2021-2022学年高中英语牛津版选修八：Unit2 The universal language 知识点学案 （Word版含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2021-2022学年高中英语牛津版选修八：Unit2 The universal language 知识点学案 （Word版含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 99.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-08-13 21:53:14 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Module 8 Unit 2 The universal language
一、重点单词与短语：
1. universal adj. 共同的，普遍的，全体的；全世界的，宇宙的；公认的
①a universal rule 普遍规律
②a universal language 世界通用语言
③universal travel 环球旅行
▲universe n. 宇宙，世界；全人类
④the Universe 宇宙
典题赏析：
1) There was _______ agreement that every effort should be made to prevent the war from spreading.
A. different B. universal C. ordinary D. unknown
2) While there are some differences in the educational systems in many countries, education is_______.
A. regular B. universal C. ordinary D. normal
2. cast vt. & vi. 选派角色；投射，投向 (on, at)；扔，投，抛，掷，撒 (cast-cast)
①cast the blame on sb 归咎于某人
②cast doubt on 对……产生怀疑
③cast a shadow on/over 把影子投在……上；给……投下阴影
④cast a net 撒网
⑤(be) cast away 被抛弃；（船遇难而）流落某处
⑥cast down 使沮丧；使下降
典题赏析：
1) Wang Baoqiang was _______ as Shagen by Feng Xiaogang.
A. carved B. cast C. offered D. thrown
2) In _______ film Cast Away. Tom Hanks plays _______ man named Chuck Noland.
A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; a
3) The chairman asked the members to _______ their votes for or against the proposal.
A. throw B. cast C. abandon D. offer
4) The rising admission prices of scenic attractions may cast a ____ over your plans for the coming holiday.
A. shame B. shelter C. shadow D. shade
3. stubborn adj. 顽固的，固执的
①as stubborn as a mule 倔得像头骡子
典题赏析：
1) He is very stubborn, it is impossible to argue _______ what he doesn’t want to.
A. with him about B. against him about C. him into doing D. him to do
2) Tom is a(n) ___ boy. Once he decides to do something, he won抰 give it up whatever difficulty he meets.
A. stubborn B. active C. devoted D. determined
3) According to our teacher, we should take detailed notes in class because they are more _______ than our memory.
A. active B. reliable C. honest D. stubborn
4. condemn vt. 判刑，宣判；指责，谴责
①condemn sb to death 判处某人死刑
②be condemned to death 被处死
▲condemnation n.
典题赏析：
1) The judge condemned the criminal _______ all his life in prison.
A. to spend B. spending C. to spending D. spent
2) Studies show that sunshine, fresh air, and plenty of rest often ______ a person’s recovery from sickness.
A. arrest B. accelerate C. betray D. condemn
5. dare vt. & vi. & aux. “敢，敢于，胆敢”，可作实义动词，第三人称为dares，过去式和过去分词为dared，现在分词为daring，后接带to的不定式（在否定句中也可不带to），否定句、疑问句借助于助动词do。
1) She dares to go out at night.
→She doesn’t dare to go out at night.
→Does she dare to go out at night?
→Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.
dare可作情态动词，无第三人称单数形式，其过去式为dared，多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中，后接动词原形。
2) She dare go out at night.
→She daren’t go out at night.
→Dare she go out at night?
→Yes, she dare. No, she daren’t.
①dare sb. to do sth. 激将某人做某事
②I dare say (that) 我想，我认为是；我敢说
I dare you to do it. 我谅你也不敢做。
I dare say that he will come. 我想他会来的。
典题赏析：
1) — _______ climb that tall tree? —No, I _______.
A. Dare you; dare not B. Dare you to; don抰
C. Dare you to; dare not D. Don抰 you dare; dare not
2) No one _______ say that he could see the Emperor抯 new clothes.
A. dare B. needed C. dared to D. needed to
3) Being scolded by the teacher, the boy stood before him without _______ his head.
A. daring lift B. Daring to lift C. Daring lifting D. dare to lift
4) After the glass fell to the ground and broke, the little boy _______ his grandma about that.
