2021-2022学年上教版（2020）高中英语：必修一 Unit 4 My space.同步资料含课文翻译 学案（无答案）
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| 名称 | 2021-2022学年上教版（2020）高中英语：必修一 Unit 4 My space.同步资料含课文翻译 学案（无答案） |  | |
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2021-2022学年上教版（2020）高中英语：
必修一 Unit 4 My space.同步资料含课文翻译 学案
Objectives
A. Reading and interaction （2个课时）
·Explain the differences in life between past and present as in the reading passage
B. Grammar activity（2个课时）
·Use the structure of relative clauses with when, where and why correctly in the given context
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:12:00Z)]]]
本单元语法是由关系副词所引导的定语从句。在上一单元讲解关系代词引导的定语从句中，我们对引导词的作用已经有了初步认识：1.引导定语从句，2.代替先行词在定语从句中充当某个成分。本单元的where、when、why分别引导地点时间和原因状语从句。对一些抽象地点名词后跟where是易考点也是难点。
[[[---]]]
C. Listening and speaking（1个课时）
·Make a list of house rules and provide reasons for these rules
D. Writing（1个课时）
·Write a description of a room using appropriate language and format
E. Cultural focus（2个课时）
·Understanding the historic value of Highclere Castle
·Explain the changes of pastimes in the UK
A. Reading and interaction
Pre-reading activity
1. Look at the photo of a kitchen in a 1940s house in the UK and tick the things you think the average family might have owned at that time. Imagine how their lives were different from ours today.
（）central heating
（）a DVD player
（）a fridge
（）a microwave
（）a radio
（）an oven
（）a computer
（）a washing machine
（）a dishwasher
（）a phone
（）a television
2. Look at the things in exercise 1 again. Rank them according to how much they contribute to an easy or a comfortable life. Explain your reasons.
The 1940 house
“There were many times when I thought
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:23:00Z)]]]
when引导的定语从句修饰many times.
[[[---]]]
,” I can’t do this. I am a 21st century woman. I don’t work eighteen-hour days’. But then I’d stop and say, ‘Hang on. In the 1940s, women didn’t say they couldn’t do it. They just got on with
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:25:00Z)]]]
get on with… 继续干。
此外还有以下义项
在……获得成功；
与……友好相处。
[[[---]]]
it. ’”These are the words of 50-year-old Lyn Hymers, who took part in an experiment called The 1940s House. The purpose of the experiment was to see if a modern-day family would be capable of
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:27:00Z)]]]
can的升级版，写作时可以参照。
[[[---]]]
surviving in the 1940s.
参考译文：
有很多次我想，“我做不到。”我是一个21世纪的女人。我不是每天工作18个小时。但我会停下来说，‘等等。在20世纪40年代，女性并没有说她们不能这样做。他们就这么干了。这是50岁的琳恩·海莫斯说的话，她参加了一项名为“1940年代的房子”的实验。实验的目的是看一个现代家庭是否有能力在20世纪40年代生存下来。
In March, Lyn, her husband Michael, her daughter and two grandsons arrived at a three-bedroomed house in south London. Unfortunately, when they opened the door, all 21st century labour-saving
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:50:00Z)]]]
合成形容词，省力的
[[[---]]]
devices immediately disappeared. There was no central heating or fridge in the house, but luckily they had a coal fire to keep them warm.
参考译文：
今年3月，琳恩和她的丈夫迈克尔、女儿以及两个外孙来到伦敦南部一所有三间卧室的房子里。不幸的是，当他们打开大门时，所有21世纪的省力设备立刻消失了。房子里没有中央暖气或冰箱，但幸运的是，他们有一堆煤火来取暖。
But food and warmth were not as important as safety—their first task was to quickly dig a hole in the garden.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:42:00Z)]]]
不定式做表语，表示即将去做
[[[---]]]
The family needed to have a place to take cover: World War II started in 1939, and German planes were regularly dropping bombs
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:43:00Z)]]]
丢炸弹。drop此处做及物动词 丢、扔的意思。
[[[---]]]
over London. Although the war wasn’t real for the Hymers, they spent a lot of time down in the hole. They wanted the experiment to seem as real as possible.
参考译文：
但是食物和温暖并不像安全那么重要——他们的第一个任务是在花园里迅速挖一个洞。这个家庭需要一个隐蔽的地方:1939年第二次世界大战开始了，德国飞机经常在伦敦上空投下炸弹。虽然战争对Hymers来说并不真实，但他们在洞里呆了很长时间。他们希望这个实验看起来尽可能真实。
The war wasn’t real, but the difficulties of everyday life were
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:51:00Z)]]]
后面省略了real。在上下文两个句子中，后面的宾语或表语，如果和上文一致，为了避免重复，一般可省略。例如：
Tom doesn’t like football, but I like.
[[[---]]]
. In the 1940s, there was rationing
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:45:00Z)]]]
ration v. 配给；定量供应；限定……的量
n. 定量；口粮；配给量；正常量；一定数量；应得份额
[[[---]]]
of goods such as food and petrol. There wasn’t much meat or milk, or many eggs, and the food was really boring. As a result, the family were often hungry, especially the children. Before the experiment, the children often had snacks, but now they ate dry sandwiches for lunch.
参考译文：
战争是不真实的，但日常生活的困难是真实的。20世纪40年代，食品和汽油等商品实行定量配给。没有多少肉和牛奶，也没有很多鸡蛋，而且食物真的很无聊。结果，家里经常挨饿，尤其是孩子们。实验前，孩子们经常吃零食，但现在他们午餐吃干三明治。
Domestic chores were a challenge too. In the 1940s, these chores were like a full-time job. While Michael went out to work, Lyn and her daughter spent most of their time preparing meals, doing the dishes and cleaning the floor. Things that Lyn did easily before
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:47:00Z)]]]
thing做先行词时，定语从句一般用that引导。
[[[---]]]
, now became terribly difficult. She missed her washing machine most of all. “We had to boil the clothes and when the weather wasn’t good, it was impossible to dry anything,” said Lyn.
