2021-2022学年外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修三：Unit3War and peace 分层训练（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2021-2022学年外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修三：Unit3War and peace 分层训练（含答案） |  | |
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Unit 3 War and peace
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．[2020·浙江卷]Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright (剧作家) hopes to get ________ through dialogue and action.
2．[2018·浙江卷]“Don't be late for supper，” Uncle Paul cried，“and keep _________ the track so that you don't get lost！”
3．[2020·浙江1月卷]I took advantage of my brief ________ (free) to dash across the lawn (草坪)—and hit a large maple tree!
4．[2020·江苏卷]Technological innovations, ________ (combine)with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
5．[2019·江苏卷]Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has something to see or do to make your visit truly ________ (memorize).
6．[2020·江苏卷]The public health ________ (emerge)response was lowered to Level 2 in the Beijing?Tianjin?Hebei region.
7．[2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]Learning that you're coming to visit one of your Chinese friends, I'm now writing to tell you some details relevant ________ it.
8．He ________ (condemn)to spend the rest of the football season on the bench.
9．[2020·江苏卷]Building such a bridge over the bay was a hard nut to crack, but the local government made ________ within two years.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．彼得斯于1984年去世，一座10英尺高的木质松鼠雕塑被放置在桥附近，以纪念它的建造者和他对该项目的贡献。
Peters died in 1984, and a ten?foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge ________________________ its builder and his devotion to the project.
2．我需要一部手机与我的朋友和家人保持联系，而且在网上几乎所有的信息都可以收集到。
I need a call to ________________ my friends and family，and almost all information can be gathered on the Internet.
3．请确保您随身携带现有的卡。您的新卡将免费提供。
[2020·天津卷]Please ensure that you bring your existing card with you. Your replacement card will be produced ________________________.
4．由于办公室职员在书桌前坐得太久，所以他们普遍被健康问题困扰。
Much time ________________________________， office
workers are generally troubled by health problems.
Ⅲ.语篇语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
By spring 1944，Allied troops had been gathering in large numbers. This largest 1.________ (combine) sea，air and land operation in history aimed to free north?west Europe 2.________ German occupation. The date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for 6 June. At dawn on 6 June，thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France. Their objective was 3.________ (reach) the Normandy beaches. The fiercest fighting 4.________ (be)at Omaha Beach and by mid?morning，hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the 5.________ (tank) on the beach. Despite the high cost in human life，the D?Day landings were 6.________ success. By the end of August 1944，the Germans 7.________ (remove) from north?west France. Seventy years later，survivors came together for 8.________ (memory) ceremonies. 9.________ each year they are 10.________ (few) in number，we will always remember their outstanding acts of courage.
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2021·郑州模拟]Would you go to war for your country? Millions of people do. But occasionally, some refuse to fight. They're known as conscientious objectors (拒服兵役者). One of the most famous from the USA is Muhammad Ali.
Muhammad Ali was a professional boxer and one of the most outstanding sports figures of the 20th century. He was born on 17th January 1942 in Louisville (Kentucky) and began training as an amateur boxer when he was 12 years old. At the age of 18, he won a gold medal in the light heavy?weight division at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. He turned professional later that year. At the age of 22, he became the world heavyweight champion.
In 1965, he converted to Islam (伊斯兰教) and officially changed his name to Muhammad Ai. Shortly after, he was called up for military service to fight in the Vietnam War. He was firmly against the idea. “My enemy is the white people, not the Viet Cong (越共) ，” he explained. “You may oppose when I want freedom. You may oppose when I want justice. You may oppose when I want equality...You want me to go somewhere and fight, but you won't even stand up for me here at home？”
After refusing to _enlist_ during a sign?up ceremony in April 1967, Muhammad was arrested.
He was found guilty of draft evasion, and deprived of his boxing titles. As a result, he didn't fight from March 1967 to October 1970. He later became a symbol of the anti?war movement and racial injustice. In 1971, his conviction was overturned by the US Supreme Court. Muhammad Ali died on 3rd June 2016.
1．When was Ali awarded the world heavyweight champion?
A．In 1960. B．In 1965.
C．In 1964. D．In 1967.
2．From what Ali said, we can infer that ________.
