Unit 4 Topic 3 Topic 3 China is the third nation that sent a person into space.教材全解

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit
4
Topic
3
China
is
the
third
nation
that
sent
a
person
into
space.
一、重点词汇
prove证明，证实
lunar
probe月球探测器
legend传说，传奇故事
significance重要性，意义
independently独立地，自主地
landmark里程碑；陆标
spacewalk太空漫步
electronic电子的
spacesuit航天服
telescope望远镜
entertainment娱乐；招待
doubt怀疑，疑惑
tiny极小的，微小的
inside在…内；在……里；在里面
normally通常，正常情况下
brain脑；智力；脑力
cancel取消，撤；废止
workplace工作场所
connect连接；把……联系起来
besides而且，再说；除……之外
properly正确地，恰当地
servant仆人，佣人
certain确定的，无疑的；一定会……
warn警告，告诫
might可以，可能
housework家务劳动，家务事
二、重点词组：
1.travel?by?spaceship?乘宇宙飞船旅行
2.in?the?future
3.in?order?to?为了
4.on?the?radio?通过收音机
5.take?part?in??参加
6.grow?up成长、长大
7.prefer…to?喜欢……胜过……
8.What’s?worse?更为糟糕的是
9.be?worth?it?有好处，值得一干
10.at?a?distance?of?相隔?
11.send?sb?a?message给某人发送信息
12.no
doubt无疑地
13.for
instance例如
14.for
certain肯定，确定，无疑
15.on
one’s
own独自，单独
16.
take
back
to带回
17.take
part
in参加
18.national
hero民族英雄
19.space
flight太空飞行
20.during
one’s
life在某人一生中
21.return
safely安全返回
22.give
sb.
a
lesson给某人上一堂课
三、重点句型：
1.I?don’t?think?aliens?can?be?found?in?space.我认为外星人不可能出现在太空里。
(1)当think,?believe,?suppose,?imagine,?expect等动词后的宾语从句含有not的否定词时，该否定应移至主句，即否定主句的谓语动词。如：
I?don’t?think?it?will?rain?tomorrow.我认为明天不会下雨。
如果主句的主语是第二、三人称，否定式一般不转移。如：
He?supposes?they?won’t?win?the?game.??他猜想他们赢不了比赛。
(2)can?+be?+过去分词，是情态动词构成的被动语态。如：
This?can’t?be?done?in?a?short?time.?这不是短期内能完成的。
2.?It?has?been?two?days?since?we?landed?on?Mars.自从我们登上火星以来已经两天了。
it用作主语谈论时间，常与since连用。如：
It?is(或has?been)?three?years?since?we?left?school.自从我们离开学校以来已经三年了。
3.?What’s?worse,?our?water?supplies?were?very?low.更糟糕的是，我们的水供给是非常有限的。
What’s?worse?更糟糕的是。类似结构还有：What’s?more?更有甚者；更为重要的是。
4.?It’s?a?quarter?as?big?as?the?earth.
它是地球的四分之一大。
倍数表示法：倍数+as+形容词/副词+as如：
This?box?is?three?times?as?heavy?as?that?one.这只箱子是那只箱子的三倍重。
5.?Mars?goes?around?the?sun?at?a?distance?of?about?228?million?kilometers.恒星在相隔大约228000000千米的地方绕着太阳转动。
(1)at?a?distance?of???相隔
(2)at?a?distance??在远处。如：
?The?moon?goes?around?the?earth?at?a?distance?of?380000km.月球在距地球38万千米的地方绕地球旋转。
?The?police?followed?him?at?a?distance.?警察远远地跟着他。
?日常交际用语:
Sound?great!?What?is?it?about?
What?fun!?I?can’t?wait.
You?think?man?can?live?in?space?one?day?
I?Think?so.?I?hope?I?can?live?there?one?day.?
四、重点语法：
1.情态动词的被动语态:是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。如：Aliens?can?not?be?seen?on?the?earth.???
在地球上不可能见到外星人。
Other?planets?may?be?visited?soon?in?the?future.??
将来其他的星球也会有人登陆。
Scientific?research?should?be?done?carefully.???
应该认真地进行科学研究。
These?trees?must?be?watered?in?time.???
