2021-2022学年译林版高中英语：必修四 Unit 3 Tomorrow's world 知识点 学案（含答案）
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2021-2022学年译林版高中英语：必修四 Unit 3 Tomorrow's world 知识点学案
一、重点单词与短语：
1. reality n. 现实，真实 [u]；事实；实际经历，见到的事物 [c]
①in reality 事实上，实际上
②face reality 面对现实
③turn…into reality 把……变成现实
④bring sb. back to reality 使某人面对现实
⑤become a reality 成为现实
▲real adj. 真实的
▲really adv. 真地，真正地
▲realize vt. 意识到，实现
▲realization n. 认识，领悟，实现
▲realizable adj. 可实现的
辨析：reality与truth的区别
①reality“真实，实在”，指某物的确存在。
the grim realities of war 战争的冷酷现实
②truth“真实，真理”，指对人或事实而言。
This is an eternal truth. 这是个永恒的真理。
典题赏析：
1) Her dream became _______.
A. reality B. a reality C. the reality D. realities
2) He appears careless, but _______, he is a very careful person.
A. in all B. in reality C. in return D. in a word
2. amaze vt. 使惊奇，使惊愕
▲amazing adj. 令人惊奇的，令人惊叹的
▲amazed adj. 惊异的，惊奇的
▲amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕，惊叹 [u]
①to one’s amazement使某人惊奇的是
辨析：surprise，astonish与amaze的区别
1) surprise “使吃惊，使惊奇,”最常用词，意思较弱。
2) astonish “使大吃一惊”（= surprise greatly）
3) amaze“使惊奇，使惊愕，”含惊叹，佩服之意。
3. add vt. & vi.? 增加，添加；补充说，接着说
①add to 增加，增添
②add…to… 把……加到……里
③add?up? 加起来
④add?up?to? 加起来有，总计有，总数有
⑤add?that… 接着说……
典题赏析：
1) The ship Salam 98 caught fire and the bad weather _______ the despair of all the people on board.
A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. led to
2) He received a letter with an unusual stamp on from his friend, which _______ his collection.
A. added up to B. added to C. made up D. made up for
3) Abraham Lincoln抯 whole education _______ no more than one year.
A. added to B. added up C. added up to D. added that
4. winning adj. 制胜的，获胜的
▲win vi. & vt. 赢得，获胜
▲win-win adj. 双赢的
▲winner n. 优胜者，获胜者
5. confident adj. 自信的；肯定的，有把握的
①be confident of 确信……，对……有把握
②be confident that 确信……
▲confidence n. 确信，信心，信任 [u]
③have confidence in 对……有信心
④lack confidence in oneself 缺乏自信心
典题赏析：
1) She was confident _______ her becoming popular with the students.
A. of B. to C. for D. in
2) I had every _______ in my secretary; she would do the right thing.
A. knowledge B. dependence C. belief D. confidence
6. put forward 提出（观点，议案等）；向前拨
①put across 解释，说明
②put aside 储蓄
③put away 把……收起来，放好
④put back 把（钟、表）拨慢；推迟，阻碍
⑤put through 接通；做成，完成
⑥put down 放下，镇压
⑦put off 推迟，拖延
⑧put on 穿上，戴上
⑨put out 扑灭；公布，广播，出版
⑩put up 挂起，张贴；建造，搭起
put up with 忍耐，容忍
put together 组织，汇集；组装
典题赏析：
1) The workers will go on strike if the demands they _______ are turned down.
A. put off B. put forward C. put out D. put away
2) Tom, _______ the box carefully. It is filled with glasses which we’ll soon need.
A. put down B. put on C. put off D. put together
3) Every Sunday afternoon mom would put everything in the house ______ and make a thorough cleaning.
