人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit 1 What's the matter单元跟踪训练（含解析）

人教新目标英语八年级下册
Unit 1 What's the matter?单元跟踪训练
一、单项选择题（下列选项中只有一个选项满足题意）
1．—Did you buy anything for yourself in Beijing last month？
—No, I didn’t buy anything for _______.
A．you B．yourself C．yourselves D．myself
2．—What did you do on the farm, Dennis?
—I fed chickens by ________. It was exciting.
A．me B．my C．mine D．myself
3．No one helped me. I finished the work by ________.
A．myself B．me C．my
4．— Who bought the birthday cake for you?
—Oh! My daughter made it by _________.
A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself
5．—Tom, what’s the matter with you?
—I ________. I ate too much last night.
A．have a headache B．hurt my leg C．cut myself D．have a stomachache
6．I don’t know how to protect _______ in the fire.
A．herself B．yourself C．myself D．himself
7．— You can speak English so well. Who taught _______?
—I teach ________.
A．you, yourself B．you, myself C．yourself, myself
8．—Whose toy plane is that in the sky?
—It's my brother's. Look! He is controlling it with a remote control.
A．creating B．operating C．selling
9．An ________ happened last night. Many houses fell down and many people died in it.
A．accident B．activity C．earthquake D．electricity
10．—Why was Mr. Wang angry with Li Tao?
—Because he lost ________ in playing games late at night.
A．he B．him C．himself D．his
11．We should be nice ______ our friends.
A．to B．for C．in D．off
12．Help _________ to some juice, boys and girls.
A．yourself B．himself C．herself D．yourselves
13．—What about joining a basketball club?
—I'd love to, but I'm afraid it will ________ too much time.
A．take up B．put up C．give up D．open up
14．—Who________ your pet dogs while you were out for a holiday?
—My neighbor, a warm-hearted woman.
A．put on B．looked after C．gave up D．take up
15．Mike enjoyed ____________ at his friend's birthday party last night.
A．he B．him C．himself D．his
二、完型填空
Few people like changing their habits, good or bad Whether it is smoking, drinking or overeating, they 16 “ enjoying” them to the end.
On every packet of cigarettes(香烟), people are warned against the 17 of smoking: “Warning: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health.” 18 , millions of them start smoking or go on smoking. Why?
Facts show that families and surroundings(环境) play a very important part in 19 smokers.All those smokers come from smoking families or have smoking 20 or relatives. Films and TV plays also play a part. People 21 their "heroes" on TV drinking alcohol (酒) or 22 cigarettes.
“Heroes seem to fear 23 , neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes. 24 they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking, why 25 common people be afraid?
The simple warning on the cigarette packet does not influence 26 habits. Even stronger warnings, like showing pictures of smokers who have died of cancer, don't seem to 27 .
Knowing and believing seem to be two 28 things.
If smoking is really as 29 as doctors say, it is time for smokers to think about it and try to give it 30 !
16．A．stop B．continue C．finish
17．A．dangers B．excuses C．chances
18．A．Moreover B．Also C．However
19．A．influencing B．explaining C．improving
20．A．parents B．brothers C．friends
21．A．hear B．catch C．watch
22．A．smoke B．smoking C．to smoke
23．A．something B．nothing C．anything
24．A．If B．When C．Because
25．A．might B．shall C．should
26．A．smoker B．smoker’s C．smokers’
27．A．make B．work C．do
28．A．different B．pleasant C．similar
29．A．harm B．harmful C．more harmful
30．A．away B．out C．up
三、阅读理解
Every year, nearly a million children in the world die because of unintentional injuries（意外伤害）, and the biggest killer is the traffic accident, according to a report from the Worldwide Health Organization.
The report says that traffic accidents, falling into water, fires, falls, and poisoning（中毒）are the five major causes of unintentional injuries. About 830000 children under 18 die and millions of children are injured every year.
The World Health Organization finds that roads are the most dangerous places for children, especially in developing countries. Because children in these countries haven’t learned about the dangers of road traffic, they are often not ready for the new roads that might be built through their villages.
In Asia, deaths are most often caused by bikes. It is usual to see a whole family on one bike in counties such as Vietnam. When they are knocked over, they will be badly injured and some may even die.
