2021-2022学年人教版（2019）高中英语：必修一 Unit 4 Natural disasters 教材知识串讲 课件（42张ppt）

2021-2022学年人教版（2019）高中英语：必修一 Unit 4 Natural disasters 教材知识串讲 课件
I.阅读单词————-知其意
1. helicopter n. _______
2. death n. _________
3. crack n. ___________ vi. & vt. ___________
4. percent n. ___________ adj. & adv. _________
5. brick n. ___________
6. metal n. ____________
7. kit n. ___________________
8. revival n. ___________
直升机
死；死亡
裂纹；裂缝 (使)破裂
百分之…… 每一百中
砖；砖块
金属
成套工具；成套设备
振兴；复苏
I.阅读单词————-知其意
9. disaster n. ___________
10. tornado n. _____________
11. drought n. ____________
12. landslide n. ___________________________
13. slide vi. & vt. _________________
14. tsunami n. _____
15 magnitude n. _________________
16. evacuate vt. ___________ vi. _____
灾难；灾害
龙卷风；旋风
旱灾；久旱
(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡
(使)滑行；滑动
海啸
(地)震级；重大
疏散；撤出 撤离
I.阅读单词————-知其意
17. whistle vi. _________________ vt. _______
n. __________________
18. calm adj. ______________ vt. ______________
19. aid n. _____________________ vi. & vt. ___________
20. crash vt. & vi. ___________ n. ___________
21. sweep vt. & vi. ___________
22. wave n. ___________ vi. & vt. ___________
23. summary n. _________________
吹口哨；发出笛声 吹口哨
哨子(声)；呼啸声
镇静的；沉着的 使平静；使镇静
援助；帮助；救援物资 帮助；援助
碰撞；撞击 撞车；碰撞
打扫；清扫
海浪；波浪 挥手；招手
总结；概括；概要
I.阅读单词————-知其意
24. unify vi. & vt. ___________________
25. wisdom n. ___________
26. context n. ___________________
27. typhoon n. _____
28. hurricane n. _______________________
29. tap vi. & vt. _________________
n. ___________________
30. pipe n. ___________
统一；(使)成一体
智慧；才智
上下文；语境；背景
台风
(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
管子；管道
II.重点单词————-知其形
1. __________________ vt. 埋葬；安葬
2. __________________ n. 供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品
vt. 供应；供给
3. __________________ vi. & vt. 侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
4. __________________ n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏
5. __________________vt. & vi. 复活；(使)苏醒
bury
supply
strike
ruin
revive
II.重点单词————-知其形
6. __________________ n. 洪水；大量 vi. 淹没；大量涌入
vt. 使灌满水；淹没
7. __________________ n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
8. __________________ n. 突发事件；紧急情况
9. __________________ n. & vt. 营救；救援
10. __________________ vt. 损害；破坏 n. 损坏；损失
11. __________________ vt. 摧毁；毁灭
12. __________________ n. 避难处；居所；庇护
vt. 保护；掩蔽 vi. 躲避(风雨或危险)
13. __________________ vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n. 险境；陷阱
flood
effort
emergency
rescue
damage
destroy
shelter
trap
III.拓展单词————-知其变
1. ___________ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. (使)震惊
→____________ adj.令人震惊的；骇人的
→___________ adj. (感到)震惊的
2. ___________ n. 电；电能→__________ adj. 电的；与电有关的
→________ adj. 用电的；电动的；带电的
3. ___________ vi. & vt. 呼吸→____________ n. 呼吸；气息
→__________ adj.气喘吁吁的；喘不过气来的
shock
shocking
shocked
electricity electrical
electric
breathe breath
breathless
III.拓展单词————-知其变
4. ______ vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
→_________ n. 痛苦；受难→________ n. 受难者；患病者
5. ______________ vi. & vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出
→_______________ n. 爆发；喷发
6. ___________ n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力
→________ adj. 强有力的；强大的
→__________ adv. 强烈地；有效地
suffer
suffering sufferer
erupt
eruption
power
powerful
powerfully
III.拓展单词————-知其变
7. _______ vt. & vi. 递送；传达 vt. 发表
→________ n. 传递；交付；递送
8. ______________ n. 影响；结果；效果
→______________ vt. 影响；疾病侵袭；深深打动
→_________ adj. 有效的；生效的
9. ______ n. 长；长度→________ v. 加长；延长
→____ adj. 长的；冗长的
10. _______ vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过
→________ n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物→________ n. 生还者；幸存者
deliver
delivery
effect
affect
effective
length lengthen
long
survive
survival survivor
IV.单元短语————-再认再现
1. _____________________结束
2. _________________________重新站起来；东山再起
3. _____________________ 露天；在户外
4. _____________________现有(尤指帮助)
5. _____________________提供；提出；建造；
举起；提高；张贴
6. _____________________ 似乎；好像；仿佛
come to an end
get back up on one's feet
in the open air
on hand
put up
as if
IV.单元短语————-再认再现
7. _____________________严重受损；破败不堪
8. _____________________震惊；吃惊
9. _____________________ 是/成为……的家园
10. _____________________消灭；彻底消除
in ruins
in shock
be/become a home to
sweep away
V.教材句式————-举一反三
1. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. (too ... to ...)