A. dare not tell B. dared not telling C. dare not to tell D. didn’t dare tell
6. ask for sb.’s hand in marriage 向某人求婚
7. disturbing adj. 令人不安的；引起恐慌的，引起烦恼的
▲disturbed adj. 困扰的
▲disturb vt. 扰乱，打扰
①Don’t disturb. 请勿打扰。
②disturb the peace 扰乱治安
▲disturbance n. 动乱，骚乱 [c]；扰乱，不安 [u]
辨析：disturb与interrupt的区别
1) disturb “打扰，扰乱”，指打扰某人或扰乱治安等。
2) interrupt “打断，打扰；中断，阻断”，指打断谈话，中断节目等。
8. fall in love 相爱，坠入爱河
①fall in love with sb. 爱上某人
②be in love with sb. 与某人恋爱
9. at first sight 初次见面；乍一看
①at/on sight 见到立即；一见就
②at the sight of 一看见……
③catch/have/get sight of 看到，发现
④in/within sight 看得到，在视力范围内
⑤out of sight 看不见，在视力范围外
⑥in the sight of 从……的眼光来看
⑦lose sight of 看不见；失去（某人的）音讯；跟（某人）失去联络
典题赏析：
1) The travelers fell in love with the cottage _______.
A. catch sight of B. out of sight C. at the sight of D. at first sight
2) The mother saw her son off until he was _______.
A. at the sight B. in sight C. out of sight D. at sight
10. unwilling adj. 不愿意的，不情愿的；勉强的，无奈的
①be unwilling to do sth. 不乐/愿意干某事
▲unwillingness n. [u]
典题赏析：
1) More and more teenagers are _______ to follow advice, because they always think they are right.
A. unaware B. willing C. ready D. unwilling
11. seize vt. 抓住，捉住；夺取，占领
①seize control of 夺取对……的控制权
②seize an opportunity 抓住机会
③seize sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊
④seize hold of 抓住；占领
⑤seize the meaning 理解意思
典题赏析：
1) Suddenly, a tall man, riding a golden carriage, ______ the girl and took her away, _____ into the woods.
A. seizing; disappeared B. seizing; disappearing
C. seized; disappeared D. seized; disappearing
12. demand vt. 需要，需求，要求
n. 要求 [c]；需求，需要 [u]
①demand sth.
②demand to do sth.
③demand of sb. to do sth 要求某人干某事
④demand that + s + (should) + v
⑤in demand 有需求的，有需要的
⑥on demand 一经要求，在要求时
⑦meet one’s demands 满足某人的需要
⑧make demands of/on 对……提出要求
典题赏析：
1) The librarian demanded that the books _______ to the school library at once.
A. return B. should return C. be returned D. would be returned
2) —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?
—The key _______ the problem is to meet the demand _______ by the customers.
A. to solving; making B. to solving; made C. to solve; making D. to solve; made
3) Good workers are always _______ demand in the factory.
A. in B. on C. by D. for
13. evident adj. 清楚的，显然的
①It is evident that… ……是显然的。
▲evidence n. 证据，物证 [u]；显著，明显 [u]；形迹，痕迹，迹象 [c]
②in evidence 明显地，显而易见地
③call sb. in evidence 传某人作证
④give evidence for/against sb. 提出对某人有利/不利的证据
14. scold vt. 训斥，责骂
①scold sb. for (doing) sth. 因（干）某事而责备某人
典题赏析：
1) The headmaster _______ the boy for what he had done in the class.
A. overcame B. declined C. displayed D. scolded
15. merciful adj. 宽容的，宽大的，仁慈的
▲merciless adj. 残忍的，无情的
▲mercy n. 仁慈，怜悯，宽恕 [u]；幸运，侥幸 [c]（只用单数）
①have/show mercy on/upon对……表示怜悯
②at the mercy of 在……支配下；任凭……的摆布
③without mercy残忍地
④mercy killing 安乐死
⑤That is a mercy. 那真幸运。
⑥It’s a mercy that... ……真幸运。
典题赏析：
1) Have _______ on him, he is only a child.