A．He felt uncomfortable at home
B．He was afraid of fighting in the war
C．He changed his name because of the war
D．He didn't get treated fairly because of his color
3．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “enlist” ?
A．Accept the invitation. B．Join the army.
C．Take up boxing. D．Attend the meeting.
4．Why did Ali stop boxing from 1967 to 1970?
A．He wasn't allowed to box.
B．He was too weak to box.
C．He served in the army.
D．He wanted to have a break.
B
[2021·上海模拟]ARCHAEOLOGISTS (考古学家) GUIDED BY laser images of a remote region of northern Guatemala have discovered 20?foot?high walls, watchtowers, and other evidence that ancient Maya societies had been annoyed by warfare threat over many years. The finds have upended long?established impressions of a civilization that it tamed the jungle and built thriving cities，then declined and disappeared quietly beneath the dense tropical forest.
Among the most surprising discoveries was a large stone complex now called La Cuemavilla. Built on a steep ridge, the heavily fortified site included high walls. Moats which serves as the largest defensive system ever discovered in the region.
“This was surprising” says an archaeologist, because we had a tendency to romanticize Maya warfare as something that was largely ritualized. But the fortifications were seeing an elevated level of antagonism over centuries. Rulers were so deeply alarmed that they felt the need to invest in all these hilltop fortifications. There is an almost visible sense of fear in this landscape.
All these findings owe credit to PACUNAM LIDAR Initiative, a laser survey of some 800 square miles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve in northern Guatemala. Using revolutionary Laser technology, the survey revealed the long?hidden ruins of a sprawling pre?Columbian civilization that was far more complex and interconnected than most Maya specialists had supposed.
Guided by the new Laser treasure maps, the LIDAR team deployed through the jungle over the past year to conduct hands?on investigations of more than a dozen of the most promising sites—most of which would have been imperceptible without LIDAR.
“You could walk over the top of a major ruin and miss it, ”says an archaeologist, who's part of the PACUNA project. But LIDAR picks up the patterns and makes the features pop out with surprising clarity.
Three?dimensional maps generated by the survey yielded surprises even at Tikal, the largest and most extensively explored archaeological site in Guatemala. The ancient city was at least four times bigger than previously thought, and surrounded by a massive ditch and fortified base stretching for miles.
Archaeologists stress that LIDAR, for all its utility, will never see below the ground or yield direct dates of occupation. “we still need to dig and hack our way through the jungle, but now we have a very accurate map to guide us.
5．How did people think of Maya before the discovery of the defense ruins?
A．It was the most advanced civilization in the history of mankind.
B．It was long under the threat of large?scale wars.
C．Its rise and decline were under way peacefully.
D．It was finally destroyed by a large?scale war.
6．The underlined word antagonism is closest in meaning to ________.
A．misery B．revolution
C．population decrease D．opposition
7．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The military mechanism found in La Cuemavilla was intended for occupying more lands.
B．The new laser technology was mainly used to enlarge the original site size.
C．The LIDAR helps to avoid the traditional digging task in site exploration.
D．The Tikal site was found to be protected by certain defense works.
8．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．people' s long?time misunderstanding of Maya
civilization
B．discovery of Maya military works aided by new explore technology
C．the finding of a big warfare resulting in the disappearance of Maya civilization
D．The various advantages of new technologies in the field of archaeology
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2021·青岛模拟]Most of us go through some hardships in life. But few things match the __1__ brought upon people by the genocide (种族灭绝) of Jews during World War II and it's still __2__ people nowadays. Luckily, today's story has a happy __3__ for two men and their families. The two cousins __4__ got to meet after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀)．
Morris and Simon were best friends as kids __5__ the Nazis invaded their country Romania in 1940. However, their families lost __6__ as they didn't flee the country together. Both grew up believing the other died. Until some time ago their children __7__ the two families on Facebook.
Morris' niece came across Simon's daughter while __8__ for relatives online only to find out that Simon is __9__ in the UK. Morris settles in Israel. It took some time but they organized a __10__ for the two long?lost men in Tel Aviv, Israel. Someone recorded a video of this emotional meeting and __11__ it online, leaving people all over the world __12__.
