Unit 2 Topic 3 What can we do to protect the environment?教材全解

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit
2
Topic
3
What
can
we
do
at
home
to
protect
the
environment?
一、重点词汇
protection
n.
保护,防卫
organization
n.
组织,机构,团体
recycle
n.
回收利用,再利用
plastic
adj.
塑料的
can
n.
(美)罐子,罐头
nod
v.
点头
agreement
n.
同意,一致,协议
disagreement
n.
分歧,争论
battery
n.
电池
electricity
n.
电,电能
distance
n.
距离
cloth
n.
织物,布料
action
n.
行为;行动
nuclear
adj.
原子核的;核动力的
biogas
n.
沼气
technology
n.
技术
straw
n.
禾秆,稻草
renewable
adj.
可更新的,可再生的
shortage
n.
不利因素;障碍
process
n.&v.
步骤,过程,加工,处理
require
v.
需要,要求
electric
adj.
用电的;电动的
best-known
最知名的
German
n.
德国人;德语
per
prep.
每,每一
wheel
n.
轮;轮子
efficient
adj.
效率高的,有能力的
guide
n.
向导,导游;指南,手册
path
n.
道路,途径
steel
n.
钢铁
wave
n.&v.
挥手;海浪
deep
adj.&adv.
深的,厚的;深深地
source
n.
来源,出处;源头
worldwide
adv.
全世界;世界各地
sunlight
n.
阳光
steam
n.
水蒸气,蒸汽
remove
v.
去除,使消失,移开
replace
v.
替代,取代
dry
adj.&v.
干燥的,雨少的;擦干
insect
n.
昆虫
bite
v.
咬;叮
planter
n.
种植园主
二、重点词组
1.
not
only…but
also…不仅……而且……
2.
be
supposed
to
应该
3.
ought
to
应该
4.
turn
off?
关掉
5.
instead
of??
代替
6.
on
time??
准时
7.
make
sure
确保
8.
push
forward向前推
9.
push
down??
向下
10.pull
up?
向上拉
11.hurry
up
赶快,快点
12.give
up
放弃
13.after
all
毕竟
14.acid
rain
酸雨
15.maglev
train
磁悬浮列车
16.run
out
耗尽,用完
三、重点句型
1.
For
example,
we
should
use
both
sides
of
paper
and
reuse
plastic
bags.例如,我们应该用纸的两面,并且重新使用塑料袋。
2.
Everyone
is
supposed
to
do
that.每个人都有义务那样做.
3.
First,
you
ought
to
turn
off
the
lights
when
you
leave
a
room.首先,
你离开房间时应该随手关灯。
4.
Easier
said
than
done.
说起来容易做起来难。
5.
Well,
actions
speak
louder
than
words.嗯,
百说不如一做。
6.
There
will
be
a
lot
of
hard
work
to
do
tomorrow,
so
make
sure
you
go
to
bed
early
tonight.明天有许多繁重的活要干,今晚一定要早睡。
四、
语法
并列句：由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。
结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句
常用的并列连词有：and,
or,
but,
while,
not
only…
but
also
(1)
and
意为“和；并且”，表顺延、并列。
(2)
but
意为“但是”，表转折。
(3)
or
意为“否则；或者”，表选择。
(4)
for
意为“因为”，表因果。
(5)
so
意为“所以；于是”，表因果。
(6)
其他并列连词有while,
when,
not
only...
but
also,
neither...
nor,
either...
or
等。
e.g.
1.
The
river
is
dirty
and
the
temperature
of
the
earth
is
rising.
2.
They
work
well,
but
they
are
slow
and
can’t
run
for
long.
五、知识点解析
Section
A
一、主题课文翻译
(A
journalist
is
interviewing
Jane
about
environmental
protection.)?
（一名记者正在就有关环境保护的问题采访简。）
Hi,
Jane.
Could
I
ask
you
a
few
questions?
你好，简。我可以问你一些问题吗？
Certainly.
?当然可以。
We
all
know
that
you’re
working
for
an
organization
that
protects
the
environment.
Can
you
tell
us
what
you
are
doing
there?我们都知道你在为一个环境保护组织工作。你能告诉我们你在那儿做什么工作吗？
Well,
my
main
job
is
to
help
spread
the
message
about
protecting
the
environment.
For
example,
the
three
R’s---reduce,
reuse
and
recycle---are
important.
嗯，我的主要工作是帮助宣传有关环保方面的信息。例如，宣传“3R”——减少使用，再次使用和回收再利用，这些都很重要。
So
what
can
we
do
at
home
to
protect
the
environment?