这些树应该及时浇水。
2.定语从句
（1）
概念：主句
+
先行词
+
从句（从句“修饰”先行词）
（2）先行词：关系代词that,
which,
who,
whom
（3）
先行词指物时，用that,
which引导。
Tom
told
his
mother
all
that
had
happened.
The
room
which
Mr.
Li
lives
in
is
a
good
one.
先行词指人时，用who,
that,
whom引导。
The
boy
who
broke
the
window
is
called
Roy.
The
girl
whom
you
are
waiting
for
is
my
good
friend.
【特别提示】
(1)当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时
Yang
Liwei
is
the
first
Chinese
that
traveled
into
space.
This
is
the
best
book
that
I
have
ever
read.
(2)当先行词时all,
little,
much,
none,
everything,
anything,
nothing等指物的不定代词时。
Is
there
anything
that
you
don’t
understand?
注意：先行词是anybody,
anyone,
everyone,
everybody,
someone,
somebody等表示人的不定代词，应用who或者whom.
(3)当有两个或者两个以上分辨表示人或物的先行词时。
We
are
talking
about
the
people
and
the
things
that
we
have
visited
in
this
country.
五、知识点解析
Section
A
一、主题课文翻译
(Michael
and
Kangkang
are
in
the
Science
Museum.)（迈克尔和康康在科学博物馆里。）
Michael:Kangkang,
who
is
the
first
Chinese
to
travel
into
space?
迈克尔：康康，谁是第一个进入太空的中国人？
Kangkang:Yang
Liwei.
He
is
our
national
hero
who
traveled
around
the
earth
in
Shenzhou
V
for
21
hours
in
2003.
China
is
the
third
nation
that
sent
a
person
into
space.
康康：杨利伟。他是我们国家的英雄，2003年他乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地球飞行了21小时。中国是第三个把人类送往太空的国家。
Michael:Wonderful!
All
of
you
must
be
very
proud.
迈克尔：太棒了！你们一定都很骄傲。
Kangkang:Of
course
we
are.
What's
more,
we
have
launched
another
four
spaceships
in
the
past
few
years.
康康：当然。而且我们在过去几年间还发射了另外四个宇宙飞船。
Michael:That's
great!
It
proves
that
China
has
made
great
progress
in
its
space
industry.
迈克尔：很好！这表明中国在太空领域取得了极大进展。
Kangkang:That's
right.
I'm
sure
that
China
will
send
more
spaceships
into
space.
康康：是的。我相信中国会往太空中发送更多宇宙飞船。
Michael:Look,
what
a
large
crowd!
Let's
go
and
see.
迈克尔：看，好多人呀！我们去看一下。
Kangkang:Wow!
Chang'e
I.
It's
a
spaceship
which
was
launched
as
China's
first
lunar
probe.
I
hope
I
can
travel
to
the
moon
one
day.
康康：哇哦！嫦娥一号。这是中国发射的第一个月球探测器。我希望有一天能到月球上去。
Michael:I
think
your
dream
will
be
realized
in
the
future.
迈克尔：相信你的梦想一定会实现的。
二、知识精解
1.
Who
is
the
first
Chinese
to
travel
into
space?
In
2003
China
is
the
third
nation
that
sent
a
person
into
space.
the
first
time
to
do
sth.
第一次做某事
the
+序数词+to
do
2.
He
is
our
nation
hero
who
traveled
around
the
earth
in
Shenzhou
V
for
21hours.
travel
around围绕……行走
3.
It
proves
that
China
has
made
great
progress
in
its
space
industry.
It
proves
that
这表明…
space
industry航天工业
4.
What
a
large
crowd!
large
crowd
巨大人群
5.
It’s
a
spaceship
which
was
launched
as
China’s
first
lunar
probe.
which在此引导定语从句，先行词是spaceship，在从句中充当主语。
launch与send
up
都是“发射”
lunar
probe月球探测器
lunar
surface
月球表面
6.
Do
you
know
the
legend
of
Chang’e?
the
legend
of...“…的传说”
7.
He
was
an
American
astronaut
who
was
the
first
man
to
set
foot
on
the
moon.
who在此引导定语从句，先行词是astronaut，在从句中充当主语。
set
foot
on
=
land
on着陆，登上
8.
They
have
become
very
important
in
many
areas
of
work
and
leisure.
in
many
areas
of在许多的……区域内
Section
B
一、主题课文翻译
(Kangkang
is
asking
Mr.Brown
something
about
spaceships.)
（康康在问布朗先生一些关于宇宙飞船的事情。）
Kangkang:Spaceships
are
so
amazing!
Mr.Brown,
could
you
please
tell
me
some
recent
spaceship
developments?
康康：宇宙飞船太神奇了！布朗先生，你能跟我说一说近来宇宙飞船的发展情况吗？
Mr.Brown:OK.
Spaceships
which
now
mainly
use
electronic
controls
used
to
be
controlled
by
astronauts.
布朗先生：好。现在用电子控制的宇宙飞船以前是由宇航员来控制的。
Kangkang:But
how
do
they
work?
康康：可是它是怎么控制呢？
Mr.Brown:Astronauts
use
computers
to
control
the
speed
and
direction
of
their
spaceships,
even
the
temperature.
布朗先生：宇航员用电脑来控制宇宙飞船的速度、方向甚至是温度。
Kangkang:Perfect!
But
I
know
so
little
about
computer
technology.
康康：太好了！可是我对电脑技术了解的太少。
Mr.Brown:It's
important
to
master
computer
technology.
So
I
advise
you
to
discover
new
ways
to
make
computers
serve
us
better.
布朗先生：掌握电脑技术很重要。所以我建议你发明新方法让电脑更好地为我们服务。
Kangkang:Good
idea.
Thanks
for
your
introduction,
Mr.
Brown.
I
think
that
if
I
work
hard
then
nothing
is
impossible.
康康：好主意。谢谢您的介绍，布朗先生。我相信只要刻苦努力，一切皆有可能。
二、知识精解
1.
Spaceships
which
now
mainly
use
electronic
controls
used
to
be
controlled
by
astronauts.
(1)
electricity
n.
电；电能
electronic
adj.
电子的
拓展：electric
adj.
用电的；电动的
electric
fan
电扇
electric
toothbrush
电动牙刷
(2)
control
v.
控制
controlled-controlled-controlling
control
n.
控制；控制装置
2.
Astronauts
use
computers
to
control
the
speed
and
direction
of
their
spaceships,
even
the
temperature.
(1)
speed
n.
速度
at
a
high/low
speed
高速/低速
at
a
speed
of...
以......速度
(2)
direction
n.
方向
in
every
direction/in
all
directions
四面八方
direct
adj.
直接的
directly
adv.
direct
train
直达列车
Indirect
adj.
间接的
indirectly
adv.
3.
Thanks
for
your
introduction.
introduce
v.
介绍
introduce...
to
sb.
把......介绍给某人
introduce
v.
引进
introduce
sth.
into...
把某物传入或引进某地
introduction
n.
介绍；引进
Kangkang
made
up
his
mind
to
work
hard
to
master
computer
technology.
make
up
one’s
mind
to
do
sth.
下定决心做某事
5.
Mr.
Brown
taught
him
to
learn
to
use
computers
well
and
make
computers
serve
us
better.
serve
v.
招待，供应；为......服务
serve
sb.为某人服务/serve
sb.
sth./serve
sth.
to
sb.
用某物招待某人
service
n.
服务
servant
n.
仆人；服务员
Section
C
一、主题课文翻译
The
Importance
of
Computers电脑的重要性
Since
computers
were
invented
in
the
USA
in
the
1950s,
they
have
become
very
important
in
many
areas
of
work
and
leisure.从20世纪50年代，美国发明了电脑以后，它就在人们的工作和休闲领域有很重要的作用。
There
is
no
doubt
that
computers
are
very
useful
in
technology
and
business.毫无疑问，电脑在科技和商业领域作用重大。
In
space,
computers
have
been
used
to
control
the
speed
and
direction
of
a
spaceship.在太空中，电脑可以用来控制宇宙飞船的速度和方向。
With
the
help
of
computers,
doctors
can
find
diseases
easily
and
solve
other
problems.在电脑的帮助下，医生能够轻而易举地发现疾病并解决其他问题。
For
example,
tiny
computers
which
are
inside
patients'
bodies
can
keep
their
hearts
beating
normally.比如，病人体内的微型电脑能够让他们的心脏正常跳动。
In
factories,
robots
are
controlled
by
computers
that
are
like
human
brains.
They
can
do
work
that
is
dangerous
to
humans.在工厂中，可以用类似人脑的电脑来控制机器人。它们可以做很危险的工作。
In
business,
computers
are
used
to
place
and
cancel
orders.
They
are
also
making
the
workplace
safer
and
better.在商业领域，电脑是用来设置或取消命令的。它们还能让工作场所更安全更好。
Since
the
Internet
came
into
being,
people's
lives
at
home
have
changed,
too.电脑出现以后，人类的生活也发生了改变。
More
and
more
people
have
personal
computers
that
are
used
to
play
games
and
watch
movies.越来越多的人有私人电脑用来玩游戏或看电影。
Thanks
to
the
Internet,
people
can
do
shopping
and
do
business
at
home.有了网络，人们可以在家里购物或办公。Instead
of
writing
letters
on
paper,
people
communicate
by
sending
e-mails
and
chatting
on
line.人们交流时不再用纸写信，而是发送邮件或在网上聊天。
The
whole
world
is
connected.
The
Internet
is
making
the
world
smaller,
like
a
village.整个世界都联系在一起。网络让地球变得更小，像个村子一样。
Computers
have
improved
our
lives,
but
they
have
brought
problems,
too.电脑改善了生活，但是也带来了问题。
For
instance,
if
we
work
on
computers
too
long,
we
may
get
headaches
or
sore
eyes.例如，如果我们用电脑工作太久，可能会头疼，眼睛酸涩。
If
we
play
computer
games
too
much,
we
won't
have
enough
time
to
study
or
exercise.如果我们玩太多电脑游戏，就没有足够的时间学习或锻炼。
Besides,
not
everything
we
read
on
the
Internet
is
true
or
good
for
us.此外，我们在网上看到的信息并不一定都是真实有益的。
Computers
help
us
at
work
and
at
home,
but
they
must
be
used
properly.电脑在工作和家庭中都能帮助我们，但是我们应当正确使用。
Section
D
一、主题课文翻译
Robots-Our
Servants
in
the
Future?机器人——我们未来的仆人？
What
will
our
future
be
like?我们的未来会是什么样子？
No
one
knows
for
certain,
but
most
people
think
that
robots
will
be
part
of
our
lives.没有人知道，不过很多人认为机器人会是我们生活的一部分。
Will
they
be
friendly
or
unfriendly?它们会友好还是不友好呢？
So
far,
robots
haven't
caused
us
any
problems.目前为止，机器人还没有给我们造成任何伤害。
They
work
for
us
like
servants
all
the
time.它们一直像仆人一样为我们工作。
They
help
us
do
dangerous
and
difficult
work.它们帮助我们做危险困难的工作。
People
are
surprised
at
the
rapid
development
of
robots.人们对机器人的快速发展感到很惊讶。
In
a
few
years,
perhaps
robots
will
think
on
their
own,
just
as
people
use
their
brains
and
act
for
themselves.几年以后，或许机器人会像人一样自行思考，自由行动。
However,
once
robots
can
think
for
themselves,
problems
may
appear.但是，一旦机器人能够自我思考，问题就会出现。
One
scientist
warns
that
if
robots
start
to
think
for
themselves,
they
will
no
longer
want
to
be
our
servants,
but
our
masters.一位科学家提醒说如果机器人有了自己的意识，它们就不想再继续做我们的仆人，而是主人。
The
scientist
also
warns
that
if
we
are
lucky,
they
might
treat
us
as
we
now
treat
our
pets;
if
we
are
not
lucky,
who
knows
what
will
happen?科学家还提到，如果我们比较幸运，它们可能会像我们现在对待宠物这样对待我们；如果我们比较倒霉，谁知道会发生什么呢？
Perhaps
there
will
be
a
war
between
human
beings
and
robots.或许人类和机器人之间还会发生战争。
二、知识精解
There
is
no
doubt
that
computers
are
very
useful
in
technology
and
business.
There
is
no
doubt
that……
毫无疑问
For
example,
tiny
computers
which
are
inside
patients’
bodies
can
keep
their
hearts
beating
normally.
beat
normally（心脏）正常地跳动
Since
the
internet
came
into
being,
people’s
lives
at
home
have
been
changed,
too.
come
into
being,形成，产生
come-
came-
come
The
whole
world
is
connected.
be
connected.被联系在一起（被动语态
be
+
v.ed）
If
we
play
computer
games
too
much,
we
won’t
have
enough
time
to
study
or
exercise.
enough
time足够的时间
enough
+
n.
adj.+
enough
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)