2021-2022学年上教版（2020）高中英语：必修一 Unit 2 Places 单元知识点讲解 学案（含答案）

2021-2022学年上教版（2020）高中英语：
必修一 Unit 2 Places 单元知识点讲解 学案
【词汇和短语】
词汇部分：
1. destination n.目的地
2. million num.一百万
3. amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的
4. historic adj.历史上重要的
5. site n.地点
6. former adj.以前的
7. poetry n.诗歌；诗作
8. basis n.基础；要素
9. court n.宫殿
10. originally adv.原先；起初
11. defence n.防御
12. nowadays adv.当前；目前
13. view n.景色，风景
14. memory n.回忆；记忆
15. contribute v.捐献
16. scientific adj.科学（上）的
17. admire v.钦佩
18. statue n.雕塑，雕像
19. fancy adj.昂贵的；奢华的
20. feature n.特色；特征；特点
. position n.地位
22. opportunity n.机会；时机
23. transport n.交通运输系统
24. disappoint v.使失望
25. structure n.结构；构造
26. sculpture n.雕像；雕塑品
27. weapon n.武器；兵器
28. crowded adj.人多的；拥挤的
29. indicate v.表明；显示
30. afterwards adv.以后；后来
31. downtown adv.在市中心，往市中心
32. moment n.某一时刻
33. envelope n.信封
34. cafe n.咖啡馆，小餐馆
35. vote v.投票
36. chat v.闲聊；聊天
37. nowhere adv.无处；哪里都不
38. embarrassed adj.窘迫的，尴尬的
39. shocked adj.震惊的
40. opinion n.意见；想法；看法
41. blog n.博客
42. settle v.定居
43. adventure n.冒险；冒险的经历
44. energetic adj.精力充沛的
45. origin n.起源；源头
46. desert n.沙漠
47. entrance n.入口
48. battle n.战役；战斗
短语部分：
49. altogether adv.总共，一共
50. belong to 属于某人；归某人所有
51. in case 以防；以防万一
52. in the distance 在远方
53. a variety of 各种各样的
54. prime minister 首相；总理
【重点单词】
1. historic adj.历史上重要的
We should take more care of our historic buildings.
我们应该更加爱护有历史意义的建筑。
【近义词辨析】
historical：
指历史上的或历史的，侧重在历史上出现过或与历史有关的；已经发生。
historic：
指历史上有名的，具有历史意义的或者可成为史料的；可以正在发生或将要发生。
2. poetry n. 诗歌；富有诗意的东西
I had little acquaintance with modern poetry.
我对现代诗所知甚少。
She gave a reading from her latest volume of poetry.
她朗诵了她最近出版的诗集里的一首诗。
【近义词辨析】
poetry 指诗的总称。
poem 通常指一首诗或诗体文。
a book of love poems.
一本爱情诗集。
poetry of the Tang Dynasty 唐诗（总称）
a poem of the Tang Dynasty 一首唐诗
3. originally adv.原先；起初
The plane has been kept in service far longer than originally intended.
这架飞机的服役时间已经远远超过了起初的预料。
【同根词拓展】
original adj. 起初的 ；新颖的，原创的，创新的
The original plan was to go by bus.
起初的计划是乘公交车去
It is one of the most original works of imagination in the language.
这是用这种语言创作的最具想像力的原创作品之一。
n. 原作品；原件
When you have filled in the questionnaire, copy it and send the original to your employer.
填好问卷调查表之后，复印并将原件交给你的雇主。
origin n. 起源; 起因
We have learnt many theories about the origin of life.
我们学习了很多有关生命起源的理论。
【词语辨析】
creative, original, imaginative
这组词都有“有创造力的”的意思，其区别是：
1）creative 侧重指具有把本来不存在的事物创造出来的能力。
2）original 强调具有与众不同，有独到之处的创造能力。
3）imaginative 指想象大异于现实，近乎或等于虚构。强调富有幻想能力。
4. contribute vt. 贡献，出力；投稿；捐献 vi. 贡献，出力；投稿；捐献
The three sons also contribute to the family business.
3个儿子也为家族企业做贡献。
I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.
我相信我们每一个人都能为世界的未来做出贡献。
Local businesses have agreed to contribute.
当地的公司已经同意捐助了。
【拓展】
1) contributor n. 捐助者
Candidates for Congress received 53 percent of their funds from individual contributors.
国会候选人接受的捐款中有53%来自个人捐助者。
2) contribute做动词也有另外一个义项，“是 (造成某情况) 的一个原因、导致”的意思。
The report says design faults in both the vessels contributed to the tragedy.
报道称两艘船在设计上的缺陷是造成悲剧的原因。
5. admire v . 钦佩，欣赏
I admired her when I first met her and I still think she's marvellous.
我第一次见到她时就钦佩她，而且我现在依然认为她很了不起。
He admired the way she had coped with life.
他钦佩她应对生活的方式。
We took time to stop and admire the view.