__13__ the fact that both men are in their 80's, they plan to keep in touch and see each other often, reconstructing the beautiful __14__ they had as children. And it will surely not __15__ with time.
1．A.gains B．embarrassment
C．sufferings D．hope
2．A.encouraging B．reaching
C．leading D．affecting
3．A.ending B．plot
C．background D．design
4．A.hurriedly B．eventually
C．suddenly D．unwillingly
5．A.since B．before
C．but D．though
6．A.contact B．relation
C．news D．approach
7．A.found B．responded
C．called D．reconnected
8．A.searching B．asking
C．hoping D．waiting
9．A.happy B．sociable
C．alive D．safe
10．A.party B．dinner
C．reunion D．travel
11．A.mailed B．shared
C．donated D．supplied
12．A.in silence B．in doubt
C．in panic D．in tears
13．A.Despite B．Beyond
C．Though D．In case of
14．A.wishes B．understanding
C．friendship D．ideas
15．A.pass B．come
C．show D．decline
参考答案
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．across 2.to 3.freedom 4.combined 5.memorable
6．emergency 7.to 8.was condemned 9.it
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．in memory of 2.keep in touch with 3.free of charge 4.spent sitting at a desk
Ⅲ.语篇语法填空
1．combined 2.from 3.to reach 4.was 5.tanks 6.a 7.had been removed 8.memorial 9.Although 10.fewer
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
1．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“He was born on 17th January 1942 in Louisville (Kentucky)和At the age of 22, he became the world heavyweight champion.”阿里出生于1942年，22岁时成为世界重量级冠军。可知，阿里成为世界重量级冠军是在1964年。故选C。
2．D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“‘My enemy is the white people, not the Viet Cong(越共) ，’ he explained.”可知，阿里认为，他的敌人是白人，而不是越共。从而可以推断出，因为他的肤色，他没有得到公平的对待。故选D。
3．B 词义猜测题。根据上文中“Shortly after, he was called up for military service to fight in the Vietnam War. He was firmly against the idea.”他被征召入伍参加越南战争。他坚决反对这个想法，和下文中“He was found guilty of draft evasion, and deprived of his boxing titles.”他被判逃避兵役，可以猜测出，这里为“穆罕默德拒绝入伍，随后被逮捕。”之意。故选B。
4．A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“He was found guilty of draft evasion, and deprived of his boxing titles. As a result, he didn't fight from March 1967 to October 1970.”他被判逃避兵役，并被剥夺了拳击冠军头衔，可知从1967年3月到1970年10月，他不被允许打拳击。故选A。
5．C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“The finds have upended long?established impressions ... beneath the dense tropical forest.”可知，发现颠覆了长久以来人们对文明的印象。文明曾驯服丛林，建设繁荣的城市，然后衰落，静静地消失在茂密的热带森林之下。从而可以推断出，在发现防御遗址之前，人们都认为玛雅的崛起和衰落都是和平进行的。故选C。
6．D 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中“This was surprising says an archaeologist, “because we had a tendency to romanticize Maya warfare as something that was largely ritualized.”考古学家倾向于把玛雅战争浪漫化，认为它在很大程度上是仪式化的，及转折词but 提示，可知，这些防御工事表明，几个世纪以来双方的对抗程度有所上升。从而猜测出antogonism 在文中是“对抗；敌对”的意思。故选D。
7．D 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Three?dimensional maps generated by the survey yielded ... fortified base stretching for miles.”可知，蒂卡尔遗址被一条巨大的壕沟和绵延数英里的防御基地所包围，受其保护。故选D。
8．B 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“ARCHAEOLOGISTS (考古学家) GUIDED BY laser images of a remote region of northern Guatemala...beneath the dense tropical forest.”及其全文可知，本文主要讲了在新科技的帮助下发现玛雅军工厂。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
1．C 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“Most of us go through some hardships in life.”可知此处用“苦难”符合语境，hardship和suffering是同义词复现，故选C。
2．D 考查动词词义辨析。结合常识可知，纳粹给犹太人带来的苦难，影响了他们几代人，encouraging鼓励； reaching达到；leading通向； affecting影响。故选D。