A. root B. mercy C. patience D. courage
2) He is so _______ a man that he will have held an umbrella over a duck in a shower of rain.
A. merciful B. honest C. reasonable D. sincere
3) The driver managed not to hit the child who ran in front of his car, but only _____ injuring himself.
A. in hopes of B. as a consequence of C. at the mercy of D. at the cost of
4) It is clear that the small grocer was ______ people he owed money to.
A. at the expense of B. at the risk of C. in the way D. at the mercy of
16. dawn n. 黎明，拂晓；开端，萌芽 [u]
①at dawn 在黎明
②at sunrise 在日出时
③at sunset 在日落时分
④at noon 在中午
⑤at dusk 在傍晚
⑥at dark 在天黑时
⑦at night 在夜里
⑧at midnight 在半夜
17. deadline n. 最终期限；截稿期 [c]
①the deadline for... ……的期限
②meet the deadline 按时完成
典题赏析：
1) I’m afraid you have missed the _______. We can’t accept your application.
A. target B. consensus C. deadline D. preference
2) As the _______ for the assignment approaches, everyone in the classroom is on the run.
A. consensus B. admission C. deadline D. preference
18. unite vi. & vt. （使）联合，（使）团结；（使）统一
①Workers of the world, Unite! (马克思的墓碑上为：Workers of all lands, Unite!)
全世界无产者，联合起来！
②Unite with all the forces that can be united.
团结一切可以团结的力量。
▲united adj. 联合的，统一的；团结的，和睦的，一致的
③the United Nations 联合国
④the United States of America 美国
⑤the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，英国
▲unit n. 单位；单元；装置，设备 [c]
19. broken adj. 出毛病的；坏的，破损的；骨折的；
破碎的；不连贯的，说得不好的
①a broken window/cup 一个破窗户/杯子
②a broken leg 一条断腿
③a broken home 破裂的家庭
④a broken line 虚线
⑤a broken heart 破碎的心，哀恸
⑥broken English 蹩脚的英语
典题赏析：
1) He managed to make himself _______ with his _______ English.
A. understand; broken B. understand; breaking
C. to understand; broken D. understood; broken
20. opportunity n. 机会 [c/u]
①have the opportunity of doing/to do sth. 有机会干某事
②take the opportunity of doing /to do sth. 抓住/利用机会干某事
③at/on the first opportunity 一有机会就……
辨析：opportunity，chance与occasion的区别
1) opportunity 指难得的机会。
2) chance指偶然或意外的机会。当它表示“可能”或接从句时，不能用opportunity代替。
3) occasion指某事发生在某一时间或场合。
I never had the opportunity to hear him play the piano.
我从未有机会听他弹钢琴。
Chance plays an important part in many card games.
在许多纸牌游戏中，机会发挥着重要的作用。
I met one of my old friends on several occasions.
在好多场合，我遇见了我其中的一位老朋友。
典题赏析：
1) It was _______ opportunity to miss.
A. too good an B. a too good C. too a good D. too good
2) _______ are that you will lose the job if you don’t try to do it better.
A. Chance B. Chances C. Opportunity D. Opportunities
3) Her father gave her the _______ of going to college or starting to work.
A. chance B. opportunity C. alternative D. possibility
4) When I worked as the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had ______ to visit London on business.
