Unit 2 Topic 1 Pollution has causes too many problems.教材全解

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit
2
Topic
1?Pollution
has
caused
too
many
problems.
一、重点词汇
bee蜜蜂
butterfly蝴蝶；蝶泳
mess肮脏，杂乱；困境
shame羞耻，羞愧
several几个，数个
pour倒出；倾泻；不断流出
waste废弃的，丢弃的，无用的；浪费
villager村民，乡下人
destroy摧毁，破灭
pollute污染
goodness天啊；啊呀
breathe呼吸
pain疼，痛，痛苦
produce生产，制造
chest胸部，胸膛
awful很坏的，极讨厌的
bear承受，忍受
editor主编，编辑
breath一次吸入的空气
soil土壤；土地
harmful有害的
deaf聋的
print印刷
hearing听力，听觉
loss丧失；损失；丢失
recently不久前；最近
disturb打扰；扰乱
uncomfortable令人不舒服的
unpleasant令人不快的；不舒服的
sort种类；品种；整理；把……分类
environmental环境的
including包括……在内
onto向，朝
sentence句子；判决，宣判
coal煤；煤块
create造成；创造
blood血
planet行星
二、重点词组
1.
chemical
factory?
化工厂
2.
pour…
into…??
把……排放到……
3.
in
a
bad
mood??
处在不好的情绪中
4.
manage
to
do
sth.?
设法去做某事
5.
do
harm
to
…/be
harmful
to…（尤指健康或环境）有害的
6.
quite
a
few?
相当多
7.
no
better
than?同…….一样差
8.
in
pubic??
公开地
9.
all
sorts
of??
各种各样的
10.in
many
ways
在许多方面
11.cut
down砍倒
12.high
blood
pressure高血压
三、
重点句型
1.
Look,
there
are
several
chemical
factories
pouring
waste
water
into
the
streams.
看,
有几家化工厂正往河里排放废水.
2.
Everything
has
changed.一切已发生了变化.
3.
How
long
have
you
been
like
this?
你像这样多长时间了?
4.
I’m
always
in
a
bad
mood
because
I
can’t
stand
the
environment
here.
我的情绪总是很差因为我受不了这里的环境.
5.
However,
not
all
people
know
that
noise
is
also
a
kind
of
pollution
and
is
harmful
to
humans’
health.
然而,并非所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染,
而且有害于人类健康.
四、
语法
直接引语和间接引语
1.
Granny
said,
“I’m
feeling
even
worse.”
Granny
said
that
she
was
feeling
even
worse.
2.
“
Do
you
still
want
to
live
here,
Granny?”
the
journalist
asked.
The
journalist
asked
Granny
if
she
still
wanted
to
live
there.
3.
“
How
is
the
environment
around
this
place?”
the
journalist
asked.
The
journalist
asked
how
the
environment
around
that
place
was.
语法
——现在完成时(IV)
He
had
an
accident
yesterday.
We
have
already
sent
him
to
the
hospital.
五、知识点解析
Section
A
一、主题课文翻译
1a:(Kangkang,
Jane,
Maria
and
Michael
are
planning
a
picnic
for
Sunday.)（康康、简、玛丽亚和迈克尔正在为周日计划一次野炊。）
Kangkang,
where
shall
we
go
?
康康，我们要去哪儿？
What
about
the
West
Hill?
I
went
there
two
years
ago.
It
was
a
beautiful
place.
There
were
lots
of
flowers
and
grass.
The
air
was
fresh
and
the
water
was
clean,
and
you
could
see
bees
and
butterflies
dancing.
去西山怎么样？我两年前去过那儿。那是是一个漂亮的地方，有许多花草。那里空气新鲜，流水清澈，而且你还能看到蜜蜂和蝴蝶在飞舞。
Sounds
great!
Let's
go
there.听起来不错！我们去那儿吧！
(On
Sunday,
they
come
to
the
West
Hill.)（星期天，他们来到了西山。）
Oh,
What
a
mess!
The
flowers
and
grass
have
gone!
