2021-2022学年人教版高中英语:必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes 单元分层训练
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The COVID-19 will first seriously (损害) the patient’s respiratory system.?
2.Latest reports said that mud slides (掩埋) entire villages.?
3.Her graduation from college was a great (事件).I did not want to miss.?
4.Scientists have described the Aral sea(咸海) as the site of the worst ecological (灾难) on earth.?
5.While I was cooking supper,the (电) went off.?
6.When the second earthquake happened,some of the (援救) workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.?
7. (判断) from what he said just now,he must be an honest man.?
8.He couldn’t help (爆发)into tears when he saw his mother again.?
9.The war between Armenia and Azerbaijan has (毁坏) many structures and facilities.?
10.Many old people easily fall into the (陷阱) of telecommunication fraud.?
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The loss of the father because of the COVID-19 caused great (suffer) to the family.?
2.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as (extreme) uncomfortable;therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap with conversation.?
3.He likes his work very much.He always (bury) himself in his work.?
4.A lot of people (trap) underground after the flood.?
5.At last I (sincere) wish you a pleasant trip back to your country.?
6. (judge) from her last letter,they are having a wonderful time.?
7.The beautiful wooden house (destroy) in the big fire.?
8.Suddenly,the girl burst crying.?
9.She didn’t want to leave her homework (do).So she continued to work on it.?
10.The policeman are trying to get the (detail) information about it.?
Ⅲ.短语检测
1.My holiday is (结束)and I must go back to work tomorrow.?
2.They (不重视) my suggestion,which made me a little upset.?
3.His car was buried by the snow and had to be (挖出).?
4.A stranger (闯入) their house when they were out on holiday.?
5.When I came in,he (专心于) reading a book in his study.?
Ⅳ.根据提示词或相关要求补全句子
1.我同意你所说的大部分内容,但是我并不同意全部内容。(部分否定)
I agree with most of what you said,but I .?
2.正如那句老话:活到老,学到老。(too ...to ...)
Just as an old saying goes: it is never .?
3.噪音似乎是从楼下传过来的。(as if)
the noise comes from downstairs.?
4.别让她在外边雨里等着。(leave+宾语+宾语补足语)
Don’t outside in the rain.?
5.全世界由于新冠肺炎死亡人数已经超过50万人。(the number of)
is over 500 thousand.?
Ⅴ.课文缩写填空
Dirty water rose in wells before the earthquake. But no one 1. (judge) that an earthquake was coming. Suddenly,everything shook. It seemed 2. if the world was at 3. end. Millions of brick houses and a number of dams 4. (destroy). Railway tracks became 5. (use) bars. Pipes in mines burst and let out 6. (smell) steam. Huge cracks trapped cyclists everywhere.?
The next day,this event was the headline or main title of all newspapers. With the reporters giving an outline of the disaster,the whole nation was 7. (shock) at the damage and the victims’ extreme 8. (suffer). Thanks to people’s help,the injured were rescued and the dead were 9. (bury). The frightened survivors were dug out from under the 10. (ruin) and were offered shelter,fresh water and electricity. ?
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021届齐鲁名校一模,B)
More than £5,500 has been raised after a plea(请愿) last Monday by a vet Dr Scott Miller.Scott said,“I would like to say a massive thank-you to Express readers from myself,from Australia and from the koalas.It’s amazing that people from across the world can see how significant the catastrophe has been.I do appreciate that people are being very supportive and reaching into their pockets.”An area,a third of the size of Britain is estimated to have been ravaged(毁坏) since the blaze(火灾) began in September.
On Friday a state of emergency was declared in the capital Canberra,with residents told to prepare to evacuate as fires on the outskirts(市郊) threatened to spread.A billion animals are feared to have died,including 25,000 koalas.
Last week Scott told how he had visited his homeland,helping to save wildlife on Kangaroo Island off the coast of Adelaide.While there he rescued a mother and a baby koala who were stuck in a tree.The pair were rushed to a field hospital on the island to be treated.The mum had severe burns to her paws and was badly dehydrated(脱水的),while her baby son had an eye injury and was underweight.
Scott,who has appeared on ITV’s This Morning and BBC’s Blue Peter,said the mother is showing“great signs of improvement”and her wounds are starting to heal.The baby has undergone surgery to his eye and is“recovering from the anaesthetic(麻药) and doing well”.
But he added,“The mother remains dehydrated so isn’t producing enough milk to feed the baby.At the moment they’re being housed severally but there is the hope that when the baby is a little stronger he will be able to be returned to his mother.”
Even after they recover,the pair will probably spend their lives in an enclosure while the bush takes years to recover.Scott said,“Sadly patients are still coming in thick and fast.Each of these animals is requiring to be housed and fed,and regular medical treatment to their injuries.”
1.What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?
A.Dr Scott Miller donated more than £5,500.
B.Residents were asked to move to Canberra.
C.Numerous animals might have lost their lives.
D.A large area of Britain has been badly damaged by the fire.
2.What did Dr Scott Miller do after returning to his homeland?
A.He was rushed to the field hospital to receive treatment.
B.He assisted to rescue the wildlife on Kangaroo Island.
C.He hosted the ITV’S This Morning.
D.He fed the underweight baby koala.
3.What does the underlined word in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A.Separately. B.Seriously. C.Successfully. D.Sympathetically.
4.What’s the best title of the passage?
A.A Big Australian Fire
B.People’s Generous Donation
C.Koalas’Recovery
D.Rescuing Koalas
B
(2021届浙江七彩阳光一联,B)
“I get so frustrated.I end up hitting the desk.”“I feel very unwell and I am really scared.”These are how students feel about one of the basic but important subjects being learnt in school—mathematics.These also reflect a phenomenon where children as young as six may feel fear,anger and despair as a result of “mathematics anxiety”,a condition which can cause physical symptoms and behavior problems in class,according to a study.