A. opportunity B. possibility C. occasion D. chance
21. department n. 部门，系，科，处，司，局
①department store 百货公司
②the English Department 英语系
③Department of Education 教育部
④personnel department 人事部门
22. folk adj. 民间的，民俗的
n. 人，人们；家里的人，家属，亲属（复）；民族，种族
①folk song/music/tale/dance/singer 民歌/民间音乐/民间故事/民间舞蹈/民间歌手
②old folks/country folks/town folks 老人/乡下人/城里人
23. chart n. 图表；海图
vt. 记录；制订；绘制
①the charts 每周流行唱片排行榜
②a bar/flow/pie/curve chart 条形图/流程图/饼状图/曲线图
③a weather/physical chart 天气图/地势图
▲chartist n. 制图者
24. root n. 根，根部；根源，根由 [c]
the root of a plant 植物的根 the root of a tooth 牙根 the root of all evil（万恶之源）
①take root 生根；开始建立
②get to/at the root of 追根究底
③be rooted in 扎根于……
④at the root of在……根部/根基
25. tendency n. 趋向，倾向 [c]
①have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事；往往会做某事
▲tend vi. 走向，趋向，倾向；易于，往往会；有助于；服侍，招待；注意，留心
②tend to sth. 朝某方向，趋向/于……；注意/留心某事
③tend to do sth. 易于干某事；有助于干某事
④tend on/upon 照料，招待
vt. 照管，照料；护理，管理
Three nurses tend him. 三位护士照顾他。
The farmer is tending sheep. 那位农民在看羊。
典题赏析：
1) There is a growing _______ among young girls that they choose not to marry.
A. idea B. belief C. concept D. tendency
26. decline n. 衰落，衰败；减少；下降 [c]
vi. & vt. 衰落，下降；婉拒，婉谢
①on the decline 在衰退；在下降
②decline to do sth. 拒绝干某事
典题赏析：
1) An increase in private cars has _______ the _______ of public transport.
A. resulted in; decline B. resulted from; decline
C. resulted in; increase D. resulted from; increase
27. seek vt. & vi. 试图，设法；寻找，寻求；受欢迎（用于被动）(sought-sought)
①seek to do sth. 试图/设法干某事
②seek for/after 寻求，追求
③seek out 找出，寻出
④seek one’s fortune 离家闯天下，碰运气
⑤seek truth from facts 实事求是
典题赏析：
1) When the murderer _______to run away, the police came.
A. sought B. risked C. dared D. thought
2) Mo Yan’s novels are _______ by many people nowadays.
A. seek B. seeked C. sought D. thought
28. prejudice n. 偏见，成见 [c/u]
vt. 使怀有偏见
①have a prejudice against 对……有偏见
②without prejudice 无偏见地
③prejudice sb. against 使某人对……有偏见
▲prejudiced adj. 有偏见的
④be prejudiced against 对……有偏见
典题赏析：
1) As a teacher, we shouldn’t have ______ against any student even though they sometimes make mistakes.
A. reliance B. audience C. prejudice D. attitude
29. break up 拆散，打碎，破裂；分裂，分解；（精神）崩溃，垮掉；放假，结束
①break down 出故障，抛锚；打破，毁掉，破除，中止；制服，压制；
（身体）垮了；分解（化合物）；不成功，失败；降低
②break in 闯入，打断，插嘴
③break into 破门而入；突然……起来
④break off 折断，打断；断绝，结束；解除；休息一下；突然停止讲话
⑤break out 爆发，发生
⑥break through 突围，突破
⑦break into tears/laughter 突然大哭/笑起来
⑧break away from 摆脱，脱离
典题赏析：
典题赏析：
He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air conditioning system ______.
A. broke in B. broke up C. broke out D. broke down
2) A strong cold current hit South China in January, 2016, leading to most schools __ for the sake of safety.
A. breaking down B. breaking up C. breaking away D. breaking out
二、重点句型：
1. Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a more awesome setting.
想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧—不可能有比这更好的场景了。
分析：句中“there could not be a more awesome setting”为“否定词+比较级”结构，表示最高级，意为“最……不过；不可能再……”
I have never heard such a better voice. 这是我听过的最好的声音。
In her mother’s opinion, the daughter couldn’t have done better.
在妈妈看来，女儿做的再好也不过了。
No one is taller than he in our class. 他是我们班最高的。
典题赏析：
1) —You live so far away. Shall I give you a ride?
—Thank you. _______.
A. It couldn’t be better B. Of course you can C. If you like D. It’s up to you
2) —Are you satisfied with what he had done?
—Not at all. It couldn’t be _______.