参考译文：
家务琐事也是个挑战。在20世纪40年代，这些家务就像是一份全职工作。当迈克尔出去工作时，琳恩和她的女儿大部分时间都在做饭、洗碗和擦地板。以前琳很容易做到的事情，现在变得异常困难。她最想念她的洗衣机。林恩说:“我们不得不把衣服煮了，天气不好的时候，什么都不可能烘干。”
Today, Lyn is back in her modern, open-plan home, but surprisingly, she misses the 1940s house. The family grew
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:54:00Z)]]]
grow是表示变化的系动词
[[[---]]]
closer, she feels, because they helpfully shared the hard work. In the evenings they played board games with the children, read books or just talked. Life in the 1940s wasn’t easy, but an easier and more comfortable life doesn’t necessarily mean a better life. “I would happily go back there,” she says, “I loved that house where we all laughed and cried together as a family.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:48:00Z)]]]
where引导定语从句修饰地点名词house。关系副词引导的定语从句，该关系副词在定语从句中充当状语。
[[[---]]]
参考译文：
如今，林恩回到了她的现代开放式住宅，但令人惊讶的是，她怀念上世纪40年代的房子。她觉得，家庭变得更亲密了，因为他们帮助分担了辛苦的工作。晚上，他们和孩子们玩棋盘游戏，读书或者只是聊天。20世纪40年代的生活并不容易，但更轻松、更舒适的生活并不一定意味着更好的生活。“我会很高兴地回到那里，”她说，“我喜欢那座房子，在那里我们一家人一起欢笑，一起哭泣。
Comprehension work
1. Read the passage and answer the questions.
(1)Why did the Hymers take part in the experiment?
(2)What did the 1940s house look like?
(3)What was the most important thing for a 1940s family?Why?
(4)Why didn’t the family have much to eat?
(5)How were men’s and women’s lives different in the 1940s?
(6)Why does Lyn miss the 1940s house?
2.Read the summary below and fill in each blank with a suitable word based on the language of the passage.You may change the form if necessary.
The passage describes an experiment called The 1940s House in the UK.The aim was to see if a modern-day family could in the 1940s.The Hymers took part in the experiment.The family moved into a house in south London,where there were not any modern
devices.As a result,domestic which they could easily do before,now became terribly difficult.
In the 1940s,personal was a big problem because of the war.To make their experiment as as possible,the whole family stayed in a narrow much of the time.They also followed a wartime diet and often suffered from because of food rationing during the war.Despite all these difficulties,Lyn feels that her family grew closer because they shared the hard work and spend more time together.According to her,an easier and more comfortable life does not mean a better life.What matter more is that the family spend quality time together and are emotionally connected.
Deep-reading
1.Compare life in different times and complete the table in pairs.For any information not mentioned in the passage,please infer it from the context.You may use the example below to help you.
Food
You may ask and respond like this:
A:What were people’s eating habits like in the UK during the 1940s?
B:Back then,people didn’t have enough food.They were often hungry.
A:Why?
B:They had a rationing system.It was hard to get hold of meat and other types of goods,so people often had to eat really boring food.
A:Yes,but what about nowadays?
B:...
Lyn’s time-travel experiment
In the 1940s
In modern times
Housing
Personal safety
Daily routine
Family life
2.Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
(1)What do you think of the life in the 1940s?Why do you think so?
(2)Do you think an easier and more comfortable life means a better life?Argue your point of view.
Mini-project
Travelling back in time
Imagine that you are going to take part in a similar experiment.You are each allowed to take a modern device with you.
·Discuss the questions in groups.
Which device would you take?Why?
·a mobile phone
·a computer
·a microwave
·a fridge
·a washing machine
·a television
·others:
·Share ideas within your group.
·Select one person to report on behalf of your group.
My choice
I would take a mobile phone that can connect to the Internet with me.A a convenient modern communication tool,the mobile phone makes it possible to stay in touch with friends and keeps me informed of what is happening around the world.I can also watch films,play games and listen to music on my mobile phone.
My choice
Focus on language
1. Read the passage again. Find some language points in the passage and list them in the blanks.
(1)Words grouped together using hyphens to form a compound adjective (e.g.a modern-day family).
(2)Adverbs used to modify verbs,suggesting how something is done (e.g. to quickly dig a hole).
(3)Adverbs used to modify adjectives to increase or decrease their degree (e.g. ...,and the food was really boring).
(4)Adverbs used to make comments on situations (e.g. Unfortunately,when they opened the door...)
2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrases below.
·a narrow view
·argue for or against
·make somebody’s blood boil
·suffer from
·aim at
·the survival of the fittest
·not necessarily
·be capable of
(1)What is good for you is good for others.
(2)Ability is what you doing,while attitude determines how well you do it.
(3)I believe that if young people nothing,they are going to achieve nothing.
(4)It when he saw a large amount of food being wasted.
(5) is the basic law of the market economy.
(6)She has of the world and never wants to try new things.
(7)It is important for students to learn how to think on their own and how to ideas.
(8)Many companies are a shortage of skilled workers.
B. Grammar activity
1. Read the passage. Complete grammar rules a-c on page 67 with when,where or why and then match sentences 1-4 in the passage to the rules.
My favourite room
Zhao Ping and Wang Wei are students from the same school. They are talking about their favourite rooms.
