2021-2022学年外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修三Unit 5 Learning from nature 分层训练 （含答案）
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| 名称 | 2021-2022学年外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修三Unit 5 Learning from nature 分层训练 （含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-08-15 08:55:56 | ||
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Unit 5 Learning from nature
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．[2019·江苏卷]Chris and Tim offered us the answer: human beings took ________ for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better guide.
2．Singaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with ________ small, polite bow.
3．[2017·浙江卷]Just at that time, the wolf might feel the threats from the people, starting ________ (withdraw)．
4．[2020·全国卷Ⅰ卷]In another, ________ (employ)were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
5．[2018·北京卷]More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many ________ (seek) employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions.
6．Although the traditional Chinese dress may look more beautiful and stylish, it is a little bit strange to walk around in it. We feel ________ ease in our school uniforms every day.
7．[2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]Always make your presentation just a bit ________ (short) than anticipated.
8．[2020·全国卷Ⅰ]Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, ________ most likely contributing to fewer injuries.
9．[2020·浙江7月卷] I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them ________ something new and useful.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．[2018·浙江卷]第二，重视小区的整体外观。
Second, ________________ the overall appearance of the neighborhood ________________.
2．当然，解决办法是种树，这样动物就可以在白天寻找庇护。
The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could ______________________ during the daytime.
3．就这样，我每天花8到10个小时在医院陪着乔，尽我所能减轻他的不适。
With that, I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the hospital, doing anything and everything I could ______________________________.
4．[2020·全国卷Ⅰ]我们都尊敬她，因为她总是尝试新的方法使她的课生动有趣。
We all respect her because she always tries new ways to ____________________________.
Ⅲ.语篇语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nature has inspired many fascinating designs 1.________ architecture. Singapore's Art Science Museum，2.________ (shape) to resemble a lotus flower，was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment. Visitors are often amazed to find 3.________ (they) in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms. Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce 4.________ (inspire) to create Harare's Eastgate Centre while 5.________ (watch) termites constructing their nests. The design reduces the need for 6.________ (tradition) air conditioning and heating systems，so the building uses less energy and costs less to run. The 7.________ (world) first algae?powered building is in Hamburg，Germany. Its surface is covered in panels 8.________ contain algae. The building therefore not only uses less energy，9.________ also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy. Creating such 10.________ (building) enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2021·海东模拟]Modeste Traore has lived his whole life near Lake Wegnia, in the Sahel area of Mali. The lake's fish have provided him with a way to earn money to support his extended family. However, because he can't catch enough fish to feed his family, he now raises farm animals. But as temperatures rise, evaporation increases, making the body of water shrinks. Studies have linked rising temperatures on Earth's surface to climate change.
The lake is shrinking, so are the chances of his children becoming fishermen. “If things go on like this, I don't think our children can become fishermen like us. They will have to choose other jobs，” the 56?year?old Traore said. “During the rainy season, there is a lot of water but as soon as it's over, there is no water left in the lake. We are fishermen. I don't think our children will be，” he said.
Lake Wegnia is in the Sahel region of Koulikoro, around 120 kilometers north of Mali's capital, Bamako. Some 12,000 people, including fishermen and farmers, depend on it for food, water and employment. But the lake has shrunk by 20 percent since 2017.
The UN expects temperatures there to increase 1.5 times higher than the average increase worldwide. UN officials note that the flooding and a severe lack of rainfall can cause problems in the Sahel: Food insecurity, the fight over farmland and the fast population growth can lead to conflict.
Aid group is leading the Eco?Lac Wegnia project. The group is working to improve water management and fight the effects of global warming. Moussa Savagodo is Eco?Lac Wegnia's local representative. He says that failing to make changes quickly can mean the lake will disappear completely in less than 5 years.
People in the rural areas Wegnia and Kononi?Sirakoro have planted 56,000 trees in the past two years. And they are better controlling their water by building stone barriers to help the soil keep the rain that does fall. The progress and international official support are not enough for them, however. More and more people are turning to other agriculture.
1．How did Traore work to support his family in the past?
A．By fishing.
B．By raising farm animals.
C．By taking charge of the lake.
D．By working as an environmentalist.
2．What effect will the current trend of the lake have according to Traore?
A．A lot of farmland will form.
B．The rainy season will end early.
C．Many fishermen will flee their homes.
D．The later generation will change their careers.
3．Which statement do the UN and Aid group agree with?
