2021-2022学年人教版高中英语：必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists 1.3 Grammar课件（34张PPT）

(共34张PPT)
Unit1
Grammar
The
Past
Participle(1)
as
the
Attribute
and
Predicative
【课前热身】
根据句意用所给词的正确形式填空并体会其用法。
1.
But
he
became
________
(inspire)
when
he
thought
about
helping
ordinary
people
_______
(expose)
to
cholera.
inspired
exposed
2.
He
became
_________
(interest)
in
two
theories
that
possibly
explained
how
cholera
killed
people.
3.
He
found
that
it
came
from
the
river
________
(pollute)
by
the
dirty
water
from
London.
4.
He
immediately
told
the
__________
(astonish)
people
in
Broad
Street
to
remove
the
handle
from
the
pump
so
that
it
could
not
be
used.
interested
polluted
astonished
过去分词的基本形式
过去分词的基本形式是
“V-ed”(如used等);
有些动词过去分词为不规则变化形式
(如fallen、written等)。
Translation
a
________
candle
一支点燃的蜡烛
a
________
stamp
一枚用过的邮票
lighted
used
a
________
coin
一枚破损的硬币
a
________
teacher
一名退休的教师
broken
retired
1.
But
he
became
________
(inspire)
when
he
thought
about
helping
ordinary
people
_______
(expose)
to
cholera.
inspired
exposed
定语
表语
2.
He
became
_________
(interest)
in
two
theories
that
possibly
explained
how
cholera
killed
people.
3.
He
found
that
it
came
from
the
river
________
(pollute)
by
the
dirty
water
from
London.
4.
He
immediately
told
the
__________
(astonish)
people
in
Broad
Street
to
remove
the
handle
from
the
pump
so
that
it
could
not
be
used.
interested
polluted
astonished
表语
定语
定语
The
man
smiling
in
the
picture
is
Xiaozhan.
He
never
learned
performance
,
but
he
likes
performing
most.
a
teleplay
(电视剧）Chenqingling
which
is
amazing
has
made
him
famous.
His
subtle
acting
keeps
the
thousands
of
people
watching
the
teleplay
over
and
over
again.
Will
you
scream(尖叫)
when
seeing
him?
表语
主语
宾补
定语
宾语
状语
过去分词的用法
过去分词
1.
作定语
2.
作表语
3.
作补语
4.
作状语
过去分词作定语
The
Past
Participle
as
the
Attribute
一、过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语有前置定语和后置定语两种
1.
单个过去分词作定语放在被修饰的名词_____,
做前置定语表示_________或
_________。
前面
被动(vt.)
完成(vi.)
fallen
leaves
the
risen
sun
a
retired
teacher
作定语表____
a
respected
doctor
polluted
water
a
newly-invented
machine
完成
作定语表____
被动
2.
过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰的名词_____,
相当于一个定语从句。
后面
The
Story
of
Ah
Q
written
by
Lu
Xun
is
familiar
to
us.
=
The
Story
of
Ah
Q
______________
__________
is
familiar
to
us.
which
by
Lu
Xun
is
written
The
city
surrounded
by
mountains
is
my
hometown.
=
The
city
______________________
__________
is
my
hometown.
which
is
surrounded
by
mountains
a
picture
_________
_________________
一幅由里奥纳多·达芬奇画的画
painted
by
Leonardo
da
Vinci
It’s
a
picture
(______
_____)
painted
by
Leonardo
da
Vinci.
which
was
注意1:
有些过去分词表示特定含义时,
单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后,
如
left
(剩余的),
given
(所给的),
concerned
(有关的)等。如:
There
is
little
time
left.
Let’s
hurry
up.
剩余的时间不多了。
我们赶快吧。
注意2:
如果被修饰的词是由
不定代词
(everything等)或指示代词
(those等)时,
即使单个的过去分词作定语,
也要放在被修饰词的后面。如:
Is
there
anything
unsolved?
还有没有解决的问题吗？
注3:
过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语,
前后常有逗号。如:
Some
of
them,
born
and
brought
up
in
rural
villages,
had
never
seen
a
train.