Zhao Ping
My favourite room? Well, it isn’t my brother’s bedroom. That’s the worst room in our apartment and definitely the messiest. My brother simply treats it as
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:57:00Z)]]]
动词+宾语+as，该类动词还有:treat/see/make/consider/think of/regard等
[[[---]]]
a place where he can throw his stuff all over the floor: his dirty football clothes and bits of pizza.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:02:00Z)]]]
where引导的定语从句
[[[---]]]
To his credit,
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:03:00Z)]]]
to one's credit 值得赞扬的是
[[[---]]]
he helps keep the rest
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:04:00Z)]]]
the rest 表示其余的，剩余的；rest此时做形容词
[[[---]]]
of the house tidy. I think my favourite room is the downstairs living room. It’s a lot
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:05:00Z)]]]
回想一下还有哪些表程度的代词或短语后面跟形容词比较级？（much/ a little/）
[[[---]]]
tidier than the other rooms and much more comfortable—there’s a big sofa and it’s right in front of the TV. However, the piano is the main reason why I love this room
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:07:00Z)]]]
why引导的表示原因的定语从句。
[[[---]]]
: If nobody else is around, I can sit there and practise for hours.
参考译文：
赵平
我最喜欢的房间吗?这不是我哥哥的卧室。那是我们公寓里最差的房间，绝对是最乱的。我哥哥只是把它当作一个可以把他的东西扔得满地都是的地方:他的脏足球衣服和碎披萨。值得赞扬的是，他帮助把房子的其他地方保持整洁。我想我最喜欢的房间是楼下的客厅。它比其他房间整洁多了，也舒服多了——有一个大沙发，它就在电视机前面。然而，钢琴是我喜欢这个房间的主要原因:如果周围没有其他人，我可以坐在那里练习几个小时。
Wang Wei
The kitchen, because it’s the busiest and most interesting room, I think. My dad is always cooking there—that’s the reason why it’s warmer and friendlier than the other rooms.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:07:00Z)]]]
同上
[[[---]]]
It’s open-plan, which means there’s lots of space
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:08:00Z)]]]
该处是which引导的非限定性定语从句。注意从它的形式和语法意义上给学生讲解。
[[[---]]]
, and it’s got big windows that look out onto the garden, so it’s lovely and bright. That’s really nice in the summer, it is the time when I’m free to read my science fiction books.
参考译文：
王伟
厨房，因为我认为它是最繁忙和最有趣的房间。我爸爸总是在那里做饭——这就是为什么这里比其他房间更温暖、更友好的原因。它是开放式的，这意味着空间很大，有大窗户可以看到花园，所以很漂亮也很明亮。夏天真的很好，那是我可以自由阅读我的科幻小说的时间。
Grammar rules
Sentence(s) in the passage
a We use after the noun phrase of time.
b We use after the noun phrase of place.
c We use after reason.
2.Complete the passage with when,where or why.
My name is Li Hua,and I guess I have a special talent for building things.It all started when I saw a TV programme about home-made robots:that was the moment I fell in love with technology.I have built some simple smart home devices myself.
It’s easier to wake up if it’s bright,and this is the reason I built a special device.It can open the curtains at the time I wake up.I’ve also set up a special light control device that will turn off the lights at times I’m not in the room.There is a simple reason I created this device:to save electricity.
I often read blogs people discuss smart home devices.Thanks to them,I’ve learnt about ways of gathering data with my devices.I’ve also downloaded lots of useful software that helps me control the things in my room.When I grow up,I want to work for a company
I can develop new technology.That means I need to study hard!
3.Complete the sentences below with your true information,using relative clauses with when or where.You may use the example below to help you.
The last time I laughed a lot was lost Monday morning when my cat danced with its tail in front of my family.
(1)The last time I laughed a lot was
(2)The last time I cried so hard was
(3)I dream of a school where
(4)Your own topic:
Now ask your classmates bout their information.Find the most interesting/touching one and report to the class.
·You may ask questions like this:What is your topic?
·You may respond like this:The last time I laughed a lot was last Monday morning when my cat danced with its tall in front of my family.We laughed and laughed until we almost brought down the house.
·You may report like this:I think the funniest idea was Lili’s story.She said, “My dream school is the one where I could learn animal languages besides Chinese and English.I hope that I could talk to birds in the future.”
C.Listening and speaking
1.Match (1)-(6) to a-f to make sentences.What are these sentences about?
(1)After I get up,I usually
a clean it up.
(2)Before meals,I always help
b lay the table.
(3)After dinner,I can help
c make my bed.
(4)After I collect dirty clothes,I will
d put them away.
(5)When my room is in a mess,I will
e load the washing machine.
(6)After the clothes are dried,I often
f do the dishes.
2.Listen to the first part of a talk about household chores and complete the fact file.
There was recently a survey of children aged 11 to 16.The results were:
·Percentage of children who never :35%.
·Percentage of children who don’t :63%.
·Percentage of children who never or :75%.
·Many children don’t before going to school.
3.Listen to the second part of the talk and complete the table.
Excuses for not doing chores
Advantages of doing chores
Ways to get children to do chores
4.Work in groups.Talk about how you can help around the house.Make four rules for your house based on your discussion and explain the reasons.Then complete the table and report the results to the rest of the class.
My house rules
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Reasons:
Language guide
You may talk about your ideas and reasons like this:
·The house rules I made include ...
·The rules I’d like to recommend include ...
·I want to make it a rule to ...
·I’m more than happy to ...
·I’d prefer to ...
·It is my responsibility to ...
·It’s also a good way to ...
·The long-term benefits include ...
·The best way to deal with this is ...
D.Writing
1.Read the advertisement from a student magazine.Imagine that you decide to enter the competition.You may prepare your writing by thinking about the questions.
(1)What do you have in your room?
(2)What is your favourite thing that you own?
(3)How are the things in your room arranged?
2. Read the article that the magazine published.Then complete the table on page 71 before you write.
My favourite room
Zhao Ping and Wang Wei are students from the same school.They are talking about their favourite rooms.
