2020年中考代词总结（共46张PPT）

(共46张PPT)
2020
代 词
·
代 词
关系代词
疑问代词
不定代词
相互代词
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
指示代词
1：定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称（第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称）、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。
用法口诀： 人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说；
　　　　　 主格定把主语作，宾格作宾不会错。
人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。
____________________________ 我是一名学生。
____________________________ 他是一名学生。
____________________________ 我们是学生。
人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作的对象。
_____________________________ 我的爸妈非常喜欢我。
_____________________________ 他给我一本书。
单数人称 2，3, 1 复数人称 1，2，3 表示犯错 1 在前
_______,_________ and _______ are good friends.
_______,_________, and _______should return on time.
_______and ________made her angry.
A）用下列词的适当形式填空。
1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she )
2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. ( it )
3. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive.( them )
4. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school.
5. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at English. ( he)
6. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____? ( she )
7. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. ( it)
1. 定义：物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，用来说明某物属于某人或与某人有关。
用法口诀：物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。
　　　　　形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。
　　　　　名词性、独立用，主宾表语它都充。
（1）形容词性物主代词只可做定语。
形容词性物主代词起形容词性的作用，在句中只能做定语。（即：形容词性物主代词后一定要跟上一个名词）
_______________________________我喜欢她的电脑。
_______________________________我不喜欢他的那本书。
（2）名词性物主代词可作主语。
_______________________________我们的手机在这儿，他们的在那儿。
_______________________________我的钢笔和她的一点都不一样。
（3）名词性物主代词可作表语。
_______________________________那个房子是你的吗？
_______________________________是的，它是我的。
（4）名词性物主代词可作宾语。
_______________________________请先打扫他们的房间，再打扫我们的。
一、用括号中的适当形式填空
（1）Are these ________（you）pencils?
Yes, they are ________（our）.
（2）—Whose is this pencil?
—It’s ________（I）.
（3）I love ________（they）very much.
（4）She is________（I）classmate.
（5）Miss Li often looks after________（she）brother.
（6）—Are these ________（they）bags ？
—No, they aren’t ________（their）. They are ________（we）.
二、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空：
1. Mary works in a book store. _____ likes ______work very much.
2. John and I are in the same school. ______ go to school together.
3. Her sister makes all ______ own dresses.
4. I have many friends. Some of_______are good at English.
5. May I use ______ bike? ______is broken.
反身代词：表示我自己，你自己..等的词。
人称
分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数
复数
①作宾语，表示句子的主语和宾语为同一个人或物：
He hurt himself yesterday.
②作同位语：一般有两个位置：放在所涉及的名词、代词之后或者放在句末：
Tom himself did not know anything about it.
Tom did not know anything about it himself.
注意：英语的反身代词不能单独充当句子的主语：
（误）He asked people to do what himself did not want to do.
（正）He asked people to do what he himself did not want to do.
help oneself (to) 随便吃/喝
enjoy oneself 玩得愉快
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
hurt oneself 伤害自己
teach oneself 自学
lose oneself 沉迷于
by oneself 单独地，独自地
look after oneself 照顾自己
1. Those girls enjoyed ____ in the party last night.
A. them B. they C. themselves D. herself
2. Help ____ to some fish, children.
A. yourself B. your C. yours D. Yourselves
3. The film ____ is very fun.
A. it’s B. itself C. it D. its
4. –Who teaches ____ math? –I teach ______.
A. your, myself B. you, myself C. you, me D. you, herself
5. The father will make ____ a bike ____.
A. her, himself B. she, himself C. her, herself D. she, herself
6. The scarf is ____, she made it_____.
A. herself, her B. herself, hers C. hers, herself D. her, herself
7. Liu Hulan’s death was great. She thought more of others than ______.
A. her B. she C. hers D. herself
8. Luckily, he didn’t hurt ____ terribly yesterday.
A. him B. themselves C. himself D. they
9. I can’t mend my shoe _____. Can you mend it for _____?
A. myself, me B. myself, I C. me, I D. I, me
是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。
eg：1. _____________________________________________________________________________________
2._____________________________________________________________________________________
3._____________________________________________________________________________________
4._____________________________________________________________________________________
近指 远指
单数
复数
1.This 指下文要提到的事物
Please remember this：you’re the best student in the eyes of teachers.
2.That 指上文提到过的事物
My mom won’t give me any money,that’s a big problem
3.电话用语，this介绍自己，that 询问对方
-Hello，this is Anna.Who’s that？
-Hi,this is Allen speaking.
4.口语中，this用语介绍他人
-This is my English teacher，Alex.
-Nice to meet you.
5.当所指代的人物已确定，再次提及时则用相应的人称代词
-Are those your teachers?
-Yes,they are./No,they aren’t.
-Is this your pen?
-No, it isn’t.
1. 翻译下列词组
１.这个男孩___________________________. ２. 那位老师___________________________
３.这些猫___________________________. ４. 那些狮子___________________________.
５.这只山羊___________________________ ６. 那支蓝钢笔___________________________.
二.将下列句子译成英语．
１.那些铅笔是李明的___________________________
２.这红衣服是你妹妹的吗？___________________________?
３.这是个好老师？___________________________?
疑问代词 词义 例句
who “谁” Who wants to go with me?
whom who 的宾格形式，“谁” To whom are you talking?
whose who 的所有格，“谁的” Whose book is this?
what what “什么” What’s your father? ---He is a worker.
which Which “哪一个”，指在一定范围内特指的人或物 Which one do you like best?
1. Can you tell me_________book it is?
2. —_________is your father?
— He is a teacher.
3. —?_________is the man in the car?
— He’s my brother.
4.?_________do you like better, spring or winter?
5. ______ is the population of the world today?
6. _______ jumped the longest of all in the long jump?
7. --- _______ colour is your mother’s dress?
? ---It’s black.
8. ---______ is your car?
? ---The red one in front of the tree.
9. ---______ of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle?
? ---I know, sir. It’s instruction.
who
whom
whose
which
that
1. some & any
相同点 均可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，表示“一些”
不同点 some 一般用于肯定句中，也可用于疑问句，表示提出建议或邀请，或希望得到肯定回答
any 一般用于否定句和疑问句，用于肯定句时表示“任何”
In this way they can make the trip with just _____________money.
There were __________ eggs in the fridge, you should buy some.
There’s _____ time left.Hurry up!
both 2都（复数） both...and...(复数)
either 2之一（单数） either...or...(就近原则)
neither 2都不（单数） neither...nor...(就近原则)
all ≥3都（复数）
none ≥3都不（复数）
Each boy havs a dictionary. 每个孩子都有字典
Every boy havs a dictionary 所有孩子都有字典