A. out B. up C. away D. off
7. disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的
①be disappointed with/in 对……感到失望
②be disappointed at 因为/由于……而失望
③be disappointed to do sth. 干某事而感到失望
④be disappointed that… ……是失望的。
▲disappointing adj. 令人失望的，令人扫兴的
▲disappoint vt. 使失望，使受困难
▲disappointment n. 失望 [u]；令人失望的人、物或事情 [c]
⑤to one’s disappointment 使某人失望的是
⑥in disappointment 失望地
典题赏析：
1) We are in low _____ today because one result was _____ and the other is ______ that.
A. spirits; disappointing; no better than B. spirits; disappointed; not better than
C. spirit; disappointing; not better than D. spirit; disappointed; no better than
2) 梂hy did Jack look upset?
桯e was pretty ______ at the ______ news.
A. disappointed; disappointed B. disappointing; disappointing
C. disappointing; disappointed D. disappointed; disappointing
3) To his ______, he didn抰 pass the driving test.
A. joy B. disappointment C. delight D. pity
8. disabled adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的
▲disable vt. 使无能
▲disability n. 无能，残疾 [c/u]
残疾人：disabled people = people with disabilities
9. convenience n. 方便，便利，合适 [u]
convenience food/store 方便食品/便利店
①at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候
②make a convenience of 利用
▲convenient adj. 方便的，便利的，适合需要的
③It is convenient to sb. . 在某人方便的时候
Please come to see me when it is convenient to you. 当你方便的时候，请来看我。
④It is convenient for sb. to do sth.. 对某人来说，干某事是方便的。
It is convenient for you to go to town. 对你来说，进城是方便的。
典题赏析：
1) Our house is very _______ for the shops.
A. convenient B. suitable C. sufficient D. continuous
2) If it is quite _______ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. 【天津卷】
A. fair B. easy C. comfortable D. convenient
3) Would it be _______ for you to pick me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport? 【山东卷】
A. free B. vacant C. handy D. convenient
10. injure vt. 伤害，损害
①injure one’s pride 伤害某人的自尊
②injure one’s reputation 损害了某人的名誉
③injure an arm 伤了一只胳膊
▲injury n. 伤，伤口；伤害，损害 [c/u]
▲injured adj. 受伤的
④be injured 受伤
⑤the injured 伤者
⑥an injured look/expression 受伤的样子/表情
典题赏析：
1) The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _____ himself.
A. injure B. had injured C. injured D. would injure
2) It was really very dangerous; you ____ him seriously.
A. might have injured B. could injure C. should have injured D. must injure
3) Please don抰 say anything that might _______ her feelings.
A. hurt B. damage C. wound D. injure
4) So badly _______ in the accident that Smarton was delayed in the hospital for treatment.
A. did he injure B. he injured C. was he injured D. he was injured
11. as to/for 至于，关于
12. electric adj. 电的，导电的，带电的，电力的
an electric wire/light/motor/torch 电线/电灯/电动机/电筒
辨析：electrical，electric与electronic 的区别
1) electric adj. “电的，导电的，带电的，电力的”，指以电为动力进行工作的装置。
2) electrical adj. “电的，电气科学的，与电有关的”，指与电有关的东西或人。
electrical equipment 电器设备 electrical engineers 电器工程师 electrical engineering 电工学
3) electronic adj. “电子的，电子操纵的” an electronic mail 电子邮件 an electronic computer 电脑
▲electricity n. 电，电学 [u]
13. last but not least 最后但同样重要的
14. accuse vt. 控诉，控告；谴责
①accuse sb of (doing) sth 控告某人(干)某事
②be accused of 被控告犯有…罪
类似结构有：rob sb. of sth.; inform sb. of sth.; cure sb. of sth.; deprive sb. of sth.; convince sb. of sth.
辨析：accuse…of…与charge…with…的区别
1) accuse…of… 表示面对面的，比较直接、尖锐的指控或遣责，但指控对方的事不一定严重的，不一定诉诸法律。
I have been accused of many things in my life, but never of cowardice.