就保护环境而言，我们在家能做些什么呢？
We
should
reduce
the
waste
we
produce.
For
example,
we
should
use
both
sides
of
paper
and
reuse
plastic
bags.
我们应该减少人为的浪费。比如，我们应该双面使用纸张，重复使用塑料袋。
What
can
students
do
at
school?学生在学校里能做些什么？
Recycling
can
protect
the
environment,
and
it
can
save
money,
too.
So
we
encourage
students
to
collect
waste
paper
and
soft
drink
cans.
Then
we
sort
them
so
that
they
can
be
recycled.
回收再利用能保护环境而且能节约资金。所以我们鼓励学生去收集废纸、饮料瓶等并把它们分类存放，以便回收利用。
Wonderful
ideas!
Thank
you!多么好的想法啊！谢谢！
It’s
a
pleasure.
不用谢。
二、知识精解
1.
We
all
know
that
you’re
working
for
an
organization
that
protects
the
environment.
work
for...为…工作，为…坚持不懈的努力
that在此引导的是定于从句，先行词是an
organization，在从句中充当主语成分。
2.
For
example,
the
three
R’s—reduce,
reuse,
recycle—are
important.
三R：reduce(减少使用),
reuse(重复使用),
recycle(回收再利用)
3.
Then
we
sort
them
so
that
they
can
be
recycled.
(1)
sort
n.
种类，类别，品种,相当于kind
v.
整理，把…分类
(2)
so
that
引导目的状语从句，“目的是，为的是”，可换成in
order
that，后面常有情态动词连接
也可以引导结果状语从句，“以至于，导致”
4.
It’s
a
pleasure.
It’s
a
pleasure./
My
pleasure./
A
pleasure./
You
are
welcome.等语义相同，用于当别人对你说Thank
you.时，
即“不用谢”
With
pleasure./
All
right./
No
problem./
I’d
like
to.等语义相同，用于别人求你做事，你很乐意去做的时候。
简单说，It’s
a
pleasure.用于事情发生之后，而With
pleasure.用于事情发生之前。
5.
Hurry
up,
or
you
will
miss
the
bus.
(1)
hurry
up
赶快
(2)
or
“否则，要不然”
and“和”表并列或承接
while“然而”，表对比
but
“但是”，表转折
Section
B
一、主题课文翻译
Hi,
Michael.
Would
you
like
to
be
a
greener
person?
嘿，迈克尔。你想成为一名环保使者吗？
Of
course,
I’d
love
to.
But
what
should
I
do?
当然，我很乐意。但是我应该怎么做呢？
First,
you
ought
to
shut
off
the
electricity
when
you
leave
a
room.
?
首先，你离开房间的时候，应该随手关灯。
Oh,
that’s
easy.
What’s
next?
哦，那很容易。下一步怎么做呢？
Second,
you’d
better
walk
or
ride
a
bike
instead
of
taking
a
bus
or
a
taxi
if
you
travel
a
short
distance.
第二，如果你短途旅行，最好步行或骑车而不是乘公共汽车或出租车。
That’s
right.
It
will
save
energy
and
reduce
air
pollution.
对，那样会节约能源并减少空气污染。
Third,
take
a
cloth
bag
when
you
go
shopping.
Don’t
use
plastic
bags.
第三，你去买东西的时候带上一个布袋。不要使用塑料袋。
It’s
so
easy
to
be
a
greener
person.成为一名环保使者真容易。
Easier
said
than
done.说起来容易做起来难。
Well,
actions
speak
louder
than
words.嗯，行动胜于雄辩。
二、知识精解
1.
Would
you
like
to
be
a
greener
person?
green
绿色；绿色的；此处为：主张环境保护的
2.
First,
you
ought
to
shut
off
the
electricity
when
you
have
a
room.
(1)应该做某事
ought
to
do
sth.
(无人称和时态及数的变化)
ought
not
to
do
sth=oughtn’t
to
do
sth..
should
do
sth.
拓展：be
supposed
to
do
sth.
(2)
shut
off
(机器)挺住工作，关掉(机器);切断(水，煤气或电).
拓展：turn
on
打开
turn
off
关掉
turn
up
调高，开大
turn
down
调低，关小
3.
It’s
easy
to
be
a
greener
person
It’s
+adj.+to
do
sth.
It’s
+adj.+that从句
It’s
+adj.+for
sb.+to
do
sth:
这类形容词有：easy,difficult,hard,important,impossible,possible,interesting......(描述事物的特征，性质)
It’s
+adj.+of
sb.+to
do
sth.