A．Drought and flood will directly cause conflict.
B．Reducing population is a way to protect the lake.
C．Water management makes no difference to the lake.
D．The rise in temperature will cause water resource problems.
4．What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．The local officials.
B．The Aid group members.
C．The villagers.
D．The representatives.
B
[2021·日照模拟]In the middle of the 19th century，a fever dream of riches beyond measure drew countless explorers west to the mountains of central California.Although the gold rush ended up being a bust_for many who sought a fortune，some of those explorers discovered a natural treasure that would draw permanent settlers to Yosemite Valley in the following decade.
Vast wilderness，beautiful mountains，countless waterfalls，and abundant wildlife drew Native Americans to Yosemite roughly 10,000 years ago.The first non?native tourists arrived in the mid?1850s after reports from gold seekers told of an area of breathtaking beauty that no words were able to describe.
Fortunately，some of Yosemite's earliest settlers recognized that Yosemite's natural beauty and resources needed to be preserved for future generations.In the midst of the Civil War，President Abraham Lincoln signed a grant to protect Yosemite permanently，thus making it the nation's first land to be dedicated to recreation and setting the stage for what would become the national park system.
One of Yosemite's earliest ambassadors was Scottish?American naturalist and writer John Muir.After living in Yosemite for a few years，he helped define its proposed boundaries. He also wrote articles that helped lead to its official title as a National Park in 1890. He later co?founded the Sierra Club in 1892 to advocate for its continued preservation and protection.
Located on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in central California，Yosemite National Park runs across nearly 748,000 acres，almost 95%of which is wilderness.Around four million visitors come to Yosemite each year to camp，hike its miles of trails，climb its rock formations，and photograph its impressive sights.Are you ready to visit Yosemite National Park? Which of Yosemite's sights would you most like to experience?
5．Which of the following best explains“bust”underlined in Paragraph 1?
A．Memory. B．Symbo1.
C．Failure. D．Challenge.
6．When did the first non?native tourists come to Yosemite?
A．After it was discovered by gold seekers.
B．When the gold rush finally came to a stop.
C．Before native Americans found its beauty.
D．When it became a National Park in 1890.
7．What do we learn about John Muir?
A．He was the first to build the national park.
B．He helped set the boundaries of Yosemite.
C．He wrote to collect money for Yosemite.
D．He gave Yosemite an official name.
8．What do we know about Yosemite National Park?
A．It has been well preserved since the Civil War.
B．It was originally created to protect wild animals.
C．It used to be well?known for its man?made beauty.
D．It was once damaged by some of its earliest settlers.
Ⅱ.七选五
[2021·开封模拟]Quite simply, school trips are the journeys which take place outside a student's normal environment. __1__ Educational trips are normally done in a museum or a historic place. They could provide a better understanding as the students would be able to make a connection between a place, time, or even people in history and something they've seen on a field trip.
A trip to the zoo could provide a better understanding of animals. Biology is even better when there are proper animals to be named. __2__ Teachers and headmasters are advised to give the students prizes and rewards for different accomplishments done on a field trip.
Planetariums(天文馆) could help students remember constellations (星座) better. __3__ Planetariums could help them see that the earth is just a small planet in the universe and that there is no reason not to explore. If you are a teacher and you 're lucky, you may have taken the next greatest astronaut to the planetarium on a school trip.
__4__ Also they could help them see that there are so many living things that depend on them and how they can take care of nature. Children are very easily inspired. __5__ Therefore, it is necessary for teachers to often take their students to field trips, where they can have fun learning.
A．Make sure that these trips are interesting.
B．The importance of school trips can't be ignored.
C．A school trip is done mostly for educational purposes.
D．So it's best to instill in them good characters and education.
E．Games like naming animals could provide hours of fun and education.
F．School trips to farms could help students understand the value of nature.