The
water
is
so
dirty.
It
smells
terrible.
What
has
happened
here?
噢，多么脏乱啊！花和草都没了，水太脏了，难闻极了。这儿发生了什么事？
What
a
shame!
Look,
there
are
several
chemical
factories
pouring
waste
water
into
the
stream.
多么遗憾啊！看，有几座化工厂正往小溪里排放废水。
Everything
has
changed.
一切都变样了。
Do
you
still
want
to
have
a
picnic
here?你们还想在这儿野炊吗？
Of
course
not.当然不。
二、知识精解
1.
The
flowers
and
grass
have
gone!
go在此处是不及物动词，意为“不复存在，不见了，丢失，失窃”
eg.
My
new
bike
has
gone.
I
can’t
find
it.
我的新自行车不见了，我找不到它了。
2.
It
smells
terrible.
系动词的分类
(1)表示状态的系动词
be;
feel;
smell;
sound;
taste;
seem;
appear;
look;
keep;
remain;
stay;
stand
(2)
表示转变或结果的系动词
become;
turn;
grow;
fall;
get;
go;
come
3.
Look,
there
are
several
chemical
factories
pouring
waste
water
into
the
stream.
(1)
There
be
+
sth./sb.
doing
sth.
为固定句型，意为“有某人或某物正在做某事”
(2)
pouring
...
into把…倒入
(3)
waste
adj.
废弃的，无用的
n.
浪费，废弃物
v.
浪费
Section
B
一、主题课文翻译
1a：(Mrs.
Zhou
is
coughing.
She
looks
weak.)（周太太正在咳嗽，她看起来很虚弱。）
Good
morning,
Mrs.
Zhou.
What's
wrong
with
you?早上好，周太太。您怎么了？
Oh,
Kangkang.
It's
difficult
for
me
to
breathe.
I’ve
got
a
pain
my
throat.
哦，康康。我呼吸困难。我的喉咙痛。
How
long
have
you
been
like
this?
您像这样多长时间了？
I've
been
like
this
since
last
week.
?自从上个星期以来我就一直这样。
Have
you
seen
a
doctor?
您看过医生了吗？
Not
yet.
The
chemical
factory
produces
terrible
gas.
The
bad
air
makes
my
chest
hurt.
What's
worse,
the
factory
makes
too
much
noise
and
I
can't
sleep
well
at
night.还没有。化工厂难闻的气体。糟糕的空气使我觉得胸疼。更糟糕的是，化工厂制造了太多噪音，我晚上也睡不好觉。
That's
too
bad.那太糟糕了。
Yes,
it
is
really
awful.
I'm
always
in
a
bad
mood
because
I
can't
bear
the
environment
here.
Anyway,
I
hope
the
government
will
solve
this
problem
soon.
By
the
way,
have
you
noticed
the
dead
fish
in
the
river?
是的，真的太可怕了。我总是心情很差，因为我不能忍受这里的环境了。无论如何，我希望政府能快点儿解决这个问题。顺便问一下，你注意到河里的死鱼了吗？
Oh,
yes.
Pollution
caused
too
many
problems.
I
think
I
should
write
to
the
newspaper
about
these
problems.
But
now
you'd
better
go
to
see
a
doctor.
噢，是的，污染引发太多问题了。我想我应该把这些问题写信反映给报社，但现在你最好去看医生。
二、知识精解
1.
It’s
difficult
for
me
to
breathe.
breathe
v.
呼吸
breathe
out
呼出；
breathe
in
吸入
注意：breath
n.
take
a
deep
breath
深深地吸一口气；
hold
one’s
breath
屏住呼吸
be
out
of
breath停止呼吸
2.
I’ve
got
a
pain
in
my
throat.
pain
n.
疼痛；痛苦。
have
a
pain
in+身体某部位：表示身体某部位疼痛。
拓展：No
pain,
no
gains.没有痛苦就没有收获。
painful
痛苦的
painless
没有痛苦的；无痛的
3.
The
chemical
factory
produces
terrible
gas.
produce
v.