A. any worse B. so bad C. much better D. so good
参考答案：
一、重点单词与短语：
1. BB 2. BB 3. CDB 4. CB 5. ACBD 9. DC 10. D 11. D 12. CBA 14. D 15. BADD 17. CC 19. D 20. ABCC（必要的）25. D 26. A 27. AC 28. C
二、重点句型：
1. AA
9
一、重点单词与短语：
1. universal adj. 共同的，普遍的，全体的；全世界的，宇宙的；公认的
①a universal rule 普遍规律
②a universal language 世界通用语言
③universal travel 环球旅行
▲universe n. 宇宙，世界；全人类
④the Universe 宇宙
典题赏析：
1) There was _______ agreement that every effort should be made to prevent the war from spreading.
A. different B. universal C. ordinary D. unknown
2) While there are some differences in the educational systems in many countries, education is_______.
A. regular B. universal C. ordinary D. normal
2. cast vt. & vi. 选派角色；投射，投向 (on, at)；扔，投，抛，掷，撒 (cast-cast)
①cast the blame on sb 归咎于某人
②cast doubt on 对……产生怀疑
③cast a shadow on/over 把影子投在……上；给……投下阴影
④cast a net 撒网
⑤(be) cast away 被抛弃；（船遇难而）流落某处
⑥cast down 使沮丧；使下降
典题赏析：
1) Wang Baoqiang was _______ as Shagen by Feng Xiaogang.
A. carved B. cast C. offered D. thrown
2) In _______ film Cast Away. Tom Hanks plays _______ man named Chuck Noland.
A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; a
3) The chairman asked the members to _______ their votes for or against the proposal.
A. throw B. cast C. abandon D. offer
4) The rising admission prices of scenic attractions may cast a ____ over your plans for the coming holiday.
A. shame B. shelter C. shadow D. shade
3. stubborn adj. 顽固的，固执的
①as stubborn as a mule 倔得像头骡子
典题赏析：
1) He is very stubborn, it is impossible to argue _______ what he doesn’t want to.
A. with him about B. against him about C. him into doing D. him to do
2) Tom is a(n) ___ boy. Once he decides to do something, he won抰 give it up whatever difficulty he meets.
A. stubborn B. active C. devoted D. determined
3) According to our teacher, we should take detailed notes in class because they are more _______ than our memory.
A. active B. reliable C. honest D. stubborn
4. condemn vt. 判刑，宣判；指责，谴责
①condemn sb to death 判处某人死刑
②be condemned to death 被处死
▲condemnation n.
典题赏析：
1) The judge condemned the criminal _______ all his life in prison.
A. to spend B. spending C. to spending D. spent
2) Studies show that sunshine, fresh air, and plenty of rest often ______ a person’s recovery from sickness.
A. arrest B. accelerate C. betray D. condemn
5. dare vt. & vi. & aux. “敢，敢于，胆敢”，可作实义动词，第三人称为dares，过去式和过去分词为dared，现在分词为daring，后接带to的不定式（在否定句中也可不带to），否定句、疑问句借助于助动词do。
1) She dares to go out at night.
→She doesn’t dare to go out at night.
→Does she dare to go out at night?
→Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.
dare可作情态动词，无第三人称单数形式，其过去式为dared，多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中，后接动词原形。
2) She dare go out at night.
→She daren’t go out at night.
→Dare she go out at night?
→Yes, she dare. No, she daren’t.
①dare sb. to do sth. 激将某人做某事
②I dare say (that) 我想，我认为是；我敢说
I dare you to do it. 我谅你也不敢做。
I dare say that he will come. 我想他会来的。
典题赏析：
1) — _______ climb that tall tree? —No, I _______.
A. Dare you; dare not B. Dare you to; don抰
C. Dare you to; dare not D. Don抰 you dare; dare not
2) No one _______ say that he could see the Emperor抯 new clothes.
A. dare B. needed C. dared to D. needed to
3) Being scolded by the teacher, the boy stood before him without _______ his head.
A. daring lift B. Daring to lift C. Daring lifting D. dare to lift
4) After the glass fell to the ground and broke, the little boy _______ his grandma about that.
