初中英语数词专项讲解及练习

数词专题
知识点一：数词的定义
英语中用来表示事物的数量或顺序的词叫做数词。
知识点二：数词的分类
根据数词的特征，可将英语中的数词分为两大类，分别为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词。
根据数字是否为整数，又可将它分为整数、分数和小数；
根据数字所表示的数是否确定，还可以分为定数和概数。
知识点三：基数词
1.基数词从1到12是独立的单词，要分别记忆。如2__________，12__________。
2.
13到19均是在个位数后加-teen构成。如：13___________，15____________。
3.
20到90表示整十的基数词均是在个位数后加-ty构成。如：40__________，90__________。
4.表示“几十几”要在个位数与十位数之间加连字符“-”。如：59_______________。
5.表示“几百几十几”要在百位数与十位数之间加and。如：262________________________。
6.英语中没有“万”和“亿”?这两个数量单位，要按十进位法来推算。如ten
thousand________，
ten
million___________，一亿____________________。
总结：巧记基数词口诀
1至12分别记，13至19都带-teen，
整十后面要用-ty，连字符用于几十几，百位以上and连
知识点四：略数表达法
1.当hundred，thousand，million，billion，dozen等前面有具体的数词（one,
two,
three…）时，后面既不能加s，也不能加介词of。如：
There
are
___________________（两千）students
in
our
school.
2.
hundred，thousand，million，billion，dozen等前面没有具体的数词，则在其后加s和介词of，表不确定的数量或形容数量之多。如：
hundreds
of成百的，好几百hundreds
and
hundreds
of成百上千的
thousands
of?数以千计的tens
of
thousands
of千千万万的
millions
of数百万的dozens
of?许多
长城是由数百万石头砌成的。The
Great
Wall
is
made
of
________________
stones.
3.若表示特定的数目，可在hundred、thousand后加of。如：
There
are
seven
hundred?students
in
this
school.Three
hundred
of?them
/
the
students
are
girls.
该校有700名学生，其中女生有300名。
知识点五：基数词变序数词
【记忆口诀】基变序，有规律，词尾多加th。一、二、三，特殊记，词尾字母t、d、d。
八减t，九去e，f来把ve替。逢十改y为ie，后跟th莫忘记。
若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。
1.一、二、三的序数词需要特殊记忆：one
_________,
two___________,
three_____________。
2.八只加h，九去掉e后再加th：eight__________,
nine__________。
3.五和十二先将ve变成f，再加th：five___________,
twelve___________。
4.整十的基数词（10除外），均将y变成ie，再加th：twenty____________,
fifty___________。
5.表示二十以上的基数词只变个位数（整十除外）：thirty-one______________。
6.其他情况一般都是在基数词词尾加th：four____________,
hundred______________。
知识点六：分数的构成与巧读
分数是由基数词和序数词组合而成的：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，
分母则用复数形式。如：
1/2
a
/
one
half（一般不读作a
second，因为容易误以为“一秒钟”）
1/3
one
third
3/5
three
fifths
1/
4
a
quarter
/
one
fourth
记忆口诀：英语分数不费事，“母序分基”四个字；分子若是大于一，分母还须加s。
【注】分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与后面的名词一致：当名词是可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数；当名词是不可数名词或可数名词单数时，谓语动词用单数。如：
In
our
class,
two
fifths
of
the
students
________（is
/
are）boys.
Three
fourths
/
quarters
of
the
meat
________（has
/
have）gone
bad.
知识点七：百分数的读法与用法
90％读作ninety
percent
/
per
cent
55％读作fifty-five
percent
/
per
cent
【注】百分数作主语时，谓语动词也要与后面的名词保持一致。如：
More
than
70％of
the
earth
________（is
/
are）covered
with
water.
Thirty
percent
of
the
students
in
our
class
________（is
/
are）girls.