我一生中曾因许多事情受人谴责，但从来不是因为胆小怕事。
2) charge…with… 可以表示因小的过错而责备，但通常用来表示因较严重的错误或罪行而受控告，并被诉诸法律。
The police charged him with murder. 警察指控他谋杀。
典题赏析：
1) The soldier was _______ of running away when the enemy attacked.
A. scolded B. charged C. accused D. punished
2) The woman was _______ with having beaten her five-year-old son.
A. criticized B. accused C. blamed D. charged
15. function vi. 起作用，正常运转
n. 作用，功能；职能
①function as 起……作用，具有……功能
▲functional adj. 实用的；功能的，机能的
16. importance n. 重要性
▲important adj. 重要的
①be of (great) importance = be (very) important（很）重要的
类似的有：be of (great) use/interest/help/significance/value/difference/benefit
= be (very) useful/interested/helpful/significant/valuable/different/beneficial
（很）有用的/有趣的/有帮助的/重要的/有价值的/不同的/有益的
17. hire vt. 聘用，雇用；租用，租借 (反：fire)
n. 租用，雇用，租金 [u]
①hire out 出租
②hire oneself (out) to 受雇于
③on/for hire 供出租
They hired a big hall. 他们租了一间大厅。
We hired a driver to take us on a tour of the city. 我们雇用了一个司机带我们游览这个城市。
辨析：employ，hire与rent的区别
1) hire 可指雇人，也可指租用车船、服装等物，多指临时雇用。
2) employ 指雇用人，聘请人，带有长期性，只指人，不指物。
3) rent 指租用场地、房屋、土地等，既可是长期的，也可是临时的。只指物，不指人。
They hired a boat yesterday. 昨天他们雇了一条船。
We employ him as an adviser. 我们雇用他当顾问。
She rented me a room. 她为我租了一个房间。
18. escape vi. & vt. 逃跑，逃离，逃脱；避免，避开；被遗忘，被忽视
n. 逃离，逃脱
①escape (doing) sth. 逃脱（干）某事
②escape death 死里逃生
③escape from 从……逃脱
④make one’s escape 逃走
⑤a narrow escape 九死一生
You are lucky to escape punishment/being punished. 你逃过了惩罚，真幸运。
You shouldn’t escape doing the work. 你不应该逃避做这份工作。
The prisoner escaped from prison last night. 昨晚那名囚犯越狱了。
Her name escapes me. 我记不起她的名字了。
典题赏析：
1) Tom was lucky to _______ being punished, though he made such a big mistake.
A. engage B. entertain C. envy D. escape
2) —I was wondering whether perhaps you could remember the name of the place.
—I’m afraid that _______ me for the moment.
A. reminds B. puzzles C. disturbs D. escapes
3) Luckily, the little boy escaped _______ in the fighting in the street.
A. of being killed B. from being killed C. of killing D. being killed
4) In the end, the _______ prisoner was caught in the desert.
A. escape B. escaping C. escaped D. escapes
19. terror n. 惊恐，恐惧 [u]；引起恐怖的人或物 [c]
①in terror 惊恐，恐惧
②strike terror into one’s heart 使某人心惊胆战
▲terrorism n. 恐怖主义 [u]
▲terrorist n. 恐怖主义者；恐怖分子 [c]
▲terrorize vt. 恐吓，恫吓，威胁
20. worn adj. 破旧的；疲惫的 (more～; most～)
①worn out 破旧的；疲惫不堪，精疲力竭
21. mankind n. 人类 [u]
辨析：mankind，human being和man“人，人类”
1) man表示‘人类’时，用单数形式，其前不用限定词。
?Man can't live without water. 没有水，人类就不能活。
2) mankind为集体名词，谓语用单复数皆可。
All progressive mankind love(s) peace. 所有进步的人类热爱和平。
3) human being为可数名词，复数为human beings.? ?
Human beings will be punished by nature. 人类将受到自然的惩罚。
22. impression n. 印象，感想 [c]
①make/leave/create an impression on 给……留下印象
▲impress vt. 给……留下深刻印象；使钦佩，使感动；印，印上
②impress...on/upon... 把……印在……上
He impresses a design on cloth. 他把图案印在布上。
③impress sb. with sth. = impress sth. on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象；使某人牢记某事
The girl impresses her friends with her sense of humour.
