2021-2022学年上教版（2020）高中英语：必修一 Unit 2 Places 同步资料含课文翻译 学案（含答案）
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2021-2022学年上教版（2020）高中英语：
必修一 Unit 2 Places 同步资料含课文翻译 学案
Objectives
A. Reading and interaction (建议2个课时)
·Describe a city using appropriate information and language
B. Grammar activity (建议2个课时)
·Use the future in the past correctly in the given context
C. Listening and speaking(建议1个课时)
·Tell a story about acts of kindness
D. Writing(建议1个课时)
·Write a travel blog using appropriate language and format
E. Cultural focus(建议2个课时)
·Explain the cultural meanings of place names
·Describe the natural resources in Nanning
A. Reading and interaction
Pre-reading activity
1. Before you read, think about the following questions.
(1)What are some must-see places around the world? Why do you think so?
(2)What can you see there?
(3)Were they important in history? Why?
2. Look at the photos on pages 24 and 25. What do you know about these places?
Where history comes alive
Xi’an, China
Xi’an is no doubt one of the most popular tourist destinations in China. Every year, millions of
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:08:00Z)]]]
数词复数＋of 表示模糊数字概念，该处直接翻译成数以百万计即可。
[[[---]]]
travelers visit the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shihuang about 42 kilometres from the city centre, which is one of the most amazing historic sites in the world.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:10:00Z)]]]
该处是定语从句修饰前面的the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shihuang，虽然未紧跟先行词，但它依然是限定性定从，和非限定性定从注意形式和从意义上综合区分。
[[[---]]]
参考译文：
西安无疑是中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。每年，数以百万计的游客参观距离市中心42公里处的秦始皇兵马俑，它是世界上最令人惊叹的历史遗迹之一。
As
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:13:00Z)]]]
as翻译成作为时是介词；此外它还可以做连词，引导时间、原因状语从句；as又可作为关系代词，在一些固定搭配中引导定从，例如as we all know
[[[---]]]
one of China’s great former capitals, Xi’an grew to be the largest city in the world during the Tang Dynasty, a golden age of art and poetry. Chang’an, as it was known at the time, was the starting point of the Silk Road, which connected
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:16:00Z)]]]
connect A to B 把A和B连接起来。
[[[---]]]
China to the world. It was here that Xuan Zang
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:22:00Z)]]]
玄奘（602年－664年），汉传佛教史上最伟大的译经师之一，中国佛教法相唯识宗创始人；俗姓陈，名袆，出生于洛阳偃师市，出家后遍访佛教名师。太宗贞观三年（公元629年），玄奘从京都长安出发，历经艰难抵达天竺。游学于天竺各地，贞观十九年（公元645年）回到长安，在大慈恩寺等寺院进行研究和翻译佛经直到圆寂。玄奘所译佛经，多用直译，笔法谨严，所撰有《大唐西域记》，为研究印度以及中亚等地古代历史地理之重要资料。玄奘的故事在民间广泛流传，例如《西游记》中心人物唐僧，即是以玄奘为原型。
[[[---]]]
set out on his famous travels, which became the basis of Journey to the West. Historic sites from that time include the two Wide Goose Pagodas and the remains of the Daming Palace, which was the centre of the Tang court.
参考译文：
作为中国伟大的前首都之一，西安在唐朝发展成为世界上最大的城市，唐朝是艺术和诗歌的黄金时代。当时的长安是连接中国与世界的丝绸之路的起点。正是在这里，玄奘开始了他著名的旅行，这也成为了《西游记》的基础。从那时起，包括两个宽鹅塔和大明宫遗址的历史遗迹，便是唐代宫廷的中心。
Today, Xi’an is a modern city, at the heart of China’s Belt and Road initiative, but its long history can be seen everywhere: it is one of the few cities in the world that still have city walls. The wall, almost 14 kilometres in length, was originally built for the purpose of defence, but nowadays, it’s a great way to experience Xi’an: from here,you can get an amazing view of the city.
参考译文：
今天，西安是一座现代城市，处于中国“一带一路”倡议的中心，但它的悠久历史随处可见:它是世界上少数几个仍保留着城墙的城市之一。城墙长约14公里，最初是为了防御而建造的，但现在，它是体验西安的一个好方法:从这里，你可以看到这个城市令人叹为观止的景色。
Florence, Italy
Florence, one of the famous historic cities in Italy,
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:33:00Z)]]]
插入语，也是同位语，解释说明弗洛伦萨，写作文时可以参考这种写法。
[[[---]]]
is the birthplace of many amazing ideas and discoveries!
Florence’s history is alive with the memory of a time when art, culture and science were being “reborn”.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:35:00Z)]]]
由关系副词when引导的定语从句。定语从句作为高中重要的语法知识，可以系统地给学生讲解，一劳永逸，因为它太常见了，每次碰到讲一点儿相关知识反倒容易混淆。第一单元亦有出现。
[[[---]]]
In the late 13th century, the Renaissance began here before spreading to the rest of Europe. At that time, Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo were some of the people living, working and studying in Florence. During this period, they, along with other great minds, contributed valuable artworks and made important scientific discoveries.
参考译文：
佛罗伦萨，意大利著名的历史名城之一，是许多惊人的想法和发现的诞生地!