G．They could also help students imagine how far the sun is from the earth.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，最近跟父母去国外旅行时所居住的旅馆服务不好。请根据以下要点提示给旅馆老板写一封80词左右的英文投诉信，信中应包括下列内容：
1．空调不能正常运行；
2．浴室不干净；
3．晚上周围噪声很大。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．it 2.a 3.to withdraw 4.employees 5.seeking 6.at
7．shorter 8.while 9.into
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．take seriously 2.seek shelter 3.to ease his discomfort
4．make her classes lively and interesting
Ⅲ.语篇语法填空
1．in 2.shaped 3.themselves 4.was inspired 5.watching
6．traditional 7.world's 8.that/which 9.but 10.buildings
【能力提升】Ⅰ.阅读理解
1．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The lake's fish have provided him with a way...raises farm animals.”由于他捕不到足够的鱼来养活家人，他现在饲养农场动物。可知，在过去，Traore靠捕鱼养家。故选A。
2．D 推理判断题。根据第二段中 “‘If things go on like this, I don't think our children can become fishermen like us. They will have to choose other jobs，’ the 56?year?old Traore said.”可知，下一代人将会选择其他的职业。故选D。
3．D 推理判断题。根据第四段 “UN officials note that the flooding and a severe lack of rainfall...lead to conflict.”可知，可知温度上升会导致水资源的问题。故选D。
4．C 词义猜测题。根据上文“People in the rural areas Wegnia and Kononi?Sirakoro have planted 56,000 trees in the past two years.”以及下文“More and more people are turning to other agriculture.”可知，这里指的是这些村民通过建造石头屏障来使土壤保持雨水，从而更好地控制水分。所以they指的是“村民”。故选C。
5．C 词义猜测题。根据Although和画线词后的“some of those explorers discovered a natural treasure”以及历史知识可知，尽管淘金热最终以许多淘金者的失败而告终，但其中一些探索者发现了一个自然宝藏。由此可知画线词词义为“失败”。故选C。
6．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The first non?native tourists arrived in the mid?1850s after reports from gold seekers told of an area of breathtaking beauty that no words were able to describe.”可知，第一批非本地游客是在听淘金者说这里有难以用语言描绘的美景后来到约塞米蒂的，也就是他们在这个地方被淘金者发现之后来到这里的。故选A。
7．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“After living in Yosemite for a few years，he helped define its proposed boundaries.”可知，在约塞米蒂居住多年后，John Muir帮助确定了约塞米蒂的边界。故选B。
8．A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In the midst of the Civil War，President Abraham Lincoln signed a grant to protect Yosemite permanently”可知，内战期间，林肯总统就签署了一项条款，永久保护约塞米蒂。由此可知，自内战期间起，约塞米蒂就得到了很好的保护。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
1．C 根据上文“Quite simply, school trips are the journeys which take place outside a student's normal environment.”(简言之，学校旅行就是发生在学生正常环境之外的旅行。)和下文“Educational trips are normally done …on a field trip.”(教育之旅通常在博物馆或历史名胜进行。他们可以提供更好的理解，因为学生将能够建立一个地点，时间，甚至历史上的人与他们在实地考察中看到的东西之间的联系。)可知，空处承上启下，说明了学校旅行的目的。C项：A school trip is done mostly for educational purposes.(学校旅行主要是为了教育目的。)符合语境。故选C。
2．E 根据下文本段主题句“A trip to the zoo could provide a better understanding of animals.”(去动物园旅行可以让人们更好地了解动物。)和上文“Biology is even better when there are proper animals to be named.”(如果有合适的动物可以命名，生物学就更好了。)可知，本段讲述的学校旅行目的地和动物园相关。E项：Games like naming animals could provide hours of fun and education.(像给动物命名这样的游戏可以提供几个小时的乐趣和教育。)符合语境。故选E。
3．G 根据上文“Planetariums could help students remember constellations better.”(天文馆可以帮助学生更好地记忆星座。)可知，本段主要说明去天文馆进行学校旅行的好处。G项：They could also help students imagine how far the sun is from the earth.(他们也可以帮助学生想象太阳离地球有多远。)符合语境。故选G。
4．F 空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Also they could help them see that...take care of nature.”(去农场旅行也可以帮助他们看到有这么多的生物，依靠他们和他们如何能照顾自然。)可知，F项中的“the value of nature”和“take care of nature”对应。F项：School trips to farms could help students understand the value of nature.(学校去农场旅行可以帮助学生理解自然的价值。)符合语境。故选F。
5．D 根据上文“Children are very easily inspired.”(孩子们很容易受到启发。)可知，下文与之构成因果关系，因为孩子们能受到启发，因此最好是向他们灌输良好的品格和教育。D项符合语境。故选D。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
参考范文：
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am Li Hua, a customer of your hotel. I am writing to complain about your hotel service.
To begin with, the air conditioner wouldn't work. Besides, much to my dissatisfaction, I found the bathroom rather dirty to bathe in. What annoys me most is that the noise outside at night, which was so loud that we found it hard to fall asleep. There is no doubt that your service needs to be improved.