The girl impresses her sense of humour on her friends. 这女孩的幽默感给她的朋友以深刻的印象。
④be impressed by/at/with 被……所感动；对……留下深刻印象
We are impressed by/at/with his words. 我们被他的话所感动。
⑤be impressed on one’s mind/memory 被印在某人脑海里
His words were deeply impressed on our mind/memory. 他的话被深深地印在我们脑海里。
▲impressive adj. 令人难忘的，给人深刻印象的
典题赏析：
1) That was the first time I had gone there and I was _______ by the friendly people very much.
A. delivered B. favored C. mixed D. impressed
2) Remember that it will make a good _______ on others if you are very polite to everyone there.
A. action B. effect C. impression D. expression
3) The professor’s lecture has left a deep ____ on me and up till now I can still remember every word of it.
A. effect B. impression C. influence D. benefit
二、重点句型：
1. Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma, but the user will also experience the cold, smells, sights and sounds of the surrounding environment. 使用者不但能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，而且还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音。
分析：not only…but also…意为“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列句子。当not only位于句首时，其引导的句子应使用部分倒装。（注：but also引导的分句不倒装，also有时可以省略。）
Not only does the sun give us light, but also it gives us heat.
太阳不但给我们光，而且还给我们热。
Not only can he speak English correctly, but also he can speak it fluently.
他不但能正确地讲英语，而且讲得还很流利。
Not only is this young man clever, but (also) he is hardworking.
这个年轻人不但聪明，而且还努力。
典题赏析：
1) The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only _______, but the students became more interested in the lessons. 【全国卷】
A. saved was teachers’ energy B. was teachers’ energy saved
C. teachers’ energy was saved D. was saved teachers’ energy
2. This kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical, compared with the way most urban planning is done today.
长远来说，与现在大多数城市规划方式相比，这种城市规划方式更经济、更实用。
分析：句中“in the long term”意为“就长期而言，就长远来说”。“compared with/to…”是过去分词短语，作状语，意为“和……相比较”。另：compare…with… “把……和……相比”；compare…to… “把……比作……”。
典题赏析：
1) _____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.
A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared
2) In the 16-29 age group, 32% of women smoke _____ 28% of men.
A. comparing to B. comparing with C. compared to D. compare with
3) _____ with people in the West, people in the East pay much attention to their families.
A. Comparing B. Compared C. Compare D. To compare
4) My foot is very big, so they often _____ it ______ a little boat.
A. compares; to B. compares; with C. compare; to D. compare; with
3. In my opinion, it is about time that we had new computers.
我认为，该是我们拥有新电脑的时候了。
分析：句中“it is about time that we had new computers”，是个固定的句型，其构成为：It is (about/high) time that…。意为“该干……；是干……的时候了”，从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should + v.，should不能省略。
It is about time that we went/should go home. 我们该回家了。
It is high time that he bought/should buy a new bike. 他该买新自行车了。
与time相关的句型：
①It is time for sth. 是……的时候了。
②It is time for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，是干某事的时候了。
③It/This/That is the first time that + s + have/has + P.P. 这是干……的第一次。
④It/This/That was the first time that + s + had + P.P. 这是干……的第一次。
典题赏析：
1) It is time that you _______ home and I’d rather you _______ again tomorrow.
A. would go; would come B. went; came C. go; are going D. are going; will come
2) It is high time that he _______ off.
A. is B. was C. were D. be
3) This is the second time we _______ a film in the cinema together as a family.
A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen
4) It is time that something _______ about the traffic problem downtown.
