some; some B.some; any
C.any; any D.any; some
答案:D
解析:第一空在否定句中应填any, 第二空在肯定句中填some。故选D项。
5.(2018天津)—She is too busy to help us finish the work.
—Let’s do it . ?
A.herself B.myself
C.itself D.ourselves
答案:D
解析:由“Let’s” 可知此处句意为“让我们自己做吧”, 应用反身代词ourselves。故选D项。
6.(2018北京)My brother and I like football. play it together once a week. ?
A.I B.They
C.We D.You
答案:C
解析:句意: 我哥哥和我都喜欢足球。我们一周踢一次足球。此处用We代指My brother and I。故选C项。
7.(2018江苏盐城)We should protect the earth because it is home. ?
A.we B.us
C.our D.ours
答案:C
解析:句意: 我们应该保护地球, 因为它是我们的家园。这里应用we的形容词性物主代词our。故选C项。
8.(2018河南)As a child, I would sit for hours by the river doing —simply daydreaming. ?
A.nothing B.everything
C.something D.anything
答案:A
解析:句意: 作为一个孩子, 我在河边坐了好几个小时, 什么也没做——只是在幻想。nothing符合语境。故选A项。
9.(2018安徽)—The fridges are on sale in the supermarket today.
—Really? Let’s go and buy for our new kitchen. ?
A.one B.it
C.that D.them
答案:A
解析:句意: ——今天超市里的冰箱正在促销。——真的吗? 让我们去为我们的新厨房买一台吧。one指代上文提到的物品里的一个。故选A项。
10.(2018江苏宿迁)—Excuse me, I want some books, but I can’t find a bookshop here.
—I know on my way home. Come with me, please. ?
A.this B.one
C.it D.that
答案:B
解析:第一句表示想要找一家书店, 答语应表示知道在回家的路上有一家。故应用one表示所提到的事物中的一个。故选B项。
11.(2018山东东营)The Chinese Skyeye and High-speed Train interest people a lot because of them are leading the world in science and technology. ?
A.both B.each
C.either D.neither
答案:A
解析:由谓语动词are可知, 应表示肯定, 且主语是两种物品, 故应用both。故选A项。
12.(2018内蒙古呼和浩特)—Dad, could you please teach English? ?
—Sure! But it’s more important to learn it by . ?
A.my; yourself B.my; you
C.me; you D.me; yourself
答案:D
解析:第一空前面是及物动词, 应用宾格形式; 第二空应用反身代词, by oneself表示“某人自己”。故选D项。
13.(2018四川眉山)—Lucy, is this baseball? ?
—No, is over there. It must be Mike’s. ?
A.your; my B.your; mine
C.yours; my D.yours; mine
答案:B
解析:第一空后面有名词baseball, 故应用形容词性物主代词; 第二空做主语, 且后面没有名词, 故应用名词性物主代词。故选B项。
14.(2018四川南充)—Is that modern plane? ?
—Yes, it’s . My sister sent it to me. ?
A.your; my B.your; mine
C.you; me D.yours; mine
答案:B
解析:第一空后面有名词短语modern plane, 故应用形容词性物主代词; 第二空做表语, 且后面没有名词, 故应用名词性物主代词。故选B项。
15.(2018湖北随州)—I’m worried about tomorrow’s talent show.
—Be confident! If you don’t believe in yourself, will. ?
A.nobody B.anybody
C.everybody D.somebody
答案:A
解析:句意: ——我很担心明天的才艺表演。——自信点! 如果你不相信你自己, 没有人将会(相信你)。nobody “没有人”; anybody“任何人”; everybody“每个人”; somebody“某个人”。根据句意可知应是“没有人会相信你”, 故选A项。
课件90张PPT。第三讲 代词考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点八代词是在句中代替名词的词。英语中的代词, 按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为: 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、关系代词和连接代词9种。这里我们重点讲7种。考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七人称代词
人称代词是用来指人、动物或其他事物的代词。它的主要用途是在句子中避免名词的重复; 人称代词有单复数以及主格与宾格的变化。
1.人称代词的分类考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七2.人称代词的用法
(1)人称代词的主格在句中做主语。如:
I like apples.