佛罗伦萨的历史充满了对艺术、文化和科学“重生”时期的记忆。13世纪晚期，文艺复兴在蔓延到欧洲其他地区之前就在这里开始了。当时，米开朗基罗、达芬奇和伽利略就是在佛罗伦萨生活、工作和学习的一些人。在这一时期，他们和其他伟人一起贡献了有价值的艺术品，做出了科学上的重要发现。
Florence is filled with art, science and history museums and ancient buildings, as well as
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:38:00Z)]]]
and的升级版，写作文时可以参考该用法。
[[[---]]]
historic universities. You can visit many of these places to experience and admire the amazing work and discoveries that happened during the Renaissance period. An example is Michelangelo’s famous statue David, which he completed between 1501 and 1504
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:39:00Z)]]]
用逗号隔开的定语从句，该处逗号的作用是表示停顿和强调。
[[[---]]]
. Another must-see is the University of Florence. It was started in 13 and many famous people studied there in the Renaissance period, including Leonardo da Vinci.
In Florence today you can experience
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:40:00Z)]]]
experience是动词经历、体验的意思，亦可做名词，表示经历和经验，做“经验”时是不可数名词；常用的固定搭配是“be experienced in…”在某方面有经验。
[[[---]]]
the old and the new. Historic sites are neighbours with fancy restaurants and high-end shops. While
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:43:00Z)]]]
while此处引导时间状语从句，表示当…的时候，表示正在发生的动作；做连词时它还有其他义项：表让步以及对比，此时多不翻译出来。
[[[---]]]
you are trying the delicious local food, you can decide which interesting places to visit next.
参考译文：
佛罗伦萨到处都是艺术、科学和历史博物馆和古建筑，还有历史悠久的大学。你可以参观这些地方，体验和欣赏文艺复兴时期的惊人工作和发现。米开朗基罗著名的大卫雕像就是一个例子，这是他在1501年到1504年间完成的。另一个必去的地方是佛罗伦萨大学。它始建于13年，文艺复兴时期许多名人都在这里学习过，包括列奥纳多·达·芬奇。
在今天的佛罗伦萨，你可以体验旧与新。历史遗迹与高档餐厅和高档商店毗邻。当你在品尝美味的当地食物时，你可以决定参观下一个哪些有趣的地方。
Comprehension work
1. Read the passage and complete the information cards.
Xi’an, China
Importance
Main Features
·One of China’s great former capitals
·The Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shihuang
·
·
·
·
Florence, Italy
Importance
Main Features
·
·
·
·
·
·
2. Read the summary below and fill in each blank with a suitable word based on the language of the passage. You may change the form if necessary.
The passage introduces two important cities in the world, Xi’an in China and Florence in Italy.
Xi’an, an ancient capital of China, is now one of the most popular tourist
in China, and a modern city at the heart of China’s Belt and Road initiative. The
Terracotta Army of Qin Shihuang is the most famous in Xi’an. The old city wall used for can still be seen today.
Florence,Italy,is a city of particular importance it is alive with the of the Renaissance.Many famous people who worked and studied there to the development of art and made important scientific discoveries.The city is proud of its world-famous position in art and science,and its old universities,as well as many other historic sites.Today, restaurants and high-end shops add colour to the city.If you travel to Italy.Florence is a !
Deep reading
1.Study the quotes and discuss in pairs how the use of the expressions in bold helps the writer describe the place better.Then complete the table.You may use the example below to help you.
Xi’an grew to be the largest city in the world during the Tang Dynasty,a golden age of art and poetry.
You may ask and respond like this:
A:Do you know the meaning of this expression?
B:Which one?
A: “A golden age of art and poetry”.
B:It’s easy. “Golden age” means the period of time when something is at its best.So this phrase means art and poetry were at their best during the Tang Dynasty.
Sentences in the passage
My understanding
(1)Today,Xi’an is a modern city,at the heart of China’s Belt and Road initiative.
(2)Florence,one of the famous historic cities in Italy,is the birthplace of many amazing ideas and discoveries!
(3)Florence’s history is alive with the memory of a time when art,culture and science were being “reborn”.
(4)In Florence today you can experience the old and the new.
2.Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
(1)What possible learning opportunities would the two places offer to visitors like you and your classmates?
(2)What would you consider when you choose to visit a place?Why?
Mini-project
Introducing a city to foreign friends
Imagine that you are invited to be a local guide for a China-US exchange project.You are required to introduce some places to American students while arranging a tour for them.
·Discuss the questions in groups.
What places will you introduce?
What elements do you want to focus on (e.g. history,buildings,transport,food,etc.) in your description?Why?
·Create and practise your introduction within your group.
·Select one person to report on behalf of your group.
Hi,my friends.
Let me introduce Beijing to you.Beijing is our capital city.We can see the Palace Museum there.It was the place where the rulers of several dynasties lived.There are many ancient buildings and gardens.Also,the Summer Palace is a must-see in Beijing,we can also enjoy the famous Beijing opera and Xiangsheng,which are popular among the local people.What’s more,the food there won’t disappoint you.
Focus on language
1.Read the passage again.Find some language points in the passage and list them in the blanks.
(1)One of + plural noun structure for expressing that something or someone belongs to a certain group (e.g. one of the most popular tourist destinations).
(2)Proper nouns referring to people, places and other things (e.g. the Tang Dynasty).