知识点八：时间表达法
时间表达法，英汉有异同；顺读时一样，逆读有不同；
先分钟后点钟，half、quarter记心中；
三十分钟内，past来使用；超过三十分，to来先前冲。
2:00
two
/
two
o’clock
2:15
two
fifteen
/
a
quarter
past
two
2:30
____________________________2:40___________________________
知识点九：年代表达法
年代以十记，s加上去；前加介词in，定冠莫忘记。
在20世纪90年代（1990-1999）：in
the
1990s或in
the
1990’s
在19世纪80年代（1880-1889）：______________________________
知识点十：年月日表达法
1.年份：大多每两位数一读，但有特殊。如：
1949年读作nineteen
forty-nine1900年读作nineteen
hundred
1901年读作nineteen
o
one2000年读作two
thousand
2012年读作two
thousand
and
twelve
/
twenty
twelve
2.可以先月后日，日要用序数词。如：
5月1日读作May（the）first，写作May
1st
3月8日读作March（the）eighth，写作March
8th
3.也可以先日后月，日也要用序数词。如：
5月2日读作the
second
of
May，写作2nd
May
3月3日读作the
third
of
March，写作3rd
March
4.年份前要用逗号隔开。如：
1949年10月1日，可写作?October
1st,
1949或1st
October,
1949
1981年2月8日，可写作____________________________
知识点十一：年龄段表示法
年龄段用“in
+?形容词性物主代词?+?数词的复数形式”来表示。如：
in
my
twenties?在我二十几岁时（20-29）?in
her
sixties在她六十几岁时（60-69）
Marx
began
to
learn
foreign
languages
______________________（在他五十几岁时）.
【注】“十几岁”要用in
one’s
teens而不是in
one’s
tens。
知识点十二：算式表达法
1.加法：基数词+
and
/
plus
+基数词+
is
+总数
Seven
and
/
plus
eight
is
fifteen.（7+8=15）
2.减法：基数词+
minus
+基数词+
is
+总数
Ten
minus
two
is
eight.（
）
3.乘法：基数词+
times
+基数词+
is
+总数
Nine
times
three
is
twenty-seven.（
）
4.除法：基数词+
divided
by
+
基数词+
is
+总数
Thirty-two
divided
by
four
is
eight.（
）
【注】如果问“一加三等于多少”，可用What
/
How
much
is
one
plus
three？
知识点十三：量词的使用
特点一：英语量词词组所表示的数或量，大致可归纳为四种类型，即定量、不定量、大量和少量。
1．表示定量的量词词组，譬如：
a
couple
of（两个、一对）—a
couple
of
days，a
couple
of
players，a
couple
of
times
a
cupful
of（一满杯）—a
cupful
of
jelly，a
cupful
of
water
a
portion
of（一份／客）—a
portion
of
duck，a
portion
of
roast
beef
2．表示不定量的量词词组，譬如：
a
majority
of（大多数／大半）—a
majority
of
opinions，a
majority
of
votes
an
atom
of（一点）—an
atom
of
food，an
atom
of
truth
a
spell
of（一阵／一段时间）—a
spell
of
fine
weather，a
spell
of
coughing
3．表示大量的量词词组，譬如：
a
flood
of—a
flood
of
ink（洋洋大篇），a
flood
of
tears（泪如泉涌）
a
heap
of—a
heap
of
earth（一堆泥土），a
heap
of
customers（许多顾客）
a
mountain
of—a
mountain
of
debts（债台高筑），a
mountain
of
difficulties（困难重重）
4．表示少量的量词词组，譬如：
a
drop
of—a
drop
of
fever（有点热度），a
drop
of
dew（一点露水）
a
particle
of—a
particle
of
feeling（一丝感情），a
particle
of
dust（一点灰尘）
a
shadow
of—a
shadow
of
doubt（一点怀疑），a
shadow
of
freedom（一点自由）
特点二：有些数量词组修饰可数名词，有些数量词组修饰不可数名词，还有些则两者均可修饰。
1．修饰不可数名词的量词词组，譬如：
a
bit
of—a
bit
of
English（一点英语），a
bit
of
good
advice（一些好意见），a
bit
of
interest（一点兴趣）
a
shred
of—a
shred
of
evidence（一点证据），a
shred
of
cloth（少量布），a
shred
of
reputation（一点声誉）
a
sheet
of—a
sheet
of
glass（一块玻璃），a
sheet
of
water（一片汪洋）
2．修饰可数名词的量词词组，譬如：
a
cluster
of—a