I am really annoyed about it. I hope you can look into the case and take effective measures to prevent such things happening again.
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．[2019·江苏卷]Chris and Tim offered us the answer: human beings took ________ for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better guide.
2．Singaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with ________ small, polite bow.
3．[2017·浙江卷]Just at that time, the wolf might feel the threats from the people, starting ________ (withdraw)．
4．[2020·全国卷Ⅰ卷]In another, ________ (employ)were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
5．[2018·北京卷]More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many ________ (seek) employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions.
6．Although the traditional Chinese dress may look more beautiful and stylish, it is a little bit strange to walk around in it. We feel ________ ease in our school uniforms every day.
7．[2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]Always make your presentation just a bit ________ (short) than anticipated.
8．[2020·全国卷Ⅰ]Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, ________ most likely contributing to fewer injuries.
9．[2020·浙江7月卷] I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them ________ something new and useful.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．[2018·浙江卷]第二，重视小区的整体外观。
Second, ________________ the overall appearance of the neighborhood ________________.
2．当然，解决办法是种树，这样动物就可以在白天寻找庇护。
The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could ______________________ during the daytime.
3．就这样，我每天花8到10个小时在医院陪着乔，尽我所能减轻他的不适。
With that, I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the hospital, doing anything and everything I could ______________________________.
4．[2020·全国卷Ⅰ]我们都尊敬她，因为她总是尝试新的方法使她的课生动有趣。
We all respect her because she always tries new ways to ____________________________.
Ⅲ.语篇语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nature has inspired many fascinating designs 1.________ architecture. Singapore's Art Science Museum，2.________ (shape) to resemble a lotus flower，was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment. Visitors are often amazed to find 3.________ (they) in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms. Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce 4.________ (inspire) to create Harare's Eastgate Centre while 5.________ (watch) termites constructing their nests. The design reduces the need for 6.________ (tradition) air conditioning and heating systems，so the building uses less energy and costs less to run. The 7.________ (world) first algae?powered building is in Hamburg，Germany. Its surface is covered in panels 8.________ contain algae. The building therefore not only uses less energy，9.________ also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy. Creating such 10.________ (building) enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2021·海东模拟]Modeste Traore has lived his whole life near Lake Wegnia, in the Sahel area of Mali. The lake's fish have provided him with a way to earn money to support his extended family. However, because he can't catch enough fish to feed his family, he now raises farm animals. But as temperatures rise, evaporation increases, making the body of water shrinks. Studies have linked rising temperatures on Earth's surface to climate change.
The lake is shrinking, so are the chances of his children becoming fishermen. “If things go on like this, I don't think our children can become fishermen like us. They will have to choose other jobs，” the 56?year?old Traore said. “During the rainy season, there is a lot of water but as soon as it's over, there is no water left in the lake. We are fishermen. I don't think our children will be，” he said.
Lake Wegnia is in the Sahel region of Koulikoro, around 120 kilometers north of Mali's capital, Bamako. Some 12,000 people, including fishermen and farmers, depend on it for food, water and employment. But the lake has shrunk by 20 percent since 2017.
The UN expects temperatures there to increase 1.5 times higher than the average increase worldwide. UN officials note that the flooding and a severe lack of rainfall can cause problems in the Sahel: Food insecurity, the fight over farmland and the fast population growth can lead to conflict.
Aid group is leading the Eco?Lac Wegnia project. The group is working to improve water management and fight the effects of global warming. Moussa Savagodo is Eco?Lac Wegnia's local representative. He says that failing to make changes quickly can mean the lake will disappear completely in less than 5 years.
People in the rural areas Wegnia and Kononi?Sirakoro have planted 56,000 trees in the past two years. And they are better controlling their water by building stone barriers to help the soil keep the rain that does fall. The progress and international official support are not enough for them, however. More and more people are turning to other agriculture.
1．How did Traore work to support his family in the past?
A．By fishing.
B．By raising farm animals.
C．By taking charge of the lake.
D．By working as an environmentalist.
2．What effect will the current trend of the lake have according to Traore?
A．A lot of farmland will form.
B．The rainy season will end early.
C．Many fishermen will flee their homes.
D．The later generation will change their careers.
3．Which statement do the UN and Aid group agree with?
A．Drought and flood will directly cause conflict.
B．Reducing population is a way to protect the lake.
C．Water management makes no difference to the lake.
D．The rise in temperature will cause water resource problems.