Zhao Ping
My favourite room?Well,it isn’t my brother’s bedroom.That’s the worst room in our apartment and definitely the messiest.My brother simply treats it as a place where he can throw his stuff all over the floor:his dirty football clothes and bits of pizza.To his credit,he helps keep the rest of the house tidy.I think my favourite room is the downstairs living room.It’s a lot tidier than the other rooms and much more comfortable—there’s a big sofa and it’s right in front of the TV.However,the piano is the main reason why I love this room:If nobody else is around,I can sit there and practise for hours.
Wang Wei
The kitchen,because it’s the busiest and most interesting room,I think.My dad is always cooking there—that’s the reason why it’s warmer and friendlier than the other rooms.It’s open-plan,which means there’s lots of space,and it’s got big windows that look out onto the garden,so it’s lovely and bright.That’s really nice in the summer,it is the time when I’m free to read my science fiction books.
Aspects of writing
Guiding question
My exploration
Content
What is the writer’s purpose of writing the article?
What things in her room does the writer describe?
How does the writer start her description?What technique does the writer use to grab readers’ attention?
Language
What adjectives/adverbs does the writer use to make her description interesting?
What prepositional phrases does the writer use to describe the locations of the objects?
Where are the prepositional phrases put in sentences?
Editing
Which words are capitalized?
Where does the writer use a colon(:)?
What is the purpose of using it?
3.Now write a description of your room to the magazine.
E.Cultural focus
In the past 100 years,many aspects of people’s lifestyles,such as our clothes,the buildings we live in and our free time,have changed dramatically.There are many amazing stories about these charges.
In this section,you will first read a passage about Highclere Castle,a famous historic building.You will then watch a video where the members of a British family go back in time and explore how lifestyles in the UK have changed over four decades.
1.Before you read the passage,look at the layout,the title and the photos on pages 72 and 73.Then complete the statements below.
(1)The passage is probably taken from .(A.a brochure/B.a newspaper/C.a blog)
(2)The passage mainly contains .(A.funny stories/B.facts/C.opinions)
(3)The intended readers may be .(A.tourists/B.historians/C.reporters)
A house with a history
Size matters
Imagine living in a huge house,a house so big that you don’t know how many rooms it has!Lady Carnarvon,owner of Highclere Castle,is not sure about the number of rooms,but she does know that Highclere is one of the biggest houses in England.From the outside,the castle looks like the House of Parliament in London.In fact,the same person,Sir Charles Barry,built both places.When Barry finished building Highclere in 1842,the castle had more than 50 rooms,including one room with a 15-metre-high ceiling!But this room was only used on special occasions.Today,Highclere is one of the most expensive houses in Britain,worth more than 150 million pounds.
Treasure
Do you want to learn about ancient Egypt?Visit Highclere and find out about its famous Egyptian connection.In 1922,Lord Carnarvon opened the tomb of an ancient pharaoh in Egypt.However,Lord Carnarvon suddenly died just a few weeks later.Many people thought that the pharaoh’s angry spirit brought about his death.Today,you can find out more about his discovery in the castle’s Egyptian room and make up your own mind!
The small screen
Nowadays,Highclere is one of the most well-known homes in Britain,but it’s not because of its interesting past or its Egyptian treasures.It is because Highclere is the star of a British TV show called Downton Abbey.The show is all about the life of an upper-class family in the 1910s,and most of the story takes place inside Highclere.More than ten million vieewers enjoy watching it every week.Fans love coming to Highclere and many hope to see their favourite actors too!
Planning your visit
Open from May to September,7 days a week,from 10:30 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
Tickets:?9.50 child,?16.50 adult
2.Read the passage again.Match the words in the list to their meanings on the right.
(1)ceiling
a.a special event,ceremony or celebration
(2)occasion
b.a ruler of ancient Egypt
(3)treasure
c.having the highest position in society
(4)pharaoh
d.a building with thick high walls and towers built to defend against attack
(5)castle
e.the top inside surface of a room
(6)spirit
f.the soul believed to live on after the body has died
(7)upper-class
g.something that is very valuable
3.A historic house must meet some standards before being listed officially as “historic”.
Work in pairs and discuss how Highclere Castle meets the standards below.
Standards
Information from the passage
(1)The house is time-honoured.
(2)The house is built in a unique style.
(3)The house is historically important.
(4)The house is attractive to people nowadays.
4.Work in groups.Choose one of the buildings of historic value in your town or city and explain why it is worth visiting.
Video Pastimes in the past
Start thinking
1.Answer the questions.
(1)What do you usually do in your spare time?
(2)Can you live without a mobile phone or the Internet?Why or why not?
Comprehension check
2.Watch the video and answer the questions.
(1)What changes do the Hawkinses experience when they go back in time?
(2)What’s the biggest change for both Seth and Daisy?
(3)What do Seth and Daisy do in their spare time in the 1950s?
(4)How do the Hawkinses entertain themselves in the 1960s?
(5)What do the Hawkinses enjoy most about the 1970s?
(6)What do people do in their spare time in the 1980s?
(7)According to Daisy,what time period was the best for her family?Why?
Vocabulary
3.Complete the sentences with the words.
·mobile
·pastimes
·dread
·present
·entertain
(1)Without the Internet,Seth and Daisy don’t know how to themselves.
(2)The thought of not being able to message her friends is Daisy’s biggest .
(3)Telephone communication was less in the 1960s than it is today.
(4)There are a lot of for people to choose from,such as going camping,doing jigsaw puzzles and playing arcade games.
(5)After returning to the ,the family still keep one habit from the past—spending more time together as a family.
Extension
4.Work in groups.Survey pastimes in the past.
(1)Choose a period of history you want to learn more about.
