2022届高三英语一轮复习人教新课标必修一Unit 4 Natural disasters词汇复习课件(28张PPT)

(共28张PPT)
Unit
4　Earthquakes
Step3
习题讲解
Step1
单元词汇分类
Step2
重点词汇、词组及句型结构
自然灾害阅读相关单词
1.earthquake
2.drought
3.tornado
4.blizzard
5.hurricane
6.mudflow
7.avalanche
8.tsunami
9.
flood
地震
干旱
泥石流
暴风雪
飓风
龙卷风
雪崩
海啸
洪水
10.
COVID-19
11.
epidemic
12.
delta
variant
13.
locust
14.
自然灾害
流行病
新冠状病毒肺炎
德尔塔变异病毒
蝗虫
natural
disaster
阅读词汇
1.well
2.smelly
3.farmyard
4.pipe
5.million
6.canal
7.steam
8.dirt
9.brick
n.
井
adj.
发臭的；有臭味的
n.
农家场院
n.
管,导管
n.
百万
n.
砖；砖块?
n.
运河,水道
10.dam
11.track
12.mine
13.miner
?
14.shelter
15.title
?
16.bar
17.outline
?
18.headline
19.cyclist
?
?
n.
矿；矿山；矿井?
n.
蒸汽；水汽?
n.
污垢；泥土?
n.
水坝；堰堤?
n.
轨道；足迹；痕迹
n.
矿工
n.
掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处?
n.
标题；头衔；资格
n.
条；棒；条状物
n.
要点；大纲；轮廓
n.
报刊的大字标题?
n.
骑自行车的人
词性转换
1.nation
→
adj.国家的；国民的
2.shock
→
adj.
感到震惊的→________
adj.
令人震惊的
3.extreme
→
adv.极度地
4.survive
→
n.幸存者→
n.
幸存,
生还
5.injure
→
adj.
受伤的→
n.
伤害;
损害
6.frighten
→
adj.受恐吓的→
adj.令人恐惧的
7.judge
→
n.判断力；评价
8.express
→
n.表情
9.congratulate
→
n.
祝贺;
(pl.
)贺词
10.
rescue
→
n.援救人员
national
extremely
survivor
frightened
frightening
judgement
expression
survival
injured
injury
shocked
shocking
congratulation
n.国家
vt.
&vi.
(使)震惊
adj.极度的
vt.生还&vi.
存活
vt.使惊吓
vt.断定；判断
vt.表示；表达
vt.
祝贺
vt.
损害;
伤害
rescuer
vt.
援救;
营救
1.
__________　　　　
立刻;
马上?
2.
__________
结束，终结?
3.
____________
从……判断?
4.
____________
陷入?
5.
___________
埋头于?
6.
___________________
以为……没什么了不起?
right
away
at
an
end
judging
from
be
trapped
in
be
buried
in
think
little/nothing
of
in
ruins
核心短语
dig
out
a
(great)
number
of
as
if
7.
严重受损;
破败不堪?
8.
掘出;
发现?
9.
_________________许多;
大量的?
10.
仿佛,
好像?
四会词汇
1.
_____　　　
vi.
爆裂;
爆发
n.
突然破裂;
爆发
2.
n.
废墟;
毁灭
vt.
毁灭;
使破产
3.
_______
vt.
破坏;
毁坏;
消灭
4.
______
n.
&vt.
援救;
营救
5.
vt.
使陷入困境n.
陷阱;
困境
6.
vt.
埋葬;
掩埋;
隐藏
7.
_______
vt.
损害;
伤害
8.
_______
n.
苦难;
痛苦
9.
________
adv.
真诚地;
真挚地
burst
ruin
destroy
rescue
trap
bury
injure
suffering
sincerely
=genuinely
In
the
city,
the
water
pipes
in
some
buildings
cracked
and
burst.
...Steam
burst
from
holes
in
the
ground.
(课本P26)
【2020·浙江卷阅读B】
By
9:33am,
a
burst
of
additional
traffic
might
push
it
to
145
seconds.
vi.
爆裂;
爆发
1.burst
(burst,
burst)
burst
in/into　　
n.