A. dare not tell B. dared not telling C. dare not to tell D. didn’t dare tell
6. ask for sb.’s hand in marriage 向某人求婚
7. disturbing adj. 令人不安的；引起恐慌的，引起烦恼的
▲disturbed adj. 困扰的
▲disturb vt. 扰乱，打扰
①Don’t disturb. 请勿打扰。
②disturb the peace 扰乱治安
▲disturbance n. 动乱，骚乱 [c]；扰乱，不安 [u]
辨析：disturb与interrupt的区别
1) disturb “打扰，扰乱”，指打扰某人或扰乱治安等。
2) interrupt “打断，打扰；中断，阻断”，指打断谈话，中断节目等。
8. fall in love 相爱，坠入爱河
①fall in love with sb. 爱上某人
②be in love with sb. 与某人恋爱
9. at first sight 初次见面；乍一看
①at/on sight 见到立即；一见就
②at the sight of 一看见……
③catch/have/get sight of 看到，发现
④in/within sight 看得到，在视力范围内
⑤out of sight 看不见，在视力范围外
⑥in the sight of 从……的眼光来看
⑦lose sight of 看不见；失去（某人的）音讯；跟（某人）失去联络
典题赏析：
1) The travelers fell in love with the cottage _______.
A. catch sight of B. out of sight C. at the sight of D. at first sight
2) The mother saw her son off until he was _______.
A. at the sight B. in sight C. out of sight D. at sight
10. unwilling adj. 不愿意的，不情愿的；勉强的，无奈的
①be unwilling to do sth. 不乐/愿意干某事
▲unwillingness n. [u]
典题赏析：
1) More and more teenagers are _______ to follow advice, because they always think they are right.
A. unaware B. willing C. ready D. unwilling
11. seize vt. 抓住，捉住；夺取，占领
①seize control of 夺取对……的控制权
②seize an opportunity 抓住机会
③seize sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊
④seize hold of 抓住；占领
⑤seize the meaning 理解意思
典题赏析：
1) Suddenly, a tall man, riding a golden carriage, ______ the girl and took her away, _____ into the woods.
A. seizing; disappeared B. seizing; disappearing
C. seized; disappeared D. seized; disappearing
12. demand vt. 需要，需求，要求
n. 要求 [c]；需求，需要 [u]
①demand sth.
②demand to do sth.
③demand of sb. to do sth 要求某人干某事
④demand that + s + (should) + v
⑤in demand 有需求的，有需要的
⑥on demand 一经要求，在要求时
⑦meet one’s demands 满足某人的需要
⑧make demands of/on 对……提出要求
典题赏析：
1) The librarian demanded that the books _______ to the school library at once.
A. return B. should return C. be returned D. would be returned
2) —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?
—The key _______ the problem is to meet the demand _______ by the customers.
A. to solving; making B. to solving; made C. to solve; making D. to solve; made
3) Good workers are always _______ demand in the factory.
A. in B. on C. by D. for
13. evident adj. 清楚的，显然的
①It is evident that… ……是显然的。
▲evidence n. 证据，物证 [u]；显著，明显 [u]；形迹，痕迹，迹象 [c]
②in evidence 明显地，显而易见地
③call sb. in evidence 传某人作证
④give evidence for/against sb. 提出对某人有利/不利的证据
14. scold vt. 训斥，责骂
①scold sb. for (doing) sth. 因（干）某事而责备某人
典题赏析：
1) The headmaster _______ the boy for what he had done in the class.
A. overcame B. declined C. displayed D. scolded
15. merciful adj. 宽容的，宽大的，仁慈的
▲merciless adj. 残忍的，无情的
▲mercy n. 仁慈，怜悯，宽恕 [u]；幸运，侥幸 [c]（只用单数）
①have/show mercy on/upon对……表示怜悯
②at the mercy of 在……支配下；任凭……的摆布
③without mercy残忍地
④mercy killing 安乐死
⑤That is a mercy. 那真幸运。
⑥It’s a mercy that... ……真幸运。
典题赏析：
1) Have _______ on him, he is only a child.
A. root B. mercy C. patience D. courage
2) He is so _______ a man that he will have held an umbrella over a duck in a shower of rain.
