2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习精讲精练课件代词（57张PPT)

2021年中考英语二轮语法专题复习课件
代词
1. 代词的考查, 对人称代词、物主代词及反身代词的考查尤为突出。题干以对话形式为主，词数在10到18词之间，应识记并灵活运用第一、二、三人称的各种变换形式。?
2. 对于不定代词的考查也不容忽视，应熟练掌握neither,?either,?both something,?anything,?everything,?nothing等的用法。
人称代词指代人或物，分为主格和宾格。
主格在句中充当主语；宾格在句中充当动词的宾语或表语、介词的宾语。
人称代词
/
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
主格
I
we
you
you
he
she
it
they
宾格
me
us
you
you
him
her
it
them
She is a good student.
I don’t know him.
Her mother is waiting for her outside.
-- Who is there?
-- It’s me!
主语
宾语
宾语
表语
几个人称代词充当主语时，它们的顺序是：
复数：you, he/she and I
单数：we, you and they
物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1.?形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，不能单独使用。
2.?名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，句中作主语、宾语、表语，可与of所有格连用。
物主代词
/
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
形容词性物主代词
my
our
your
your
his
her
its
their
名词性物主代词
mine
ours
yours
yours
his
hers
its
theirs
My parents are both teachers.
Her name is Lisa.
His idea is quite different from mine.
He is a friend of mine.
1.?反身代词表示“某人自己的”。
句中可用作动词或介词的宾语，也可用作主语或宾语的同位语，表示强调。
反身代词
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
himself
themselves
herself
itself
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
作宾语，位于动词或介词之后
Everyone celebrated the labour festival and enjoyed themselves.
作表语，位于系动词之后
The poor boy in the story was myself.
作同位语，位于名词或代词之后，或位于句末
England itself (it) is part of an island， and you are always near the sea.
2.?反身代词的固定搭配：
by oneself 独自 for oneself 为自己
enjoy oneself 过得愉快 teach oneself 自学
help yourself/yourselves to sth. 随便吃
dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
believe in oneself 相信自己
behave oneself 举止规矩
keep it to oneself 不把某事告诉别人
talk to oneself 自言自语
say to oneself 心里想
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A} 类别
人称　
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
第一
人称
单数
I
me
my
mine
myself
复数
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二
人称
单数
you
you
your
yours
yourself
复数
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三
人称
单数
he
him
his
his
yourselves
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
当选项为人称代词（I，you，she，he）、物主代词（my，
your，her，his）时，根据句子中的提示词或已给出的人称来判断空格处相应的代词。其中第一、二人称比较容易判断，第三人称的区分如下：
1. 若所填空指代的是题干中的lady，woman，mother， Miss， Mrs.， sister， aunt， girl， madam等代表女士的词或Lily， Lucy等女孩名时，应用与she相关的词；
人称、物主、反身代词
2. 若所填空指代的是题干中的gentleman， man， father， Mr.， brother， uncle， boy， sir等代表男士的词或
Jack， Tom等男孩名时，应用与he相关的词；
3. 若所填空指代的是题干中的some people， many students等表示第三人称复数的词时，应用与they相关的词。
一、单项选择。
1. —Excuse me, is this Alice’s pencil box?
—Yes, it is. It’s _____. (2020云南昆明)
A. mine B. ours C. hers D. theirs
2. You can ask _____ some questions by telephone. (2020广西桂林)
A. he B. him C. his
C
B
3. We enjoyed _____ at the English party last weekend. (2020广西百色)
A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves
D
4. This year President Xi Jinping wrote a letter to the young pioneers China to celebrate _____ 70th anniversary (周年纪念日). (2020湖北鄂州)
A. their B. them C. theirs D. they
5. Tu Youyou and Yuan Longping set good examples to young people. Everyone should be proud of _____. (2020山西)
A. us B. you C. them
A
C
6. —The scarf in your hand is colorful. Is it ______?
—Yes, but I’ll give it to my sister as ______ birthday present. She likes it very much. (2020四川自贡)
A. yours; hers B. your; hers C. yours; her
C
7. Don't ask what this country can do for you. Ask ________ what you can do for this country. （2020·湖北孝感中考）
A. yourselves B. you C. themselves D. them
A
8. Boys and girls, you should look after ______ when your parents are not at home. (2020重庆中考A卷)
A. himself B. herself C. yourselves D. themselves
9. You can’t taste Lu Xun’s writing style until you read his works for __________. (2020江苏盐城中考)
A. yourself B. myself C. himself D. itself
C
A
10. Li Lei and his cousin made some zongzi by _______ during the Dragon Boat Festival. (2020福建中考)
A. them B. they C. themselves
C
11. Mr. Jackson is a popular writer, and we all like reading _______ books. (2020北京中考)
A. his B. her C. their D. your
12.— Judy, is that boy with glasses ________ new classmate?