1)people:
2)places:
3)other things:
2. Complete the passage with the correct form of the words below.
·amazing
·basis
·connect
·remains
·originally
·experience
·history
·defence
·contribute
·admire
The Terracotta Army
The 29th of March 1974 would go down in :on this day,a farmer named Yang Zhifa made one of the most discoveries of the 20th century.He was digging a well in the countryside outside Xi’an when he suddenly found something hard in the ground.It was a soldier from the Terracotta Army,and there would be many more.
There is now a museum where the sculpture were discovered.Visiting the site is a unique
:the many thousand mysterious soldiers stand there silently,looking at us.Are they guarding something?
The Terracotta soldiers attract millions of visitors every year,but they were created as a part of Qin Shihuang’s final resting place.Nearby are the of the Emperor’s tomb,which scientists will begin to explore sometime in the future.
Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452.When he was 15,his father sent him to study with an artist in Florence.He was a very talented student,and quickly found work as a painter.
During his lifetime,Leonardo da Vinci in many ways to art,science and engineering.Leonardo explored the mathematical of art and wrote a book about how artists should use size and perspective.He also made sculptures and drawings,and he even designed weapons for the of the city.
Leonardo remains one of the most people who have ever lived.Today,you can visit many place to Leonardo’s life and work in Florence,where you can learn more about this Renaissance master.
B. Grammar activity
1. When we travel around, we meet different people with different stories. Here is one such story. Read and find examples of future in the past. Then complete the grammar rules.
The kindness of strangers
It was Saturday, and Gina was excited. She usually met her friends at the weekend. However, today she would visit her aunt in Toronto
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:49:00Z)]]]
过去将来时表达1：would do
[[[---]]]
. She was about to go to the bus station
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:50:00Z)]]]
过去将来时表达2：be about to do
[[[---]]]
. This wasn’t her first bus trip on her own, but she still felt a bit nervous. The bus ride wouldn’t be short: it was going to take almost five hours.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:50:00Z)]]]
过去将来时表达3：was/were going to do.
[[[---]]]
Gina put some fruit and a sandwich in her bag, in case she got hungry.
It was nine o’clock when she arrived and the station was crowded. Long lines of people were waiting there. It took 45 minutes to buy a ticket. When she got own her bus, there was one seat left, next to a boy in a basketball shirt. He was talking on his mobile phone. The boy looked up when she sat down beside him. Gina smiled and she wanted to talk to him. However, the boy didn’t smile back. She was still watching him when he turned away and looked out of the dirty window. He didn’t want to talk. “What did I do? Was I impolite?” she wondered. Gina closed her eyes. She thought about her trip. She was going to spend a week at her aunt’s place. She couldn’t wait to arrive in Toronto! The bus started moving, and Gina quickly fell asleep.
When we are talking about future events, as seen from the past, we can use the structures
, and .
indicates that the action happened soon afterwards.
2. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
A few hours later, Gina (wake up).Outside there were empty streets and ugly houses, grey skies and rain. The bus (stop). “We must be in Toronto now,” Gina thought. She (meet) her aunt at 5:00 p.m. That meant she had time to check out some stores downtown.
The boy beside her (get up) to leave. “Where are we?” asked Gina, to make sure she (not get off) too early. “Hamilton,” said the boy.
Gina was surprised. “ we (not...go) through Toronto?” she asked.
“Yes, we did.” he replied. “We (leave) Toronto an hour ago and...” it left and called her aunt. No reply. She tried again, but her phone stopped working. Things got worse by the minute. Gina reached for her bag, but it was still on the bus. She looked down the road. The bus
(drive) away in the distance. She felt as if she would never find her way back. Gina almost started crying when she suddenly heard a voice behind her.
“Does this belong to you?” It was the boy in the basketball shirt and he had her bag. Gina
(remember) this moment for the rest of her life.
3. Work in groups. Think about the question: When you were a child, what did you think you would do in the future? Write your ideas in the blanks below. You may use the example below to help you.
When I was a child, I dreamt that I would become an envelope so that I could travel around the world.
(1)When I was a child, I though I when I grew up.
(2)When I was a child, I though I
(3)When I was a child,
Now ask the other group members about their childhood dreams. Find out if anyone still has the same dream and report your findings to the class.
·You may ask questions like this: When you were a child, what job did you think you would do as an adult? Do you still think so?
·You may respond like this: I thought I would become a policeman when I grew up, but now I want to become a teacher instead.
·You may report like this: Xiaoming has kept his childhood dream alive. As a child, he thought he would become a teacher, and he still wants to be one now.
D. Writing
Imagine that you have spent your summer vacation travelling around.You would like to write a travel blog to share you experiences on a website with your classmates.
1. You may prepare your writing by thinking about the questions.
(1)Which place(s) did you visit?
(2)What was special about it/them?
(3)What is your opinion about it/them?
2. Read the sample travel blog.Then complete the table on page 35 before you write.
Sarah’s travel blog
25 June
Last week I went to Queenstown in New Zealand.I travelled there by bus,through the mountains and past peaceful lakes.It was a long,tiring trip,but while I was travelling.I met a girl called Kate.We had a nice chat.She was from Queenstown and she was very helpful.She told me all about the place.
Queenstown is in a beautiful location.It’s next to Lake Wakatipu and it was originally a Maori settlement.Then in the 1860s there was a gold rush.That’s when the Europeans came and settled there.