cluster
of
flowers（一簇花），a
cluster
of
spectators（一群观众），a
cluster
of
bright
stars（闪烁群星）
a
string
of—a
string
of
pearls（一串珠子），a
string
of
curses（连续不断的咒骂），a
string
of
excuses（一连串借口）
a
scram
of—a
scram
of
mosquitoes（一群蚊子），a
scram
of
geese（一群鹅），a
scram
of
children（一群孩子）
3．修饰（不）可数名词的量词词组，譬如：
a
body
of—a
body
of
bees（一群蜜蜂），a
body
of
cold
air（一股冷空气），a
body
of
facts（许多事实）
a
block
of—a
block
of
ice（一大块冰），a
block
of
flats（一幢公寓），a
block
of
houses（一排房子）
a
chain
of—a
chain
of
ideas（一系列想法），a
chain
of
accidents（一连串事故），a
chain
of
proof（一连串证据）
特点三：有些数量词组的搭配是固定的，而有些搭配则比较灵活。
1．搭配固定的量词词组，譬如：
a
barrel
of—a
barrel
of
beer（一桶啤酒），a
barrel
of
crude
oil（一桶原油）
a
basket
of—a
basket
of
eggs（一篮鸡蛋），a
basket
of
apples（一篮苹果）
a
line
of—a
line
of
trees（一行树），a
line
of
poetry（一行诗）
2．搭配较灵活的量词词组，譬如：
a
piece
of—a
piece
of
paper（一张纸），a
piece
of
furniture（一件家具），a
piece
of
equipment（一台设备）
a
round
of—a
round
of
spirit（一巡酒），a
round
of
diplomatic
talks（一轮外交谈判），a
round
of
toast（一片烤面包）
a
bar
of—a
bar
of
chocolate（一块巧克力），a
bar
of
soap（一条肥皂），a
bar
of
light（一束光）
课堂练习
数词专项练习(一)
(
)
1.
Lincoln
was
born
on
________.
A.
February
12,
1809
B.
1809,
February
12
C.
1809,
12
February?
D.
February
1809,12
(
)
2.
A
_______
boy
can
sing
the
English
song
very
well.
A.
ten-year-old
B.
ten
years
old
C.
ten-year-old
D.
fifth
years
old
(
)
3.
An
hour
later,
_____
minister
was
sent
to
see
the
“magic
cloth”
woven
by
those
two
men.
A.
two
B.
the
second
C.
the
two
D.
second
(
)
4.
Abraham
Lincoln
was
_______
President
of
the
United
States.
A.
16
B.
the
16
C.
16th
D.
the
16th
(
)
5.
Do
you
think
there
is
any
room
for
us
________
?
A.
two
B.
the
two
C.
second
D.
the
second
(
)
6.
---How
many
students
are
there
in
your
class?
---
________.
A.
Twenty
nine
B.
Thirty
and
two
C.
Forty-five
D.
fifties
(
)
7.
Which
number
is
wrong?
_______.
A.
Ninety
B.
Ninteen
C.
Ninth
D.
Nineteenth
(
)
8.
The
People’s
Liberation
Army
was
founded
_______.
A.
on
August
1,
1927
B.
in
1927,
1
August
C.
on
August
1st,
1927
D.
in
August
1,
1927
(
)
9.
The
number
4,123
is
read
_______.
A.
four
thousand
one
hundred
and
twenty-three
B.four
thousand
and
one
hundred
twenty-three
C.
four
thousand
and
a
hundred
and
twenty-three
D.
four
thousands
a
hundred
and
twenty-three
(
)
10.
The
old
professor
still
works
hard
though
he
is
_________.
A.
in
his
sixty
B.
in
his
sixties
C.
in
sixtiesD.
in
the
sixty
(
)
11.
This
classroom
is
________
ours.
A.
three
times
big
as
B.
as
three
times
big
as
C.
three
times
as
big
as
D.
as
big
three
times
as
(
)
12.
The
basketball
team
of
our
school
ranks
________
in
the
match.