4．What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．The local officials.
B．The Aid group members.
C．The villagers.
D．The representatives.
B
[2021·日照模拟]In the middle of the 19th century，a fever dream of riches beyond measure drew countless explorers west to the mountains of central California.Although the gold rush ended up being a bust_for many who sought a fortune，some of those explorers discovered a natural treasure that would draw permanent settlers to Yosemite Valley in the following decade.
Vast wilderness，beautiful mountains，countless waterfalls，and abundant wildlife drew Native Americans to Yosemite roughly 10,000 years ago.The first non?native tourists arrived in the mid?1850s after reports from gold seekers told of an area of breathtaking beauty that no words were able to describe.
Fortunately，some of Yosemite's earliest settlers recognized that Yosemite's natural beauty and resources needed to be preserved for future generations.In the midst of the Civil War，President Abraham Lincoln signed a grant to protect Yosemite permanently，thus making it the nation's first land to be dedicated to recreation and setting the stage for what would become the national park system.
One of Yosemite's earliest ambassadors was Scottish?American naturalist and writer John Muir.After living in Yosemite for a few years，he helped define its proposed boundaries. He also wrote articles that helped lead to its official title as a National Park in 1890. He later co?founded the Sierra Club in 1892 to advocate for its continued preservation and protection.
Located on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in central California，Yosemite National Park runs across nearly 748,000 acres，almost 95%of which is wilderness.Around four million visitors come to Yosemite each year to camp，hike its miles of trails，climb its rock formations，and photograph its impressive sights.Are you ready to visit Yosemite National Park? Which of Yosemite's sights would you most like to experience?
5．Which of the following best explains“bust”underlined in Paragraph 1?
A．Memory. B．Symbo1.
C．Failure. D．Challenge.
6．When did the first non?native tourists come to Yosemite?
A．After it was discovered by gold seekers.
B．When the gold rush finally came to a stop.
C．Before native Americans found its beauty.
D．When it became a National Park in 1890.
7．What do we learn about John Muir?
A．He was the first to build the national park.
B．He helped set the boundaries of Yosemite.
C．He wrote to collect money for Yosemite.
D．He gave Yosemite an official name.
8．What do we know about Yosemite National Park?
A．It has been well preserved since the Civil War.
B．It was originally created to protect wild animals.
C．It used to be well?known for its man?made beauty.
D．It was once damaged by some of its earliest settlers.
Ⅱ.七选五
[2021·开封模拟]Quite simply, school trips are the journeys which take place outside a student's normal environment. __1__ Educational trips are normally done in a museum or a historic place. They could provide a better understanding as the students would be able to make a connection between a place, time, or even people in history and something they've seen on a field trip.
A trip to the zoo could provide a better understanding of animals. Biology is even better when there are proper animals to be named. __2__ Teachers and headmasters are advised to give the students prizes and rewards for different accomplishments done on a field trip.
Planetariums(天文馆) could help students remember constellations (星座) better. __3__ Planetariums could help them see that the earth is just a small planet in the universe and that there is no reason not to explore. If you are a teacher and you 're lucky, you may have taken the next greatest astronaut to the planetarium on a school trip.
__4__ Also they could help them see that there are so many living things that depend on them and how they can take care of nature. Children are very easily inspired. __5__ Therefore, it is necessary for teachers to often take their students to field trips, where they can have fun learning.
A．Make sure that these trips are interesting.
B．The importance of school trips can't be ignored.
C．A school trip is done mostly for educational purposes.
D．So it's best to instill in them good characters and education.
E．Games like naming animals could provide hours of fun and education.
F．School trips to farms could help students understand the value of nature.