A. could be done B. must be done C. should be done D. need be done
参考答案：
一、重点单词与短语：
1. BB 3. ABC 5. AD 6. BAC 7. ADB 9. ADD 10. AADC 14. CD 18.DDDC 22. DCB
二、重点句型：
1. B 2. DCBC 3. BCDC
8
一、重点单词与短语：
1. reality n. 现实，真实 [u]；事实；实际经历，见到的事物 [c]
①in reality 事实上，实际上
②face reality 面对现实
③turn…into reality 把……变成现实
④bring sb. back to reality 使某人面对现实
⑤become a reality 成为现实
▲real adj. 真实的
▲really adv. 真地，真正地
▲realize vt. 意识到，实现
▲realization n. 认识，领悟，实现
▲realizable adj. 可实现的
辨析：reality与truth的区别
①reality“真实，实在”，指某物的确存在。
the grim realities of war 战争的冷酷现实
②truth“真实，真理”，指对人或事实而言。
This is an eternal truth. 这是个永恒的真理。
典题赏析：
1) Her dream became _______.
A. reality B. a reality C. the reality D. realities
2) He appears careless, but _______, he is a very careful person.
A. in all B. in reality C. in return D. in a word
2. amaze vt. 使惊奇，使惊愕
▲amazing adj. 令人惊奇的，令人惊叹的
▲amazed adj. 惊异的，惊奇的
▲amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕，惊叹 [u]
①to one’s amazement使某人惊奇的是
辨析：surprise，astonish与amaze的区别
1) surprise “使吃惊，使惊奇,”最常用词，意思较弱。
2) astonish “使大吃一惊”（= surprise greatly）
3) amaze“使惊奇，使惊愕，”含惊叹，佩服之意。
3. add vt. & vi.? 增加，添加；补充说，接着说
①add to 增加，增添
②add…to… 把……加到……里
③add?up? 加起来
④add?up?to? 加起来有，总计有，总数有
⑤add?that… 接着说……
典题赏析：
1) The ship Salam 98 caught fire and the bad weather _______ the despair of all the people on board.
A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. led to
2) He received a letter with an unusual stamp on from his friend, which _______ his collection.
A. added up to B. added to C. made up D. made up for
3) Abraham Lincoln抯 whole education _______ no more than one year.
A. added to B. added up C. added up to D. added that
4. winning adj. 制胜的，获胜的
▲win vi. & vt. 赢得，获胜
▲win-win adj. 双赢的
▲winner n. 优胜者，获胜者
5. confident adj. 自信的；肯定的，有把握的
①be confident of 确信……，对……有把握
②be confident that 确信……
▲confidence n. 确信，信心，信任 [u]
③have confidence in 对……有信心
④lack confidence in oneself 缺乏自信心
典题赏析：
1) She was confident _______ her becoming popular with the students.
A. of B. to C. for D. in
2) I had every _______ in my secretary; she would do the right thing.
A. knowledge B. dependence C. belief D. confidence
6. put forward 提出（观点，议案等）；向前拨
①put across 解释，说明
②put aside 储蓄
③put away 把……收起来，放好
④put back 把（钟、表）拨慢；推迟，阻碍
⑤put through 接通；做成，完成
⑥put down 放下，镇压
⑦put off 推迟，拖延
⑧put on 穿上，戴上
⑨put out 扑灭；公布，广播，出版
⑩put up 挂起，张贴；建造，搭起
put up with 忍耐，容忍
put together 组织，汇集；组装
典题赏析：
1) The workers will go on strike if the demands they _______ are turned down.
A. put off B. put forward C. put out D. put away
2) Tom, _______ the box carefully. It is filled with glasses which we’ll soon need.
A. put down B. put on C. put off D. put together
3) Every Sunday afternoon mom would put everything in the house ______ and make a thorough cleaning.
A. out B. up C. away D. off
7. disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的
①be disappointed with/in 对……感到失望
②be disappointed at 因为/由于……而失望
③be disappointed to do sth. 干某事而感到失望
④be disappointed that… ……是失望的。
▲disappointing adj. 令人失望的，令人扫兴的
▲disappoint vt. 使失望，使受困难
▲disappointment n. 失望 [u]；令人失望的人、物或事情 [c]
⑤to one’s disappointment 使某人失望的是
⑥in disappointment 失望地
典题赏析：
1) We are in low _____ today because one result was _____ and the other is ______ that.