A.
three
B.
third
C.
the
three
D.
the
third
(
)
13.
Which
is
the
car
that
he
drives?
It’s
________.
A.
fifty
two
B.
the
fifty-two
cars
C.
the
car
fifty
four
D.
the
fifty-fourth
car
(
)
14.
Which
of
the
following
is
wrong?
________.
A.
He
is
a
fifteen-year-old
boy.
B.
He
is
at
the
age
of
15.
C.
He
is
a
boy
of
15.
D.
He
is
fifteen
year
old.
(
)
15.
Our
school
is
not
very
big.
There
are
only
________
students.
A.
nine
hundreds
of
B.
nine
hundred?
C.
nine
hundreds??
D.
nine
hundred
of
(
)
16.
----How
many
new
words
are
there
in
________
lesson?
----There
are
only
_________.
A.
five;
fifth
B.
fifth;
five
C.
the
fifth;
the
five
D.
the
fifth;
five
(
)
17.
________,
Coca-Cola
began
to
enter
China’s
market.
A.
In
1970’s
B.
In
1970s
C.
In
the
1970s’
D.
In
the
1970s
(
)
18.
There
was
no
bus
in
that
small
town.
We
had
a
________.
A.
ten
miles
walk
B.
ten-mile
walk
C.
ten
mile’s
walk
D.
tenth
mile
walk
(
)
19.
Today
is
the
first
day
and
________.
A.
Tuesday
is
fourth
B.
Thursday
is
the
fourth
C.
second
is
Tuesday
D.
a
second
is
Thursday
(
)
20.
Which
room
do
you
live
in?
________.
A.
The
201
Room?
B.
Room
201??
C.
Room
201st?
D.
The
201’s
Room
(
)
21.
How
many
magazines
do
you
have?
I
have
________.
A.
two
B.
both
C.
twice
D.
the
second
(
)
22.
Three
hundred
thousand
one
hundred
and
seventy
means
________.
A.
3,170
B.
3,117
C.
300,170
D.
30,170
(
)
23.
On
May
________,
________
people
traveled
round
the
country.
A.
the
first,
millions?
B.
the
first,
millions
of?
C.
first,
the
millionth?
?D.
first,
millions
(
)
24.
________
of
them
are
dining
at
school.
A.
Twelve
B.
Twelfth
C.
The
twelve
D.
the
12th
(
)
25.
It’s
7:17
is
read
________.
A.
seven
and
seventeen
B.
seven
seven
C.
seven
one
seven?
D.
seven
seventeen
(
)
26.
Four
________
two
is
two.
A.
plus
B.
minus
C.
times
D.
divided
by
(
)
27.
Three
________
five
is
eight.
A.
plus
B.
minus
C.
times
D.
divided
by
(
)
28.
Three
________
seven
is
twenty-one.
A.
plus
B.
minus
C.
times
D.
divided
by
(
)
29.
Forty-two
________
seven
is
six.
A.
plus
B.
minus
C.
times
D.
divided
by
(
)
30.
There
are
________
days
in
a
year.
A.
three
hundred
sixty
and
five
B.
three
hundred
and
sixty-five
C.
three
hundreds
and
sixty-five
D.
three
hundred
sixty-five
(
)
31.
There
are
________
students
in
that
school.
A.
two
thousand
eight-six
B.
two
thousand
eighty-six
C.
two
thousand
and
eighty-six
D.
two
thousands
and
eighty-six
(
)
32.
It
took
me
________
to
get
there.
A.
two
hours
and
a
half
B.
two
hours
and
half
C.
two
hour
and
a
half
D.
two
hour
and
half
(
)
33.
September
is
_________
month?
of
the
year.
A.
the
nineth
B
.
the
ninth
C.
nineth
D.
ninth
(
)
34.
Please
pass
me
_______
book
on
the
left.
A.
third
B.
three
C.
the
third
D.
the
three
(
)
35.
________
is
a
very
tall
boy.
A.
The
twelve
B.
The
twelveth
C.
The
twelfeth
D.
The
twelfth
(
)
36.