(e.g. the 1970s,1980s,1990s or 2000s)
(2)Ask people who grew up during that period about their favourite pastimes.
(3)Compare pastimes in the past with those in the present and report to the class.
必修一 Unit 4 My space.同步资料含课文翻译 学案
Objectives
A. Reading and interaction （2个课时）
·Explain the differences in life between past and present as in the reading passage
B. Grammar activity（2个课时）
·Use the structure of relative clauses with when, where and why correctly in the given context
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:12:00Z)]]]
本单元语法是由关系副词所引导的定语从句。在上一单元讲解关系代词引导的定语从句中，我们对引导词的作用已经有了初步认识：1.引导定语从句，2.代替先行词在定语从句中充当某个成分。本单元的where、when、why分别引导地点时间和原因状语从句。对一些抽象地点名词后跟where是易考点也是难点。
[[[---]]]
C. Listening and speaking（1个课时）
·Make a list of house rules and provide reasons for these rules
D. Writing（1个课时）
·Write a description of a room using appropriate language and format
E. Cultural focus（2个课时）
·Understanding the historic value of Highclere Castle
·Explain the changes of pastimes in the UK
A. Reading and interaction
Pre-reading activity
1. Look at the photo of a kitchen in a 1940s house in the UK and tick the things you think the average family might have owned at that time. Imagine how their lives were different from ours today.
（）central heating
（）a DVD player
（）a fridge
（）a microwave
（）a radio
（）an oven
（）a computer
（）a washing machine
（）a dishwasher
（）a phone
（）a television
2. Look at the things in exercise 1 again. Rank them according to how much they contribute to an easy or a comfortable life. Explain your reasons.
The 1940 house
“There were many times when I thought
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:23:00Z)]]]
when引导的定语从句修饰many times.
[[[---]]]
,” I can’t do this. I am a 21st century woman. I don’t work eighteen-hour days’. But then I’d stop and say, ‘Hang on. In the 1940s, women didn’t say they couldn’t do it. They just got on with
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:25:00Z)]]]
get on with… 继续干。
此外还有以下义项
在……获得成功；
与……友好相处。
[[[---]]]
it. ’”These are the words of 50-year-old Lyn Hymers, who took part in an experiment called The 1940s House. The purpose of the experiment was to see if a modern-day family would be capable of
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:27:00Z)]]]
can的升级版，写作时可以参照。
[[[---]]]
surviving in the 1940s.
参考译文：
有很多次我想，“我做不到。”我是一个21世纪的女人。我不是每天工作18个小时。但我会停下来说，‘等等。在20世纪40年代，女性并没有说她们不能这样做。他们就这么干了。这是50岁的琳恩·海莫斯说的话，她参加了一项名为“1940年代的房子”的实验。实验的目的是看一个现代家庭是否有能力在20世纪40年代生存下来。
In March, Lyn, her husband Michael, her daughter and two grandsons arrived at a three-bedroomed house in south London. Unfortunately, when they opened the door, all 21st century labour-saving
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:50:00Z)]]]
合成形容词，省力的
[[[---]]]
devices immediately disappeared. There was no central heating or fridge in the house, but luckily they had a coal fire to keep them warm.
参考译文：
今年3月，琳恩和她的丈夫迈克尔、女儿以及两个外孙来到伦敦南部一所有三间卧室的房子里。不幸的是，当他们打开大门时，所有21世纪的省力设备立刻消失了。房子里没有中央暖气或冰箱，但幸运的是，他们有一堆煤火来取暖。
But food and warmth were not as important as safety—their first task was to quickly dig a hole in the garden.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:42:00Z)]]]
不定式做表语，表示即将去做
[[[---]]]
The family needed to have a place to take cover: World War II started in 1939, and German planes were regularly dropping bombs
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:43:00Z)]]]
丢炸弹。drop此处做及物动词 丢、扔的意思。
[[[---]]]
over London. Although the war wasn’t real for the Hymers, they spent a lot of time down in the hole. They wanted the experiment to seem as real as possible.
参考译文：
但是食物和温暖并不像安全那么重要——他们的第一个任务是在花园里迅速挖一个洞。这个家庭需要一个隐蔽的地方:1939年第二次世界大战开始了，德国飞机经常在伦敦上空投下炸弹。虽然战争对Hymers来说并不真实，但他们在洞里呆了很长时间。他们希望这个实验看起来尽可能真实。
The war wasn’t real, but the difficulties of everyday life were
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:51:00Z)]]]
后面省略了real。在上下文两个句子中，后面的宾语或表语，如果和上文一致，为了避免重复，一般可省略。例如：
Tom doesn’t like football, but I like.
[[[---]]]
. In the 1940s, there was rationing
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:45:00Z)]]]
ration v. 配给；定量供应；限定……的量
n. 定量；口粮；配给量；正常量；一定数量；应得份额
[[[---]]]
of goods such as food and petrol. There wasn’t much meat or milk, or many eggs, and the food was really boring. As a result, the family were often hungry, especially the children. Before the experiment, the children often had snacks, but now they ate dry sandwiches for lunch.
参考译文：
战争是不真实的，但日常生活的困难是真实的。20世纪40年代，食品和汽油等商品实行定量配给。没有多少肉和牛奶，也没有很多鸡蛋，而且食物真的很无聊。结果，家里经常挨饿，尤其是孩子们。实验前，孩子们经常吃零食，但现在他们午餐吃干三明治。
Domestic chores were a challenge too. In the 1940s, these chores were like a full-time job. While Michael went out to work, Lyn and her daughter spent most of their time preparing meals, doing the dishes and cleaning the floor. Things that Lyn did easily before
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:47:00Z)]]]
thing做先行词时，定语从句一般用that引导。
[[[---]]]
, now became terribly difficult. She missed her washing machine most of all. “We had to boil the clothes and when the weather wasn’t good, it was impossible to dry anything,” said Lyn.