A. spirits; disappointing; no better than B. spirits; disappointed; not better than
C. spirit; disappointing; not better than D. spirit; disappointed; no better than
2) 梂hy did Jack look upset?
桯e was pretty ______ at the ______ news.
A. disappointed; disappointed B. disappointing; disappointing
C. disappointing; disappointed D. disappointed; disappointing
3) To his ______, he didn抰 pass the driving test.
A. joy B. disappointment C. delight D. pity
8. disabled adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的
▲disable vt. 使无能
▲disability n. 无能，残疾 [c/u]
残疾人：disabled people = people with disabilities
9. convenience n. 方便，便利，合适 [u]
convenience food/store 方便食品/便利店
①at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候
②make a convenience of 利用
▲convenient adj. 方便的，便利的，适合需要的
③It is convenient to sb. . 在某人方便的时候
Please come to see me when it is convenient to you. 当你方便的时候，请来看我。
④It is convenient for sb. to do sth.. 对某人来说，干某事是方便的。
It is convenient for you to go to town. 对你来说，进城是方便的。
典题赏析：
1) Our house is very _______ for the shops.
A. convenient B. suitable C. sufficient D. continuous
2) If it is quite _______ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. 【天津卷】
A. fair B. easy C. comfortable D. convenient
3) Would it be _______ for you to pick me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport? 【山东卷】
A. free B. vacant C. handy D. convenient
10. injure vt. 伤害，损害
①injure one’s pride 伤害某人的自尊
②injure one’s reputation 损害了某人的名誉
③injure an arm 伤了一只胳膊
▲injury n. 伤，伤口；伤害，损害 [c/u]
▲injured adj. 受伤的
④be injured 受伤
⑤the injured 伤者
⑥an injured look/expression 受伤的样子/表情
典题赏析：
1) The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _____ himself.
A. injure B. had injured C. injured D. would injure
2) It was really very dangerous; you ____ him seriously.
A. might have injured B. could injure C. should have injured D. must injure
3) Please don抰 say anything that might _______ her feelings.
A. hurt B. damage C. wound D. injure
4) So badly _______ in the accident that Smarton was delayed in the hospital for treatment.
A. did he injure B. he injured C. was he injured D. he was injured
11. as to/for 至于，关于
12. electric adj. 电的，导电的，带电的，电力的
an electric wire/light/motor/torch 电线/电灯/电动机/电筒
辨析：electrical，electric与electronic 的区别
1) electric adj. “电的，导电的，带电的，电力的”，指以电为动力进行工作的装置。
2) electrical adj. “电的，电气科学的，与电有关的”，指与电有关的东西或人。
electrical equipment 电器设备 electrical engineers 电器工程师 electrical engineering 电工学
3) electronic adj. “电子的，电子操纵的” an electronic mail 电子邮件 an electronic computer 电脑
▲electricity n. 电，电学 [u]
13. last but not least 最后但同样重要的
14. accuse vt. 控诉，控告；谴责
①accuse sb of (doing) sth 控告某人(干)某事
②be accused of 被控告犯有…罪
类似结构有：rob sb. of sth.; inform sb. of sth.; cure sb. of sth.; deprive sb. of sth.; convince sb. of sth.
辨析：accuse…of…与charge…with…的区别
1) accuse…of… 表示面对面的，比较直接、尖锐的指控或遣责，但指控对方的事不一定严重的，不一定诉诸法律。
I have been accused of many things in my life, but never of cowardice.
我一生中曾因许多事情受人谴责，但从来不是因为胆小怕事。
2) charge…with… 可以表示因小的过错而责备，但通常用来表示因较严重的错误或罪行而受控告，并被诉诸法律。
The police charged him with murder. 警察指控他谋杀。
典题赏析：
1) The soldier was _______ of running away when the enemy attacked.