我喜欢苹果。
(2)人称代词的宾格可在句中做动词或介词的宾语, 也可以做表语。如:
Let us help Tom.
让我们帮助汤姆吧。
It’s me. 是我。考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七3.人称代词的排列顺序 考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七典例1If you want to learn English better, you can make friends with American students and often talk to . ?
A.their B.theirs
C.they D.them
解析:句意: 如果你想英语学得更好, 你可以和美国学生交朋友并经常和他们交谈。to是介词, 其后跟人称代词的宾格做宾语。故选D项。
答案:D考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七3.Reading more helps learn better. ?
A.we B.our
C.us D.ours
答案:C
解析:句意: 多读书能使我们学得更好。help是及物动词, 其后应该用人称代词的宾格us做help的宾语。考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七4.This morning Diana invited to birthday party. ?
A.I; her B.I; hers
C.me; her D.me; hers
答案:C
解析:句意: 今天早上戴安娜邀请我参加她的生日晚会。本句中 invite 是及物动词, 其后要接宾语, 第一个空要用人称代词宾格; 第二空后有名词birthday party, 需用形容词性物主代词修饰。故选C项。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一物主代词
物主代词是表示所属关系的代词, 代指事物的主人。分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1.物主代词的分类考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一2.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别 考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一典例2These aren’t books. Mary, you left at home. ?
A.you; your
B.your; yours
C.yours; your
D.your; you
解析:由books可知第一设空处用形容词性物主代词, 由第二设空后不跟名词, 可知用名词性物主代词。故选B项。
答案:B考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一反身代词
1.反身代词的分类
反身代词指动作的承受者是动作执行者本身的代词, 也就是表示“我自己, 你自己, 我们自己” 等的代词。单数以-self结尾, 复数以-selves结尾。具体如下: 考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一2.反身代词的语法功能 考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一I teach myself English.
我自学英语。
I don’t feel myself today.
我今天感觉不舒服。
You can do it by yourself.
你能自己做。
注意使用反身代词的时候, 反身代词和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别和数上必须保持一致。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一典例3If we just think about , the boat of friendship will be overturned anytime. ?
A.myself B.himself
C.yourself D.ourselves
解析:we的反身代词为ourselves。
答案:D考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一12.The man called his professor for help because he couldn’t solve the problem by . ?
A.herself
B.himself
C.yourself
D.themselves
答案:B
解析:by oneself意为“靠某人自己”, 本句的主语the man为男士, 用反身代词himself“他自己”, 故选B项。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一指示代词
1.指示代词的分类
指示代词是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。指示代词在句中可以做主语、表语和宾语。常用的指示代词有this/these, that/those。
2.指示代词的用法考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一典例4—The population of China is larger than of India. ?
—Yes, but India’s population is increasing rapidly.
A.it B.one
C.that D.this
解析:that可代指上文提到的不可数名词population。故选C项。
答案:C考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一15.—Who’s ? ?
— is Tom speaking. ?
A.this; This
B.that; That
C.that; This
D.this; That
答案:C
解析:句意: ——你是谁? ——我是汤姆。打电话时称对方用that, 称呼自己用this。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一16.The students in Class One are quieter than in Class Two. ?
A.that B.those
C.them D.ones
答案:B
解析:句意: 一班的学生比二班的学生更安静。比较级后面要用代词时, 一般用that或those, 根据句子可知前面是复数, 故用those在此代指上文提到的可数名词复数the students。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一不定代词
1.不定代词的分类
不明确指代某个(些)人、某个(些)事物的代词叫作不定代词。
(1)兼作代词和限定词的不定代词考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一典例5Helen has got two brothers. of them likes chocolate, but she loves it. ?
A.Neither B.None
C.Each D.Any
解析:表示“两者都不” 用neither。故选A项。
答案:A考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一18.—Would you like tea or coffee?