In the United States and other Western countries, injuries from road traffic accidents have been cut down through the use of safety seats for children and other safety measures. However, traffic accidents are still a major cause of deadly（致命的） injuries.
31．How many children die from unintentional injuries in the world every year?
A．Nearly a thousand. B．A hundred.
C．A million. D．About a million.
32．How many kinds of unintentional injuries do we learn from the passage?
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
33．Where are the most dangerous places according to the passage?
A．Roads. B．Rivers. C．Houses. D．Bikes.
34．From the last paragraph we can learn that________.
A．there are no traffic accidents in the United States
B．traffic is a major cause of injuries in the United States
C．there are ways to cut the number of traffic accidents
D．people can only be injured by traffic accidents
35．The passage mainly tells us that __________.
A．fires are more dangerous than falls and falling into water
B．many children die from unintentional injuries every year
C．developing countries have more traffic accidents
D．unintentional injuries happen only in developing countries
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
36．He made a ________(decide) not to go to Beijing this summer.
37．Do you know the ______(important) of learning English well now?
38．Without my parents' help, you should look after ________. (you)
39．You must look after _____(you) well while I'm away, Tom.
40．Don’t worry. I’m old enough to think for ________ (I).
五、完成句子
41．作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。
As a mountain climber, Aron ________ ________ ________ taking risks.
42．-你怎么啦？ -我胃疼。
-__________________- I have a stomachache.
43．这次事故之后阿伦没有放弃，现在他继续爬山。
Aron did not________ ______after the accident and_____ ______ ______mountains today.
44．今他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。
________ ________ ________，they all________ ________ ________with him.
45．在这本书中，阿伦讲述了做好的决定和掌握自已命运的重要性。
In this book. Aron tells of ________ ________________________ good ________ and of ________ ________ ________ one’s life.
六、书面表达
随着阳光体育运动在全国的开展,“每天锻炼一小时,健康工作50年,幸福生活一辈子”的理念深入人心,校园里出现了可喜的变化:运动时间延长了,运动项目增加了,学生体质增强了,校园生活丰富了。请以“Sports in Our School”为题给校刊写一篇报道。
要求:
(1)80词左右,可适当发挥;
(2)文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称等相关信息。._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．D
【详解】
句意：——上个月你在北京给你自己买什么东西了吗？——不，我没给自己买任何东西。
考查代词用法。you你，人称代词主格，宾格；yourself你自己，反身代词；yourselves你们自己，反身代词；myself我自己，反身代词。根据问句“Did you buy anything for yourself in Beijing last month？”和回复可知，“我并没有给自己买东西”，主语是I，反身代词用myself。故选D。
2．D
【详解】
句意：——丹尼斯，你在农场干什么了？——我自己喂鸡。这是令人兴奋的。
考查代词辨析。me我，人称代词宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词。by oneself“单独，独自”，固定短语，故此处应为反身代词myself。故选D。
3．A
【详解】
句意：没人帮我。我独自完成了工作。