他们当中有一些人,
生长在农村,
从未见过火车。
注4:
一些过去分词不能单独用作前置定语,
但与某些名词或副词构成复合形容词后,
便可放在被修饰的名词前面,
作前置定语。
如:
a
state-run
company
国营公司
a
newly-
born
baby
新生婴儿
a
newly-
opened
restaurant
一家新开的餐馆
判断下列句子中的过去分词作定语的意义
1.
America
is
a
developed
country.
_________
2.
I
found
it
hard
to
understand
the
English
(that
was)
spoken
by
the
native
villagers.
________
3.
Is
there
anything
planned
for
the
weekend?
________
表完成
表被动
即表完成也表被动
(=
Is
there
anything
that
has
been
planned
for
the
weekend?)
现在分词和过去分词做定语，有何区别呢？
Thinking
fallen
leaves
falling
leaves
boiling
water
boiled
water
正在沸腾的水
已经烧开的水
the
rising
sun
the
risen
sun
正在升起的太阳
升起了的太阳
V-ing
表动作正在进行,
V-ed
表动作已经完成
disappointing
news
disappointed
people
令人失望的消息
感到失望的人们
exciting
story
excited
people
激动人心的故事
(感到)激动的人们
情感动词的V-ing表
“令人...”
,
V-ed
表
“感到...”。
结论：
现在分词作定语,表示动作__________,
_______意义;
过去分词作定语,表示动作在谓语之前已_______,或具有________意义.
正在进行
主动
被动
完成
区别
①The
fish
______(catch)
yesterday
is
still
alive.
②Do
you
want
to
see
the
doctor
________
(work)
on
the
case
report
in
the
office?
caught
working
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
The
Past
Participle
as
the
Predicative
过去分词作表语
He
looked
worried
after
reading
the
letter.
When
we
heard
of
this,
we
were
deeply
moved.
He
got
interested
in
the
two
theories
explaining
how
cholera
killed
people.
位于______
之后,
不表示
“被动”或者
“完成”,
而表示主语的状态或者情绪,
相当于形容词。
系动词
系动词的分类:
be
动词:
“感觉”类:
“似乎”
类:
“变成”类:
“保持、仍然”类:
am/
are/
is,
was/
were,
be,
been
feel,
look,
smell,
sound,
taste等
seem,
appear,
as
if等
become,
grow,
turn,
fall,
get,
go,
turn
out等
keep,
remain,
stay等
(除此之外,
“证实”______
也可直接跟adj.搭配为系表)。
prove
1.They
were
________
to
hear
the
_______
news.(delight)
2.
The
teacher
announced
the
_______
news
with
an
_______voice.(excite)
4.There
was
a
_________
(surprise)
look
on
his
face.
5.
The
story
was
so________
(move)
that
he
was
_______
(move)
to
tears.
delighted
delighting
excited
exciting
surprised
moving
moved
V-ing
与V-ed
作表语的区别
归纳:
与感觉相关的及物动词，其过去分词含有被动含义，即“人被引起某种感觉”，多用来形容人、人的声音或者表情。
现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉”
区别
The
library
is
closed.
The
library
is
closed
by
the
teacher.
V-ed作表语表主语的状态，被动语态表示被动的动作。
“
系动词+过去分词（系表结构）
状态（系表结构）
动作(被动语态）
区别
My
glasses
are
broken.
My
glasses
were
broken
by
my
little
brother.
状态
动作
be+过去分词表状态时，是系表结构，而表示动作时，是被动语态，而且动作的执行者由by引出
过去分词作表语，通常表示主语的所处的状态。
Liu
Xiang
is
a
player
_______
(love)
by
thousands
of
fans.
Unluckily,
he
got
_______
(injure)
in
the
game,
in
2012
London
Olympics.
The
___________
(surprise)
news
got
across
to
the
world
and
his
fans
were
______________
(disappoint)
to
see
it,
but
they
still
wished
him
a
happy
life.
语法填空
loved
injured
surprising
disappointed