While I was staying in Queenstown,I didn’t see any gold,but I did see a lot of adventure sports.Queenstown is famous for them.The weather was cold,but sunny and bright,so I tried snowboarding.I also went to a music festival.It was very busy,but I met a lot of friendly people.
As well as festivals and sports,I visited some lively markets and ate sat some popular restaurants.Queenstown was a fantastic and energetic place!
Aspects of writing
Guiding questions
My exploration
Content
When and where did the writer take this trip?
What did the writer see there?
What did the writer do there?
Language
What language does the writer use to describe what she saw there and how she felt?
What tense does the writer sue to describe her experience?
Editing
where does the writer put the date?
3.Now write your own travel blog.
E. Cultural focus
When we read about a famous city,we are often drawn to its unique history and culture,and want to travel there to experience a different way of life.
In this section,you will first read a passage about place names in Australia.You will then watch a video about the natural resources in Nanning,the capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
1.Read the short passage below and discuss the question.
How do you understand the sentence “For in naming we speak,don’t we?”
Naming is important in almost any culture.People name their children for a variety of reasons.They may want to express their hopes,dreams and what they believe in.Sometimes,this is done simply for the purpose of giving it a name.As Shakespeare wrote in Romeo and Juliet, “...that which we call a rose/By any other name would smell as sweet.”Like people,places or buildings are also named for many different reasons.In the words of Plato, “For in naming we speak,don’t we?”
2.Read the passage on pages 37 and 38 and complete the table below.Choose at least three places to illustrate the meanings behind or the origins of their names.Then present your ideas to the class.
Names of places
Meanings/Origins
Murwillumbah
good campsite
Nambucca
Bondi Beach
Uluru
Bougainville
Arnhem Land
Melbourne
Waterloo
What’s in a name?
Last year, as I was travelling through Australia,I often stopped at places with strange names:names like Murwillumbah and Waterloo.I often asked myself, “Where do all these names come from,and what can we learn from them?” Local people sometimes knew the answer and sometimes they didn’t,so I decided to look at these place names more closely and found out some interesting facts.
“Where are we?”That’s the question we all ask when we arrive in a new place.Think about it.How can we tell another person where we are?Many place names give us an idea because they describe physical features,like “big hill”, “dry desert”,or “tall tree”.Thousands of years ago,this is how the first Australians—the Aborigines—named places.Today,in Australia,there are thousands of places with Aboriginal names,towns like Murwillumbah (good campsite),Nambucca (entrance to the sea),Bondi Beach (from the word “Boondi”,the sound of water falling over rocks) and Uluru (big rock).
The Europeans had different ideas.When they first arrived in 1606,they wanted to make this strange new land feel like home.How did they do it?Well,they borrowed names from the country they came from—it showed that these places belonged to them.French and Dutch place names like Bougainville and American Land started to appear along the Australian coast.Then,in 1770,the English explorer Captain James Cook arrived in Botany Bay.Soon,there was Melbourne,a town named after a British Prime Minister,and Waterloo,named after a famous battle between England and France.
Altogether there are over 250,000 names in Australia:names of rivers,mountains,deserts,towns,cities and many more.These names can tell us what we can find there,they can tell us about history,then can warn us about danger or they can welcome us.Next time you travel to a new place,think about its name.What is it telling you?
3.Read the passage in exercises 1 and 2 again and choose the correct answers.
(1)According to Shakespeare, .
a.a rose should not be called any other name because it would not sound so sweet
b.a rose should be called a rose because the name sounds as sweet as a real rose
c.a rose can be called anything;the name itself is not important
d.a rose can be called anything as long as the name sounds as sweet as a rose
(2)According to Plato, .
a.naming is a part of communication in a strange place
b.we need names to communicate in speech,but not in writing
c.naming perhaps is one of the important features of human language
d.naming perhaps is one of the important cultural features in human lives
(3)People name places for many reasons.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage in exercise 2?
a.A famous event.
b.Famous people.
c.Features of land.
d.Trading between settlers.
4.Work in groups and discuss the question.
What place names do you know that have special meanings in them?
Video Nanning:a city in southern China
Start thinking
1.Answer the questions.
(1)Which cities have been centres of trade in southern China?Name some.
(2)Which city would you like to travel to?Why?
Comprehension check
2.Watch the video.Correct the factual errors in the sentences.
(1)Nanning played host to the China-ASEAN Expo before 2004.
(2)Nanning is regarded as the greenest city in China.
(3)The villages are reinventing themselves as hotbeds of urban tourism.
(4)Efforts are being made to explore the virgin forest which is filled with wildlife.
(5)Despite their enormous scale and the difficulty of access, many of the vast underground networks have been mapped.
Vocabulary
3. Complete the sentences with the words.
·lie
·host
·celebrate
·contain
·explore
·remain
(1)It is important that organizations encourage their staff to try new ideas and new methods.
(2)The secret of the village’s success may in the fact that they are willing to experiment.
(3)Since 2018 Shanghai has played to the annual China International Import Expo.
(4)He returns home each year to the Spring Festival with his parents.
(5)Let me just say that we optimistic that we can solve this problem.
(6)Her essay is quite good, except that it one or two errors.
Extension
4. Imagine you are choosing a city to host the next World Expo. Work in groups. Decide on the city and give your reasons.