考查反身代词。myself我自己；me我；my我的。根据“No one helped me”，可知，没人帮我，我独自完成的，by oneself“独自”，故选A。
4．C
【详解】
句意：——谁给你买的生日蛋糕？——哦！我女儿自己做的。
考查反身代词。myself我自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己；句子主语是“My daughter”，所以此处指的是“她自己”，所以用herself表示，故选C。
5．D
【详解】
句意：——汤姆，你怎么了？——我胃痛。我昨晚吃了太多。
考查动词短语辨析。have a headache头疼；hurt my leg伤了我的腿；cut myself割到我自己；have a stomachache胃痛。根据“I ate too much last night.”可知，吃多了应该是胃痛，故选D。
6．C
【详解】
句意：我不知道在火灾中如何保护自己。
考查反身代词。herself她自己；yourself你自己；myself我自己；himself他自己。本句主语是I，所以是“我自己”，故选C。
7．B
【详解】
句意：——你英语说得真好。谁教你的？——我自学的。
考查代词用法。you你，人称代词主格，宾格；yourself你自己，反身代词；myself我自己，反身代词。第一个空作taught的宾语，因此用人称代词宾格；第二个空teach oneself表示“自学”，回答中主语是I，反身代词用myself。故选B。
8．B
【详解】
句意：——天空中那架玩具飞机是谁的？——是我哥哥的。看！他正在用遥控器控制它。
考查动词辨析。control控制；create创造；operate操作；sell卖。分析“He is controlling it with a remote control.”可知，此处表示用遥控器控制玩具飞机，故选B。
9．C
【详解】
句意：昨晚发生了地震。许多房子倒塌了，许多人死在里面。
考查名词词义辨析。accident意外，事故；activity活动；earthquake地震；electricity电。由后句“房子倒塌”和“人死亡”可知是发生了地震。故选C。
10．C
【详解】
句意：——王先生为什么生李涛的气？——因为他昨晚沉迷于游戏玩到很晚。
考查代词辨析。he他，主格人称代词；him他，宾格人称代词；himself反身代词，做宾语、表语、同位语；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词。lose oneself in沉迷于……，反身代词做宾语。故选C。
11．A
【详解】
句意：我们应该对我们的朋友好。
考查介词辨析。to对……；for因为，为了；in在……中；off远离。be nice to sb，意为“对某人友好”，故选A。
12．D
【详解】
句意：孩子们，请随便喝些果汁。
考查反身代词辨析。yourself你自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；yourselves你们自己；help oneself to sth.表示“随便吃/喝点……”；根据“boys and girls”可知，此处用复数反身代词，故选D。
13．A
【详解】
句意：——加入一个篮球俱乐部怎么样？——我想加入，但是我担心它会占太多时间。
考查动词短语辨析。take up占据；put up张贴；give up放弃；open up打开。根据“What about joining a basketball club”及“too much time”，可知，担心加入俱乐部会占太多时间，故选A。
14．B
【详解】
句意：——当你外出度假时，谁照看你的宠物狗？——我的邻居，一位热心的妇女。
考查动词短语词义辨析。put on穿上（衣服），增加（体重）； looked after照顾，照看；gave up放弃，投降；took up开始做。结合句意。故选B。
15．C
【详解】
句意：Mike 昨晚在他朋友的生日聚会上玩得很开心。
考查反身代词。he 他，人称代词主格；him 他，人称代词宾格；himself 他自己；his 他的。enjoy oneself是固定搭配，表示“玩得开心”，符合句意，故选C。
16．B
17．A
18．C
19．A
20．C
21．C
22．B
23．B
24．A
25．C
26．C
27．B
28．A
29．B
30．C
【分析】
文章大意：短文介绍很少有人喜欢改变他们的习惯，无论好坏。不管是抽烟、饮酒，还是过量地饮食，人们都坚持享受着自己的习惯直到终了。在每包香烟的包装上，都警告着人们吸烟的危害，那么为什么还是有那么多的人学抽烟、继续抽烟呢？事实表明，家庭和环境是人们抽烟的重要原因。简单的警告对有抽烟习惯的人没有用处。
16．句意：不管是抽烟、喝酒，还是过量饮食，人们都坚持享受着自己的习惯，直到终了。考查动词辨析及语境的理解。A. stop停止；B. continue继续；C. finish完成。根据上文Few people like changing their habits, good or bad可知，此处是人们不改变自己的恶习，继续享受着自己的习惯；“继续”continue，故答案选B。
17．句意：每一包香烟的包装上都警告人们不要吸烟。考查名词辨析及语境的理解。A. dangers危害、危险；B. excuses借口；C. chances机会。根据下文“Warming: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health.”可知，此处是警告吸烟的危害性，故答案选A。
18．句意：然而，数以百计的人学着抽烟或继续抽烟。考查副词辨析及语境理解。A. Moreover而且，含义递进；B. Also而且，含义递进；C. However然而，含义转折。根据：“Warming: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health.”___3___, millions of them start smoking or go on smoking.可知虽然香烟包上警示着抽烟的危害，但是还有那么多的人学抽烟、继续抽着烟，表示含义转折，所以用However；故答案选C。
19．句意：事实表明，家庭和环境在影响吸烟者方面起着非常重要的作用。考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. influencing影响；B. explaining解释；C. improving改进。根据Facts show that families and surroundings(环境) play a very important part in___4___smokers. 可知本段继续上段的意思，解释人们抽烟、学抽烟的原因，这些因素对抽烟者有影响，故答案选A。