参考译文：
家务琐事也是个挑战。在20世纪40年代，这些家务就像是一份全职工作。当迈克尔出去工作时，琳恩和她的女儿大部分时间都在做饭、洗碗和擦地板。以前琳很容易做到的事情，现在变得异常困难。她最想念她的洗衣机。林恩说:“我们不得不把衣服煮了，天气不好的时候，什么都不可能烘干。”
Today, Lyn is back in her modern, open-plan home, but surprisingly, she misses the 1940s house. The family grew
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:54:00Z)]]]
grow是表示变化的系动词
[[[---]]]
closer, she feels, because they helpfully shared the hard work. In the evenings they played board games with the children, read books or just talked. Life in the 1940s wasn’t easy, but an easier and more comfortable life doesn’t necessarily mean a better life. “I would happily go back there,” she says, “I loved that house where we all laughed and cried together as a family.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:48:00Z)]]]
where引导定语从句修饰地点名词house。关系副词引导的定语从句，该关系副词在定语从句中充当状语。
[[[---]]]
参考译文：
如今，林恩回到了她的现代开放式住宅，但令人惊讶的是，她怀念上世纪40年代的房子。她觉得，家庭变得更亲密了，因为他们帮助分担了辛苦的工作。晚上，他们和孩子们玩棋盘游戏，读书或者只是聊天。20世纪40年代的生活并不容易，但更轻松、更舒适的生活并不一定意味着更好的生活。“我会很高兴地回到那里，”她说，“我喜欢那座房子，在那里我们一家人一起欢笑，一起哭泣。
Comprehension work
1. Read the passage and answer the questions.
(1)Why did the Hymers take part in the experiment?
(2)What did the 1940s house look like?
(3)What was the most important thing for a 1940s family?Why?
(4)Why didn’t the family have much to eat?
(5)How were men’s and women’s lives different in the 1940s?
(6)Why does Lyn miss the 1940s house?
2.Read the summary below and fill in each blank with a suitable word based on the language of the passage.You may change the form if necessary.
The passage describes an experiment called The 1940s House in the UK.The aim was to see if a modern-day family could in the 1940s.The Hymers took part in the experiment.The family moved into a house in south London,where there were not any modern
devices.As a result,domestic which they could easily do before,now became terribly difficult.
In the 1940s,personal was a big problem because of the war.To make their experiment as as possible,the whole family stayed in a narrow much of the time.They also followed a wartime diet and often suffered from because of food rationing during the war.Despite all these difficulties,Lyn feels that her family grew closer because they shared the hard work and spend more time together.According to her,an easier and more comfortable life does not mean a better life.What matter more is that the family spend quality time together and are emotionally connected.
Deep-reading
1.Compare life in different times and complete the table in pairs.For any information not mentioned in the passage,please infer it from the context.You may use the example below to help you.
Food
You may ask and respond like this:
A:What were people’s eating habits like in the UK during the 1940s?
B:Back then,people didn’t have enough food.They were often hungry.
A:Why?
B:They had a rationing system.It was hard to get hold of meat and other types of goods,so people often had to eat really boring food.
A:Yes,but what about nowadays?
B:...
Lyn’s time-travel experiment
In the 1940s
In modern times
Housing
Personal safety
Daily routine
Family life
2.Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
(1)What do you think of the life in the 1940s?Why do you think so?
(2)Do you think an easier and more comfortable life means a better life?Argue your point of view.
Mini-project
Travelling back in time
Imagine that you are going to take part in a similar experiment.You are each allowed to take a modern device with you.
·Discuss the questions in groups.
Which device would you take?Why?
·a mobile phone
·a computer
·a microwave
·a fridge
·a washing machine
·a television
·others:
·Share ideas within your group.
·Select one person to report on behalf of your group.
My choice
I would take a mobile phone that can connect to the Internet with me.A a convenient modern communication tool,the mobile phone makes it possible to stay in touch with friends and keeps me informed of what is happening around the world.I can also watch films,play games and listen to music on my mobile phone.
My choice
Focus on language
1. Read the passage again. Find some language points in the passage and list them in the blanks.
(1)Words grouped together using hyphens to form a compound adjective (e.g.a modern-day family).
(2)Adverbs used to modify verbs,suggesting how something is done (e.g. to quickly dig a hole).
(3)Adverbs used to modify adjectives to increase or decrease their degree (e.g. ...,and the food was really boring).
(4)Adverbs used to make comments on situations (e.g. Unfortunately,when they opened the door...)
2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrases below.
·a narrow view
·argue for or against
·make somebody’s blood boil
·suffer from
·aim at
·the survival of the fittest
·not necessarily
·be capable of
(1)What is good for you is good for others.
(2)Ability is what you doing,while attitude determines how well you do it.
(3)I believe that if young people nothing,they are going to achieve nothing.
(4)It when he saw a large amount of food being wasted.
(5) is the basic law of the market economy.
(6)She has of the world and never wants to try new things.
(7)It is important for students to learn how to think on their own and how to ideas.
(8)Many companies are a shortage of skilled workers.
B. Grammar activity
1. Read the passage. Complete grammar rules a-c on page 67 with when,where or why and then match sentences 1-4 in the passage to the rules.
My favourite room
Zhao Ping and Wang Wei are students from the same school. They are talking about their favourite rooms.