3．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的“The two cousins __4__ got to meet after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀)．”可知两兄弟在75年后见面了，这是个幸福的结局， ending结局；plot情节； background背景； design设计。故选A。
4．B 考查副词词义辨析。根据下文的“after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀)．”可知此处用“最终”符合语境， hurriedly匆忙地； eventually最终； suddenly突然； unwillingly不乐意地。故选B。
5．B 考查连词词义辨析。根据下文“they didn't flee the country together.”可知他们后来分开了，所以此处讲述的纳粹入侵之前的事情。故选B。
6．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的“they didn't flee the country together.”可知此处用“失去联系”符合语境， contact联系；relation关系； news新闻；approach方法，途径。故选A。
7．D 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“they plan to keep in touch and see each other often”可知两个老人取得了联系，由此推测，他们的孩子使两个家庭重新联系上了，found发现；responded回答；called打电话； reconnected重新联系。故选D。
8．A 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的“Facebook”和下文的“online”可知此处用“搜索”符合语境。故选A。
9．C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文的“Both grew up believing the other died.”可知此处用“活着的”符合语境，die和alive是反义词复现。故选C。
10．C 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“the two long?lost men”可知此处用“重聚”符合语境，reunion重聚。故选C。
11．B 考查动词词义辨析。 根据下文的“it online”可知，此处是指把视频分享到了网上，mailed邮寄；shared分享； donated捐赠；supplied提供。故选B。
12．D 考查介词短语辨析。结合上下文可知，此处是指两个老人75年后重聚的场面让人们流下了感动的泪水，in silence安静地；in doubt怀疑地； in panic恐慌地；in tears流着泪。故选D。
13．A 考查介词词义辨析。结合上下文可知，此处是指尽管年龄很大了，但两位老人还是决定要保持联系。though也有此意，但它是连词，而此处需要介词，故选A。
14．C 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“Morris and Simon were best friends as kids”可知此处用“友谊”符合语境， wishes愿望；understanding理解； friendship友谊； ideas主意。故选C。
15．D 考查动词词义辨析。结合上下文可知，两位老人的友谊在75年后还保持不变，那么在将来也不会随着时间而消退，decline消退。故选D。
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．[2020·浙江卷]Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright (剧作家) hopes to get ________ through dialogue and action.
2．[2018·浙江卷]“Don't be late for supper，” Uncle Paul cried，“and keep _________ the track so that you don't get lost！”
3．[2020·浙江1月卷]I took advantage of my brief ________ (free) to dash across the lawn (草坪)—and hit a large maple tree!
4．[2020·江苏卷]Technological innovations, ________ (combine)with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
5．[2019·江苏卷]Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has something to see or do to make your visit truly ________ (memorize).
6．[2020·江苏卷]The public health ________ (emerge)response was lowered to Level 2 in the Beijing?Tianjin?Hebei region.
7．[2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]Learning that you're coming to visit one of your Chinese friends, I'm now writing to tell you some details relevant ________ it.
8．He ________ (condemn)to spend the rest of the football season on the bench.
9．[2020·江苏卷]Building such a bridge over the bay was a hard nut to crack, but the local government made ________ within two years.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．彼得斯于1984年去世，一座10英尺高的木质松鼠雕塑被放置在桥附近，以纪念它的建造者和他对该项目的贡献。
Peters died in 1984, and a ten?foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge ________________________ its builder and his devotion to the project.
2．我需要一部手机与我的朋友和家人保持联系，而且在网上几乎所有的信息都可以收集到。
I need a call to ________________ my friends and family，and almost all information can be gathered on the Internet.
3．请确保您随身携带现有的卡。您的新卡将免费提供。
[2020·天津卷]Please ensure that you bring your existing card with you. Your replacement card will be produced ________________________.
4．由于办公室职员在书桌前坐得太久，所以他们普遍被健康问题困扰。
Much time ________________________________， office
workers are generally troubled by health problems.