We
have
known
each
other
for
________.
A.
a
year
and
half
B.
a
year
with
half
C.
a
year
and
a
half
D.
a
year
with
a
half
(
)
37.
“What
year
is
it?”
“It’s
________.”
A.
nineteen
hundred
and
ninety-seven??
B.
nineteen
and
ninety-seven
C.
nineteen
ninety
and
seven?????????
D.
nineteen
ninety-seven
(
)
38.
“What’s
the
date
today?”???
“It’s
_________.”
A.
Tuesday
B.
June
Fourth
C.
June
the
four
D.
June
the
fo
urth
(
)39.
The
train
from
Shanghai
will
arrive
________.
A.
in
quarter
past
six?
B.
in
a
quarter
past
six?
C.
at
quarter
past
six?
D.
at
a
quarter
past
six
(
)
40.
My
friend
was
born
on
_________.
A.
three
of
July,
1979
B.
the
third
of
July,1979
C.
1979,
July
the
third
D.
1979,
the
third
of
July
(
)
41.
________
is
less
than
________.
A.
One-third;
two-thirds
B.
One-third;
two-third
C.
First-three;
first-threes
D.
One-t
hird;
one-three
(
)
42.
Which
lesson
did
you
learn
yesterday?
_
_______.
A.
Lesson
Seven
B.
Lesson
seventh
C.
The
7
Lesson
D.
7
Lesson
(
)
43.
“What’s
the
date
today?”
“It’s
_______.”
A.
the
fourth
of
may
B.
the
fourth
May
C.
May
four?
D.
May
the
fourth
(
)
44.
334
is
read
________.
A.
three
hundreds
and
thirty
four
B.
three
hundreds
thirty
four
C.
three
hundred
and
thirty
fourth
D.
three
hundred
and
thirty-four
(
)
45.
In
February,
there
are
only
_________
days.
A.
twenty
nine
B.
twenty-nineth
C.
twenty-nine
D.
twenty
eight
(
)
46.
There
will
be
a
comedy
on
TV
at
________
this
evenin
g.
A.
seven
past
thirty
B.
half
past
seven
C.
seven
the
thirty
D.
thirty
to
seven
(
)
47.
It
took
me
________
to
find
out
the
key
to
the
drawer.
A.
one
and
half
hours
B.
one
and
a
half
hours??
C.
one
and
a
half
hour
D.
one
and
half
hour
(
)
48.
I’m
so
tired
after
________
walk.
A.
three
hours
B.
three
hours’
C.
three
hour’s
D.
three
hour
(
)
49.
There
are
________
stars
in
the
sky.
A.
million
of
B.
millions
of
C.
the
million
D.
a
million
of
(
)
50.
the
street
is
________
wide.
A.
two
meters
B.
two
meter
C.
the
two
meter
D.
a
two
meter
数词专项练习(二)
(
)1.
Tuesday
is
the
_______
day
of
a
week
in
English.
A.
first
B.
fifth
C.
third
D.
fourth
(
)2..
There
are
_______
seasons
in
a
year
in
our
country.
A.
two
B.
four
C.
second
D.
fourth
(
)3..
The
game
of
_______
Olympics
will
be
held
in
Beijing
in
2008.
A.
29
B.
the
29th
C.
the
29
D.
29th?
(
)4.
Most
of
the
stars
are
much
more
bigger
than
the
sun.
But
they
are
____
light
years
away
from
us.
A.
thousand
B.
thousands
C.
thousand
of
D.
thousands
of
(
)5.
_______
of
the
surface(表面)
of
the
earth
is
covered
with
water.
A.
First
third
B.
Two
thirds
C.
One
three
D.
Two
three
(
)6.
There
are
_______
people
in
my
family.
We
live
on
the
_______
floor
in
a
tall
building.
A.
five,
six
B.
fifth,
sixth
C.
fifth,
six
D.
five,
sixth
(
)
7.
Boys
and
girls,
we
are
going
to
learn
_______
today.
A.
Four
Lesson
B.
the
fourth
lesson
C.
the
Lesson
Four
D.
the
Four
Lesson
(
)8.