我们特意停下来欣赏风景。
【同义词组辨析】
honour, esteem, regard, admire, respect
这组词都有“尊重、钦佩”的意思，其区别是：
1）honour 侧重指对某人或某物表示极大的敬意。
2）esteem 除表示尊敬之外，还暗示由此而产生的称赞。例如：self-esteem 自尊
3）regard 最正式用词，中性，含义不很明确，一般需用修饰语加强或明确其意。
4）admire 侧重指对某人或某物的仰慕、钦佩，并含欣赏爱慕之情。
5）respect 指对人的行为、品德、才华或成就等的仰慕尊重。尤指对年长或地位高的人的尊敬。
6. feature （重点词汇，义项较多）
n. 特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目
vi. 起重要作用
vt. 特写；以…为特色；由…主演
1）n. 特点
Patriotic songs have long been a feature of Kuwaiti life.
爱国歌曲长期以来一直是科威特人生活的一个特点。
The spacious gardens are a special feature of this property.
宽敞的花园是这处房产的一大特色。
2）n. (报纸、杂志的) 特写; (广播、电视的) 特别节目
We are delighted to see the Sunday Times running a long feature on breast cancer.
我们高兴地看到《星期日泰晤士报》刊登了关于乳腺癌的一篇长长的特写。
3) n. 正片; 故事片
...the first feature-length cartoon, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.
…第一部故事片长度的卡通片《白雪公主和七个小矮人》。
4) n. (地理) 特征
...one of the area's oddest geographical features - an eight-mile bank of pebbles shelving abruptly into the sea.
…这个地区最奇怪的地理特征之一，一条8英里长的鹅卵石堤岸陡然倾斜伸到海里。
5) n. 容貌
His features seemed to change.
他的容貌似乎变了。
6) vt (电影等) 由…主演; (展览会等) 以…为重点
It's a great film and it features a Spanish actor who is going to be a world star within a year.
那是一部精彩的电影，它由一位西班牙演员主演，他一年之内就会成为国际明星。
The hour-long programme will be updated each week and feature highlights from recent games.
这个一小时的节目将每周更新，重点介绍近期比赛的精彩部分。
7) vi 担任主演; 是 (展览、杂志等) 的重要内容
Jon featured in one of the show's most thrilling episodes.
乔恩主演了该剧中最惊悚的几集之一。
7. transport vt. 运送; n. 交通运输系统
They are banned from launching any flights except to transport people.
他们被禁止飞行任何航班，运送人除外。
The missiles emerge from the underbelly of the transport plane.
导弹从运输机的腹部发出。
【拓展】
trans-做前缀时，表示从一点到另一点的移动，例如：
transplant vt 移植；
translate vt 翻译
transfer vt 转让，移交
transit vt 运送
transform vt 改变，转换，使…变形

8. indicate vt. 表明; 暗示; 象征; 代表; (仪器等) 指示
A survey of retired people has indicated that most are independent and enjoying life.
一项对退休人员的调查表明，他们中的大部分人生活自立而愉快。
Our vote today indicates a change in United States policy.
我们今天的投票表明了美国政策的变化。
Mr. Rivers has indicated that he may resign.
里弗斯先生已经暗示他可能要辞职。
Dreams can help indicate your true feelings.
梦能代表你的真实情感。
...an instrument used to indicate wind direction.
…一台用于指示风向的仪器。
indicator n. 指示器；显示器
9. embarrassed adj 尴尬的
He looked a bit embarrassed.
他看上去有点尴尬。
embarrass vt 使…尴尬，难堪
His clumsiness embarrassed him.
他的笨拙令他尴尬。
10. settle （重点词汇）
1） vt. 解决 (纠纷、问题等)
They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation.
他们同意尽量通过谈判解决他们之间的纠纷。
2) vt. 定居于; 使定居; 定居
Refugees settling in a new country suffer from a number of problems.
在一个新国家定居的难民们面临许多问题。
He visited Paris and eventually settled there.
他访问了巴黎并最终在那儿定居了。
3) vt. 安顿; 安坐
Albert settled himself on the sofa.
阿尔伯特在沙发安坐下来。
4） vt. 使沉降; 沉降
A black dust settled on the walls.
一团黑色粉尘落到了这些墙上。
11. origin 见originally 拓展
12. entrance n. 入口
Beside the entrance to the church, turn right.
在教堂入口边向右转。
【固定搭配】
entrance to sp.
the entrance to the supermarket 超市入口
【拓展】
exit n. 出口
【课堂练习】
I. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the box below. Change the form where necessary.
structure contribute downtown embarrassed fancy deserve
featured historic admire origin disappoint
1. I was really , but then I saw the funny side of it.
我确实感到尴尬，但接着我发现了事情好笑的一面。
2. Jon in one of the show's most thrilling episodes.
乔恩主演了该剧中最惊悚的几集之一。
3. What I is not what you have, but what you are.
我所羡慕的不是你所拥有的东西，而是你是什么。
4. On the social level, improvement in the quality of life can greatly to social harmony.
在社会层面，生活质量的提高非常有助于社会和谐。
5. The of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Qu Yuan.
龙舟节的起源是为了缅怀屈原的灵魂。
6. We are living in a great era.
我们正处在一个伟大的历史时代。
7. There is heavy traffic in the area tonight.
今夜闹市区交通繁忙。
8. The magazine was packaged in a plastic case with attractive graphics.
这本杂志装在一个带有漂亮图纹的别致塑料盒子里。
9. Her decision to cancel the concert is bound to her fans.
她决定取消这场音乐会，肯定会使她的歌迷失望。
10. Doctors study the of the human body.
医生研究人体构造。
1-5: embarrassed; featured; admire; contribute; origin
6-10: historic; downtown; fancy; disappoint; structure
【语法详解】
过去将来时讲解与练习
过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“would + 动词原形”或“was / were going to + 动词原形”来表达。
用 法
例 句
特别提示
表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
I didn’t know when he would go to the park.