Ⅲ.语篇语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
By spring 1944，Allied troops had been gathering in large numbers. This largest 1.________ (combine) sea，air and land operation in history aimed to free north?west Europe 2.________ German occupation. The date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for 6 June. At dawn on 6 June，thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France. Their objective was 3.________ (reach) the Normandy beaches. The fiercest fighting 4.________ (be)at Omaha Beach and by mid?morning，hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the 5.________ (tank) on the beach. Despite the high cost in human life，the D?Day landings were 6.________ success. By the end of August 1944，the Germans 7.________ (remove) from north?west France. Seventy years later，survivors came together for 8.________ (memory) ceremonies. 9.________ each year they are 10.________ (few) in number，we will always remember their outstanding acts of courage.
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2021·郑州模拟]Would you go to war for your country? Millions of people do. But occasionally, some refuse to fight. They're known as conscientious objectors (拒服兵役者). One of the most famous from the USA is Muhammad Ali.
Muhammad Ali was a professional boxer and one of the most outstanding sports figures of the 20th century. He was born on 17th January 1942 in Louisville (Kentucky) and began training as an amateur boxer when he was 12 years old. At the age of 18, he won a gold medal in the light heavy?weight division at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. He turned professional later that year. At the age of 22, he became the world heavyweight champion.
In 1965, he converted to Islam (伊斯兰教) and officially changed his name to Muhammad Ai. Shortly after, he was called up for military service to fight in the Vietnam War. He was firmly against the idea. “My enemy is the white people, not the Viet Cong (越共) ，” he explained. “You may oppose when I want freedom. You may oppose when I want justice. You may oppose when I want equality...You want me to go somewhere and fight, but you won't even stand up for me here at home？”
After refusing to _enlist_ during a sign?up ceremony in April 1967, Muhammad was arrested.
He was found guilty of draft evasion, and deprived of his boxing titles. As a result, he didn't fight from March 1967 to October 1970. He later became a symbol of the anti?war movement and racial injustice. In 1971, his conviction was overturned by the US Supreme Court. Muhammad Ali died on 3rd June 2016.
1．When was Ali awarded the world heavyweight champion?
A．In 1960. B．In 1965.
C．In 1964. D．In 1967.
2．From what Ali said, we can infer that ________.
A．He felt uncomfortable at home
B．He was afraid of fighting in the war
C．He changed his name because of the war
D．He didn't get treated fairly because of his color
3．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “enlist” ?
A．Accept the invitation. B．Join the army.
C．Take up boxing. D．Attend the meeting.
4．Why did Ali stop boxing from 1967 to 1970?
A．He wasn't allowed to box.
B．He was too weak to box.
C．He served in the army.
D．He wanted to have a break.
B
[2021·上海模拟]ARCHAEOLOGISTS (考古学家) GUIDED BY laser images of a remote region of northern Guatemala have discovered 20?foot?high walls, watchtowers, and other evidence that ancient Maya societies had been annoyed by warfare threat over many years. The finds have upended long?established impressions of a civilization that it tamed the jungle and built thriving cities，then declined and disappeared quietly beneath the dense tropical forest.
Among the most surprising discoveries was a large stone complex now called La Cuemavilla. Built on a steep ridge, the heavily fortified site included high walls. Moats which serves as the largest defensive system ever discovered in the region.
“This was surprising” says an archaeologist, because we had a tendency to romanticize Maya warfare as something that was largely ritualized. But the fortifications were seeing an elevated level of antagonism over centuries. Rulers were so deeply alarmed that they felt the need to invest in all these hilltop fortifications. There is an almost visible sense of fear in this landscape.
All these findings owe credit to PACUNAM LIDAR Initiative, a laser survey of some 800 square miles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve in northern Guatemala. Using revolutionary Laser technology, the survey revealed the long?hidden ruins of a sprawling pre?Columbian civilization that was far more complex and interconnected than most Maya specialists had supposed.
Guided by the new Laser treasure maps, the LIDAR team deployed through the jungle over the past year to conduct hands?on investigations of more than a dozen of the most promising sites—most of which would have been imperceptible without LIDAR.
“You could walk over the top of a major ruin and miss it, ”says an archaeologist, who's part of the PACUNA project. But LIDAR picks up the patterns and makes the features pop out with surprising clarity.
Three?dimensional maps generated by the survey yielded surprises even at Tikal, the largest and most extensively explored archaeological site in Guatemala. The ancient city was at least four times bigger than previously thought, and surrounded by a massive ditch and fortified base stretching for miles.
