2022届高三英语一轮复习人教版2019选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of achievement 分层训练（含答案）

Unit
1　People
of
achievement
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Are
you
ready
to
make
a
long-term
　　　　(commit)??
2.They
have
arrived
at
a
solution
via
a
　　　　(science)
investigation.?
3.We
need
to
be
　　　　(object)
when
doing
research.?
4.He
is
a
great
　　　　(novel)
for
he
described
the
characters
in
the
novel
as
if
he
had
met
them
face
to
face.?
5.We
can
draw
a
　　　　(conclude)
that
he
left
England
with
the
intention
of
travelling
in
Africa.?
6.He
was
　　　　(apparent)
much
surprised
at
the
news.?
7.The
damage
is
usually
more
serious
on
the
first
plant,but
the
neighbours,　　　　(relative)
speaking,stay
safer
because
they
heard
the
alarm
and
knew
what
to
do.?
8.Thanks
to
your
constant
encouragement,I
have
been
making
　　　　(remark)
progress
in
my
studies.?
Ⅱ.短语达标
1.　　　　　　　　(总之),for
your
health,you
must
take
a
regular
exercise
and
stop
smoking.?
2.He
couldn’t
go
to
school
because
of
his
illness.　　　　　　　　(因此),he
fell
behind
his
classmates.?
3.Before
he
　　　　　　　　(上台掌权),he
was
once
put
in
prison.?
4.Take
the
case
of
that
patient,he
did
not
　　　　　　(死于)
it.?
5.Everything
is
hard
　　　　　　　　(起初).?
6.My
father
has
　　　　　　　　(一堆)
magazines
to
which
I
return
every
now
and
then.?
7.He
　　　　　　　　(坚持)
making
a
voyage
after
graduating
from
college.?
8.False
fire
alarms
are
not
permitted
and
may
　　　　　　　　(导致;造成)
imprisonment.?
Ⅲ.句式仿写
1.他正和一位叫王先生的男士讲话。(过去分词短语作定语)
He
is
talking
with
a
man
　
.?
2.一旦看到它,你就永远不会忘记它。(on/upon
doing
sth.一……就……)
　.?
3.她在公交车站等车时,遇到了那位著名的主编。(状语从句的省略)
　,she
met
the
famous
editor.?
4.人们认为,吃糖太多对健康有害。(It+be+过去分词+that...)
　　　　　　　　
eating
too
much
sugar
does
harm
to
our
health.?
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读
A
He
is
regarded
as
having
one
of
the
brightest
minds
on
the
planet.But
outstanding
astrophysicist(天体物理学家)
Stephen
Hawking
admitted
that
he
did
not
learn
to
read
until
he
was
eight
years
old.In
a
public
lecture
at
the
Royal
Albert
Hall,Professor
Hawking
also
admitted
that
he
was
not
active
in
studying
while
at
Oxford
University,where
he
studied
physics,and
that
only
the
diagnosis
that
he
might
die
young
from
motor
neurone(神经元)
disease
made
him
concentrate
on
his
work.
Professor
Hawking
said,“My
sister
Philippa
could
read
by
the
age
of
4
and
then
she
was
definitely
brighter
than
me.”
He
said
that
he
was
unexceptional
at
school
and
was
never
further
than
halfway
up
his
class.“My
classwork
was
very
untidy,and
my
handwriting
was
the
despair
of
my
teachers,”he
said.“But
my
classmates
gave
me
the
nickname
Einstein,so
presumably
they
saw
signs
of
something
better.”
But
he
said
that
it
was
when
doctors
told
him
that
he
probably
only
had
a
few
years
to
live
at
the
age
of
21
that
he
was
galvanized
into
focusing
on
his
work
and
a
period
of
productivity
that
resulted
in
some
of
his
early
breakthroughs.He
said,“When
you
are
faced
with
the
possibility
of
an
early
death,it
makes
you
realize
that
life
is
worth
living
and
there
are
lots
of
things
you
want
to
do.”
1.Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true
according
to
the
passage?
A.Stephen
Hawking
is
the
second
Einstein
in
the
world.
B.Stephen
Hawking
couldn’t
read
at
the
age
of
7.
C.Stephen
Hawking’s
handwriting
was
once
terribly
bad.
D.Stephen
Hawking’s
sister
once
performed
much
better
than
him.
2.What
made
Stephen
Hawking
devote
himself
to
his
work?
A.Patience.
B.Knowledge.
C.Disease.
D.Laziness.
3.What
can
we
learn
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.Stephen
Hawking
didn’t
realize
his
dreams
in
physics.
B.It
was
possible
for
Hawking
to
face
the
early
death.
C.The
purpose
of
the
doctor’s
diagnosis
was
to
encourage
him
to
work
hard.
D.His
life
might
be
taken
away
by
long
hard
work.
4.From
whom
did
Hawking
get
a
relatively
just
estimation
when
he
was
at
school?
A.His
sister.
B.His
classmates.
C.His
teachers.
D.His
parents.