each (常与of连用) every(不直接与of连用)
两者或以上的每一个人或物 三者或以上每一个人或物
each和”every+名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式
不定代词 意义 用法说明
other 泛指别的 后可+名词，也可不加
the other 两者中的另一个 后可以有名词，常与one连用，构成one...the other...
others 泛指别的人或物 是other的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），后无名词，可以构成some...others...结构
the others 特指其余所有的人或物 是the other的复数形式，特指其余所有的人或物
another 任何一个，另一个 指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作形容词或代词
another特殊用法：another+基数词+可数名词=基数词+more+可数名词
I need another five apples.= I need five more apples.
He has two brothers.One is a doctor，________is a teacher,
I don’t like this one. Show me ________.
3. -Which of the two T-shirts would you like to choose?
-Both.Then I can give one to my brother and leave _____ to myself.
A. another B. the other C. other
1. -There isn’t ____ fish in the fridge，we need to buy ____ for supper.
-Mom,wait for me.I’ll go with you together
A.some,some B. some,any C. any,some
2. As we know，Mango TV has made many TV plays by themselves.______ of them is popular with youth.
Each B. Every C. Everyone
3. Although all the girls have tried their best , only ___ pass the exam.
A. few B. a few C. a little
4. Don’t worry .There is ____ time left .
A. little B. a little C. few
5. You are so great! ____ people in the school can do it .
A. A little B. Little C. Few
7. Either Tom or the twins __ the way to the shop.
A. know B. knows C. finds
8. Neither you nor I ___ a scientist.
A. is B. are C. am
9. Both Tom and Mary ___ hard.
A. studies B. study C. studying
10. The students are all from Foshan . They ___ like their city .
A. both B. all C. either
11. Lucy and Lily ___ agree with us.
A. all B. both C. neither
12. How are your parents ? They are ____ fine.
A. both B. all C. no
14. Tom and Mary have arrived, but __ in your class aren't here yet. ? A. the others ?? B. others?? C. the other??
15. One of the sides of the road should be painted yellow, and___ white.
A. the other B．another C. others
16. This pair of trousers is too short. Would you please show me ___ one.
?????A. other?? ?B. others??? C. another????


【敲黑板儿】:
1. 复合不定代词做主语的时候，谓语动词用________.
2. 当形容词或else 修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词之后,也就是_____________.
3. 复合不定代词不能和 of 连用。
body 代人 thing 代物 one 代人
every
some
any
no
1. everyone = everybody, anyone = anybody, 只指人，不能与of短语连用；
every one, any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of连用才可以。
Is anybody here? 有人吗？
You can take any one of these. 你可以随便拿一个。
2. no one 和 none 的用法
no one 只能指人，none 既可指人，也可指物.
There is _________ in the room.
注意：“ none of +复数名词”，在句中作主语时，后面动词用单复数均可。
None of us is a student. =None of us are students.
【敲黑板儿】
1. Do you have _____ to do this evening?
A. important something B. anything important C. something important
2. _____ is watching TV . Let’s turn it off .
A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody
3. Would you like ___? I can get it for you .
A. something else B. anything else C. everything else
4. --Never giving up is an attitude to difficulty.
--In our life，there may be ______ .Believe in yourself,you will succeed.
A.something difficult B.diffcult something C.anything difficult
表示相互关系的代词，叫相互代词，例如：each other, one another。它们都有数和格的 变化。其所有格形式为each other's, one another'。
People here, old and young, respect each other.(one another)这里的人不管是老的，少的，都互相尊重。
Don't speak to each other in class. (one another) 课上不要互相说话。
The couple know well each other's habit. 这对夫妇非常了解彼此的习惯。
注意：相互代词的所有格没有复数，不能使用 each others 或one anothers'，只能使用 each other's 或 one another's 的形式。
They received each other's letters every other month. 他们每隔一个月收到一次彼此的信件。
类别
人称
人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第一人称 单数
复数
第二人称 单数
复数
第三人称 单数
单数
单数
复数