(1)Make a list of three to five cities that you think could host the next World Expo.
(2)Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each city and make a decision.
(3)Draw a picture of the city.Write some captions to introduce it.
(4)Present your choice to the class.
必修一 Unit 2 Places 同步资料含课文翻译 学案
Objectives
A. Reading and interaction (建议2个课时)
·Describe a city using appropriate information and language
B. Grammar activity (建议2个课时)
·Use the future in the past correctly in the given context
C. Listening and speaking(建议1个课时)
·Tell a story about acts of kindness
D. Writing(建议1个课时)
·Write a travel blog using appropriate language and format
E. Cultural focus(建议2个课时)
·Explain the cultural meanings of place names
·Describe the natural resources in Nanning
A. Reading and interaction
Pre-reading activity
1. Before you read, think about the following questions.
(1)What are some must-see places around the world? Why do you think so?
(2)What can you see there?
(3)Were they important in history? Why?
2. Look at the photos on pages 24 and 25. What do you know about these places?
Where history comes alive
Xi’an, China
Xi’an is no doubt one of the most popular tourist destinations in China. Every year, millions of
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:08:00Z)]]]
数词复数＋of 表示模糊数字概念，该处直接翻译成数以百万计即可。
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travelers visit the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shihuang about 42 kilometres from the city centre, which is one of the most amazing historic sites in the world.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:10:00Z)]]]
该处是定语从句修饰前面的the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shihuang，虽然未紧跟先行词，但它依然是限定性定从，和非限定性定从注意形式和从意义上综合区分。
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参考译文：
西安无疑是中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。每年，数以百万计的游客参观距离市中心42公里处的秦始皇兵马俑，它是世界上最令人惊叹的历史遗迹之一。
As
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:13:00Z)]]]
as翻译成作为时是介词；此外它还可以做连词，引导时间、原因状语从句；as又可作为关系代词，在一些固定搭配中引导定从，例如as we all know
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one of China’s great former capitals, Xi’an grew to be the largest city in the world during the Tang Dynasty, a golden age of art and poetry. Chang’an, as it was known at the time, was the starting point of the Silk Road, which connected
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:16:00Z)]]]
connect A to B 把A和B连接起来。
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China to the world. It was here that Xuan Zang
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:22:00Z)]]]
玄奘（602年－664年），汉传佛教史上最伟大的译经师之一，中国佛教法相唯识宗创始人；俗姓陈，名袆，出生于洛阳偃师市，出家后遍访佛教名师。太宗贞观三年（公元629年），玄奘从京都长安出发，历经艰难抵达天竺。游学于天竺各地，贞观十九年（公元645年）回到长安，在大慈恩寺等寺院进行研究和翻译佛经直到圆寂。玄奘所译佛经，多用直译，笔法谨严，所撰有《大唐西域记》，为研究印度以及中亚等地古代历史地理之重要资料。玄奘的故事在民间广泛流传，例如《西游记》中心人物唐僧，即是以玄奘为原型。
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set out on his famous travels, which became the basis of Journey to the West. Historic sites from that time include the two Wide Goose Pagodas and the remains of the Daming Palace, which was the centre of the Tang court.
参考译文：
作为中国伟大的前首都之一，西安在唐朝发展成为世界上最大的城市，唐朝是艺术和诗歌的黄金时代。当时的长安是连接中国与世界的丝绸之路的起点。正是在这里，玄奘开始了他著名的旅行，这也成为了《西游记》的基础。从那时起，包括两个宽鹅塔和大明宫遗址的历史遗迹，便是唐代宫廷的中心。
Today, Xi’an is a modern city, at the heart of China’s Belt and Road initiative, but its long history can be seen everywhere: it is one of the few cities in the world that still have city walls. The wall, almost 14 kilometres in length, was originally built for the purpose of defence, but nowadays, it’s a great way to experience Xi’an: from here,you can get an amazing view of the city.
参考译文：
今天，西安是一座现代城市，处于中国“一带一路”倡议的中心，但它的悠久历史随处可见:它是世界上少数几个仍保留着城墙的城市之一。城墙长约14公里，最初是为了防御而建造的，但现在，它是体验西安的一个好方法:从这里，你可以看到这个城市令人叹为观止的景色。
Florence, Italy
Florence, one of the famous historic cities in Italy,
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:33:00Z)]]]
插入语，也是同位语，解释说明弗洛伦萨，写作文时可以参考这种写法。
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is the birthplace of many amazing ideas and discoveries!
Florence’s history is alive with the memory of a time when art, culture and science were being “reborn”.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:35:00Z)]]]
由关系副词when引导的定语从句。定语从句作为高中重要的语法知识，可以系统地给学生讲解，一劳永逸，因为它太常见了，每次碰到讲一点儿相关知识反倒容易混淆。第一单元亦有出现。
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In the late 13th century, the Renaissance began here before spreading to the rest of Europe. At that time, Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo were some of the people living, working and studying in Florence. During this period, they, along with other great minds, contributed valuable artworks and made important scientific discoveries.
参考译文：
佛罗伦萨，意大利著名的历史名城之一，是许多惊人的想法和发现的诞生地!