这个小男孩太小了而不能举起这个沉重的石头。
The little boy is __________________the heavy stone.
too young to raise
V.教材句式————-举一反三
2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(it seemed as if ...)
好像他已经知道了刚才所发生的一切。
_______________ he had known about what happened just now.
It seemed as if
V.教材句式————-举一反三
3. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. (主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式)
众所周知，山里的空气呼吸起来很舒服。
As we all know, _____________________________ in the mountainous areas.
the air is comfortable to breathe
V.教材句式————-举一反三
4. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.( make it difficult to do ...)
它们不仅使人们在晚上很难睡觉，而且还损害着我们具有历史价值的房子和商店。
They not only _____________________________________ at night, but they are doing damage to our houses and shops of historical interest.
make it difficult for people to sleep
1. affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
(1)be affected by 被……侵袭；被……感动
be affected with high fever 发高烧
(2)effect n. 作用；影响；效果；结果
influence n. & v. 影响
have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响
(3)affection n. [U]喜爱；钟爱；慈爱
sb.'s affections 某人的钟爱
1. affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
单句语法填空
①Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect________ everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life.
②________ (affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery.
③I feel much _________ (affect) for my mum, whose words and actions have a positive effect ___me.
on
Affected
affection
on
2. bury vt. 埋葬；安葬
be buried in/bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于
be buried in thought 沉思
单句语法填空
①The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, _______ (bury) her head in the book in her hands.
②He stood on the sidewalk with his hands ______(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
③When I entered the room, I found him _______ (bury) his face in his hands.
burying
buried
burying
3. suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏
suffer from 遭受；患病
(2)suffering n. 痛苦；苦难；折磨；让人痛苦的事
(1)suffer 用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接 pain, loss,
defeat, poverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, damage 等名词作宾语。
(2)suffer 用作不及物动词，其后常接 from，表示“受……之苦；患某种疾病”。
3. suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
单句语法填空
①Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered _______ blindness for lack of proper treatment.
②It is hard to imagine the pain and ___________(suffer) these poor people went through during the winter months.
from
sufferings
4. survive vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过
(1)survive＋n.(the fire/earthquake/accident ...)
从(火灾/地震/事故等) 中生还
survive on 靠……维持生活；靠……存活下来
(2)survival n. 幸存；[C]遗物；幸存物
(3)survivor n. 幸存者；死里逃生的人
4. survive vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过
单句语法填空
①Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us __________ (survive) is to live in harmony with nature.
②After the plane crash, what the ____________ (survive) could do was to wait for rescue on this desert island.
③If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of ________ (survive).
to survive
survivors
survival
5. power n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 vt. 给 ……提供动力
(1)come to/into power 掌权； 上台
beyond one's power 某人力所不能及的
do all/everything in one's power/do one's best 尽力而为； 竭尽全力
in power 当权的；执政的
(2)powerful adj. 强大的；权力大的
(3)powerfully adv. 强有力地；强大地
(4)powerless adj. 无权力的；无力量的；无能为力的
5. power n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 vt. 给 ……提供动力
单句语法填空
①Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family — and that's pretty ________ (power)．
②After the new president came _______ power, he took a series of measures to improve people's life.
③The government has been __ power for twenty years, and is still going strong.
④Not that I don't want to help you, but that it's ______ my power to do so.
powerful
to/into
in
beyond
1. 6. strike vi. & vt. (struck, struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；敲；(使)突然想起 n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
(1)sth. strikes sb. 某人突然想到某事
It strikes sb. that/to do ... 某人想到……
(2)be struck by ... 被……打动；迷恋……
(3)strike sb. in/on＋the＋身体部位 打某人某部位
(4)be on/go on strike 在/举行罢工
写出下列句子中 strike 的词性和含义
①She was practising surfing when a shark struck. ______
②The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.____________________
③I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning.___________
④It struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day. ________
⑤The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down. ________
v. 袭击
v. 打动；给……以印象
v. (钟) 敲
v. 想起
n. 罢工
7. ruin n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏
(1)in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；成为废墟
(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己； 自取灭亡
ruin one's health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉
单句语法填空
①There is also the matter of tone (语气). Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ______ (ruin) an entire day?
②Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists _______ (ruin) the atmosphere of peace?
ruined
ruining
7. ruin n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏
③Drunk driving not only ruined _______ (he) but also killed several passers-by.
④When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighbourhood ______ ruins.
完成句子
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。
⑤The whole city lay ________ after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.
himself
in
in ruins
8. put up 提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿
put up with 容忍；忍受
put forward 提出(意见、建议)
put on 穿上；上演
put off 推迟；延期
put away 放好(某物)；储存
put down 放下；写下；镇压
put aside ... 储存……备用；留下……供专用
8. put up 提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿
写出下列句子中 put up 的含义
①First he opened a shop and then put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers._____
②Those who know the answer to the question, please put up your hands._____
③I was hoping Kate could put me up for a few nights when I visited the city. _____
④Most big stores admit they daren't put prices up for fear of losing their customers._____
张贴
举起
留宿
提高
8. put up 提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿
完成句子
学生们提出了许多需要马上解决的问题。
⑤The students have ______________________________ that need to be solved at once.
我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。
⑥I can ___________ the house's being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.
每年孩子们都把一些零花钱存起来买新年礼物。
⑦Every year children ____________________________________ to buy New Year's presents.
put forward a lot of questions
put up with
put aside some of their pocket money
9. 主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式
(教材原文)Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.
水、食物和电难以获得。
“主语＋be＋adj. ＋不定式”结构中，用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：
(1)不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；
(2)常用形容词有：good, difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, interesting, exciting 等。
不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。
9. 主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式
单句语法填空
①The problem looks rather easy, but in fact it is very hard to deal____.
②This problem is not easy _________ (figure) out.
with
to figure
9. 主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式
完成句子
在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。
③Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favourite. The morning air is _______________.
虽然李萍不健谈，但与她相处不难。
④While Li Ping is not a talkative girl, _______________________________________.
good to breathe
she is not difficult to get along with
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Right after he ___________ (rescue) by the soldiers from the ruins, he saluted (行礼) and smiled at them.
2. As this lock ___________________________ (damage), this door will never open!
3. If you do, you won't be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that _____ (ruin) everyone's day.
4. Some miners ____________ (trap) underground after the sudden collapse of the mine.
was rescued
is damaged/has been damaged
ruins
were trapped
用所给词的适当形式填空
5. ______ (bury) in reading, she didn't notice her mother standing aside her for a while.
6. He often ________ (supply) food and clothing to the children in the mountainous areas.
7. Mastering some basic skills will greatly increase your chances of ________. Last week, thanks to the swimming skills, he and his friend succeeded in _________ the terrible flood and they were the only two _________. (survive)
Buried
supplies
survival
surviving
survivors
用所给词的适当形式填空
8. We were_______at the________news that he died suddenly yesterday. (shock)
9. This area ____________ by the terrible flood, so we must take _________ measures to help it go through the difficulties. (effect)
10. You must learn __________ regularly. Otherwise, you will feel out of ______ after such a long distance. (breath)
11. The road has a total ______ of two miles only, so the workers decide to ________ it. (long)
shocked shocking
was affected
effective
to breathe
breath
length
lengthen
填入一个适当的词
1. Her life has not come ____ an end, and she also doesn't know what is waiting for her ahead.
2. The buffalo (野牛) then tried to lift itself up with great difficulty, and after some time managed to get back ____ on its feet.
3. Always have your dictionary ____ hand when you study because it is very convenient for you to refer to it.
4.After the terrible earthquake, all the houses and buildings became 1. ____ ruins. It seemed as 2. _____the world were at an end. Despite this, all the people decided to work hard to sweep 3. ____ the disaster and rebuild their home.
to
up
on
in
if
away
语篇填空
The wildfires in Australia became considerably worse in January, 2020. The disaster faced by 1. ___ country is far from over. Many of the fires 2. ____ (send) smoke high into the atmosphere and some smoke turned into pyrocumulonimbus clouds (积雨云). The clouds can help a fire draw in more air and shift surface winds,3. _________ (result) in fire tornadoes (龙卷风). Fires have destroyed habitats for animals that 4. _________ (find) only in Australia, including koalas and rare birds. It will take time to fully know how much harm the 5._____(fire) have done to wildlife.
the
sent
resulting
are found
fires
语篇填空
The wildfires are expected 6.__________ (continue) burning for months as Australia entered its dry season.
This past year, 2019, is the hottest and driest year on record. Fires happen 7. _________ (regular) during the Australian dry season. However, climate and natural changes are making the situation 8. _____ (bad). At least 12 million acres have been burned so far in Victoria and New South Wales alone. Smoke from the fires has made 9. __ to South America. There is so much smoke that it may stay in the air for months, 10._____ could have a small effect on the planet's climate.
to continue
regularly
worse
it
which
?
Bye-bye!