不定代词课件---中考复习

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不定代词
Revision
不定代词不是指确定的对象,而且仅具有非确定特指含义,通常用作替代词.常用的不定代词：all,each,every,both,either,
neither,one,none,little,few,many,
much,other,another,some, any,no,以及由some,any,no,every组成的复合不定代词.
1. All “所有”,谈到三个或三个以上的人或物时以及在谈到不可数的事物时.当作主语指人时,谓语动词用复数形式;当作主语指物时,谓语动词用单数形式;当作定语时,它既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词.
All of us are interested in English.
All is going well.
They all went there and bought some books last week.
He told me all about it.
注意:All of us are not students.是”我们大家并不都是学生”之意.暗示:我们当中有一些是学生,有一些不是.句型Not all…或为All…not不完全否定句.
All
当all用作主语时,如果后面有人称代词,须在他们之间加上of,如果后面跟的是名词,他们之间可加of,也可不加.
All of them are from Beijing.
All students/All of the students have passed the exam.
All的位置：当谓语动词是实义动词时，all放在动词前面；谓语动词是be时，
放在be后面；当谓语动词是情态动词或助动词加实义动词时，放在他们之间。
They all know the answer.
They are all women.
They have all finished their homework.
You can all come to see me again next Monday.
当all用作人称代词宾语的同位语时,all放在宾语后面.如:you all,them all ,us all.
none 意为”没有一个人或东西”,在句中可以作主语,宾语及同位语,但它不能作定语. 1. ---Are there any maps on the walll ---None 2. I like none of these books
None of 后面只能接可数名词复数,但谓语动词用单,复数均可,
强调整体时谓语动词常用复数,强调个体时谓语动词常用单数.
None of these pictures are/is good.
None of them like it.
None of us has got a car.
注意:回答how many或how much问句时通常用none回答.
---How many students are there in the classroom
---None.
---Who is in the classroom
---No one/Nobody
none
Each强调个体, every强调整体.可以用作主语,宾语及同位语, every只能作定语.
Every student has got a new pen.
Each teacher is wearing a hat today.
We each have a new schoolbag now.
He gave two to each of them.
each 和every 均可作定语,后面的名词只能是单数可数名词,谓语动词只能用单数. each of后面必须接复数名词,但谓语动词只能用单数形式. Each of the girls is good at English.
every other day 每隔一天
both,either 和neither
both表示“两者都…”,作主语时谓语动词用复数,可以构成both…and的句型
Both of us are doctors.
You are both wrong.
Both the students are American
Both you and he are right.
both of …的否定式是Neither of…,
Both of them come from Japan.
Neither of them comes from Japan
either表示两者中的任何一个,在句中可用作主语,宾语和定语,用作定语时后面只接单数名词.
1.---Would you like a cup of tea or a glass of water
---Either will do.
2. There are many trees on either side of the river.
either 可以构成either…or…,表示或者…或者…,要么…要么…
Either Tom or Jack will stay at home tomorrow.
either还可以作副词,意为”也”,用在否定句中.
Neither 表示两者都不,在句中可作主语,宾语和定语,作定语时只能接单数可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数.
1.Neither of the students is fifteen.
2. ---Do you know Jack and Tom
---No,I know neither of them.
3. ---What about the two books
---Neither book is interesting.
neither…nor…表示既不…也不…,连接两个主语时,谓语
动词与后面的名词或代词一致.both…and…的否定式是
Neither…nor…,
Neither you nor she speaks Japanese.
Both Mr.Li and Mrs.Zhang are OK.
Neither Mr.Li nor Mrs.Zhang is OK.
Little,a little和few,a few
Little few表示”很少,几乎没有,”a little,a few表示”有一些”. Little和a little后接不可数名词, few和a few后接可数名词复数.他们在句中可作主语,宾语和定语.
I have a few books but I have few pencils.
---Can you speak English
---Yes,I can speak a little.
There is little water in the bottle,is there
当句子前面有only时,后面只能用a little和a few,即:only a few=very few(几乎没有几个),only a little=very little(几乎没有,很少)
He can speak only a little Chinese.
other 和another
Other”别的,其他的”.当它前面有定冠词时,后面跟一个单数或复数名词,当它前面没有定冠词时,后面必须跟复数名词.
This seat is free,the other seat is taken.
She always thinks of other people /others and never thinks of herself
Another 意思是”另外一个,再一个”, another前面不能用定冠词the,它作为限定词与单数名词连用,但它后面跟基数词或few时,后面的名词必须用复数.
Please give me another umbrella. This one is too old.
We need another ten chairs.
We need another few days before I finish this book.