出产，生产，制造
n.
product
产品[c]
【辨析】make和produce
make
做，建造，生产
（普通用语，主语多为人，有时也可为生产某个物品的某个地点）
produce
产生，生产，制造
（正式用语，主语可为人，也可为物）
4.
What’s
worse,
the
factory
makes
too
much
noise
and
I
can’t
sleep
well
at
night.
What’s
worse
更糟糕得是，用于描述形势得恶化。
What’s
more
而且，并且，更为重要得是
5.
...
I
can’t
bear
the
environment
here.
bear
v.
容忍
can’t
bear
sb.
/
sth.
bear
doing
/to
do
sth.
拓展：stand
也有容忍，忍受的意思。
6.
Anyway,
I
hope
the
government
will
solve
this
problem
soon.
anyway
adv.
“
无论如何”
通常用于转换话题，结束谈话回到原话题。
hope
to
do
sth.
hope
that+从句
wish
to
do
sth.
wish
that+从句
wish
sb.
to
do
sth
wish
sb.
sth.
注意:
hope
n.
希望；
wish
n.
祝愿，祝福
7.
Light
pollution
is
harmful
to
birds.
harmful
adj.
对......有害的
be
harmful
to
对......有害
harm
n.
损害；伤害，危害
do
harm
to
对.....造成伤害
Section
C
一、主题课文翻译
In
today’s
world,
almost
everyone
knows
air
pollution
is
harmful
to
people’s
health.
However,
not
all
people
know
noise
is
also
a
kind
of
pollution
and
is
harmful
to
humans’
health.
People
who
work
and
live
in
noisy
conditions
often
go
deaf.
For
example,
many
of
the
workers
who
print
newspapers
and
books
lose
their
hearing.
Quite
a
few
people
living
near
airports
also
have
hearing
loss.
Recently,
it
is
reported
that
many
teenagers
in
America
can
hear
no
better
than
65-year-old
people
do,
because
these
young
people
always
listen
to
loud
pop
music.
Making
a
loud
noise
in
public
is
also
a
kind
of
pollution.
It
not
only
disturbs
others
but
also
does
great
harm
to
people’s
hearing.
Cars
and
machines
also
produce
too
much
noise.
Such
pollution
makes
people
feel
uncomfortable
and
unpleasant,
and
it
can
even
cause
them
to
become
sick
or
deaf.
Nowadays,
many
countries
are
trying
to
solve
all
sorts
of
environmental
problems,
including
noise
pollution.
在当今世界，几乎每个人都知道，空气污染对人们的健康有害。然而，并不是所有的人都知道噪声也是一种污染并且对人类的健康一样有害。
在噪音条件下工作和生活的人经常变聋。例如，印刷报纸和书的工人多数失去听力。很多生活在机场附近的人也丧失了听力。近来，有报道说，美国许多青少年的听力几乎和65岁的老人一样差，因为这些年轻人总喜欢听劲爆的流行音乐。
在公共场制造太大的噪音也是一种污染。它不仅打扰了别人，而且严重损害听力。汽车和机器也会产生很多噪音，这样污染使人们感到不舒服，不愉快，甚至可能使他们生病或变聋。现在，许多国家正在努力解决各种环境问题，包括噪音污染。
二、知识精解
1.
However,
not
all
people
know
noise
is
also
a
kind
of
pollution
and
is
harmful
to
people’s
health.
not
all……
不是所有的，表示部分否定。not
与every,
both,
all等连用时表示部分否定。
拓展表示全部否定的词有：neither,
none,
nothing,
nobody,
no
one
等。
例如：None
of
what
they
said
was
right.
2.
People
who
work
and
live
in
noisy
conditions
often
go
deaf.
go
deaf
变聋。
拓展“go+形容词”多表示“(从好的状态)变成坏的状态”。
例如：In
hot
weather，meat
goes
bad
easily.
在天热的时候，肉很容易变质。
3.
For
example,
many
of
the
workers
who
print
newspapers
and
books
lose
their
hearing.
lose
one’s
hearing
丧失听力=have
hearing
loss
4.