— , thanks! I prefer Coke. ?
A.Both B.Neither
C.All D.Some
答案:B
解析:由“谢谢! 我更喜欢可乐。” 可知我不喜欢上文中提到的茶和咖啡。neither“两者都不”。故选B项。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一19.Neither Mike nor his cousins to Australia, but of them have known the country very well. ?
A.have been; all B.have gone; both
C.has been; all D.has gone; both
答案:A
解析:句意: 迈克和他的表兄弟们都没有到过澳大利亚, 但他们都很了解这个国家。neither... nor... “既不……也不……” 引导并列主语时, 谓语动词数的形式要与nor后面的主语一致, his cousins是复数, 所以排除选项C和D; both指两者, 迈克和他的表兄弟们, 不只是两人, 所以用all, 故选A项。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一20.I don’t like this hat. Could you show me one? ?
A.other B.another
C.others D.the other
答案:B
解析:another“另一个”; 由句意“我不喜欢这顶帽子” 可推测下文句意为“你能再给我看一下另一顶帽子吗?” 故选B项。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一(2)复合不定代词 考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一①some-类复合不定代词多用于肯定句中, 也可用于表示邀请、请求或建议的疑问句中; any-类复合不定代词多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中, 也可用于肯定句中, 意为“任何人” 或“任何事”。如:
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事情告诉你。
Would you like something to drink?
你想喝点什么吗?
I can’t see anything in the dark room.
在这个黑暗的房间里我什么也看不见。
Anything is possible.
一切皆有可能。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一②复合不定代词被形容词所修饰时, 形容词要放在不定代词的后面。如:
Is there anything important in today’s newspaper?
今天的报纸上有什么重要消息吗? 考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一典例6—Is there else in the classroom? ?
—It is empty. is listening to a speech in the school hall. ?
A.anyone; Anyone
B.anyone; Everyone
C.everyone; Anyone
D.everyone; Everyone
解析:在疑问句中用anyone; everyone表示“每一个人”, 强调整体。故选B项。
答案:B考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一2.常见不定代词的区别
(1)some和any 考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一I have some questions to ask you.
我有些问题要问你。
Have you got any books?
你有书吗?
Would you like some coffee?
你想要点咖啡吗?
You can ask me any question.
你可以问我任何问题。
典例7—I have two soccer balls. What about you?
—Oh, I don’t have . ?
A.some B.no
C.any D.much
解析:在否定句中用any。
答案:C考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一28.—Have you got water to drink? ?
—Here you are. There is still in the bottle. ?
A.some; any B.some; some
C.any; some D.any; any
答案:B
解析:some常用于肯定句中, 用于疑问句中时表示希望得到对方肯定的回答。故选B项。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一(2)few, a few和little, a little The problem is too difficult, and few students can work it out.
这道题太难了, 没几个学生能做出来。
She says little but does much.
她说得少, 做得多。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一典例8This passage is very difficult. people can understand it. ?
A.A few B.Few
C.A little D.Little
解析:句意: 这段文章很难。没有几个人能够明白它。few“不多”, 本身含有否定意义。故选B项。
答案:B考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一32.The fishermen knew about the island when they arrived there first. ?
A.few B.a little
C.a few D.little
答案:D
解析:由下文句意“他们首次到达时” 可推测上文句意为“渔民们对这个岛屿了解很少”。few和little表示否定意义, 但few修饰可数名词复数。故选D项。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一(3)each, either, both, all, neither和none 考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一典例9Old Mr. Black lives happily with his three dogs. of them are part of his family. ?
A.Both B.All
C.None D.Neither
解析:句意: 老布莱克先生和他的三只狗快乐地生活在一起。它们都是他家庭的一部分。all“三者或三者以上都”, 故选B项。
答案:B考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一34.—Would you like some juice or milk?
— is OK. I don’t mind. ?