My
lovely
daughter
is
_______.
A.
eight
years
old
B.
eight-year-o
ld
C.
eight
year
old
D.
eight-years-old
(
)9.
The
flood
happened
_______.
A.
in
the
summer
of
1998
B.
in
the
summer
of
1998s
C.
in
1998
of
the
summer
(
)10.
February
28
should
be
read
as
_______.
A.
February
of
the
28th
B.
February
of
28
C.
28
of
Feb
ruary
D.
the
28th
of
February
(
)11.
---
How
s
oon
will
you
finish
your
work????
---
In
about
_______.
A.
one
and
a
half
month
B.
one
month
and
a
half
C.
one
and
half
a
month
D.
a
month
and
half
(
)12.
We
will
have
a
_______
holiday.
What
about
going
to
Suzhou?
A.
five
days
?B.
five
day??C.
five-day???
?D.
five-days
(
)13.
We
are
sure
the
_______
century
will
bring
us
more
hopes.
A.
twentieth-first
?B.
twentieth-one?C.
twenty-one?
?D.
twenty-first
(
)14.
---
What
is
1/2
and
1/3?
---
It’s
_______.
A.
2/5
?B.
1/5
C.
5/6
D.
4/6
(
)15.
At
the
age
of
_______,
he
had
his
own
lab.
A.
thirty
B.
thirtieth
C.
the
thirtieth
D.
the
thirty
(
)16.
Five
times
five
is
_______.
A.
five
B.
zero
C.
ten
D.
twenty-five
(
)17.
_______
are
in
the
army.
A.
Two
their
sons?
?B.
Their
two
sons?C.
Their
sons
two??
?D.
Two
sons
their
(
)18.
My
sister
is
a
student
of
_______.
A.
the
First
Class
B.
Class
One
C.
One
Class
D.
Class
First
(
)19.
The
boy
can
count
from
one
to
_______.
A.
hundred
B.
a
hundred
C.
one
hundreds
D.
hundreds
(
)20.
Their
house
is
about
_______
as
big
as
ours.
A.
times
three
B.
three
time
C.
time
three
D.
three
times
(
)21.
---
Would
you
like
some
fruit,
madam?
---
Oh,
yes.
_______,
please.?
A.
5
kilo
bananas
B.
5
kilos
of
bananas
C.
5
kilo
of
bananas
D.
5
kilos
of
banana
(
)22.
This
building
is
for
a
_______.?
A.
family
of
three
B.
three
people
C.
three
peoples
family
D.
three
people’s
family
(
)23.
Ten
and
five
is
_______.
A.
five
B.
fifty
?C.
fifteen
D.
two
(
)24.
There
are
_______
in
a
day.
A.
24
hours
B.
12
hours
C.
four
hours
D.
365
hours
(
)25.
Look
at
the
table.
Tom
wants
to
buy
a
hamburger,
a
large
coke
and
an
ice-cream.
How
much
will
he
pay?
Hamburger
$
2.60
Orange
juice
$
1.20
Hot
dog
$2.15
Coffee
$1.50
Ice-cream
$2.00
Water
$0.50
Popcorn
$1.00??
Large
coke
$1.00
A.
Three
dollars
and
sixty
cents.
B.
Five
dollars
and
thirty-five
cents.
C.
Five
dollars
and
sixty
cents.
D.
Two
dollars.
课堂练习：
数词专项练习(一)
1.
A
2.
C
3.
B?
4.
D
5.
A
6.
C
7.
B
8.
A
9.
A
10.
B
11.
C
12.
D
13.
D
14.
D
15.
B
16.
D
17.
D
18.
B
19.
B
20.
B
21.
A
22.
C
23.
B
24.
A
25.
D
26.
B
27.
A
28.
C
29.
D
30.
B
31.
C
32.
A
33.
B
34.
C
35.
D
36.
C
37.
D
38.
D
39.
D
40.
B
41.
A
42.
A
43.
D
44.
D
45.
C
46.
B
47.
B
48.
B
49.
B
50.
A
数词专项练习(二)
76-80
CBBDB
81-85
DBAAD
86-90
BCDCA?
91-95
DBBBD
96-100
BACAC