— Yes. Let's say hello to ________. (2020·贵州黔东南)
A. we; he B. us; himself C. ours; his D. our; him
A
D
二、根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上下文，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空只写一词。(2020·江苏苏州中考)
— Would you please tell me something about _________?
— OK. My name is Simon. I am studying at Sunshine Middle School.
yourself
三、短文改错。 (2020甘肃天水)
I pretended not to hear, but she didn’t mind and told me she wanted me to have a good rest. Then I understand hers. I love my mother.
her
四、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. (2020上海中考)
The boy started to live in school and learn to manage time by_________ . (he)
himself
五、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。(2020·江苏淮安)
Something is wrong with my father's new computer. It always turns ______ (it) off.
itself
六、Complete the sentences with proper forms of the words given.（2020·黑龙江大庆）
In the cartoon, Tom and Jerry make ____________ (they) at home, which causes a lot of trouble.
themselves
七、根据句意及汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空一词。(2020江苏镇江中考)
My sister's hero is Audrey Hepburn but my hero is different from _____(她的).
hers
八、根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。(2020·云南中考)
Great changes have taken place in________ hometown. (we)
our
九、 根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。(2020江苏盐城中考)
On Teachers’ Day, students usually make cards to thank _____ teachers.(they)
their
十、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容?(限1个单词)?或括号内单词的正确形式，使句子通顺完整。(2020湖南永州中考)
—My parents work in Yongzhou. What about ________ (you)?
—They work in Guangzhou. I'm going to visit them this summer holiday.
yours
常用的指示代词有this，that，these和those。
\
单数
复数
指近
this这；这个
these?这些
指远
that?那；那个
those?那些
指示代词
温馨提示：
1. that和those可用于比较结构来替代前面提到的名词，避免重复。
2.?打电话时用this介绍自己，用that询问对方。
it的用法
1) 上文所提到的那个事物，指代“同名同物”。
注意：one用来指代“同名异物”，即前面出现的名词或名词短语所表示的事物，并不是特指同一个事物。
e.g. This is a watch. It is new.
2) 指时间、天气、距离等。
e.g. — How’s the weather today?
— It’s sunny.
It’s eight o’clock in the evening.
3) 代替指示代词this或that。
e.g. What’ that? It is a pen.
4) 指代婴儿或不明身份的人。
e.g. Someone is knocking at the door. Please go and see who it is.
5) 可代替动词不定式作句中的形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于某些固定句式中。
It’s + adj. / n. (for sb./ of sb.) + to do sth.
(it作形式主语)
sb. find(s) / think(s) it + adj. + to do sth.
(it作形式宾语)
e.g. It’s necessary for us to learn English well.
?? ?She found it difficult to learn geography.
1. —Do you like English?
—Yes, but I think _____ is a great challenge to learn the language well. (2020湖南邵阳)
A. that B. this C. it
C
2. I bought a present for ____. I hope you like ____. (2020天津)
A. your; this B. yours; that
C. you; it D. you; one
C
3. —Linda, Mother’s Day is coming. What will you buy for your mother as a gift?
—I find scarves beautiful, so I plan to buy _____ for her. (2020辽宁营口)
A. it B. one C. this D. that
B
4. I found ________ difficult for me to finish the work on time. (2020湖南益阳)
A. that B. it C. this
B
翻译。(2020辽宁丹东)
不要扔掉这些旧书。
Don’t throw away these old books.
不定代词有：
some, any, one, no, both, neither, none, all, each, either, many, much, few, little, a few, a little, other, the other, others, the others, another以及由every, some, any, no构成的复合不定代词，如something, everything, nothing, anybody, somebody, nobody, everyone, someone等。
不定代词
1. both, all, either, any, neither, none
指代﹨词义
都
任何一个
都不
两者
both
either
neither
可数名词的三者或三者以上；不可数名词
all
any
none
2. one, another, the other, some, others, the others
?
一个/一些
另外一个/一些
剩余的一个/一些
单数
one
another
another+单数名词
the other
the other+单数名词
复数
some
other+复数名词
others
the other+复数名词
the others
3. none, nobody / no one, nothing
?
指代
用来回答
相当于
none
人或物
how many / how much
not a / an / any+名词；
no+名词
nobody /
no one
人
who
not anyone / anybody
nothing
物
what
not anything
4. many, much, few, little, a few, a little
所修饰的词
多
少(否定意义)
有一点儿
(肯定意义)
可数名词
many
few
a few
不可数名词
much
little
a little
5. some, any
some和any都可以修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，表示“一些……”
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}some
一般用于肯定句或表示请求、建议的疑问句中
David has some friends in?Shanghai.
Can I have some chicken??
any
一般用于否定句和疑问句中
Mary hasn’t got any pens.?
Has Tom got any cola??