B
(2020·山东滨州高三三模)
Every
so
often,someone
so
young
does
something
so
amazing
that
you
can’t
help
but
wonder
how
he
manages
it.That’s
what
happened
the
first
time
we
heard
Matthew
Whitaker
play
the
piano.Matthew
is
a
jazz
pianist
who
is
blind,and
since
the
age
of
11,he’s
been
performing
around
the
world.
Matthew
Whitaker
was
born
at
the
24th
week.He
weighed
1
pound
and
11
ounces.His
parents
were
told
he
had
less
than
a
50%
chance
of
survival.One
of
the
many
complications(并发症)
he
faced
was
a
disease
which
led
to
blindness.
No
one
in
Matthew’s
family
was
a
musician,but
his
grandfather
bought
him
his
first
keyboard
when
he
was
3
years
old.It
didn’t
take
long
for
Matthew
to
show
that
he
had
a
gift.So
the
Whitakers
decided
to
get
Matthew
a
teacher,which
proved
to
be
difficult.“At
the
time,we
got
a
lot
of
answers
that
he’s
too
young
and
they
don’t
know
how
to
teach
a
blind
child,”
Moses
Whitaker
said.“He
was
3
years
old
at
the
time.”
Finally,Dalia
Sakas
agreed
to
meet
Matthew.Dalia
is
the
director
of
music
studies
at
a
music
school
in
New
York
City,a
school
for
the
visually
impaired.To
her
surprise,Matthew
could
listen
to
a
piece
of
music
once
and
then
play
it.“Because
it
is
rare
to
meet
someone
of
the
world
and
I
want
to
make
that
possible.”
She
did.Matthew
has
played
in
more
than
200
clubs
and
concert
halls
around
the
world.His
love
of
music
has
never
been
in
doubt.Matthew’s
latest
album
is
called
Now
Hear
This.One
critic
noted
that
it
sounded
like
Matthew
was
playing
with
six
hands.
5.Which
word
best
describes
Matthew
as
a
pianist?
A.Fruitless.
B.Ordinary.
C.Remarkable.
D.Ambitious.
6.What
was
the
root
cause
of
Matthew’s
blindness?
A.His
premature
birth.
B.His
low
weight.
C.His
low
chance
of
survival.
D.A
disease
running
in
his
family.
7.What
increased
the
difficulty
finding
Matthew
a
music
teacher?
A.His
family
background.
B.His
lack
of
talent.
C.His
age
and
disability.
D.His
character.
8.Why
did
Dalia
accept
Matthew
as
her
student?
A.Because
she
sympathized
Matthew
for
his
experience.
B.Because
she
was
struck
by
Matthew’s
talent
for
music.
C.Because
she
gave
in
to
the
insistence
of
Matthew’s
grandfather.
D.Because
she
knew
how
to
teach
a
blind
student
well.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Many
children
may
be
fond
of
animals,but
few
ever
think
of
making
the
study
of
animals
as
their
career.Even
fewer
will
be
　1　
by
the
whole
world,　2　
the
title
of
United
Nations
Messenger
of
Peace.?
But
one
woman
has　3　
all
that.She
has
lived
with
chimps
in
the
African
forest
for
many
years
and
made
great　4　.Jane
Goodall’s
lifelong　5　
in
animals
began
at
an
early
age.By
the
age
of
10
or
11,Jane　6　
going
to
Africa
to
live
with
animals.This
was
quite
a
strange
dream
in
those
days,as
young
girls
didn’t
think
of
having
such
“wild”
actions.But
she
was　7　
by
her
mother.She
told
her
that
if
she
really
wanted
something,she
should
work
hard,take
advantage
of
chances
and
never
give
up
looking
for
a
way.?
When
a
close
friend
invited
Jane
to
Kenya
in
1957,she
readily　8　
it.Within
a
few
months
of
her
arrival
she
met
the
famous
anthropologist(人类学家)
Dr.
Louis
Leakey,who
soon
decided
that
Jane
was
the　9　
person
he
was
looking
for
to
begin
a　10　of
wild
chimps
on
the
shore
of
Lake
Tanganyika
in
Tanzania.?
In
the
beginning,studying
the
chimps
was
not　11　
for
her.The
animals
fled
from
her　12　.With
a
strong　13　,she
searched
the
forest
every
day,trying
not
to
get
too
close
to
the
chimps
too
soon.Gradually
the
chimps
became
used
to
her
presence.?
In
October
1960,she
observed
a
chimp
making
and
using　14　
to
fish
for
termites(白蚁).This
discovery
threw
light
on
the
popular
idea
at
the
time
that
man
was
the
world’s
only
toolmaker.The
longer
Jane’s
research
continues,the
more
it
becomes
obvious
that
chimps
are
very　15　
to
humans.?
Since
the
mid-1980s,Jane
has
been
lecturing
around
the
world
to
raise
people’ssense
about
environmental
protection.“Let’s
live
in
the
new
age
with
hope,respect
for
all
living
things,understanding
and
love,”
she
said.