Zhao Ping
My favourite room? Well, it isn’t my brother’s bedroom. That’s the worst room in our apartment and definitely the messiest. My brother simply treats it as
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T07:57:00Z)]]]
动词+宾语+as，该类动词还有:treat/see/make/consider/think of/regard等
[[[---]]]
a place where he can throw his stuff all over the floor: his dirty football clothes and bits of pizza.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:02:00Z)]]]
where引导的定语从句
[[[---]]]
To his credit,
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:03:00Z)]]]
to one's credit 值得赞扬的是
[[[---]]]
he helps keep the rest
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:04:00Z)]]]
the rest 表示其余的，剩余的；rest此时做形容词
[[[---]]]
of the house tidy. I think my favourite room is the downstairs living room. It’s a lot
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:05:00Z)]]]
回想一下还有哪些表程度的代词或短语后面跟形容词比较级？（much/ a little/）
[[[---]]]
tidier than the other rooms and much more comfortable—there’s a big sofa and it’s right in front of the TV. However, the piano is the main reason why I love this room
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:07:00Z)]]]
why引导的表示原因的定语从句。
[[[---]]]
: If nobody else is around, I can sit there and practise for hours.
参考译文：
赵平
我最喜欢的房间吗?这不是我哥哥的卧室。那是我们公寓里最差的房间，绝对是最乱的。我哥哥只是把它当作一个可以把他的东西扔得满地都是的地方:他的脏足球衣服和碎披萨。值得赞扬的是，他帮助把房子的其他地方保持整洁。我想我最喜欢的房间是楼下的客厅。它比其他房间整洁多了，也舒服多了——有一个大沙发，它就在电视机前面。然而，钢琴是我喜欢这个房间的主要原因:如果周围没有其他人，我可以坐在那里练习几个小时。
Wang Wei
The kitchen, because it’s the busiest and most interesting room, I think. My dad is always cooking there—that’s the reason why it’s warmer and friendlier than the other rooms.
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:07:00Z)]]]
同上
[[[---]]]
It’s open-plan, which means there’s lots of space
[[[COMMENT BY F M (2020-08-30T08:08:00Z)]]]
该处是which引导的非限定性定语从句。注意从它的形式和语法意义上给学生讲解。
[[[---]]]
, and it’s got big windows that look out onto the garden, so it’s lovely and bright. That’s really nice in the summer, it is the time when I’m free to read my science fiction books.
参考译文：
王伟
厨房，因为我认为它是最繁忙和最有趣的房间。我爸爸总是在那里做饭——这就是为什么这里比其他房间更温暖、更友好的原因。它是开放式的，这意味着空间很大，有大窗户可以看到花园，所以很漂亮也很明亮。夏天真的很好，那是我可以自由阅读我的科幻小说的时间。
Grammar rules
Sentence(s) in the passage
a We use after the noun phrase of time.
b We use after the noun phrase of place.
c We use after reason.
2.Complete the passage with when,where or why.
My name is Li Hua,and I guess I have a special talent for building things.It all started when I saw a TV programme about home-made robots:that was the moment I fell in love with technology.I have built some simple smart home devices myself.
It’s easier to wake up if it’s bright,and this is the reason I built a special device.It can open the curtains at the time I wake up.I’ve also set up a special light control device that will turn off the lights at times I’m not in the room.There is a simple reason I created this device:to save electricity.
I often read blogs people discuss smart home devices.Thanks to them,I’ve learnt about ways of gathering data with my devices.I’ve also downloaded lots of useful software that helps me control the things in my room.When I grow up,I want to work for a company
I can develop new technology.That means I need to study hard!
3.Complete the sentences below with your true information,using relative clauses with when or where.You may use the example below to help you.
The last time I laughed a lot was lost Monday morning when my cat danced with its tail in front of my family.
(1)The last time I laughed a lot was
(2)The last time I cried so hard was
(3)I dream of a school where
(4)Your own topic:
Now ask your classmates bout their information.Find the most interesting/touching one and report to the class.
·You may ask questions like this:What is your topic?
·You may respond like this:The last time I laughed a lot was last Monday morning when my cat danced with its tall in front of my family.We laughed and laughed until we almost brought down the house.
·You may report like this:I think the funniest idea was Lili’s story.She said, “My dream school is the one where I could learn animal languages besides Chinese and English.I hope that I could talk to birds in the future.”
C.Listening and speaking
1.Match (1)-(6) to a-f to make sentences.What are these sentences about?
(1)After I get up,I usually
a clean it up.
(2)Before meals,I always help
b lay the table.
(3)After dinner,I can help
c make my bed.
(4)After I collect dirty clothes,I will
d put them away.
(5)When my room is in a mess,I will
e load the washing machine.
(6)After the clothes are dried,I often
f do the dishes.
2.Listen to the first part of a talk about household chores and complete the fact file.
There was recently a survey of children aged 11 to 16.The results were:
·Percentage of children who never :35%.
·Percentage of children who don’t :63%.
·Percentage of children who never or :75%.
·Many children don’t before going to school.
3.Listen to the second part of the talk and complete the table.
Excuses for not doing chores
Advantages of doing chores
Ways to get children to do chores
4.Work in groups.Talk about how you can help around the house.Make four rules for your house based on your discussion and explain the reasons.Then complete the table and report the results to the rest of the class.
My house rules
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Reasons:
Language guide
You may talk about your ideas and reasons like this:
·The house rules I made include ...
·The rules I’d like to recommend include ...
·I want to make it a rule to ...
·I’m more than happy to ...
·I’d prefer to ...
·It is my responsibility to ...
·It’s also a good way to ...
·The long-term benefits include ...
·The best way to deal with this is ...
D.Writing
1.Read the advertisement from a student magazine.Imagine that you decide to enter the competition.You may prepare your writing by thinking about the questions.
(1)What do you have in your room?
(2)What is your favourite thing that you own?
(3)How are the things in your room arranged?
2. Read the article that the magazine published.Then complete the table on page 71 before you write.
My favourite room
Zhao Ping and Wang Wei are students from the same school.They are talking about their favourite rooms.