可用于肯定句，表示“任何的，任一的”，后常接可数名词单数。
Any shirt here is very good.?
thing
复合不定代词
含义
用法
例句
something
某事；某物
常用于肯定句中
You can eat something first.
anything
某事；某物
常用于否定句及疑问句中
I didn’t eat anything for lunch.
Did you eat anything for lunch?
复合不定代词
thing
复合不定代词
含义
用法
例句
everything
一切
用于肯定句、否定句及疑问句中
Her son is everything to her.
Money isn’t everything.
How is everything?
nothing
没有什么
用于否定句中，相当于not anything
I have nothing to say now. = I don’t have anything to say now.
one
?
复合不定代词
含义
用法
例句
someone
某人
常用于肯定句中
I saw someone in that room.
anyone
某人
常用于否定句及疑问句中
I didn’t see anyone in the room.
Did anyone call me yesterday?
任何人
常用于肯定句中
Anyone can do that.
one
复合不定代词
含义
用法
例句
everyone
人人；大家
用于肯定句、否定句及疑问句中
Everyone is here today.
Everyone doesn’t like the food here.
Did everyone in your class go for a trip?
no one
没有人
常用于否定句中
No one wants to walk to the zoo.
注意:
1.?复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。
e.g. Everyone in this village is friendly.
2.?复合不定代词若有定语修饰时，定语要放在其后。
e.g. Let’s do something interesting.
He wants something to eat now.
3. something?也可用于期望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中。
e.g. Would you like something to drink?
一、单项填空。
1. —What would you like, ice cream or apple juice?
—________. One for my sister and the other for myself. (2020云南中考)
A. Neither B. All C. None D. Both
D
2.________ hopes for a sweet home as it provides us with warmth and trust. (2020江苏扬州中考)
A. None B. Everyone C. Nobody D. Somebody
B
3. —It’s unbelievable that 5G technology is progressing in such a rapid way!
—_______ is impossible. (2020湖北宜昌中考)
A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything.
C
4. — Have you asked _________ about the case?
— No, except Bob. (2020江苏镇江中考)
A. everybody B. anybody C. nobody D. somebody
A
5. —Sally, I have _______ exciting to tell you. We will go back to school soon.
—Great！(2020湖北恩施中考)
A. anything B. something C. everything
B
6. — Where did you buy that beautiful hat, from a shop or a supermarket?
— _____. I am used to shopping online. (2020山东滨州中考)
A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. None
A
7. —Do you want tea or coffee?
—__________ is OK. I really don't mind. (2020山东临沂中考)
A. Neither B. Both C. Either
C
8. I don't like the style of this T-shirt. Please show me ______ one. (2020江苏连云港)
A. either B. neither C. another D. other
C
9. The school offers two courses on computer technology. One is for beginners and _______ is for those who already have some basic knowledge. (2020湖南长沙中考)
A. other B. another C. the other
C
二、短文改错。（2020四川雅安）
每处错误皆用底线标出。（每小题只填一词，不得改变原句意思）
I didn’t know my mother was ill until my parents came back from the hospital. They all said the meal was very delicious.
both
(2020贵州铜仁中考)
下列短文的划线部分是错误的，请改正。
In order to keep fit, I will do any sports with my friends.
some
(2020甘肃天水)
I loved the film very much, so I didn’t move. After a while , I noticed that she didn’t say something.
anything
(2020黑龙江齐齐哈尔)
Have you ever clicked the praise sign for somebody?
anybody/anyone
三、根据所给汉语提示完成句子。 (2020甘肃武威中考)
阅读有趣的东西是学习语言的诀窍。
Reading ____________ _______________________ is the secret to language learning.
something interesting/fun/pleasant
四、句子翻译。 (2020江苏苏州中考)
不要开始这个项目，除非一切就绪。
Don’t start the project unless everything is ready.
疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what和which。疑问代词引导的问句为特殊疑问句，常位于疑问句的句首。
温馨提示：
who通常对表示人的主语、宾语、表语提问，whom对表示人的宾语提问。
疑问代词
疑问代词
主要用法
例句
who
谁
通常对表示人的主语、宾语、表语提问
Who wants to play with me?
whom
谁
对表示人的宾语提问
Whom are you waiting for?
whose
谁的
在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语
Whose scarf is this?
疑问代词
主要用法
例句
what
什么
均可就人或物提问，均可置于名词前作定语
在不确定范围内选择，用what，意为“什么”，作主语、宾语和定语。
What would you like to eat?
which
哪个
在明确的、已知的范围内选择，用which，意为“哪一个；哪一些”，作主语、宾语和定语。
Which season do you like best?
1. Mary is my English teacher _______ not only teaches me knowledge but also how to be a good person. (2020湖北恩施中考)
A. She B. which C. who
C
2. 根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词） (2020 广东广州中考)
我很好奇你字艺术节唱了那首歌。
I wonder ______ song ______ ______ at the art festival.
which you sang