20．句意：所有的这些吸烟者都来自吸烟家庭或有吸烟的朋友或亲属。考查名词辨析及语境的理解。A. parents父母；B. brothers兄弟；C. friends朋友。根据All those smokers come from smoking families or have smoking___5___or relatives.可知与本句中的家庭、亲属并列的是朋友，故答案选C。
21．句意：人们在电视上看着自己的心中的“英雄”饮酒、抽烟。考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. hear听到；B. catch抓住；C. watch看到。根据后面的on TV可知，人们通过电视应该是看到，故答案选C。
22．句意：人们在电视上看着自己的心中的“英雄”饮酒、抽烟。考查动词辨析及语境的理解。A. smoke烟、抽烟，原形；B. smoking抽烟，动名词；C. to smoke吸烟，动词不定式。由句中的or可知此处应和前面的drinking alcohol是并列关系，也要用动名词形式，结合选项可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。
23．句意：英雄们似乎什么也不怕。考查不定代词辨析及语境理解。A. something一些东西；B. nothing什么也不；C. anything任何事情。根据下文neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes.可知此处应是英雄们什么也不怕，故答案选B。
24．句意：如果他们不害怕抽烟和喝酒的危害。考查连词辨析及语境的理解。A. If如果；B. When当…时候；C. Because因为。根据下文why should common people be afraid?可知此处应该是表示一种假设的条件，如果“英雄们”不害怕抽烟和喝酒的危害，为什么普通人要怕，故答案选A。
25．句意：为什么普通人应当害怕呢？考查动词辨析及语境的理解。A. might可以；B. shall将要；C. should应当。根据If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking, why____common people be afraid?结合选项，推出句意：如果他们不害怕抽烟和喝酒的危害，为什么普通人应当害怕？故答案选C。
26．句意：香烟包装上的简单警告不会影响吸烟者们的习惯。考查名词辨析及语境的理解。A. smoker吸烟者；B. smoker’s吸烟者的；C. smokers’吸烟者们的。根据空格后面的habits，可知前面用smokers复数形式的名词所有格，以s结尾的名词所有格直接在其后加“’”，故答案选C。
27．句意：甚至是更强烈的警告，比如展示那些死于癌症的吸烟者的照片，似乎也不起作用。考查动词辨析及语境的理解。A. make制造；B. work工作；C. do做。don't work不起作用，故答案选B。
28．句意：知道和相信似乎是两种不同的事情。考查形容词辨析及语境理解。A. different不同的；B. pleasant令人高兴的；C. similar相似的。根据短文的观点看，知道吸烟有害健康，人们并不理会，继续抽着烟，说明知道与相信是两个不同的事，故答案选A。
29．句意：如果吸烟真的像医生说的那样有害的话。考查形容词辨析及语境理解。A. harm危害；B. harmful有害的；C. more harmful更加有害的。根据doctors say，以及下文it is time for smokers to think about it and try to give it____15____!说的是应该放弃吸烟，可知此处医生会说“吸烟对健康有害”；as…as“和…一样”，在该结构的两个as之间通常接形容词或副词的原级，所以B选项符合题意，故答案选B。
30．句意：是时候让吸烟者们考虑一下，试着戒烟了。考查介词辨析及语境的理解。A. away远离的；B. out外面的；C. up向上。根据上文If smoking is really as____14____as doctors say,如果吸烟真的像医生说的那样有害的话，推知这里是说应该放弃吸烟，give up固定短语，“放弃”，故答案选C。
【点睛】
解答完形填空首先要通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，最后根据语境，结合选项，选出正确答案。如，第6小题，根据后面的on TV可知，人们通过电视应该是看到，故答案选C。第15小题，联系上下文语境可推知这里是说应该放弃吸烟，give up固定短语，“放弃”，故答案选C。
31．D
32．C
33．A
34．C
35．B
【分析】
本文主要讲述了每年，世界上近一百万儿童死于意外伤害，最大的杀手是交通事故。报告显示，交通事故、落水、火灾、跌落和中毒是意外伤害的主要因素。作者分析了一些引发交通事故的原因，一些国家通过采取一些安全措施，道路交通事故造成的伤害已经在减少。但是交通事故仍然是一个致命的因素。
31．
细节理解题。根据文中“Every year, nearly a million children in the world die because of unintentional injuries”可知，每年有近一百万儿童死于意外伤害，故选D。
32．
细节理解题。根据文中“The report says that traffic accidents, falling into water, fires, falls, and poisoning（中毒）are the five major causes of unintentional injuries.”可知，意外伤害主要有五大主要起因，故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据文中“The World Health Organization finds that roads are the most dangerous places for children”可知，对儿童来说，道路是最危险的地方。故选A。
34．