佛罗伦萨的历史充满了对艺术、文化和科学“重生”时期的记忆。13世纪晚期，文艺复兴在蔓延到欧洲其他地区之前就在这里开始了。当时，米开朗基罗、达芬奇和伽利略就是在佛罗伦萨生活、工作和学习的一些人。在这一时期，他们和其他伟人一起贡献了有价值的艺术品，做出了科学上的重要发现。
Florence is filled with art, science and history museums and ancient buildings, as well as
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:38:00Z)]]]
and的升级版，写作文时可以参考该用法。
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historic universities. You can visit many of these places to experience and admire the amazing work and discoveries that happened during the Renaissance period. An example is Michelangelo’s famous statue David, which he completed between 1501 and 1504
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:39:00Z)]]]
用逗号隔开的定语从句，该处逗号的作用是表示停顿和强调。
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. Another must-see is the University of Florence. It was started in 13 and many famous people studied there in the Renaissance period, including Leonardo da Vinci.
In Florence today you can experience
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:40:00Z)]]]
experience是动词经历、体验的意思，亦可做名词，表示经历和经验，做“经验”时是不可数名词；常用的固定搭配是“be experienced in…”在某方面有经验。
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the old and the new. Historic sites are neighbours with fancy restaurants and high-end shops. While
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:43:00Z)]]]
while此处引导时间状语从句，表示当…的时候，表示正在发生的动作；做连词时它还有其他义项：表让步以及对比，此时多不翻译出来。
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you are trying the delicious local food, you can decide which interesting places to visit next.
参考译文：
佛罗伦萨到处都是艺术、科学和历史博物馆和古建筑，还有历史悠久的大学。你可以参观这些地方，体验和欣赏文艺复兴时期的惊人工作和发现。米开朗基罗著名的大卫雕像就是一个例子，这是他在1501年到1504年间完成的。另一个必去的地方是佛罗伦萨大学。它始建于13年，文艺复兴时期许多名人都在这里学习过，包括列奥纳多·达·芬奇。
在今天的佛罗伦萨，你可以体验旧与新。历史遗迹与高档餐厅和高档商店毗邻。当你在品尝美味的当地食物时，你可以决定参观下一个哪些有趣的地方。
Comprehension work
1. Read the passage and complete the information cards.
Xi’an, China
Importance
Main Features
·One of China’s great former capitals
·The Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shihuang
·
·
·
·
Florence, Italy
Importance
Main Features
·
·
·
·
·
·
2. Read the summary below and fill in each blank with a suitable word based on the language of the passage. You may change the form if necessary.
The passage introduces two important cities in the world, Xi’an in China and Florence in Italy.
Xi’an, an ancient capital of China, is now one of the most popular tourist
in China, and a modern city at the heart of China’s Belt and Road initiative. The
Terracotta Army of Qin Shihuang is the most famous in Xi’an. The old city wall used for can still be seen today.
Florence,Italy,is a city of particular importance it is alive with the of the Renaissance.Many famous people who worked and studied there to the development of art and made important scientific discoveries.The city is proud of its world-famous position in art and science,and its old universities,as well as many other historic sites.Today, restaurants and high-end shops add colour to the city.If you travel to Italy.Florence is a !
Deep reading
1.Study the quotes and discuss in pairs how the use of the expressions in bold helps the writer describe the place better.Then complete the table.You may use the example below to help you.
Xi’an grew to be the largest city in the world during the Tang Dynasty,a golden age of art and poetry.
You may ask and respond like this:
A:Do you know the meaning of this expression?
B:Which one?
A: “A golden age of art and poetry”.
B:It’s easy. “Golden age” means the period of time when something is at its best.So this phrase means art and poetry were at their best during the Tang Dynasty.
Sentences in the passage
My understanding
(1)Today,Xi’an is a modern city,at the heart of China’s Belt and Road initiative.
(2)Florence,one of the famous historic cities in Italy,is the birthplace of many amazing ideas and discoveries!
(3)Florence’s history is alive with the memory of a time when art,culture and science were being “reborn”.
(4)In Florence today you can experience the old and the new.
2.Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
(1)What possible learning opportunities would the two places offer to visitors like you and your classmates?
(2)What would you consider when you choose to visit a place?Why?
Mini-project
Introducing a city to foreign friends
Imagine that you are invited to be a local guide for a China-US exchange project.You are required to introduce some places to American students while arranging a tour for them.
·Discuss the questions in groups.
What places will you introduce?
What elements do you want to focus on (e.g. history,buildings,transport,food,etc.) in your description?Why?
·Create and practise your introduction within your group.
·Select one person to report on behalf of your group.
Hi,my friends.
Let me introduce Beijing to you.Beijing is our capital city.We can see the Palace Museum there.It was the place where the rulers of several dynasties lived.There are many ancient buildings and gardens.Also,the Summer Palace is a must-see in Beijing,we can also enjoy the famous Beijing opera and Xiangsheng,which are popular among the local people.What’s more,the food there won’t disappoint you.
Focus on language
1.Read the passage again.Find some language points in the passage and list them in the blanks.
(1)One of + plural noun structure for expressing that something or someone belongs to a certain group (e.g. one of the most popular tourist destinations).
(2)Proper nouns referring to people, places and other things (e.g. the Tang Dynasty).
