人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit 1 What's the matter单元同步训练（含解析）

人教新目标英语八年级下册
Unit 1 What's the matter?单元同步训练
一、单项选择题（下列选项中只有一个选项满足题意）
1．—Alan, you danced so well in the party. Who taught you?
—Nobody. I learned it by ______.
A．you B．yourself C．me D．myself
2．—I'm afraid I won't pass the exam.
—Come on, Bill. You should believe in _______. That's the secret of success.
A．myself B．ourselves C．yourself D．yourselves
3．—Who teaches ________ French?
—Nobody, I learn it by ________.
A．your; mine B．you; myself C．your; myself D．you; me
4．—What’s the matter with you, Tom?
—I’ve got a ________. I want to see the dentist.
A．toothache B．headache C．cough D．fever
5．— Do you want me to help you, Tom?
— No, thanks. I can make it ________.
A．myself B．herself C．himself D．yourself
6．—Did you go shopping when you were in Hong Kong last week?
—Yes, I bought some gifts for my parents, but nothing for _______.
A．myself B．yourself C．himself D．herself
7．I’m new in the city. My mother told me to take care of ________.
A．me B．my C．mine D．myself
8．Smoking is a bad habit and it may cause cancer. You should _______.
A．give it up B．put it up C．get it up
9．—I have great ________ in learning English and I’m so worried. Could you help me?
—Sure, I’d love to.
A．trouble B．interest C．advice D．fun
10．— I’m so sad. I lost the tennis game yesterday.
— Never ________ hope, Mary. I believe you can do better next time.
A．look up B．put up C．give up D．make up
11．—What a beautiful kite! Did you make it by _________?
—No. My father helped me make it.
A．themselves B．yourself C．yourselves D．myself
12．Many students these days have lots of worries, but they try to keep them to ________.
A．them B．themselves C．their D．they
13．It’s very ___________ for me to understand the ___________ of wildlife.
A．important; important B．important; importance C．importance; important D．importance; importance
14．—Our teacher wants us to be confident(自信的) when we talk with the foreigners.
—Yes, we should believe in ________.
A．myself B．ourselves C．themselves D．himself
15．Today I ___________ and I can't eat anything.
A．catch a cold B．have a toothache C．have a meeting D．cough a lot
二、完型填空
A group of fifteen－year－old children are holding a charity sale(慈善义卖). The money raised at the charity sale will be used 16 their classmate Li Xia. Li Xia is a(n) 17 girl. 18 she has to get around in a wheelchair, Li Xia never 19 . And she is always ready to help others.
Recently a piece of news about Li Xia has spread fast. Some kind people gave Li Xia a helping 20 and her classmates decided to raise money to show their love for her.
“Li Xia has a good chance 21 ， but she needs an operation which will 22 lots of money，” Li Xia's doctor said.
“I 23 thought that I could stand up one day. The news is 24 for me. However, when I see my parents are 25 the cost of the operation, I am sad. I am used to my life now. And I won't 26 even if I can't stand up，” Li Xia said. “Now my classmates and some other kind people are helping me. I am really thankful. If I stood up one day, I would try my best to help more people.” “We have also learned a lot 27 Li Xia. We have learned 28 to make cookies and how to sell them，” one of Li Xia's classmates said. “Now we know making money is hard, so we won't 29 money anymore.”
Zhang Tong, a boy in Li Xia's class, told a reporter that they could raise about 100 yuan every day. “We have raised about 21，000 yuan 30 . We hope we will raise more money，”said Zhang Tong.
16．A．help B．to helping C．helped D．to help
17．A．lovely B．shy C．disabled D．outgoing
18．A．Since B．Because C．When D．Although
19．A．gets up B．puts up C．gives up D．takes up
20．A．hand B．gift C．smile D．idea
21．A．stand up B．to stand up C．stood up D．standing up
22．A．spend B．pay C．save D．cost
23．A．never B．always C．often D．sometimes
24．A．bad B．strange C．boring D．exciting
25．A．sad B．excited about C．interested in D．worried about
26．A．forget B．believe C．mind D．leave
27．A．to help B．helping C．helped D．help
28．A．where B．why C．when D．how
29．A．receive B．share C．waste D．make
30．A．as well B．so far C．at last D．in time
三、阅读理解
What are you going to do if you are in a burning house? How will you escape? Do you know how to save yourself? Please read the following passage.
Escaping from a fire is a serious matter. Knowing what to do during a fire can save your life. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family, such as stairways and fire escapes, but not lifts.
From the lower floors of the buildings, escaping through windows is possible. Learn the best way of leaving through windows with the least chance of serious injury.
The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground. An average（普通的）person, hanging by the fingertips, will have a drop of about six feet to the ground. It is about the height of an average man. Of course, it is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building.
Windows are also useful when you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed. Or smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may leak（渗）into the room.
On the second or third floor, the best windows for escape are those that open onto a roof. From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely.
Dropping onto cement（水泥）ground might end in injury. Bushes（灌木丛）and grass can help to break a fall.
31．It is important to ________.
A．put out the fire in the burning house B．know the ways to escape from the fire
C．jump off a burning house D．keep the door open
32．It is possible to escape through the windows ________.
A．if there are some bushes on the ground B．if you are strong enough
C．if you live on a lower floor D．if you have a long rope
33．Which of the following escaping ways is NOT right?
A．You can escape through stairways.
B．You can choose fire escapes.
C．You can escape from the windows that open onto a roof.
D．You can use a lift to come down at once.
34．Keep your head low at the window so that ________.
A．you can get fresh air B．you can call for help
C．you can easily jump off D．you can be seen first
35．The test title of the passage is “________”
A．Escape from the windows B．Save yourself in a burning house
C．Knowledge on fire D．Wait for help
四、用单词的正确形式完成句子
careful become bad somewhere me
36．Did you go _________ interesting during this National Day Vacation?
37．I believe I can do it by ________.
38．You can get good grades if you listen to the teacher _________ in class.
39．Tom did much ________ than any other student in this geography exam.
40．Our country is _________ more and more beautiful.
五、完成句子
41．宽厚里是一个济南人休闲逛街的好去处。
Kuanhouli is a good place for people to ____________ ____________ and have fun in Jinan.
42．多亏了王先生和乘客，这个男人被医生们及时救治了。
_______ ______ Mr Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time.
43．-你怎么啦？ -我胃疼。
-__________________- I have a stomachache.
44．但是当他的水用完时，他知道他不得不做一些事情来挽救他的生命。
But ________his water ________ _______, he knew that he would ________ ________ ________ _______ to save his life.
45．司机看到一位老人正躺在路边。
The driver______an old man ______on the side of the road.
六、书面表达
假设你叫张翔，是一名初二学生。你们英语老师让同学们在课堂上准备一个英语演讲，主题是“How to deal with accidents”，请你根据下表内容，写一篇英语演讲稿。
意外事故
处理办法
做饭烫伤手
首先把手放在冷水中10分钟；然后用干净的手巾盖上烫伤处；赶紧去看医生
遇到火灾
用湿手巾捂住口和鼻子，贴近地面，尽快出去；
绝不要回到着火的房子里拿东西；
拨打119，……
拨打120，……
要求:
1.包含所有给出的信息，可适当发挥;
2. 80词左右开头和结尾已给出.不计入总词数。
Hi, everyone. Here are my tips on how to deal with some accidents._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．D
【详解】
句意：——艾伦，你在派对上跳得真好。谁教你的？——没有人教我。我是自学的。
考查反身代词。you你（们），人称代词主格或宾格；yourself你（们）自己，反身代词；me我，人称代词宾格；myself我自己，反身代词。根据空前的learned it by可知，此处是考查learn sth by oneself自学，排除选项A和C；结合本句的主语是I可知，空处应该用myself。故选D。
2．C
【详解】
句意：——我担心我考试过不了。——加油，比尔。你应该相信你自己。那是成功的秘密。
考查反身代词。myself我自己；ourselves我们自己；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己。联系句意可知是鼓励对方要相信自己，主语是you，为保持前后语法意义一致，故排除A、B；再根据前面的“Bill”可知是单数，所以应该用yourself。故选C。
3．B
【详解】
句意：——谁教你法语？——没有人，我自己学的。
考查代词。your你的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；you你，人称代词主格或宾格；myself我自己，反身代词；me我，宾格；第一空作动词“teach”的宾语，故用宾格，排除选项A和C；结合回答中“Nobody”可知，第二空表达的是“自学”，英语是learn by oneself，句子主语是“I”，所以这里用myself“我自己”，故选B。
4．A
【详解】
句意：——你怎么了，汤姆？——我牙疼，我想去看牙医。
考查名词辨析。toothache牙疼；headache头疼；cough咳嗽；fever发热。根据“I want to see the dentist.”想去看牙医，可知应是牙疼，故选A。
5．A
【详解】
句意：——你想让我帮你吗，汤姆？ ——不用了，谢谢。我可以自己做。
考查反身代词。myself我自己；herself她自己；himself他自己；yourself你自己。根据上文“Do you want me to help you”可知，此处是汤姆回答自己能搞定，不用帮忙。故选A。
6．A
【详解】
句意：——上周你在香港时，你去购物了吗？——是的，我给父母买了一些礼物，但没有给我自己买。
考查反身代词。myself我自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；句子主语是第一人称I，所以此处说的是我自己，故选A。
7．D
【详解】
句意：我新到这个城市。我的母亲告诉我要照顾好我自己。
考查反身代词。me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词。根据“told me to take care of”可知表达“告诉我要照顾好我自己”，用反身代词myself。故选D。
8．A
【详解】
句意：吸烟是个坏习惯，可能会致癌。你应该放弃它。
考查动词短语辨析。give up放弃；put up张贴；get up起床。根据“Smoking is a bad habit and it may cause cancer.”判断，吸烟有害健康，应该是放弃吸烟。故选A。
9．A
【详解】
句意：——我在学习英语方面有很大的困难，我很担心。你能帮我吗？——当然，我很乐意。
考查名词辨析。trouble麻烦，问题；interest兴趣；advice建议；fun高兴，乐趣。根据“Could you help me? ”可知，是在某方面有困难，have trouble in doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，故选A。
10．C
【详解】
句意：——我太伤心了。昨天我网球比赛失败了。——不要放弃希望，玛丽。我相信下次你一定可以做得更好。
考查动词短语。look up查阅；put up张贴；give up放弃；make up编造。根据“I believe you can do better next time”可知此处是告诉玛丽不要放弃。故选C。
11．B
【详解】
句意：——多么漂亮的风筝！你自己做的吗？——不。我爸爸帮我做的。
考查反身代词。themselves他们自己；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；myself我自己。固定搭配：by oneself“独自”，反身代词要与主语在人称上保持一致，主语“you”表示“你”，所以反身代词用yourself，故选B。
12．B
【详解】
句意：现在很多学生都有很多烦恼，但他们尽力保守秘密。
考查代词辨析及固定搭配。them他们，人称代词宾格；themselves他们自己，反身代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；they他们，人称代词主格。keep sth. to oneself表示“保守秘密；不与他人分享”，固定短语，此处应填反身代词。故选B。
13．B
【详解】
句意：对我来说理解野生动物的重要性是很重要的。