A. scolded B. charged C. accused D. punished
2) The woman was _______ with having beaten her five-year-old son.
A. criticized B. accused C. blamed D. charged
15. function vi. 起作用，正常运转
n. 作用，功能；职能
①function as 起……作用，具有……功能
▲functional adj. 实用的；功能的，机能的
16. importance n. 重要性
▲important adj. 重要的
①be of (great) importance = be (very) important（很）重要的
类似的有：be of (great) use/interest/help/significance/value/difference/benefit
= be (very) useful/interested/helpful/significant/valuable/different/beneficial
（很）有用的/有趣的/有帮助的/重要的/有价值的/不同的/有益的
17. hire vt. 聘用，雇用；租用，租借 (反：fire)
n. 租用，雇用，租金 [u]
①hire out 出租
②hire oneself (out) to 受雇于
③on/for hire 供出租
They hired a big hall. 他们租了一间大厅。
We hired a driver to take us on a tour of the city. 我们雇用了一个司机带我们游览这个城市。
辨析：employ，hire与rent的区别
1) hire 可指雇人，也可指租用车船、服装等物，多指临时雇用。
2) employ 指雇用人，聘请人，带有长期性，只指人，不指物。
3) rent 指租用场地、房屋、土地等，既可是长期的，也可是临时的。只指物，不指人。
They hired a boat yesterday. 昨天他们雇了一条船。
We employ him as an adviser. 我们雇用他当顾问。
She rented me a room. 她为我租了一个房间。
18. escape vi. & vt. 逃跑，逃离，逃脱；避免，避开；被遗忘，被忽视
n. 逃离，逃脱
①escape (doing) sth. 逃脱（干）某事
②escape death 死里逃生
③escape from 从……逃脱
④make one’s escape 逃走
⑤a narrow escape 九死一生
You are lucky to escape punishment/being punished. 你逃过了惩罚，真幸运。
You shouldn’t escape doing the work. 你不应该逃避做这份工作。
The prisoner escaped from prison last night. 昨晚那名囚犯越狱了。
Her name escapes me. 我记不起她的名字了。
典题赏析：
1) Tom was lucky to _______ being punished, though he made such a big mistake.
A. engage B. entertain C. envy D. escape
2) —I was wondering whether perhaps you could remember the name of the place.
—I’m afraid that _______ me for the moment.
A. reminds B. puzzles C. disturbs D. escapes
3) Luckily, the little boy escaped _______ in the fighting in the street.
A. of being killed B. from being killed C. of killing D. being killed
4) In the end, the _______ prisoner was caught in the desert.
A. escape B. escaping C. escaped D. escapes
19. terror n. 惊恐，恐惧 [u]；引起恐怖的人或物 [c]
①in terror 惊恐，恐惧
②strike terror into one’s heart 使某人心惊胆战
▲terrorism n. 恐怖主义 [u]
▲terrorist n. 恐怖主义者；恐怖分子 [c]
▲terrorize vt. 恐吓，恫吓，威胁
20. worn adj. 破旧的；疲惫的 (more～; most～)
①worn out 破旧的；疲惫不堪，精疲力竭
21. mankind n. 人类 [u]
辨析：mankind，human being和man“人，人类”
1) man表示‘人类’时，用单数形式，其前不用限定词。
?Man can't live without water. 没有水，人类就不能活。
2) mankind为集体名词，谓语用单复数皆可。
All progressive mankind love(s) peace. 所有进步的人类热爱和平。
3) human being为可数名词，复数为human beings.? ?
Human beings will be punished by nature. 人类将受到自然的惩罚。
22. impression n. 印象，感想 [c]
①make/leave/create an impression on 给……留下印象
▲impress vt. 给……留下深刻印象；使钦佩，使感动；印，印上
②impress...on/upon... 把……印在……上
He impresses a design on cloth. 他把图案印在布上。
③impress sb. with sth. = impress sth. on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象；使某人牢记某事
The girl impresses her friends with her sense of humour.