1)people:
2)places:
3)other things:
2. Complete the passage with the correct form of the words below.
·amazing
·basis
·connect
·remains
·originally
·experience
·history
·defence
·contribute
·admire
The Terracotta Army
The 29th of March 1974 would go down in :on this day,a farmer named Yang Zhifa made one of the most discoveries of the 20th century.He was digging a well in the countryside outside Xi’an when he suddenly found something hard in the ground.It was a soldier from the Terracotta Army,and there would be many more.
There is now a museum where the sculpture were discovered.Visiting the site is a unique
:the many thousand mysterious soldiers stand there silently,looking at us.Are they guarding something?
The Terracotta soldiers attract millions of visitors every year,but they were created as a part of Qin Shihuang’s final resting place.Nearby are the of the Emperor’s tomb,which scientists will begin to explore sometime in the future.
Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452.When he was 15,his father sent him to study with an artist in Florence.He was a very talented student,and quickly found work as a painter.
During his lifetime,Leonardo da Vinci in many ways to art,science and engineering.Leonardo explored the mathematical of art and wrote a book about how artists should use size and perspective.He also made sculptures and drawings,and he even designed weapons for the of the city.
Leonardo remains one of the most people who have ever lived.Today,you can visit many place to Leonardo’s life and work in Florence,where you can learn more about this Renaissance master.
B. Grammar activity
1. When we travel around, we meet different people with different stories. Here is one such story. Read and find examples of future in the past. Then complete the grammar rules.
The kindness of strangers
It was Saturday, and Gina was excited. She usually met her friends at the weekend. However, today she would visit her aunt in Toronto
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:49:00Z)]]]
过去将来时表达1：would do
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. She was about to go to the bus station
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:50:00Z)]]]
过去将来时表达2：be about to do
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. This wasn’t her first bus trip on her own, but she still felt a bit nervous. The bus ride wouldn’t be short: it was going to take almost five hours.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T05:50:00Z)]]]
过去将来时表达3：was/were going to do.
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Gina put some fruit and a sandwich in her bag, in case she got hungry.
It was nine o’clock when she arrived and the station was crowded. Long lines of people were waiting there. It took 45 minutes to buy a ticket. When she got own her bus, there was one seat left, next to a boy in a basketball shirt. He was talking on his mobile phone. The boy looked up when she sat down beside him. Gina smiled and she wanted to talk to him. However, the boy didn’t smile back. She was still watching him when he turned away and looked out of the dirty window. He didn’t want to talk. “What did I do? Was I impolite?” she wondered. Gina closed her eyes. She thought about her trip. She was going to spend a week at her aunt’s place. She couldn’t wait to arrive in Toronto! The bus started moving, and Gina quickly fell asleep.
When we are talking about future events, as seen from the past, we can use the structures
, and .
indicates that the action happened soon afterwards.
2. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
A few hours later, Gina (wake up).Outside there were empty streets and ugly houses, grey skies and rain. The bus (stop). “We must be in Toronto now,” Gina thought. She (meet) her aunt at 5:00 p.m. That meant she had time to check out some stores downtown.
The boy beside her (get up) to leave. “Where are we?” asked Gina, to make sure she (not get off) too early. “Hamilton,” said the boy.
Gina was surprised. “ we (not...go) through Toronto?” she asked.
“Yes, we did.” he replied. “We (leave) Toronto an hour ago and...” it left and called her aunt. No reply. She tried again, but her phone stopped working. Things got worse by the minute. Gina reached for her bag, but it was still on the bus. She looked down the road. The bus
(drive) away in the distance. She felt as if she would never find her way back. Gina almost started crying when she suddenly heard a voice behind her.
“Does this belong to you?” It was the boy in the basketball shirt and he had her bag. Gina
(remember) this moment for the rest of her life.
3. Work in groups. Think about the question: When you were a child, what did you think you would do in the future? Write your ideas in the blanks below. You may use the example below to help you.
When I was a child, I dreamt that I would become an envelope so that I could travel around the world.
(1)When I was a child, I though I when I grew up.
(2)When I was a child, I though I
(3)When I was a child,
Now ask the other group members about their childhood dreams. Find out if anyone still has the same dream and report your findings to the class.
·You may ask questions like this: When you were a child, what job did you think you would do as an adult? Do you still think so?
·You may respond like this: I thought I would become a policeman when I grew up, but now I want to become a teacher instead.
·You may report like this: Xiaoming has kept his childhood dream alive. As a child, he thought he would become a teacher, and he still wants to be one now.
D. Writing
Imagine that you have spent your summer vacation travelling around.You would like to write a travel blog to share you experiences on a website with your classmates.
1. You may prepare your writing by thinking about the questions.
(1)Which place(s) did you visit?
(2)What was special about it/them?
(3)What is your opinion about it/them?
2. Read the sample travel blog.Then complete the table on page 35 before you write.
Sarah’s travel blog
25 June
Last week I went to Queenstown in New Zealand.I travelled there by bus,through the mountains and past peaceful lakes.It was a long,tiring trip,but while I was travelling.I met a girl called Kate.We had a nice chat.She was from Queenstown and she was very helpful.She told me all about the place.
Queenstown is in a beautiful location.It’s next to Lake Wakatipu and it was originally a Maori settlement.Then in the 1860s there was a gold rush.That’s when the Europeans came and settled there.
While I was staying in Queenstown,I didn’t see any gold,but I did see a lot of adventure sports.Queenstown is famous for them.The weather was cold,but sunny and bright,so I tried snowboarding.I also went to a music festival.It was very busy,but I met a lot of friendly people.