It
was
reported
that
many
teenagers
in
America
can
hear
no
better
than
65-year-old
people
do.
It
was
reported
that......
据报道……It
is
said
that
......
据说……，It
is
believed
that
......
人们相信……It
is
well
known
that
......
众所周知……
no
better
than
=
almost
as
bad
/
badly
as
不比……好，和……一样糟
例如：His
English
speaking
is
no
better
than
my
sister’s.
5.
Cars
and
machines
also
produce
too
much
noise.
too
much
太多
+
不可n.
例如：I
drank
too
much
cola
last
night．昨天晚上我可乐喝得太多了。
much
too
太
+
adj./
adv.
例如：It's
much
too
cold．天气实在太冷了
Section
D
一、主题课文翻译
Simple
Past
&
Present
Perfect一般过去时和现在完成时
1.
I
went
there
two
years
ago.我两年前去过那儿。
2.
There
were
lots
of
flowers
and
grass.那儿有许多花草。
3.What
has
happened
here?
那里发生了什么？
4.I
have
been
like
this
since
last
week.
我自从上个星期以来就一直这样。
5.The
flowers
and
grass
have
gone!
花和草都没了。
Functions功能
1.Oh,
What
a
mess!噢，多么脏乱啊！
2.
There
are
several
chemical
factories
pouring
waste
water
into
the
stream.有几家化工厂正往小溪里排放废水。
3.
What's
worse,
the
factory
makes
too
much
noise
and
I
can't
sleep
well
at
night.更糟糕的是，化工厂制造了太多
噪音，我晚上也睡不好觉。
4.
Noise
is
harmful
to
humans’
health.噪音对人们的健康有害。
5.
People
who
work
and
live
in
noisy
conditions
often
go
deaf.
在噪音条件下，工作和生活的人经常变聋。
6.
…many
teenagers
in
America
can
hear
no
better
than
65-year-old
people
do,…
…美国许多青少年的听力几乎
和65岁的老人一样差,…
7.
…does
great
harm
to
people’s
hearing.
…严重损害人们的听力。
二、知识精解
1.
There
are
many
kinds
of
pollution
around
us,
including
air
pollution,
soil
pollution,
noise
pollution
and
light
pollution.
①include是动词.意思是包含,包括,
including
是介词，后一般接名词。
②各种各样的污染：air
pollution,
soil
pollution,
noise
pollution,
water
pollution,
light
pollution.
2.
In
the
fields,
farmers
use
too
many
chemicals
which
destroy
the
soil.
①
chemical作名词时，意为“化学品”，在此指“化肥和农药”。作形容词时意为“化学的”。
②
which
destroy
the
soil
是定语从句，修饰chemicals。
3.
For
example,
people
may
lose
their
hearing
if
they
work
in
a
noisy
place
for
a
long
time.
①
lose
one’s
hearing
丧失听力=hearing
loss(名词短语，可数)
②
noise
噪音，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。
n.
noisy
嘈杂的，吵闹的
adj.
区别：
voice
嗓音，一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌。
sound
作“声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。
Eg.
Don’t
make
any
noise!
Light
travels
much
faster
than
sound.
The
girl
has
a
beautiful
voice.
(?http:?/??/?www.?/?s?wd=%E5%85%89%E7%9A%84%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD&hl_tag=textlink&tn=SE_hldp01350_v6v6zkg6"
\t
"_blank?)
4.
With
less
pollution,
our
planet
will
become
greener
and
our
health
will
be
better.
Let’s
be
greener
people.
①
with
在此意为“随着”
eg.
with
the
increase
in
pollution…
with
the
development
of…
②
第二个greener
意为“环保的，赞成环保的”。
5.
重点词组串烧
be
bad
for
对……有害
in
many
ways
在许多方面
breathing
problem
呼吸系统问题
breath
n.
呼吸
breathe
呼吸
v.
put…
into
把……放入
go
deaf
变聋
high
blood
pressure
高血压
一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
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