G．They could also help students imagine how far the sun is from the earth.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，最近跟父母去国外旅行时所居住的旅馆服务不好。请根据以下要点提示给旅馆老板写一封80词左右的英文投诉信，信中应包括下列内容：
1．空调不能正常运行；
2．浴室不干净；
3．晚上周围噪声很大。
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参考答案
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．it 2.a 3.to withdraw 4.employees 5.seeking 6.at
7．shorter 8.while 9.into
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．take seriously 2.seek shelter 3.to ease his discomfort
4．make her classes lively and interesting
Ⅲ.语篇语法填空
1．in 2.shaped 3.themselves 4.was inspired 5.watching
6．traditional 7.world's 8.that/which 9.but 10.buildings
【能力提升】Ⅰ.阅读理解
1．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The lake's fish have provided him with a way...raises farm animals.”由于他捕不到足够的鱼来养活家人，他现在饲养农场动物。可知，在过去，Traore靠捕鱼养家。故选A。
2．D 推理判断题。根据第二段中 “‘If things go on like this, I don't think our children can become fishermen like us. They will have to choose other jobs，’ the 56?year?old Traore said.”可知，下一代人将会选择其他的职业。故选D。
3．D 推理判断题。根据第四段 “UN officials note that the flooding and a severe lack of rainfall...lead to conflict.”可知，可知温度上升会导致水资源的问题。故选D。
4．C 词义猜测题。根据上文“People in the rural areas Wegnia and Kononi?Sirakoro have planted 56,000 trees in the past two years.”以及下文“More and more people are turning to other agriculture.”可知，这里指的是这些村民通过建造石头屏障来使土壤保持雨水，从而更好地控制水分。所以they指的是“村民”。故选C。
5．C 词义猜测题。根据Although和画线词后的“some of those explorers discovered a natural treasure”以及历史知识可知，尽管淘金热最终以许多淘金者的失败而告终，但其中一些探索者发现了一个自然宝藏。由此可知画线词词义为“失败”。故选C。
6．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The first non?native tourists arrived in the mid?1850s after reports from gold seekers told of an area of breathtaking beauty that no words were able to describe.”可知，第一批非本地游客是在听淘金者说这里有难以用语言描绘的美景后来到约塞米蒂的，也就是他们在这个地方被淘金者发现之后来到这里的。故选A。
7．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“After living in Yosemite for a few years，he helped define its proposed boundaries.”可知，在约塞米蒂居住多年后，John Muir帮助确定了约塞米蒂的边界。故选B。
8．A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In the midst of the Civil War，President Abraham Lincoln signed a grant to protect Yosemite permanently”可知，内战期间，林肯总统就签署了一项条款，永久保护约塞米蒂。由此可知，自内战期间起，约塞米蒂就得到了很好的保护。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
1．C 根据上文“Quite simply, school trips are the journeys which take place outside a student's normal environment.”(简言之，学校旅行就是发生在学生正常环境之外的旅行。)和下文“Educational trips are normally done …on a field trip.”(教育之旅通常在博物馆或历史名胜进行。他们可以提供更好的理解，因为学生将能够建立一个地点，时间，甚至历史上的人与他们在实地考察中看到的东西之间的联系。)可知，空处承上启下，说明了学校旅行的目的。C项：A school trip is done mostly for educational purposes.(学校旅行主要是为了教育目的。)符合语境。故选C。
2．E 根据下文本段主题句“A trip to the zoo could provide a better understanding of animals.”(去动物园旅行可以让人们更好地了解动物。)和上文“Biology is even better when there are proper animals to be named.”(如果有合适的动物可以命名，生物学就更好了。)可知，本段讲述的学校旅行目的地和动物园相关。E项：Games like naming animals could provide hours of fun and education.(像给动物命名这样的游戏可以提供几个小时的乐趣和教育。)符合语境。故选E。
3．G 根据上文“Planetariums could help students remember constellations better.”(天文馆可以帮助学生更好地记忆星座。)可知，本段主要说明去天文馆进行学校旅行的好处。G项：They could also help students imagine how far the sun is from the earth.(他们也可以帮助学生想象太阳离地球有多远。)符合语境。故选G。
4．F 空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Also they could help them see that...take care of nature.”(去农场旅行也可以帮助他们看到有这么多的生物，依靠他们和他们如何能照顾自然。)可知，F项中的“the value of nature”和“take care of nature”对应。F项：School trips to farms could help students understand the value of nature.(学校去农场旅行可以帮助学生理解自然的价值。)符合语境。故选F。
5．D 根据上文“Children are very easily inspired.”(孩子们很容易受到启发。)可知，下文与之构成因果关系，因为孩子们能受到启发，因此最好是向他们灌输良好的品格和教育。D项符合语境。故选D。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
参考范文：
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am Li Hua, a customer of your hotel. I am writing to complain about your hotel service.
To begin with, the air conditioner wouldn't work. Besides, much to my dissatisfaction, I found the bathroom rather dirty to bathe in. What annoys me most is that the noise outside at night, which was so loud that we found it hard to fall asleep. There is no doubt that your service needs to be improved.
I am really annoyed about it. I hope you can look into the case and take effective measures to prevent such things happening again.
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua