2022年中考英语语法-情态动词讲解与练习（含答案及解析）

轩
燕
老
师
初
中
语
法
大
本
营
中考语法-情态动词
常见的情态动词有：
can
[k?n]
modal
v.能，会
can
do
sth
“能做某事”can’t
do
sth
“不能做某事”过去式：couldcan可以表示肯定推测
could
[k?d]
modal
v.可以；（can
的过去式）能
凑一起cou“可以”劳动ldcould
do
sth
“能做某事”couldn’t
do
sth
“不能做某事”
dare
[de?]
modal
v.敢，敢于
“敢于”打da阿姨redare
do
sth“敢做某事”dare
not
do
sth“不敢做某事”
have
to
不得不
don’t
have
to“没必要”
may
[me?]
v.可以；可能
may
do
sth
“可以/可能做某事”过去式：might
might
[ma?t]
model
v.可以,可能
must
[m?st]
modal
v.必须
母mu石头st“必须”爱护好mustn’t“禁止”
need
[ni?d]
v./modal
v.需要
need
sth
“需要某物”need
to
do
sth“需要做某事”
ought
to
[???t
tu]
应该=should
shall
[??l]
modal
v.…好吗？要不要…？
美女s“要不要”去大厅hall过去式：should
should
[??d]
modal
v.
应该(shall的过去式)
手shou“应该”劳动ld
will
[w?l]
modal
v.会；将
我w病了ill，“将”去看医生will
do
sth
“将做某事”will
not=won’t过去式：would
would
[wud]
modal
v.打算，想要；（will的过去式）将会
would
like
sth
“想要某物”would
like
to
do
sth
“想做某事”would
like
sb
to
do
sth
“想要某人做某事”
例题详解
can(能够；可以)，can’t
(不会；否定推测“不可能”)
Here
is
my
phone
number.
You
____
call
me
anytime
you
like.
A
must
B
can
C
should
D
need
【解析】本题句意是“这是我的号码，如果你喜欢，_____随时给我打电话。”代入四个选项，只有can“可以”最合适，所以答案是B。
Life
is
becoming
convenient
with
the
Internet.
That’s
true.
Almost
everything
_____
be
done
online.
must
B.
would
C.
should
D.
can
【解析】本题句意是“有了互联网，生活变得很方便。对。几乎所有事都_____在网络上做。”代入四个选项，只有can“能”最合适，所以答案是D。
The
man
at
the
door
is
Mr.
Lee,
isn’t
he?
No.
He
____
be
Mr.
Li..
Mr.
Lee
is
tall
but
the
man
is
short.
A
must
B
mustn't
C
can
D
can't
【解析】本题句意是“门旁边的人是李先生，是不是？不是的。他_____是李先生。李先生很高这个男人很矮。”本题表示推测，根据句意知是否定推测。代入四个选项，只有can’t“不可能”最合适，所以答案是D。
We'll
drive
to
the
seaside
this
weekend.
Would
you
like
to
join
us?
I'd
like
to,
but
I
_____
drive.
A
can’t
B
shouldn’t
C
mustn’t
D
needn’t
【解析】本题句意是“这周末我们要开车去海边，你想加入我们吗？我想去，但是我______开车。”代入四个选项，只有can’t“不会”最合适，所以答案是A。
Someone
is
knocking
at
the
door.
Maybe
it's
Meimei.
It
______
be
her.
She
has
gone
to
the
UK.
A
can
B
must
C
mustn't
D
can’t
【解析】本题句意是“有人在敲门，可能是梅梅。______
是她。她去英国了。”has
gone
to
表示去了某地还没回来，所以不可能是梅梅，表示否定推测。答案是D。
may（可能；可以），may
I...这一句型表示征求意见；用may提问，用can回答；
might（也许，语气比may弱，也可以做may的过去式）
_______I
park
my
car
here
for
a
while?
No,
you
mustn’t.
Do
you
see
the
sign
“NO
PARKING”?
Would
B.
Must
C.
May
D.
Should
【解析】本题句意是“我可以在这里停一会车吗？绝对不行。你看见‘禁止停车’的标志了吗？”may
I...表示征求意见，所以答案是C。
Have
you
decided
where
to
spend
your
holiday?
Not
yet.
We_____
go
to
Beijing.
may
B.
must
C.
should
D.
need
【解析】本题句意是“你们决定在哪里度假吗？还没呢。我们______
去北京。”代入四个选项，“我们可能去北京”最合适。所以答案是A。
Whose
is
the
black
coat
here?
It
____
be
our
math
teacher’s.
He
was
here
a
moment
ago.
A.
can
B.
need
C.
might
D.
must
【解析】本题句意是“这里的黑色外套是谁的？它______是我们数学老师的，刚才他在这里。”代入四个选项，“可能是我们的数学老师的”最合适。所以答案是C。
would,
could在句首常表示委婉语气，或者用于征求意见；回答时用can。但是在句中指will和can的过去时；
I
forgot
to
bring
my
dictionary.
Could
I
use
yours?
Yes,
you
_____
A.
can
B.
must
C.
could
D.
should
【解析】本题句意是“我忘了带字典了，我能用你的吗？是的，_____”。could提问，用can回答，所以答案是A。
_______you
wait
a
few
more
minutes?
It
will
be
your
turn
soon.
A.
Must
B.
Should
C.
Could
D.
Might
【解析】本题句意是“你能再等几分钟好吗？过一会就轮到你了。”征求意见，用could，所以答案是C。
have
to（不得不），表示客观上不得不，don’t
have
to
(没必要)
I
can’t
have
a
picnic
with
you
this
Sunday.
I
______
do
some
housework
because
my
mother
is
ill.
should
B.
may
C.
can
D.
have
to
【解析】本题句意是“这个周日我不能和你一起野餐了。我______做家务因为我妈妈病了。”根据句意，妈妈病了，“我”没有选择，不得不做家务，所以答案是D。
must（必须；肯定推测“肯定”），mustn’t(禁止)，常常和规定、纪律连用。
must提问否定回答一般用No,
you
needn’t.
(肯定回答用must)
e.g.
Mom,
must
I
finish
my
homework
today?
No,
you
needn’t.
You
may
do
it
tomorrow.
Passengers
_____
eat
on
the
subway,
or
they
will
be
fined
(罚款)
A.
may
not
B.
needn't
C.
mustn't
D.
might
not
【解析】本题句意是“乘客_____
在地铁上吃东西，否则他们就会被罚款。”地铁上不能吃东西，这是规定，所以答案是C。
We
____
obey
the
rules.
If
we
break
one
of
them
,
the
teacher
will
let
us
out.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
must
D.
would
【解析】本题句意是“我们_____遵守规则。如果我们破坏其中一条，老师会让我们出去。”规则“必须”遵守，和规则连用must，所以答案是C。
This
story
book
______
be
Sandy’s.
There’s
her
name
on
it.
may
B.
might
C.
can
D.
must
【解析】本题句意是“这本故事书______珊迪的。上面有她的名字。”表示肯定推测，答案是D。
should（应该），shouldn’t
(不应该)
You
_____
drive
your
car
so
fast.
It’s
very
dangerous.
wouldn’t
B.
shouldn’t
C.
couldn’t
D.
mightn’t
【解析】本题句意是“你_____开车这么快，太危险了。”代入选项，“不应该”更合适，所以答案是B。
It’s
wrong
to
talk
back
to
your
mother.
You
______
apologize
and
have
a
good
talk
with
her.
would
B.
should
C.
need
D.
can
【解析】本题句意是“和你妈妈顶嘴是不对的。你______道歉并且和她好好谈谈。”代入选项，“应该”最合适，所以答案是B。
7）need（需要），needn’t(没必要)
There
is
enough
time
for
you
to
go
to
the
airport.
You
_____
hurry
now.
should
B.
must
C
.
needn't
D.
can,t
【解析】本题句意是“你有足够的时间去机场，现在你_____匆匆忙忙。”代入选项，“没必要”最合适。所以答案是C。
【随堂练习】
What's
the
matter
with
Tom？He
has
been
absent
for
two
days.
Oh.
He______
be
ill.
Let's
go
and
ask
Mr.
Brown.
A
can
B
need
C
may
D
would
Dad,
must
we
wait
until
the
light
becomes
green?
Yes,
I'm
afraid
we______.
That's
the
traffic
rule.
A
can
B
may
C
have
to
D
need
Do
you
have
any
plans
for
this
weekend?
I'm
not
sure.
I
______
go
climbing
Mount
Yuntai.
A
must
B
need
C
may
D
can
Mom,
_____
I
visit
the
movie
museum
tomorrow?
I'm
afraid
you
can't.
It
is
closed
on
Monday.
A
must
B
may
C
should
D
need
Is
that
Ann’s
car?
It
____
be
hers.
She
has
just
gone
to
the
theatre
for
the
new
opera.
A
can't.
B
mustn't.
C
may.
D
could.
Could
I
go
into
that
room
with
the
Private
Only
sign?
I'm
afraid
you_____
A
couldn't.
B
wouldn't.
C
can't.
D
needn’t
Tom,
you______
play
football
in
the
street.
Sorry,
I_____
do
it
again.
A
needn't;
won’t
B
mustn't;
won’t
C
can't;
will.
D
won't;
can't.
John,
you
needn't
do
your
homework
today.
You
______do
it
tomorrow
if
you
are
tired
A
must
B
may.
C
can't.
D
need
Are
you
sure
that
the
news
is
true?
Yes.
It______
be
true
because
the
headmaster
told
me
just
now.
A
can
B
may.
C
must.
D
might
For
safety,
everyone______
obey
the
traffic
rules
when
they
are
driving
or
walking.
A
needn't
B
must
C
may
D
couldn't.
【作业】
1.
Is
Jerry
in
the
classroom?
No,
he_____
be
there.
I
saw
him
in
the
reading
room
just
now.
A
can't.
B
mustn't.
C
might
not.
D
needn't.
2.
Susan’s
parents
have
bought
a
large
house
with
a
swimming
pool.
It
_____be
very
expensive
A
can
B
must
C
can't
D
mustn't
3.
Is
that
man
Mr.
Smith?
It_____
be
him.
He
has
gone
to
New
York
on
business
A
may
not
B
needn't
C
can't
D
mustn't
4.
Please
don’t
make
so
much
noise.
I
______
hear
the
speaker
very
well.
needn’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
can’t
D.
shouldn’t
5.
May
I
go
out
now,
Dad?
No.
You
_____
let
your
mother
know
first.
can
B.
may
C.
need
D.
must
What
will
the
weather
be
like
tomorrow?
It
_____
be
rainy,
cloudy
or
sunny.
Who
knows?
must
B.
might
C.
shall
D.
should
Who’s
the
man
over
there?
Is
it
Mr.
Black?
It
_____
be
him.
He’s
much
taller.
can’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
should
D.
may
I
______
dance
and
sing,
and
I
usually
join
the
dance
club.
can
B.
must
C.
should
D.
need
______
you
watch
the
latest
movie
with
me?
I
want
to
watch
it
very
much.
Could
B.
Must
C.
Would
D.
Should
It
_____
be
Gina’s
guitar.
She
likes
playing
it.
might
B.
can
C.
must
D.
could
What's
the
matter
with
Tom？He
has
been
absent
for
two
days.
Oh.
He______
be
ill.
Let's
go
and
ask
Mr.
Brown.
A
can
B
need
C
may
D
would
Dad,
must
we
wait
until
the
light
becomes
green?
Yes,
I'm
afraid
we______.
That's
the
traffic
rule.
A
can
B
may
C
have
to
D
need
Do
you
have
any
plans
for
this
weekend?
I'm
not
sure.
I
______
go
climbing
Mount
Yuntai.
A
must
B
need
C
may
D
can
_____
you
wait
a
few
more
minutes?
It'll
be
your
turn
soon.
A
Must
B
Should
C
Could
D
Might
Is
that
Ann’s
car?
It
____
be
hers.
He
has
just
gone
to
the
theatre
for
the
new
opera.
A,
can't.
B
mustn't.
C
may.
D
could.
Do
I
need
to
save
the
information?
I'm
afraid
you
____,
so
that
you
can
use
it
later.
A
must
B
may.
C
could.
D
would
Could
I
go
into
that
room
with
the
Private
Only
sign?
I'm
afraid
you_____
A
couldn't.
B
wouldn't.
C
can't.
D
needn’t
Tom,
you______
play
football
in
the
street.
Sorry,
I_____
do
it
again.
A
needn't;
won’t
B
mustn't;
won’t
C
can't;
will.
D
won't;
can't.
John,
you
needn't
do
your
homework
today.
You
______do
it
tomorrow
if
you
are
tired
A
must
B
may.
C
can't.
D
need
Are
you
sure
that
the
news
is
true?
Yes.
It______
be
true
because
the
headmaster
told
me
just
now.
A
can
B
may.
C
must.
D
might
Is
Jerry
in
the
classroom?
No,
he_____
be
there.
I
saw
him
in
the
reading
room
just
now.
A
can't.
B
mustn't.
C
might
not.
D
needn't.
For
safety,
everyone______
obey
the
traffic
rules
when
they
are
driving
or
walking
A
needn't
B
must
C
may
D
couldn't.
Susan’s
parents
have
bought
a
large
house
with
a
swimming
pool.
It
_____be
very
expensive
A
can
B
must
C
can't
D
mustn't
Is
that
man
Mr.
Smith?
It_____
be
him.
He
has
gone
to
New
York
on
business
A
may
not
B
needn't
C
can't
D
mustn't
Mom,
_____
I
visit
the
movie
museum
tomorrow?
I'm
afraid
you
can't.
It
is
closed
on
Monday.
A
must
B
may
C
should
D
need
【随堂练习答案】
【解析】本题句意是“汤姆怎么了？他已经缺席两天了。奥，他______生病了。我们去问问布朗先生吧。”代入四个选项，“他可能生病了”最合适，所以答案是C。
【解析】本题句意是“爸爸，我们必须等到绿灯吗？是的，恐怕我们_____得等。那是交通规则。”代入四个选项，“我们不得不遵守”最合适，所以答案是C。
【解析】本题句意是“这个周末你有什么计划吗？我不确定，我______去爬云台山。”上文有“不确定”，再代入四个选项可知，“我可能去爬云台山最合适。”所以答案是C。
4、【解析】本题句意是“妈妈，我明天______参观电影博物馆吗？恐怕不能，周一闭馆。”代入四个选项可知，“明天我可以去参观电影博物馆吗？”最合适，所以答案是B。
【解析】本题句意是“那是安的车吗？_____是她的。她刚刚去剧院看话剧了。”has
gone
to表示去了某地还没回来，所以推测这辆车肯定不是安的。can’t表示否定推测，所以答案是A。
【解析】本题句意是“我能进入那间带有‘闲人免进’的房间吗？恐怕你_____。”could提问表示委婉语气，用can作答。所以答案是C。
【解析】本题句意是“汤姆，你______在大街上踢足球。对不起，我_____再踢了。”第一个空，在大街上踢足球是禁止的，所以答案mustn’t；第二个空“我不会再那样做了”，是说将来，应该填won’t。所以答案是B。
【解析】本题句意是“约翰，你今天不需要做作业。如果你累了你______明天做。”代入四个选项可知“你可以明天做”最合适，所以答案是B。
【解析】本题句意是“你肯定这个消息是真的吗？是的，它_____是真的因为刚才校长告诉了。”本题表示肯定推测“肯定是真的因为校长告诉我了。”must表示肯定推测，所以答案是C。
【解析】本题句意是“为了安全，当开车或者走路的时候，大家______遵守交通规则。”和规则连用，用must。所以答案是B。
作业答案
1-5
ABCCD
6-10
BAAAC
11-15
CCCCA
16-20
ACBBC
21-25
ABBCB