突然破裂;
爆发
burst
into
laughter=burst
out
laughing
突然大哭起来
burst
into
tears=burst
out
crying
a
burst
of
一阵……
心花怒放/勃然大怒
burst
with
joy/anger
突然大笑起来
【2016·北京阅读D】It
is
not
surprising
that
young
people
are
likely
to
burst
out,particularly
when
there
are
reasons
to
do
so.
突然闯进;
突然出现
1.突然大笑
A.burst
out
laughter
B.
burst
into
laughter
C.
burst
out
laughing
D.
burst
into
tears
答案：BC
选择题
【单句语法填空】
①Seeing
her
classmates
burst
___
laughing
because
of
her
foolish
behavior,
she
burst
____
tears.
②With
a
burst
__
laughter,
Wang
Xifeng
burst
____
the
room,
whose
flattering(谄媚
的)
words
made
Mrs
Jia
burst
____joy.
out
into
into
of
with
In
fifteen
terrible
seconds
a
large
city
lay
in
ruins...Some
of
the
rescue
workers
and
doctors
were
trapped
under
the
ruins.(课本P26)
【2016·全国新课标IIIB】A
heavy
rain
ruined
the
dinner.
n.
[U]毁灭;
毁坏;
崩溃;
[常用复数]废墟;
遗迹
2.ruin
vt
.
(使)毁坏;
毁灭;
成为废墟;
使破产
lay/be
in
ruins
成为废墟
【2016·北京B】When
they
returned
to
Rockaway
the
next
day,
they
found
their
neighborhood
in
ruins.
Many
of
Natalie’s
friends
had
lost
their
homes
and
were
living
far
away.
in
ruins
严重受损，破败不堪　　
选择题
2.成为废墟
A.lay/be
in
ruins
B.
in
ruins
C.
in
ruin
D.
fall
into
ruin
答案：A
毁灭，毁坏
【单句语法填空】
①They
saw
by
the
light
of
the
moon
that
part
of
the
city
lay
__
ruins.
②Ever
since
the
earthquake，this
temple
(be)
in
ruins.
【高考速递】
in
has
been
（2020·新课标Ⅲ）If
you
do，
you
won’
be
able
to
handle
it
and
the
whole
thing
develops
into
an
unpleasant
scene
and
that
____60____
everyone’s
day.
60.
A.
ruins
B.
makes
C.
starts
D.
saves
Two-thirds
of
them
died
or
were
injured.
The
number
of
people
who
were
killed
or
injured
reached
more
than
400,000.(课本P26)
【2018·北京卷，A】A
month
before
my
first
marathon,
one
of
my
ankles
was
injured
and
this
meant
not
running
for
two
weeks,
leaving
me
only
two
weeks
to
train.
【2017·全国卷I，B】Getting?injured?in?his?work.
vt.
损害;
伤害
3.injure
1.be/get
injured
受伤
(injured，injuring)
2.injured
adj.受伤的；受损害的
3.the
injured
伤者;
伤员
By
mile
17,
I
became
out
of
breath
and
the
once
injured
ankle
hurt
badly.
选择题
3.
受伤人员
A.injured
B.
injuring
C.the
injured
D.
the
injury
答案：C
(2)
n.
伤害某人
injury
伤害
do
sb.
an
injury/do
an
injury
to
sb.
do
sb.
harm=
do
harm
to
sb.
Any
injury
a
child
is
a
cause
of
great
concern
to
us.
【单句语法填空】
to
【单句语法填空】
①The
injured
_____（be)flown
to
hospital
immediately
they
got
_______
(injure)
in
the
car
accident.
②The
_______(injure)man
was
lying
motionless
on
his
back.
③Two
players
are
out
of
the
team
because
of
(injure）
were
injured
injured
motionless
adj.
静止的；不运动的
injury
【2017·北京卷，B】an
electronic
device
that
can
shock
the
heart
back
into
work.
【2017·北京卷，B】The
girls
were
in
shock.
vt.
(使)震惊;
使受电击
4.
shock
对……感到震惊
be
shocked
by/at.
.
.
因做……而震惊
be
shocked
to
do.
.
.
in
shock震惊地;
休克
shocking
shocked
n.
震惊；休克;
打击;
adj.感到震惊的
令人震惊的
People
were
shocked.(课本P26)
【2016·天津B】I
was
shocked.