考查important和importance的区别。important重要的，形容词；importance重要性，名词，根据固定句型It’s+形容词+for sb.+to do sth“对于某人来说做……是……的”，所以第一个空用形容词important，排除C和D，the importance of……为固定搭配，意为“……的重要性”，第二个空用名词importance，排除A，故选B。
14．B
【详解】
句意：——我们的老师希望我们在和外国人交谈时要自信。——是的，我们应该相信我们自己。
考查反身代词。myself我自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己；himself他自己。反身代词要与主语在人称上保持一致，根据主语“we”，可知，此空应填ourselves，故选B。
15．B
【详解】
句意：今天我牙疼，吃不了任何东西。
考查动词短语。catch a cold感冒；have a toothache牙疼；have a meeting举行会议；cough a lot咳嗽得厉害；根据下文“and I can't eat anything.”可知，上文是牙疼。故选B。
16．D17．C18．D19．C20．A21．B22．D23．A24．D25．D26．C27．A28．D29．C30．B
【分析】
这篇短文讲述的是一个中学生李霞，因患有大脑性瘫痪，只能依靠轮椅来走动。而她的同学们正在举行慈善促销的活动，来帮她筹钱做手术，让她能够再站起来。还有一些好心人也帮助李霞。所以李霞感到自己很幸运，有这么多好心人的帮助。
16．句意：慈善义卖筹集的钱将用来帮助他们的同学李霞。be used to do sth.被用来做某事，故答案选D。
17．句意：李霞是个残疾的女孩。A. lovely可爱的； B. shy害羞的；C. disabled残疾的；D. outgoing性格外向的。根据下文中的句子she has to get around in a wheelchair,她必须坐轮椅四处走动，由此判断李霞是个残疾人，答案为C。
18．句意：虽然李霞必须使用轮椅来帮助她四处走动，但是她从来没有放弃。A. Since自从；B. Because因为；C. When当……的时候；D. Although虽然，尽管。结合前后语境理解可知，前后句表示转折关系，although, but只能出现一个，故这里应该选D。
19．句意：虽然李霞必须使用轮椅来帮助她四处走动，但是她从来没有放弃。A. gets up起床；B. puts up举起，张贴；C. gives up放弃；D. takes up从事。根据上文的文意可知，李霞患有大脑性瘫痪，虽然她得用轮椅来四处走动，但是她没有放弃上学。故选C。
20．句意：有些人向李霞伸出援助之手，她的同学们决定筹款来表达对她的爱。A. hand手；B. gift礼物；C. smile微笑；D. idea主意。根据文意可知，当人们听说了李霞的事情的时候，都来帮助她，她的同学们也为她筹钱。这里give sb. a hand 是一个固定的短语，意思是帮某人一把。故选A。
21．句意：李霞有站起来的机会，但是这需要做手术，而手术需要花费很多钱。have a good chance to do sth.有做某事的好机会，动词不定式作定语，故答案为B。
22．句意：但是这需要做手术，而手术需要花费很多钱。A. spend花费；B. pay付款；C. save节约；D. cost花费。spend, pay当“花费”讲，主语是人；cost当“花费”讲，主语是物，故答案选D。
23．句意：我从来没想过我有一天能站起来。A. never从不；B. always总是； C. often经常；D. sometimes有时候。根据下面李霞所说的话可知，她从来没想过能站起来，因为做手术需要花费很多钱，而她不想让父母为她担心。故选A。
24．句意：这个消息对我来说是很令人兴奋的。A. bad坏的；B. strange奇怪的；C. boring无聊的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据前文内容可知，医生说李霞通过手术有站起来的机会，这个消息令人兴奋，故答案为D。
25．句意：但是当我看到父母为手术的而忧虑时，我很难过。A. sad悲伤的；B. excited about对……感到兴奋；C. interested in对……感兴趣；D. worried about为……忧虑。手术需要高昂的费用，父母会为医药费而忧愁，答案为D。
26．句意：我已经适应了我的生活，即使不能站起来我也不介意。A. forget忘记；B. believe相信，认为；C. mind介意；D. leave离开。根据李霞所说的话可知，她不想让父母因为她做手术的事情而焦虑，所以她并不介意是否真的能站起来。故选C。
27．句意：我们也学到了很多帮助李霞的东西。learn to do sth.学习做某事，故答案选A。
28．句意：我们已经学会了如何制作蛋糕和如何出售它们。A. where哪儿； B. why为什么；C. when当……的时候；D. how如何。根据介意可知，李霞的同学们在帮助李霞的同时，自己也学到了很多，包括怎样做蛋糕。故选D。
29．句意：现在我们知道了赚钱是不容易的，所以我们不会再浪费钱了。A. receive收到；B. share分享；C. waste浪费；D. make制作。根据上文的意思可知，李霞的同学们在帮助李霞筹钱的同时，知道了赚钱不容易，所以以后不会再浪费钱了。故选C。
30．句意：到目前为止我们已经筹集了大约2.1万元。A. as well也；B. so far到目前为止；C. at last最后；D. in time及时。根据后面的句子“We hope we will raise more money”可知，资金筹集还在进行中，还没有结束，因此只能说到目前为止，答案为B。
【点睛】
完形填空题与单项选择题不同，它给出的是一篇意思较为完整的短文。做该题型试题时，首先应跳过空格通读全文，以全文为背景，联系句子的上下文进行推理和判断，从4个选项中选出一项进行试填。考生可以从词义用法、固定搭配、逻辑推理和上下文的联系等方面去考虑。最后应再把全文通览一遍，细心检查所选答案能否使短文上下连贯，前后呼应，词句通顺，使短文意思完整。检查时还应从语法、惯用法、逻辑推理和事情发生的情节等方面进行考虑，以达到准确无误之目的。第3小题是考查连词辨析，需结合前后句的语境去理解两个句子之间存在着什么样的关系，第14小题是考查动词辨析，根据上文的意思可知，李霞的同学们在帮助李霞筹钱的同时，知道了赚钱不容易，所以以后不会再浪费钱了。故选C。