The girl impresses her sense of humour on her friends. 这女孩的幽默感给她的朋友以深刻的印象。
④be impressed by/at/with 被……所感动；对……留下深刻印象
We are impressed by/at/with his words. 我们被他的话所感动。
⑤be impressed on one’s mind/memory 被印在某人脑海里
His words were deeply impressed on our mind/memory. 他的话被深深地印在我们脑海里。
▲impressive adj. 令人难忘的，给人深刻印象的
典题赏析：
1) That was the first time I had gone there and I was _______ by the friendly people very much.
A. delivered B. favored C. mixed D. impressed
2) Remember that it will make a good _______ on others if you are very polite to everyone there.
A. action B. effect C. impression D. expression
3) The professor’s lecture has left a deep ____ on me and up till now I can still remember every word of it.
A. effect B. impression C. influence D. benefit
二、重点句型：
1. Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma, but the user will also experience the cold, smells, sights and sounds of the surrounding environment. 使用者不但能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，而且还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音。
分析：not only…but also…意为“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列句子。当not only位于句首时，其引导的句子应使用部分倒装。（注：but also引导的分句不倒装，also有时可以省略。）
Not only does the sun give us light, but also it gives us heat.
太阳不但给我们光，而且还给我们热。
Not only can he speak English correctly, but also he can speak it fluently.
他不但能正确地讲英语，而且讲得还很流利。
Not only is this young man clever, but (also) he is hardworking.
这个年轻人不但聪明，而且还努力。
典题赏析：
1) The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only _______, but the students became more interested in the lessons. 【全国卷】
A. saved was teachers’ energy B. was teachers’ energy saved
C. teachers’ energy was saved D. was saved teachers’ energy
2. This kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical, compared with the way most urban planning is done today.
长远来说，与现在大多数城市规划方式相比，这种城市规划方式更经济、更实用。
分析：句中“in the long term”意为“就长期而言，就长远来说”。“compared with/to…”是过去分词短语，作状语，意为“和……相比较”。另：compare…with… “把……和……相比”；compare…to… “把……比作……”。
典题赏析：
1) _____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.
A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared
2) In the 16-29 age group, 32% of women smoke _____ 28% of men.
A. comparing to B. comparing with C. compared to D. compare with
3) _____ with people in the West, people in the East pay much attention to their families.
A. Comparing B. Compared C. Compare D. To compare
4) My foot is very big, so they often _____ it ______ a little boat.
A. compares; to B. compares; with C. compare; to D. compare; with
3. In my opinion, it is about time that we had new computers.
我认为，该是我们拥有新电脑的时候了。
分析：句中“it is about time that we had new computers”，是个固定的句型，其构成为：It is (about/high) time that…。意为“该干……；是干……的时候了”，从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should + v.，should不能省略。
It is about time that we went/should go home. 我们该回家了。
It is high time that he bought/should buy a new bike. 他该买新自行车了。
与time相关的句型：
①It is time for sth. 是……的时候了。
②It is time for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，是干某事的时候了。
③It/This/That is the first time that + s + have/has + P.P. 这是干……的第一次。
④It/This/That was the first time that + s + had + P.P. 这是干……的第一次。
典题赏析：
1) It is time that you _______ home and I’d rather you _______ again tomorrow.
A. would go; would come B. went; came C. go; are going D. are going; will come
2) It is high time that he _______ off.
A. is B. was C. were D. be
3) This is the second time we _______ a film in the cinema together as a family.
A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen
4) It is time that something _______ about the traffic problem downtown.
A. could be done B. must be done C. should be done D. need be done
参考答案：
一、重点单词与短语：
1. BB 3. ABC 5. AD 6. BAC 7. ADB 9. ADD 10. AADC 14. CD 18.DDDC 22. DCB
二、重点句型：
1. B 2. DCBC 3. BCDC
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