分述三个或三个以上的人或物时,其句型是one…another…the third…the fourth…
She has four books.one is an English book,another is a history one, the third is a physics one, and the fourth is a picture-book.
分述两样东西或人时,常用句型”one…the other”
She has two sons. One is a worker, the other ia a farmer.
一般情况，some用在肯定句；any用在否定句和疑问句。当some用在疑问句，表示邀请、请求、建议等；any用在肯定句表示任何一个
Some people like pop music.（肯）
He went to some place in Europe. “某个”
some, any+可数／不可数
May I have some water （请求）
Why don’t you take some apples （建议）
Do you have any questions （疑）
There isn’t any tea left. I ‘ll go and make some for you.（否）
You can ask me any question at any time. （任何一个）
some,any,no,every组合的复合不定代词.
当主句中的主语是指人的复合不定代词如everybody,everyone,anyone等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词they;当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词如everything,anything,something,nothing 等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词it.
Everybody is here ,aren’t they
Everything is ready,isn’t it
当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面.
I have something important to tell you.
We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else
everyone的意思等同与everybody,只能指人;every one既可指人也可指物, 还可以和of短语连用.
Everyone /Every one likes Mary.
I have kept every one of her letters.
it
It is raining heavily.(天气)
It is already five o’clock.（时间）
It is a long way from here.（距离）
It took us four years to write this book.（形式主语）
改错
Tom's mother is taller than my.
2.We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish them.
3.He and you should go to the library to return the books.
3.He or his brother is doing their homework.
Tom's mother is taller than mine.
We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish it.
You and he should go to the library to return the books.
He or his brother is doing his homework.
5. His brother is taller than him.
6. Myself did it yesterday.
7. Take care of ourselves.
8. Please bring your daughter with yourself.
Please bring your daughter with you.
Take care of yourselves .(yourself)
I myself did it yesterday./I did it myself yesterday.
His brother is taller than he.
9. Make yourself home.
10. —　Who's this speaking.
—　That's Mary.
11. It is so a good book that everyone likes to read.
12. I want to buy a same dictionary as yours.
I want to buy the same dictionary as yours.
It is such a good book/ so good a book that everyone likes to read.
—　Who's that speaking.—　This is Mary.
Make yourself at home.
13. —　I hope she might pass the exam.—　I don't hope so.
14. —　He studied very hard this term.— So she did.
15. — English is difficult to learn.— So is it.
16. Everyone should do one's best.
Everyone should do his best.
— English is difficult to learn.— So it is.
— He studied very hard this term.— So did she.
—　I hope she might pass the exam.—　I hope not.
17. — Who won the game — None.
18. There are many trees on either sides of the street.
19. Either you or I are right.
20. I have three sisters. Neither of them is a doctor.
I have three sisters. None of them is a doctor.
Either you or I am right.
There are many trees on either side of the street/on both sides of the street.
— Who won the game — No one.
21. He doesn't like Beijing opera. I don't like too.
22. We like both this little boy.
23. We each has a ticket for the concert.
24. Every of us has to pass the exam.
Each of us has to pass the exam.
We each have a ticket for the concert.
We both like this little boy.
He doesn't like Beijing opera, I don't like either.
25. Everyone of us should do housework two hours a day.
26. I should read English everyday.
27. There are trees on every sides of the street.
28. All my parents are engineers.
Both my parents are engineers.
There are trees on each side of the street.
I should read English every day.
Every one of us should do housework two hours a day.
29. All of students might make some mistakes.
30. The all village was flooded.
31. The post office is on other side of the street.
32. There are ten students here .Where are the others students
There are ten students here.Where are the others/ the other students
The post office is on the other side of the street.
All the village was flooded.
All of the students /All students might make some mistakes.
33. The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, another is a doctor.
34. Some people like sports. The others like reading.
35. Please remember to water the flowers each other day.
36. Many know him， but few likes him.
Many know him, but few like him.
Please remember to water the flowers every other day.
Some people like sports. Others like reading.
The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.
37. You have few friends, haven't you
38. Much of what you said are true.
39. This room is enough large for the students to live in.
40. I want any books to read. Do you have any
I want some books to read. Do you have any
This room is large enough for the students to live in.
Much of what you said is true.
You have few friends, do you
41. Would you like any thing to drink
42. Someone want to meet you.
43. New York is much colder in winter than before.
44. Be careful. Don't drink too many.
Would you like something to drink
Someone wants to meet you.
It is much colder in New York in winter than before.
Be careful. Don't drink too much.
41.The days in summer are longer than this in winter.
The days in summer are longer than those in winter.