Zhao Ping
My favourite room?Well,it isn’t my brother’s bedroom.That’s the worst room in our apartment and definitely the messiest.My brother simply treats it as a place where he can throw his stuff all over the floor:his dirty football clothes and bits of pizza.To his credit,he helps keep the rest of the house tidy.I think my favourite room is the downstairs living room.It’s a lot tidier than the other rooms and much more comfortable—there’s a big sofa and it’s right in front of the TV.However,the piano is the main reason why I love this room:If nobody else is around,I can sit there and practise for hours.
Wang Wei
The kitchen,because it’s the busiest and most interesting room,I think.My dad is always cooking there—that’s the reason why it’s warmer and friendlier than the other rooms.It’s open-plan,which means there’s lots of space,and it’s got big windows that look out onto the garden,so it’s lovely and bright.That’s really nice in the summer,it is the time when I’m free to read my science fiction books.
Aspects of writing
Guiding question
My exploration
Content
What is the writer’s purpose of writing the article?
What things in her room does the writer describe?
How does the writer start her description?What technique does the writer use to grab readers’ attention?
Language
What adjectives/adverbs does the writer use to make her description interesting?
What prepositional phrases does the writer use to describe the locations of the objects?
Where are the prepositional phrases put in sentences?
Editing
Which words are capitalized?
Where does the writer use a colon(:)?
What is the purpose of using it?
3.Now write a description of your room to the magazine.
E.Cultural focus
In the past 100 years,many aspects of people’s lifestyles,such as our clothes,the buildings we live in and our free time,have changed dramatically.There are many amazing stories about these charges.
In this section,you will first read a passage about Highclere Castle,a famous historic building.You will then watch a video where the members of a British family go back in time and explore how lifestyles in the UK have changed over four decades.
1.Before you read the passage,look at the layout,the title and the photos on pages 72 and 73.Then complete the statements below.
(1)The passage is probably taken from .(A.a brochure/B.a newspaper/C.a blog)
(2)The passage mainly contains .(A.funny stories/B.facts/C.opinions)
(3)The intended readers may be .(A.tourists/B.historians/C.reporters)
A house with a history
Size matters
Imagine living in a huge house,a house so big that you don’t know how many rooms it has!Lady Carnarvon,owner of Highclere Castle,is not sure about the number of rooms,but she does know that Highclere is one of the biggest houses in England.From the outside,the castle looks like the House of Parliament in London.In fact,the same person,Sir Charles Barry,built both places.When Barry finished building Highclere in 1842,the castle had more than 50 rooms,including one room with a 15-metre-high ceiling!But this room was only used on special occasions.Today,Highclere is one of the most expensive houses in Britain,worth more than 150 million pounds.
Treasure
Do you want to learn about ancient Egypt?Visit Highclere and find out about its famous Egyptian connection.In 1922,Lord Carnarvon opened the tomb of an ancient pharaoh in Egypt.However,Lord Carnarvon suddenly died just a few weeks later.Many people thought that the pharaoh’s angry spirit brought about his death.Today,you can find out more about his discovery in the castle’s Egyptian room and make up your own mind!
The small screen
Nowadays,Highclere is one of the most well-known homes in Britain,but it’s not because of its interesting past or its Egyptian treasures.It is because Highclere is the star of a British TV show called Downton Abbey.The show is all about the life of an upper-class family in the 1910s,and most of the story takes place inside Highclere.More than ten million vieewers enjoy watching it every week.Fans love coming to Highclere and many hope to see their favourite actors too!
Planning your visit
Open from May to September,7 days a week,from 10:30 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
Tickets:?9.50 child,?16.50 adult
2.Read the passage again.Match the words in the list to their meanings on the right.
(1)ceiling
a.a special event,ceremony or celebration
(2)occasion
b.a ruler of ancient Egypt
(3)treasure
c.having the highest position in society
(4)pharaoh
d.a building with thick high walls and towers built to defend against attack
(5)castle
e.the top inside surface of a room
(6)spirit
f.the soul believed to live on after the body has died
(7)upper-class
g.something that is very valuable
3.A historic house must meet some standards before being listed officially as “historic”.
Work in pairs and discuss how Highclere Castle meets the standards below.
Standards
Information from the passage
(1)The house is time-honoured.
(2)The house is built in a unique style.
(3)The house is historically important.
(4)The house is attractive to people nowadays.
4.Work in groups.Choose one of the buildings of historic value in your town or city and explain why it is worth visiting.
Video Pastimes in the past
Start thinking
1.Answer the questions.
(1)What do you usually do in your spare time?
(2)Can you live without a mobile phone or the Internet?Why or why not?
Comprehension check
2.Watch the video and answer the questions.
(1)What changes do the Hawkinses experience when they go back in time?
(2)What’s the biggest change for both Seth and Daisy?
(3)What do Seth and Daisy do in their spare time in the 1950s?
(4)How do the Hawkinses entertain themselves in the 1960s?
(5)What do the Hawkinses enjoy most about the 1970s?
(6)What do people do in their spare time in the 1980s?
(7)According to Daisy,what time period was the best for her family?Why?
Vocabulary
3.Complete the sentences with the words.
·mobile
·pastimes
·dread
·present
·entertain
(1)Without the Internet,Seth and Daisy don’t know how to themselves.
(2)The thought of not being able to message her friends is Daisy’s biggest .
(3)Telephone communication was less in the 1960s than it is today.
(4)There are a lot of for people to choose from,such as going camping,doing jigsaw puzzles and playing arcade games.
(5)After returning to the ,the family still keep one habit from the past—spending more time together as a family.
Extension
4.Work in groups.Survey pastimes in the past.
(1)Choose a period of history you want to learn more about.
(e.g. the 1970s,1980s,1990s or 2000s)
(2)Ask people who grew up during that period about their favourite pastimes.
(3)Compare pastimes in the past with those in the present and report to the class.
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