31．B32．C33．D34．A35．B
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了如何从火灾中自救的讨论。
31．
细节理解题。根据文中“Knowing what to do during a fire can save your life. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family”可知，知道如何从火灾中逃生是很重要的。故选B。
32．
细节理解题。根据文中“From the lower floors of the buildings, escaping through windows is possible.”可知，如果居住在较低的楼层，从窗户逃生是可能的。故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据文中“It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family, such as stairways and fire escapes, but not lifts.”可知，发生火灾时从电梯逃生的方法不可取，故选D。
34．
细节理解题。根据文中“Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may leak（渗）into the room.”可知，在窗边低着头能使你呼吸到新鲜空气。故选A。
35．
标题归纳题。文章的开头以问句的形式点出了主题，后面所有内容都是围绕如何从火灾中自救来展开讨论，因此，B项最适合作本文标题。故选B。
36．anywhere
37．myself
38．carefully
39．worse
40．becoming
【解析】
36．
句意：今年国庆节假期期间你去了一些有趣的地方吗？动词go后接表示地点的副词，somewhere在某处，此处是一般疑问句，因此用anywhere，故填anywhere。
37．
句意：我相信我能独自做到。by oneself独自地，因此用me的反身代词myself， 故填myself。
38．
句意：如果你课上认真听老师讲课，你可以取得好成绩。结合句意，上课认真听老师讲课，修饰动宾短语listen to the teacher，用careful的副词，故填carefully。
39．
句意：这次地理考试汤姆比其他同学考得差得多。根据than可知，此处用比较级，bad的比较级worse修饰did，故填worse。
40．
句意：我们的国家正变得越来越漂亮。more and more beautiful是形容词，因此谓语用系动词become，根据句意，我们的国家正变得越来越漂亮，因此用现在进行时，故填becoming。
41．go shopping
【详解】
空处表示“购物”，可用go shopping表示，用于不定式结构中使用动词原形，故填go；shopping。
42．Thanks to
【详解】
表示“多亏了”用短语thanks to。故此处为Thanks to。
43．What’s the matter?
【详解】
表示“怎么啦？”故为What’s the matter?
44．when ran out have to do something
【详解】
when 表示“当……时”，run out“用完”，叙述发生过的事，用一般过去时，故为ran out。have to do something 不得不做一些事情，位于情态动词would后，作谓语，用动词原形，故为have to do something。故填when；ran；out；have；to；do；something。
45．saw lying
【详解】
see sb doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”，此处叙述发生过的事，故用一般过去时，故为saw, lying。
六．例文
Hi, everyone. Here are my tips on how to deal with some accidents.
If you burn your hands when you cook, first keep your hands in cold water for ten minutes, and then cover the burn with a clean towel and go to see the doctor quickly. If your building is on fire, you should cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel. Stay low to the ground and try to get out as soon as possible. Never go back into the burning building for anything. Don't try to put out the fire by yourself. Remember to call 119. If anyone is hurt in the fire, you should call 120.
I hope my tips will be of some help to you.
【详解】
1.题干解读：本文是一篇讲稿作文。主题是“How to deal with accidents”，根据表格内容，写一篇英语演讲稿。注意要点要齐全，可适当发挥。
2. 写作指导：本文主要采用第二人称来展开写作，时态主要用一般现在时。第一段引出主题；第二段分别叙述两种意外事故下的处理办法；第三段收尾。语言的表述要符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；层次要分明、条理要清晰。