Archaeologists stress that LIDAR, for all its utility, will never see below the ground or yield direct dates of occupation. “we still need to dig and hack our way through the jungle, but now we have a very accurate map to guide us.
5．How did people think of Maya before the discovery of the defense ruins?
A．It was the most advanced civilization in the history of mankind.
B．It was long under the threat of large?scale wars.
C．Its rise and decline were under way peacefully.
D．It was finally destroyed by a large?scale war.
6．The underlined word antagonism is closest in meaning to ________.
A．misery B．revolution
C．population decrease D．opposition
7．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The military mechanism found in La Cuemavilla was intended for occupying more lands.
B．The new laser technology was mainly used to enlarge the original site size.
C．The LIDAR helps to avoid the traditional digging task in site exploration.
D．The Tikal site was found to be protected by certain defense works.
8．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．people' s long?time misunderstanding of Maya
civilization
B．discovery of Maya military works aided by new explore technology
C．the finding of a big warfare resulting in the disappearance of Maya civilization
D．The various advantages of new technologies in the field of archaeology
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2021·青岛模拟]Most of us go through some hardships in life. But few things match the __1__ brought upon people by the genocide (种族灭绝) of Jews during World War II and it's still __2__ people nowadays. Luckily, today's story has a happy __3__ for two men and their families. The two cousins __4__ got to meet after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀)．
Morris and Simon were best friends as kids __5__ the Nazis invaded their country Romania in 1940. However, their families lost __6__ as they didn't flee the country together. Both grew up believing the other died. Until some time ago their children __7__ the two families on Facebook.
Morris' niece came across Simon's daughter while __8__ for relatives online only to find out that Simon is __9__ in the UK. Morris settles in Israel. It took some time but they organized a __10__ for the two long?lost men in Tel Aviv, Israel. Someone recorded a video of this emotional meeting and __11__ it online, leaving people all over the world __12__.
__13__ the fact that both men are in their 80's, they plan to keep in touch and see each other often, reconstructing the beautiful __14__ they had as children. And it will surely not __15__ with time.
1．A.gains B．embarrassment
C．sufferings D．hope
2．A.encouraging B．reaching
C．leading D．affecting
3．A.ending B．plot
C．background D．design
4．A.hurriedly B．eventually
C．suddenly D．unwillingly
5．A.since B．before
C．but D．though
6．A.contact B．relation
C．news D．approach
7．A.found B．responded
C．called D．reconnected
8．A.searching B．asking
C．hoping D．waiting
9．A.happy B．sociable
C．alive D．safe
10．A.party B．dinner
C．reunion D．travel
11．A.mailed B．shared
C．donated D．supplied
12．A.in silence B．in doubt
C．in panic D．in tears
13．A.Despite B．Beyond
C．Though D．In case of
14．A.wishes B．understanding
C．friendship D．ideas
15．A.pass B．come
C．show D．decline
参考答案
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．across 2.to 3.freedom 4.combined 5.memorable
6．emergency 7.to 8.was condemned 9.it
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．in memory of 2.keep in touch with 3.free of charge 4.spent sitting at a desk
Ⅲ.语篇语法填空
1．combined 2.from 3.to reach 4.was 5.tanks 6.a 7.had been removed 8.memorial 9.Although 10.fewer
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