1.A.recognized
B.known
C.accepted
D.admitted
2.A.receiving
B.giving
C.enjoying
D.having
3.A.done
B.proved
C.achieved
D.faded
4.A.discoveries
B.decisions
C.choices
D.findings
5.A.study
B.interest
C.sense
D.dream
6.A.was
fond
of
B.was
tired
of
C.insisted
on
D.dreamed
of
7.A.encouraged
B.prevented
C.advised
D.forced
8.A.accepted
B.refused
C.received
D.considered
9.A.only
B.last
C.special
D.first
10.A.project
B.study
C.centre
D.career
11.A.hard
B.interesting
C.easy
D.convenient
12.A.in
surprise
B.in
a
hurry
C.as
expected
D.in
fear
13.A.will
B.body
C.desire
D.mind
14.A.nets
B.tools
C.holes
D.spoons
15.A.close
B.similar
C.friendly
D.helpful
参考答案
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.commitment　2.scientific　3.objective
4.novelist　5.conclusion　6.apparently
7.relatively　8.remarkable
Ⅱ.短语达标
1.To
sum
up　2.As
a
consequence　3.came
to
power　4.die
from　5.in
the
beginning　6.a
collection
of　7.insisted
on　8.lead
to
Ⅲ.句式仿写
1.called
Mr
Wang
2.On/Upon
seeing
it,you
will
never
forget
it
3.While
waiting
at
the
bus
stop
4.It
is
thought
that
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读
1.A　细节理解题。由第二段中的“But
my
classmates
gave
me
the
nickname
Einstein,so
presumably
they
saw
signs
of
something
better.”可知绰号“爱因斯坦”是同学起的,但并不意味着他就是第二个爱因斯坦。
2.C　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“...only
the
diagnosis
that
he
might
die
young
from
motor
neurone(神经元)
disease
made
him
concentrate
on
his
work.”可知,是运动神经元疾病促使他有所作为。
3.B　段落大意题。由最后一段中的“He
said,‘When
you
are
faced
with
the
possibility
of
an
early
death,it
makes
you
realize
that
life
is
worth
living
and
there
are
lots
of
things
you
want
to
do.’”可知,霍金有可能要面对英年早逝的不幸事实。
4.B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后霍金的话可知,尽管老师不看好他,同学们仍给他起了“爱因斯坦”的绰号,他们从他身上看到了好的一面。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Matthew
is
a
jazz
pianist
who
is
blind,and
since
the
age
of
11,he’s
been
performing
around
the
world.”可知,马修作为一名盲人钢琴家,在十一岁的时候就开始全世界演出了。通过此句,我们可以推断出他是一个非常卓越、优秀的人。故此题选C。
6.A　推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句“Matthew
Whitaker
was
born
at
the
24th
week.”可知,马修是一个早产儿,所以带来了一系列的问题,从而导致了他的失明。故此题选A。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At
the
time,we
got
a
lot
of
answers
that
he’s
too
young
and
they
don’t
know
how
to
teach
a
blind
child”可知,老师们觉得马修太小了,并且是个盲人,所以不愿意接收。由此可知,马修的年龄和残疾增加了给马修找音乐老师的难度。故此题选C。
8.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“To
her
surprise,Matthew
could
listen
to
a
piece
of
music
once
and
then
play
it.(让她吃惊的是,马修能听一段音乐,然后就弹出来)”可知,Dalia接受马修作她的学生,是因为她被马修的音乐天赋所打动。故此题选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
1.A　recognize在此解释为“认可(功绩等)”,即很少有人得到全世界的认可。
2.A　receive
the
title
of获得……头衔或称号,是固定搭配。
3.C　that指的是上文的各种成就。简·古道尔实现了所有的这些成就。
4.A　由文章倒数第二段可知,她最后有了一些伟大的发现。
5.B　前文提到简·古道尔到非洲森林里与动物生活在一起,说明她对动物的兴趣由来已久。
6.D　后文的a
strange
dream是该空的提示,表明古道尔梦想去非洲与动物生活在一起。
7.A　妈妈让她做自己想做的事,说明妈妈对她是支持的、鼓励的。
8.A　由后文中Within
a
few
months
of
her
arrival可知,简·古道尔接受了朋友的邀请。
9.C　通过上文的介绍“她对动物感兴趣”可知,简·古道尔是一个特别的、与众不同的女孩。
10.B　由下一段中的
studying
the
chimps可知,简·古道尔正是路易斯·李奇博士要寻找的研究大猩猩的合适人选。
11.C　由下文中黑猩猩一见她就逃跑这一情节推断,观察黑猩猩不是件容易的事。
12.D　由本段最后一句“Gradually
the
chimps
became
used
to
her
presence.”可知一开始黑猩猩不习惯古道尔的存在,所以会因害怕而逃跑。
13.A　正是因为她的坚强意志,她才有了最后的成功。will
n.意志。
14.B　由下一句中的
toolmaker一词可知,她观察到大猩猩会制作并使用工具来捕捉食物。
15.B　通过她的观察发现,大猩猩在很多方面与人类相似。
be
similar
to与……相似。