A. merciful B. honest C. reasonable D. sincere
3) The driver managed not to hit the child who ran in front of his car, but only _____ injuring himself.
A. in hopes of B. as a consequence of C. at the mercy of D. at the cost of
4) It is clear that the small grocer was ______ people he owed money to.
A. at the expense of B. at the risk of C. in the way D. at the mercy of
16. dawn n. 黎明，拂晓；开端，萌芽 [u]
①at dawn 在黎明
②at sunrise 在日出时
③at sunset 在日落时分
④at noon 在中午
⑤at dusk 在傍晚
⑥at dark 在天黑时
⑦at night 在夜里
⑧at midnight 在半夜
17. deadline n. 最终期限；截稿期 [c]
①the deadline for... ……的期限
②meet the deadline 按时完成
典题赏析：
1) I’m afraid you have missed the _______. We can’t accept your application.
A. target B. consensus C. deadline D. preference
2) As the _______ for the assignment approaches, everyone in the classroom is on the run.
A. consensus B. admission C. deadline D. preference
18. unite vi. & vt. （使）联合，（使）团结；（使）统一
①Workers of the world, Unite! (马克思的墓碑上为：Workers of all lands, Unite!)
全世界无产者，联合起来！
②Unite with all the forces that can be united.
团结一切可以团结的力量。
▲united adj. 联合的，统一的；团结的，和睦的，一致的
③the United Nations 联合国
④the United States of America 美国
⑤the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，英国
▲unit n. 单位；单元；装置，设备 [c]
19. broken adj. 出毛病的；坏的，破损的；骨折的；
破碎的；不连贯的，说得不好的
①a broken window/cup 一个破窗户/杯子
②a broken leg 一条断腿
③a broken home 破裂的家庭
④a broken line 虚线
⑤a broken heart 破碎的心，哀恸
⑥broken English 蹩脚的英语
典题赏析：
1) He managed to make himself _______ with his _______ English.
A. understand; broken B. understand; breaking
C. to understand; broken D. understood; broken
20. opportunity n. 机会 [c/u]
①have the opportunity of doing/to do sth. 有机会干某事
②take the opportunity of doing /to do sth. 抓住/利用机会干某事
③at/on the first opportunity 一有机会就……
辨析：opportunity，chance与occasion的区别
1) opportunity 指难得的机会。
2) chance指偶然或意外的机会。当它表示“可能”或接从句时，不能用opportunity代替。
3) occasion指某事发生在某一时间或场合。
I never had the opportunity to hear him play the piano.
我从未有机会听他弹钢琴。
Chance plays an important part in many card games.
在许多纸牌游戏中，机会发挥着重要的作用。
I met one of my old friends on several occasions.
在好多场合，我遇见了我其中的一位老朋友。
典题赏析：
1) It was _______ opportunity to miss.
A. too good an B. a too good C. too a good D. too good
2) _______ are that you will lose the job if you don’t try to do it better.
A. Chance B. Chances C. Opportunity D. Opportunities
3) Her father gave her the _______ of going to college or starting to work.
A. chance B. opportunity C. alternative D. possibility
4) When I worked as the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had ______ to visit London on business.
A. opportunity B. possibility C. occasion D. chance
21. department n. 部门，系，科，处，司，局
①department store 百货公司
②the English Department 英语系
③Department of Education 教育部
④personnel department 人事部门
22. folk adj. 民间的，民俗的
n. 人，人们；家里的人，家属，亲属（复）；民族，种族
①folk song/music/tale/dance/singer 民歌/民间音乐/民间故事/民间舞蹈/民间歌手
②old folks/country folks/town folks 老人/乡下人/城里人
23. chart n. 图表；海图
vt. 记录；制订；绘制
①the charts 每周流行唱片排行榜
②a bar/flow/pie/curve chart 条形图/流程图/饼状图/曲线图
③a weather/physical chart 天气图/地势图
▲chartist n. 制图者
24. root n. 根，根部；根源，根由 [c]
the root of a plant 植物的根 the root of a tooth 牙根 the root of all evil（万恶之源）
①take root 生根；开始建立
②get to/at the root of 追根究底
③be rooted in 扎根于……
④at the root of在……根部/根基
25. tendency n. 趋向，倾向 [c]
①have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事；往往会做某事
▲tend vi. 走向，趋向，倾向；易于，往往会；有助于；服侍，招待；注意，留心
②tend to sth. 朝某方向，趋向/于……；注意/留心某事
③tend to do sth. 易于干某事；有助于干某事
④tend on/upon 照料，招待
vt. 照管，照料；护理，管理
Three nurses tend him. 三位护士照顾他。
The farmer is tending sheep. 那位农民在看羊。
典题赏析：
1) There is a growing _______ among young girls that they choose not to marry.