1．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“He was born on 17th January 1942 in Louisville (Kentucky)和At the age of 22, he became the world heavyweight champion.”阿里出生于1942年，22岁时成为世界重量级冠军。可知，阿里成为世界重量级冠军是在1964年。故选C。
2．D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“‘My enemy is the white people, not the Viet Cong(越共) ，’ he explained.”可知，阿里认为，他的敌人是白人，而不是越共。从而可以推断出，因为他的肤色，他没有得到公平的对待。故选D。
3．B 词义猜测题。根据上文中“Shortly after, he was called up for military service to fight in the Vietnam War. He was firmly against the idea.”他被征召入伍参加越南战争。他坚决反对这个想法，和下文中“He was found guilty of draft evasion, and deprived of his boxing titles.”他被判逃避兵役，可以猜测出，这里为“穆罕默德拒绝入伍，随后被逮捕。”之意。故选B。
4．A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“He was found guilty of draft evasion, and deprived of his boxing titles. As a result, he didn't fight from March 1967 to October 1970.”他被判逃避兵役，并被剥夺了拳击冠军头衔，可知从1967年3月到1970年10月，他不被允许打拳击。故选A。
5．C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“The finds have upended long?established impressions ... beneath the dense tropical forest.”可知，发现颠覆了长久以来人们对文明的印象。文明曾驯服丛林，建设繁荣的城市，然后衰落，静静地消失在茂密的热带森林之下。从而可以推断出，在发现防御遗址之前，人们都认为玛雅的崛起和衰落都是和平进行的。故选C。
6．D 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中“This was surprising says an archaeologist, “because we had a tendency to romanticize Maya warfare as something that was largely ritualized.”考古学家倾向于把玛雅战争浪漫化，认为它在很大程度上是仪式化的，及转折词but 提示，可知，这些防御工事表明，几个世纪以来双方的对抗程度有所上升。从而猜测出antogonism 在文中是“对抗；敌对”的意思。故选D。
7．D 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Three?dimensional maps generated by the survey yielded ... fortified base stretching for miles.”可知，蒂卡尔遗址被一条巨大的壕沟和绵延数英里的防御基地所包围，受其保护。故选D。
8．B 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“ARCHAEOLOGISTS (考古学家) GUIDED BY laser images of a remote region of northern Guatemala...beneath the dense tropical forest.”及其全文可知，本文主要讲了在新科技的帮助下发现玛雅军工厂。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
1．C 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“Most of us go through some hardships in life.”可知此处用“苦难”符合语境，hardship和suffering是同义词复现，故选C。
2．D 考查动词词义辨析。结合常识可知，纳粹给犹太人带来的苦难，影响了他们几代人，encouraging鼓励； reaching达到；leading通向； affecting影响。故选D。
3．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的“The two cousins __4__ got to meet after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀)．”可知两兄弟在75年后见面了，这是个幸福的结局， ending结局；plot情节； background背景； design设计。故选A。
4．B 考查副词词义辨析。根据下文的“after being separated 75 years ago during the holocaust (大屠杀)．”可知此处用“最终”符合语境， hurriedly匆忙地； eventually最终； suddenly突然； unwillingly不乐意地。故选B。
5．B 考查连词词义辨析。根据下文“they didn't flee the country together.”可知他们后来分开了，所以此处讲述的纳粹入侵之前的事情。故选B。
6．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的“they didn't flee the country together.”可知此处用“失去联系”符合语境， contact联系；relation关系； news新闻；approach方法，途径。故选A。
7．D 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“they plan to keep in touch and see each other often”可知两个老人取得了联系，由此推测，他们的孩子使两个家庭重新联系上了，found发现；responded回答；called打电话； reconnected重新联系。故选D。
8．A 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的“Facebook”和下文的“online”可知此处用“搜索”符合语境。故选A。
9．C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文的“Both grew up believing the other died.”可知此处用“活着的”符合语境，die和alive是反义词复现。故选C。
10．C 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“the two long?lost men”可知此处用“重聚”符合语境，reunion重聚。故选C。
11．B 考查动词词义辨析。 根据下文的“it online”可知，此处是指把视频分享到了网上，mailed邮寄；shared分享； donated捐赠；supplied提供。故选B。
12．D 考查介词短语辨析。结合上下文可知，此处是指两个老人75年后重聚的场面让人们流下了感动的泪水，in silence安静地；in doubt怀疑地； in panic恐慌地；in tears流着泪。故选D。
13．A 考查介词词义辨析。结合上下文可知，此处是指尽管年龄很大了，但两位老人还是决定要保持联系。though也有此意，但它是连词，而此处需要介词，故选A。
14．C 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“Morris and Simon were best friends as kids”可知此处用“友谊”符合语境， wishes愿望；understanding理解； friendship友谊； ideas主意。故选C。
15．D 考查动词词义辨析。结合上下文可知，两位老人的友谊在75年后还保持不变，那么在将来也不会随着时间而消退，decline消退。故选D。