As well as festivals and sports,I visited some lively markets and ate sat some popular restaurants.Queenstown was a fantastic and energetic place!
Aspects of writing
Guiding questions
My exploration
Content
When and where did the writer take this trip?
What did the writer see there?
What did the writer do there?
Language
What language does the writer use to describe what she saw there and how she felt?
What tense does the writer sue to describe her experience?
Editing
where does the writer put the date?
3.Now write your own travel blog.
E. Cultural focus
When we read about a famous city,we are often drawn to its unique history and culture,and want to travel there to experience a different way of life.
In this section,you will first read a passage about place names in Australia.You will then watch a video about the natural resources in Nanning,the capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
1.Read the short passage below and discuss the question.
How do you understand the sentence “For in naming we speak,don’t we?”
Naming is important in almost any culture.People name their children for a variety of reasons.They may want to express their hopes,dreams and what they believe in.Sometimes,this is done simply for the purpose of giving it a name.As Shakespeare wrote in Romeo and Juliet, “...that which we call a rose/By any other name would smell as sweet.”Like people,places or buildings are also named for many different reasons.In the words of Plato, “For in naming we speak,don’t we?”
2.Read the passage on pages 37 and 38 and complete the table below.Choose at least three places to illustrate the meanings behind or the origins of their names.Then present your ideas to the class.
Names of places
Meanings/Origins
Murwillumbah
good campsite
Nambucca
Bondi Beach
Uluru
Bougainville
Arnhem Land
Melbourne
Waterloo
What’s in a name?
Last year, as I was travelling through Australia,I often stopped at places with strange names:names like Murwillumbah and Waterloo.I often asked myself, “Where do all these names come from,and what can we learn from them?” Local people sometimes knew the answer and sometimes they didn’t,so I decided to look at these place names more closely and found out some interesting facts.
“Where are we?”That’s the question we all ask when we arrive in a new place.Think about it.How can we tell another person where we are?Many place names give us an idea because they describe physical features,like “big hill”, “dry desert”,or “tall tree”.Thousands of years ago,this is how the first Australians—the Aborigines—named places.Today,in Australia,there are thousands of places with Aboriginal names,towns like Murwillumbah (good campsite),Nambucca (entrance to the sea),Bondi Beach (from the word “Boondi”,the sound of water falling over rocks) and Uluru (big rock).
The Europeans had different ideas.When they first arrived in 1606,they wanted to make this strange new land feel like home.How did they do it?Well,they borrowed names from the country they came from—it showed that these places belonged to them.French and Dutch place names like Bougainville and American Land started to appear along the Australian coast.Then,in 1770,the English explorer Captain James Cook arrived in Botany Bay.Soon,there was Melbourne,a town named after a British Prime Minister,and Waterloo,named after a famous battle between England and France.
Altogether there are over 250,000 names in Australia:names of rivers,mountains,deserts,towns,cities and many more.These names can tell us what we can find there,they can tell us about history,then can warn us about danger or they can welcome us.Next time you travel to a new place,think about its name.What is it telling you?
3.Read the passage in exercises 1 and 2 again and choose the correct answers.
(1)According to Shakespeare, .
a.a rose should not be called any other name because it would not sound so sweet
b.a rose should be called a rose because the name sounds as sweet as a real rose
c.a rose can be called anything;the name itself is not important
d.a rose can be called anything as long as the name sounds as sweet as a rose
(2)According to Plato, .
a.naming is a part of communication in a strange place
b.we need names to communicate in speech,but not in writing
c.naming perhaps is one of the important features of human language
d.naming perhaps is one of the important cultural features in human lives
(3)People name places for many reasons.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage in exercise 2?
a.A famous event.
b.Famous people.
c.Features of land.
d.Trading between settlers.
4.Work in groups and discuss the question.
What place names do you know that have special meanings in them?
Video Nanning:a city in southern China
Start thinking
1.Answer the questions.
(1)Which cities have been centres of trade in southern China?Name some.
(2)Which city would you like to travel to?Why?
Comprehension check
2.Watch the video.Correct the factual errors in the sentences.
(1)Nanning played host to the China-ASEAN Expo before 2004.
(2)Nanning is regarded as the greenest city in China.
(3)The villages are reinventing themselves as hotbeds of urban tourism.
(4)Efforts are being made to explore the virgin forest which is filled with wildlife.
(5)Despite their enormous scale and the difficulty of access, many of the vast underground networks have been mapped.
Vocabulary
3. Complete the sentences with the words.
·lie
·host
·celebrate
·contain
·explore
·remain
(1)It is important that organizations encourage their staff to try new ideas and new methods.
(2)The secret of the village’s success may in the fact that they are willing to experiment.
(3)Since 2018 Shanghai has played to the annual China International Import Expo.
(4)He returns home each year to the Spring Festival with his parents.
(5)Let me just say that we optimistic that we can solve this problem.
(6)Her essay is quite good, except that it one or two errors.
Extension
4. Imagine you are choosing a city to host the next World Expo. Work in groups. Decide on the city and give your reasons.
(1)Make a list of three to five cities that you think could host the next World Expo.
(2)Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each city and make a decision.
(3)Draw a picture of the city.Write some captions to introduce it.
(4)Present your choice to the class.
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