He said that he would wait for me at the school gate.
此种情况常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。
用“was / were going to + 动词原形”，“was / were about to + 动词原形”表示将来的动作或状态。
She told me she was going to fly to Yunnan.
I was about to leave the house when the telephone rang.
和一般将来时一样，也可用相应的其他形式表示。
过去进行时态有时可用来表示过去将来。
He said the train was leaving at five the next morning.
He said he was coming to see me.
常见于come, go等瞬间动词。
过去将来时的基本特征，也就是我么年今天所谈到的“立足过去，着眼未来”。它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。
例如：Mary told me that she would go to Shanghai by plane.
玛丽告诉我说她将要坐飞机去上海。
基本构成：
A ) would + 动词原形
如：He asked me if I would stay here. 他问我是否要待在这儿。
B ) was / were going to + 动词原形
如：No one knew when he was going to finish his homework.
没有人知道他什么时候会完成作业。
C ) was/ were ( about ) to + 动词原形
如：He said that they were to leave at six. 他说他们将于6点动身。
She said that the meeting was about to begin. 她说会议就要开始了
D) come, go, arrive, leave, die 等瞬时动词，用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来。
如：She told us that she was leaving for Yunnan. 她告诉我们她将要去云南。
基本用法——
A ) 主句为过去时，宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情。
如：Nobody knew what would happen after a hundred years.
没有人知道一百年之后将会发生什么事。
We wanted to know whether she was going to speak at the meeting.
我们想知道她是否准备在会上发言。
B ) 在叙述过去的事情或事情发生的经过时，用过去将来时表示在当时看将来会发生的事。
如：It was a Sunday afternoon. A young woman named Maria had just left school. He was going to start to work the next week, so she decided to buy some new clothes and a new pair of shoes.
一个星期天的下午，一位名叫玛丽亚的年轻人刚离开学校。因为她准备下周开始工作，所以，决定买些新衣服和一双新鞋子。
C ) 过去将来时还可以用来表示非真实的动作或状态。
如：If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at Harvard University.
如果我有机会出国学习的话，我就会去哈佛大学。
I wish he would go with me to the cinema tonight.
今晚他能和我一起去看电影就好了。
【课堂练习】
I.?选择填空
1.?Li?Ming?said?he?_____happy?if?Brian _____to?China?next?month.?
A.?as;?come?B.?was;?would?come?C.?would?be;?came?D.?will?be;?come?
2.?Jenny?said?she?_____her?holiday?in?China.?
A.?spent? B.?would?spent ?C.?was?going?to?spent? D.?would?spend?
3.?—What?did?your?son?say?in?the?letter??
—He?told?me?that?he?______?the?Disney?World?the?next?day.?
A.?will?visit??????????B.?has?visited???? ???C.?is?going?to?visit??? D.?would?visit?
4.?I?hoped?Tina?______?to?my?birthday?party?on?time?the?next?Wednesday.?
A.?to?come?? B.?is?coming? C.?will?come?? D.?was?coming?
5.?Father?said?that?he?______?me?to?Beijing?the?next?year.?
A.?took??? B.?would?take? C.?takes??? D.?will?take?
6.?We?were?not?sure?whether?they?______?more?vegetables.?
A.?are?going?to?grow?? B.?were?going?to?grow? C.?will?grow??? ??D.?have?grown?
7.?She?______?to?work?when?the?telephone?rang.?
A.?is?going????? B.?will?go???? C.?was?about?to?go?? D.??is?to?go?
II.?用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.?Miss?Zhang?said?she?__________________(visit)?the?Great?Wall?next?summer.
2.?She?told?him?that?she?__________________(not?stay)?here?for?long.?
3.?I?wasn’t?sure?whether?Lucy______________________(come)?the?next?year.
4.?The?scientists?said?the?world’s?population?______________________?(slow)?down?in?future.
5.?She?said?the?bus?___________________________ (leave)?at?five?the?next?morning.
6.?I?wasn't?sure?whether?he?__________________________ (lend)?me?his?book?the?next?morning.?
7.?He?was?fifty-six.?In?two?years?he?___________________________(be)?fifty-eight.?
8.?Whenever?she?has?time,?she?__________________________(help)?them?in?their?work.?
Key:?
I.?1-7?CDDDB BC?
II.?1.?would?visit?2.?would?not?stay?3.?would?come?4.?would?slow?
5.?was?leaving? 6.?would?lend?7.?would?be?8.?would?help