A.Either B.Neither
C.Both D.All
答案:A
解析:句意: ——你要果汁还是牛奶? ——哪一个都行。我不介意。可知应该选either“两者之一”。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一35.—Do you live by yourself, Mr. Wang?
—Yes. I have two children. But of them lives with me. They are now studying in England. ?
A.both B.none
C.neither D.either
答案:C
解析:句意: ——王先生, 你独自一人生活吗? ——是的。我有两个孩子。但是他们都不和我生活在一起。他们现在在英国学习。根据“I have two children.” 可以确定范围为两者, 因此可以排除B项, 再根据连词but和谓语动词为第三人称单数, 可判断本句主语表示单数意义, 因此可以排除A项。neither“两者都不” 符合句意。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一36.There are many trees and flowers on side of Jingshi East Road. ?
A.both B.all
C.each D.every
答案:C
解析:each指“两者或两者以上中的每一个”; both“两者都”; every 指“三者或三者以上中的每一个”; all“都, 全部”。由路有两边以及side用的是单数形式可知用each修饰side。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一(4)the other, the others, others和another 考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一You can ask other people.
你可以问问别人。
We should help others.
我们应该帮助别人。
He has finished five bowls of porridge and he wants to drink another one.
他已经喝了五碗粥, 还想再喝一碗。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一典例10The twins are in different classes. One is in Class One and
is in Class Two. ?
A.another B.other
C.the other D.others
解析:the other“两个中的另一个”。故选C项。
答案:C考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一(5)one和it I have a new pen. My father bought it for me. And he bought one for my brother, too.
我有一支新钢笔, 是爸爸买给我的(这支钢笔)。而且他也给我弟弟买了一支(相似的但非上文那支)。
典例11I can’t find my ticket. I think I have lost . ?
A.it B.one
C.this D.them
解析:it代指上文中提到的单个事物本身; one代指同类事物中的一个。故选A项。
答案:A考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一44.I’ve bought many books on Chinese food. You can borrow
if you like. ?
A.either B.one
C.it D.every
答案:B
解析:由句意可知“如果你喜欢, 你可以借一本书”, it指前面提到的单数名词; one指代前面提到的同类事物中的一个。故选B项。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一规律总结it的其他用法
①指代婴儿或不明身份的人
②表示天气、时间、季节或距离
③答语中代替this/that
④形式主语常见句式:
A.It’s+adj.+(for/of sb.)to do sth.
B.It’s time for sb.to do sth.
C.It takes/took/will take sb.+时间+to do sth.
D.It seems+that从句.
E.It’s+adj.+that从句.
⑤形式宾语
You’ll find it interesting to be with us.
你会发现和我们相处很有趣。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一典例12We decide to make a rule for us roommates to turn off the lights at 10: 30 p. m. ?
A.that B.this
C.it D.one
解析:it可以在句子中代替动词不定式做形式宾语。
答案:C考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一3.不定代词的特殊用法
(1)形容词或else做定语: 由some-/any-/no-/every-等构成的不定代词+形容词/else
I want to do something different. 我想做点不同的事。
Do you know anyone else at the party?
你认识聚会上的其他人吗?
(2)everyone = everybody每个人, 所有人, 不与of连用
every one每一个(人/事物), 可与of连用
Is everyone here? 大家都到齐了吗?
Everyone is happy because they worked out every one of the problems.
大家都很开心, 因为他们解决了所有问题。考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一疑问代词
常见疑问代词及其用法考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一典例13— teachers will you miss the most after junior high school, Lisa? ?
—Ms. Lee and Mr. Hunt.
A.Whose B.Which
C.What D.How many
解析:which“哪一(些)……”。故选B项。
答案:B考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一考点二考点三考点四考点五考点六考点七考点一相互代词
相互代词是表示相互关系的代词。在句中可以做宾语, 也可与 -’s一起构成所有格修饰名词做定语。相互代词共有两种: each other和one another, 意为“互相; 彼此”。如:
They help each other when in trouble.
遇到麻烦时, 他们互相帮助。
提示:关系代词和连接代词见复合句