这类形容词有：good,kind,nice,wise,stupid,clever,foolish,careful......(描述人的品质，特征，性格)
注意：能用of句中的adj.与真正主语的关系。
It’s
kind
of
you
to
do
that
可以改写为：You
are
kind
to
do
that.=to
do
that
is
kind
of
you.
4.
Well,
actions
speak
louder
than
words.
行动胜于雄辩。/听其言不如现其行。
Love
me,
love
my
dog.
爱屋及乌。
Seeing
is
believing.
眼见为实。
A
bad
thing
never
dies.
遗臭万年。
A
good
medicine
tastes
better.
良药苦口。
All
roads
lead
to
Rome.
条条大路通罗马。
Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.
有志者事竟成。
Easier
said
than
done.
说起来容易做起来难。
act
v.
行动，行为
action
n.
take
action
to
do
sth.采取行动做某事。
5.
After
all,
we
have
only
one
earth.
after
all
毕竟，终究
Section
C
一、主题课文翻译
In
many
countries,
people
produce
power
from
coal,
but
it
is
very
dirty
and
causes
acid
rain.
Some
countries
use
nuclear
energy
to
produce
power.
However,
nuclear
power
can
be
very
dangerous.
To
solve
the
energy
problem,
people
all
over
the
world
are
looking
for
new
ways
to
produce
power.
China
is
one
of
the
first
countries
in
the
world
to
use
biogas
technology.
Farmers
recycle
straw,
grass
and
animal
waste
to
make
biogas.
This
renewable
energy
is
used
in
people’s
everyday
lives.
Its
key
disadvantage
is
that
the
process
requires
a
long
time
(up
to
30
days)
and
the
cost
is
high.
Electric
vehicles
were
developed
in
the
1990s.
On
April
11,
2010,
a
new
kind
of
vehicle
named
“Yezi”
was
shown
in
the
2010
Shanghai
World
Expo.
It
produces
electricity
from
the
sun,
the
wind
and
CO2.
It
can
not
only
protect
the
environment
but
also
save
energy.
It’s
too
small
to
hold
many
people,
but
larger
models
will
be
developed
in
the
near
future.
In
China,
the
best-known
maglev
train
is
the
German-built
one
in
Shanghai.
It
takes
people
just
7
minutes
to
go
to
the
airport
30
km
away.
The
train
can
reach
a
top
speed
of
431
km
per
hour.
It
is
quiet
and
quick.
There
is
no
wheel
noise,
because
there
are
no
wheels.
Maglev
trains
are
very
energy-efficient
and
do
not
pollute
the
air.
However,
maglev
guide
paths
are
much
more
expensive
than
traditional
steel
railways.
在许多国家，人们用煤来生产动力，但是这种方法很脏并且会导致酸雨。一些国家使用核能源来生产动力，然而，核能却非常危险。为了解决能源问题，全世界的人们都在寻找新的方法来生产动力。
中国是世界上最早使用生物技术的国家之一。农民们回收麦杆、草和动物粪便来制作生物气，这种可再生能源被应用到人们每题的生活当中去。它的主要缺点是这个过程很长（长达30天），并且建设费用高。
电动车辆是在20世纪90年代被发明的。2010年4月11日，一种新型的电动车“叶子”在上海世博会上展出。它通过太阳、风和二氧化碳发电。它不仅环保，而且节约能源。它太小，不能承载太多的人，但是，在不久的将来，更大的车型将会被研制出来。
在中国，最有名的磁悬浮列车由德国建造，在上海投入使用的那辆。仅用7分钟这辆车就可以将人们送30千米以外的机场。这辆车最高速度可达431千米，它安静并且快速。它不会产生车轮的噪音，因为它根本没有车轮。磁悬浮列车能够有效利用能源而且不会污染空气。然而，悬浮轨道的建设费用却远远高于传统铁轨的建设费用。
二、知识精解
1.
Nuclear
power
can
be
very
dangerous.
2.
To
solve
the
energy
problem,
people
all
over
the
world
are
looking
for
new
ways
to
produce
power.
to=
in
order
to
为了，引导原因状语从句
all
over
the
world
=
around
the
world全世界的
3.
Farmers
recycle
straw,
grass
and
animal
waste
to
make
biogas.
recycle
v.
回收
=
re+
cycle
recycle
sth
回收某物
We
should
recycle
garbage.
recycled过去式、过去分词
recycling现在分词
拓展
recycle
bin
回收站
bicycle
自行车
return
返回
review
复习
recall
回忆，召回
restart
重新开始
4.