A. idea B. belief C. concept D. tendency
26. decline n. 衰落，衰败；减少；下降 [c]
vi. & vt. 衰落，下降；婉拒，婉谢
①on the decline 在衰退；在下降
②decline to do sth. 拒绝干某事
典题赏析：
1) An increase in private cars has _______ the _______ of public transport.
A. resulted in; decline B. resulted from; decline
C. resulted in; increase D. resulted from; increase
27. seek vt. & vi. 试图，设法；寻找，寻求；受欢迎（用于被动）(sought-sought)
①seek to do sth. 试图/设法干某事
②seek for/after 寻求，追求
③seek out 找出，寻出
④seek one’s fortune 离家闯天下，碰运气
⑤seek truth from facts 实事求是
典题赏析：
1) When the murderer _______to run away, the police came.
A. sought B. risked C. dared D. thought
2) Mo Yan’s novels are _______ by many people nowadays.
A. seek B. seeked C. sought D. thought
28. prejudice n. 偏见，成见 [c/u]
vt. 使怀有偏见
①have a prejudice against 对……有偏见
②without prejudice 无偏见地
③prejudice sb. against 使某人对……有偏见
▲prejudiced adj. 有偏见的
④be prejudiced against 对……有偏见
典题赏析：
1) As a teacher, we shouldn’t have ______ against any student even though they sometimes make mistakes.
A. reliance B. audience C. prejudice D. attitude
29. break up 拆散，打碎，破裂；分裂，分解；（精神）崩溃，垮掉；放假，结束
①break down 出故障，抛锚；打破，毁掉，破除，中止；制服，压制；
（身体）垮了；分解（化合物）；不成功，失败；降低
②break in 闯入，打断，插嘴
③break into 破门而入；突然……起来
④break off 折断，打断；断绝，结束；解除；休息一下；突然停止讲话
⑤break out 爆发，发生
⑥break through 突围，突破
⑦break into tears/laughter 突然大哭/笑起来
⑧break away from 摆脱，脱离
典题赏析：
典题赏析：
He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air conditioning system ______.
A. broke in B. broke up C. broke out D. broke down
2) A strong cold current hit South China in January, 2016, leading to most schools __ for the sake of safety.
A. breaking down B. breaking up C. breaking away D. breaking out
二、重点句型：
1. Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a more awesome setting.
想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧—不可能有比这更好的场景了。
分析：句中“there could not be a more awesome setting”为“否定词+比较级”结构，表示最高级，意为“最……不过；不可能再……”
I have never heard such a better voice. 这是我听过的最好的声音。
In her mother’s opinion, the daughter couldn’t have done better.
在妈妈看来，女儿做的再好也不过了。
No one is taller than he in our class. 他是我们班最高的。
典题赏析：
1) —You live so far away. Shall I give you a ride?
—Thank you. _______.
A. It couldn’t be better B. Of course you can C. If you like D. It’s up to you
2) —Are you satisfied with what he had done?
—Not at all. It couldn’t be _______.
A. any worse B. so bad C. much better D. so good
参考答案：
一、重点单词与短语：
1. BB 2. BB 3. CDB 4. CB 5. ACBD 9. DC 10. D 11. D 12. CBA 14. D 15. BADD 17. CC 19. D 20. ABCC（必要的）25. D 26. A 27. AC 28. C
二、重点句型：
1. AA
9