主旨大意题。根据文中“In the United States and other Western countries, injuries from road traffic accidents have been cut down through the use of safety seats for children and other safety measures.”可知，主要是告诉我们美国采取方法减少交通事故的发生，故选C。
35．
主旨大意题。根据文章的开头“Every year, nearly a million children in the world die because of unintentional injuries（意外伤害）, and the biggest killer is the traffic accident, according to a report from the Worldwide Wealth Organization.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要讲述了每年都有大量的儿童死于意外事故，故选B。
36．decision
【详解】
句意：他决定今年夏天不去北京。make a decision to do sth决定做某事，故此处用名词decision。
37．importance
【详解】
句意：你现在知道把英语学好的重要性了吗？the是定冠词，后接名词；形容词“important 重要的”的名词形式为“importance 重要性”，the importance of表示“……的重要性”，符合句意，故填importance。
38．yourself
【详解】
句意：没有我父母的帮助，你应该照顾好你自己。结合语境，空格处表达的是照顾自己，某人自己用反身代词表示，结合前面的“my”可知，此处you指的是“你”，是单数，对应的反身代词是yourself“你自己”，故填yourself。
39．yourself
【详解】
句意：汤姆，我不在时你必须好好照顾自己。主语为you，与所给词构成“互指关系”，用反身代词。故填“你自己”。故填yourself。
40．myself
【详解】
句意：别担心。我已经长大了，可以独立思考了。I“我”，人称代词主格；此处为think for oneself“独立思考”，故用其反身代词形式。故填myself。
41．is used to
【详解】
be used to doing sth习惯做某事，主语Aron是第三人称单数，故谓语用第三人称单数，故为is used to。
42．What’s the matter?
【详解】
表示“怎么啦？”故为What’s the matter?
43．give up keeps on climbing
【详解】
give up表示“放弃”，keep on doing sth表示“继续做某事”，此处位于助动词did not后，作谓语，用动词原形，故为give up。根据today可知此处用一般现在时，故为主语Aron是第三人称单数，故谓语用第三人称单数。故此处为give up，keeps on climbing。
44．To his surprise agreed to go
【详解】
to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，表示“今他惊讶的是”，故为To his surprise。agree to do sth“同意做某事”，go with“和……一起”，此处叙述发生过的事，故用一般过去时，故为agreed to go。故此处为To his surprise，agreed to go。
45．the importance of making decisions taking control of
【详解】
the importance of doing sth表示“做某事的重要性”，make good decisions表示“做好的决定”，take control of表示“掌握”。故填the；importance；of；making；decisions；taking；control；of。
六．例文
Sports in Our School
Sports in our school have changed a lot. Now we have more than three P.E. classes a week, and we have at least one hour to exercise every day.
Students get so excited at these changes. More and more students take an active part in the ball games, running, and jumping on the playground. Our school life is becoming more wonderful.
Doing sports is a good way to relax and keep fit. What's more, a healthy body can help us study better and live a happier life.
【详解】
1.题干解读：这个题目要求我们以Sports in Our School为题写一篇作文，介绍自己学校随着阳光体育运动的开展，发生的变化。题目里只笼统介绍了一些基本情况，学生们以在此基础上，联系实际生活再进行拓展，对此进行细致的介绍，把文章写得更具体、更充实。审题可知，短文应用一般现在时、第三人称来叙述。
2.例文点评：这是一篇优秀的作文，短文分成三段，第一段介绍了学校的变化；第二段介绍的是学生们对此的反应；最后一段总结了运动对身体健康的好处。结构清晰，内容完整、充实。短文中使用了正确的时态和人称，语法规范，用词准确。句式结构完整，以简单句为基础，也使用了并列句、非谓语动词、形容词比较级等高级句式。表达流畅，意思连贯。
3.高分亮点：
短语：more than；at least；take part in；What’s more；a good way to。
句型：Now we have more than three P.E. classes a week, and we have at least one hour to exercise every day.；More and more students take an active part in the ball games, running, and jumping on the playground.；Doing sports is a good way to relax and keep fit.。