“Hey,
he’s
a
good
kid,”
I
wanted
to
say.
【2018·北京卷】they
were
shocked
to
find
two
policemen
standing
next
to
it.
选择题
感到震惊的adj.是什么?
A.shocking
B.
shocked
C.be
shocked
D.
in
shock
答案：B
【单句语法填空】
We
felt
curious
how
she
received
the
________(shock)news.
【高考速递】
I
still
remember
visiting
a
friend
who’d
lived
here
for
five
years
and
I
(shock)
when
I
learnt
she
hadn’t
cooked
once
in
all
that
time.（2018·浙江卷语法填空）
shocking
was
shocked
相同词汇用法：
amaze(amazing;amazed)
surprise(surprising;surprised)
disturb(disturbing;disturbed)
confuse(confusing;confused)
frighten（frightening;frightened)
terrify(terrifying;terrified)
astonish(astonishing;astonished)
1.disturb打扰；使不安；弄乱disturbing令人不安的disturbed感到不安的
2.confuse使混乱；使困惑confusing令人困惑的confused感到困惑的
3.frighten使惊吓；吓唬?frightening令人恐惧的?frightened受惊的；受恐吓的
4.terrify使恐怖，恐吓terrifying令人恐惧的terrified恐惧的；受惊吓的
5.astonish使惊讶astonishing令人惊讶的astonished感到吃惊的
The
army
organized
teams
to
dig
out
those
who
were
trapped
and
to
bury
the
dead.(课本P26)
【2019·北京卷，D】When
these
organisms
die，they
bury
carbon
in
the
deep
ocean，an
important
process
that
helps
to
regulate
the
global
climate.
vt.
埋葬;
掩埋;
隐藏
5.bury
埋头于;
专心于
bury
oneself
in=be
buried
in
　
其他表示“专心于,
致力于”的表达还有:
be
devoted
to;
be
absorbed
in;
be
lost
in;be
occupied
with;
focus/concentrate
on;
fix
one’s
attention
on
eg.He
held
her
closely,
(bury)his
head
against
her
shoulder.
burying
选择题
专心做某事
A.be
absorbed
in
B.
concentrate
on
C.be
lost
in
D.be
buried
in
答案：ABCD
At
3:42
am
everything
began
to
shake.It
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
at
an
end!(课本P26)
【2017·北京卷】It’s
as
if
the
brain
is
preserving
its
most
important
memories.
【2017·北京卷D】Others
say
we
can
just
＂switch
them
off＂
as
if
super
intelligent
machines
are
too
stupid
to
think
of
that
possibility.
【2017·全国卷I】When
fat
and
salt
are
removed
from
food,
the
food
tastes
as
if
is
missing
something.
(1)如果as
if所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况,
句子要用陈述语气。
6.句型结构
It
seemed/seems
(to
sb.
)
as
if.
.
.
(对某人来说)似乎……
as
if
引导表语从句
as
if
引导表语从句
as
if
引导表语从句
as
if
引导方式状语从句
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时,
从句用虚拟语气:
She
loves
the
boy
as
if
he
were
her
father.
①从句用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)
②从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)
③从句谓语动词用would/could/might
do形式(与将来的事实相反)
【单句语法填空】
①Though
the
local
villagers
were
poor,
they
offered
their
clothes
and
food
as
if
I
(be)
their
own
family.
②Tom
raised
his
right
hand
as
if
(say)
something.
were
to
say
课堂小结
1.突然大哭
A.burst
out
laughter
B.
burst
into
laughter
C.
burst
out
laughing
D.
burst
into
tears
答案：
2.成为废墟
A.lay/be
in
ruins
B.
in
ruins
C.
in
ruinD.
fall
into
ruins
答案：
3.
受伤人员
A.injured
B.
the
injury
C.the
injured
D.
injuring
答案：
4.感到震惊的adj.是什么?
A.shocking
B.
shocked
C.be
shocked
D.
in
shock
答案：
5.专心做某事
A.be
absorbed
in
B.
concentrate
onC.be
lost
in
D.
be
buried
in
答案：
6.as
if引导的是什么从句？
A.表语从句
B.状语从句
C.
定语从句
D.主语从句
答案：
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