This
renewable
energy
is
used
in
people’s
everyday
lives.
renewable
=
re
+new+able
可再生的
renewable
energy可再生能源
拓展:
capable
有能力的
suitable
合适的
5.
Its
key
disadvantage
is
that
the
process
requires
a
long
time
(up
to
30
days)
and
the
cost
is
high.
(1)
that
引导宾语从句一般可以省略。两个宾语从句并列时，第二个that一般不省略。
She
says
that
her
brother
will
go
to
see
a
film,
and
that
he
will
go
shopping
also.
(2)
up
to
多达，达到……I
can
take
up
to
four
people
in
my
car.
拓展:
up
to
date
很时髦
up
to
now
直到现在
(3)
cost
花费
pay
/
spend/
take
6.
Electric
vehicles
were
developed
in
the
1990s.
(1)
electric
指任何电动的或发电的装置，被修饰的物体本身可带电。
electric
vehicles
电动车
拓展:
electric
piano电子琴
electric
motor电动车electric
bell电铃
拓展:
electricity
n.
电力，电流
辨析:
electrical
指与电有关的事物，被修饰的词本身并不能带电。
an
electrical
engineer
电气工程师
(2)
be
+
动词过去分词：被……
7.
In
China,
the
best-known
maglev
train
is
the
German-built
one
in
Shanghai.
best-known最著名的
German-built
德国制造的
8.
The
train
can
reach
a
top
speed
of
431
km
per
hour.
at
a
speed
of
以……的速度
per
hour
每小时
9.
Maglev
trains
are
very
energy-efficient
and
do
not
pollute
the
air.
and
表示并列关系，动作先后关系
He
finished
his
homework
and
he
began
to
watch
TV.
but,
while
表转折关系
He
is
rich
but
he
seems
poor.
or,
either……
or……
表选择关系
You
can
come
here
by
bus
or
by
taxi.
so,
for
表因果关系
It
rains,
so
I
don’t
want
to
go
out.
10.
They
will
never
run
out,
so
they
are
called
renewable
sources.
run
out
用光，耗尽
run
out
of
用光……
I
have
run
out
of
my
money,
can
you
lend
me
100
Yuan?
11.
短语荟萃
Section
D
一、主题课文翻译
Compound
Sentence并列句
1.Recycling
can
protect
the
environment,
and
it
can
save
money,
too.回收再利用能保护环境而且能节约资金。
2.people
produce
power
from
coal,
but
it
is
very
dirty
and
causes
acid
rain.
人们用煤来生产动力，但是这种方法很脏并且会导致酸雨。
Functions功能
1.Would
you
like
to
be
a
greener
person?你想成为一名环保使者吗？
2.First,
you
ought
to
shut
off
the
electricity
when
you
leave
a
room.首先，你离开房间的时候，应该随手关灯。
3.Easier
said
than
done.说起来容易做起来难。
4.Actions
speak
louder
than
words.
行动胜于雄辩。
5.
The
train
can
reach
a
top
speed
of
431
km
per
hour.
火车最高速度可达431千米
二、知识精解
1.
These
young
men
and
women
face
many
difficulties
when
they
plant
new
trees.
face
①
脸
n.
facial
面部的
adj.
②
面对，面向，正对
v.
E.g.
She
turned
around
and
faced
him.
2.
The
weather
may
be
very
hot
and
dry
or
it
may
be
very
cold
and
wet.
dry
干燥的，少雨的，干性的
adj.
E.g.
Is
my
shirt
dry?
链接：dry
可做动词，意为“使……干，弄干，擦干”
E.g.
You
wash
the
plate
and
I’ll
dry.
3.
There
are
often
many
insects
that
bite
these
planters
on
their
legs,
arms,
and
faces
while
they
work.
bite
叮，咬，蛰
v.
(
bit,
bitten
)
E.g.
Stop
biting
your
nails.
拓展：bite
sb.
on
/
in
the+身体部位（face,
eye,
chest,
stomach用in;
head,
ear,
shoulder,
leg用on）
表能力，有能力做某事
He
can
swim
very
fast.
可能性
Anyone
can
make
mistakes.
/My
father
can
be
very
unreasonable.
can
acid
rain
酸雨
nuclear
energy
核能源
energy
problem
能源问题
biogas
technology
生物气技术
renewable
energy
可再生能源
maglev
train
磁悬浮列车
wheel
noise
车轮噪音
traditional
steel
railways
传统铁轨
sea
wave
海浪
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