Researchers from the Centre for Neuroscience in Education at University of Cambridge worked with 2,700 primary and secondary students in the UK and Italy—including detailed one-to-one interviews—to explore maths anxiety and its causes.
Researchers say maths anxiety should be treated as a “real concern” because of the damage it does to a child’s learning.Pupils in both primary and secondary school can find themselves locked in a cycle of despair,suffering from anxiety which harms their maths performance,which in turn leads to increased anxiety.
The children interviewed provided vivid descriptions of their fears about maths.One primary school student described his reaction during a maths lesson.“Because my table’s in the corner,I kind of tried not to be in the lesson.”
Researchers found there was a general sense that maths was hard compared with other subjects,which led to a loss of confidence.Yet the study points out that most children with high levels of maths anxiety are also high achievers in the subject.
It was also found that key triggers for anxiety included poor marks,test pressures,teases from fellow pupils and a confusing mix of teaching methods.National State tests taken in the final year of primary school were another cause of anxiety for some,while the transition to secondary school was challenging for others.
5.What can we learn about maths anxiety?
A.It is a typical condition of primary students.
B.It is the root of students’strange daily behaviors.
C.It does damage to students’maths performance.
D.Only teenagers can suffer a lot from it in class.
6.What does the underlined word mean in the last paragraph?
A.Problems. B.Reasons.
C.Phenomena. D.Consequences.
7.What will be possibly talked about next?
A.How students respond to maths learning.
B.What makes maths learning difficult.
C.Why students suffer from maths anxiety.
D.How to deal with the maths frustration.
Ⅱ.应用文写作
(2020年7月浙江,应用文写作)
假定你是李华,你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。请给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1.询问近况;
2.分享班级最新消息;
3.表达祝愿。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[写作指导]
1.本文写作应以第一人称为主。
2.文章可以分为三部分:第一部分表达对外教的问候;第二部分介绍班级的情况;第三部分表示祝愿。
3.时态以现在时态为主,但是外教生病的事情发生在过去,可以用过去时态表述。
参考答案
【基础训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.damage 2.buried 3.event 4.disaster 5.electricity 6.rescue 7.Judging 8.bursting 9.ruined 10.trap
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.suffering 2.extremely 3.buries 4.were trapped 5.sincerely 6.Judging 7.was destroyed 8.into 9.undone 10.detailed
Ⅲ.短语检测
1.at an end 2.thought little/nothing of 3.dug out 4.burst into 5.was buried in
Ⅳ.根据提示词或相关要求补全句子
1.don’t agree with everything 2.too late to learn 3.It seems as if 4.leave her waiting 5.The number of people who died of COVID-19
Ⅴ.课文缩写填空
1.judged 2.as 3.an 4.were destroyed 5.useless 6.smelly 7.shocked 8.suffering 9.buried 10.ruins
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.阅读理解
1.C 推理判断题。考查考生理解文本具体信息并归纳概括的能力。根据第二段最后一句“A billion animals are feared to have died,including 25,000 koalas.(有十亿动物恐怕已经被烧死了,包括两万五千只考拉)”可知,大量动物可能因为火灾失去了生命。故选C。
2.B 细节理解题。考查考生理解和识别具体文本信息的能力。根据第三段第一句“Last week Scott told how he had visited his homeland,helping to save wildlife on Kangaroo Island off the coast of Adelaide.”可知,上周 Scott讲述了他如何访问自己的祖国,帮助拯救阿德莱德海岸袋鼠岛上的野生动物。故选 B。
3.A 词义猜测题。考查考生在特定语境下推测特定单词意义的能力。根据画线词所在句后半部分“but there is the hope that when the baby is a little stronger he will be able to be returned to his mother”的句意及句中表示转折关系的连词 but 可判断此处画线单词为“分别;各自”之意,故选 A。
4.D 主旨大意题。考查考生理解和概括主旨大意的能力。根据全文的内容,尤其是第三段第一句“Last week Scott told how he had visited his homeland,helping to save wildlife on Kangaroo Island off the coast of Adelaide.”可知,本文主要介绍了在澳大利亚森林大火后受伤的考拉得到人们尤其是Dr Scott Miller救助的故事,故选D。
5.C 细节理解题。考查考生理解和识别具体文本信息的能力。根据第三段“Researchers say maths anxiety should be treated as a ‘real concern’ because of the damage it does to a child’s learning.Pupils in both primary and secondary school can find themselves locked in a cycle of despair,suffering from anxiety which harms their maths performance,which in turn leads to increased anxiety.(研究人员表示,数学焦虑应该被当作“真正的担忧”来对待,因为它会对孩子的学习造成损害。小学和初中的学生会发现他们自己陷入绝望的循环,焦虑引起的痛苦影响他们的数学成绩,反过来导致焦虑加剧)”可知,数学焦虑对学生的数学成绩有害。C项“It does damage to students’maths performance.(它对学生的数学成绩有害)”符合以上说法,故选C项。
6.B 词义猜测题。考查考生在特定语境下推测特定单词意义的能力。根据最后一段中的“It was also found that key triggers for anxiety included poor marks,test pressures, teases from fellow pupils and a confusing mix of teaching methods.(人们也发现,这种焦虑的主要triggers包括成绩差、考试压力、来自同学的戏谑和混乱的教学方法)”,尤其是“poor marks,test pressures,teases from fellow pupils and a confusing mix of teaching methods”可猜测画线单词的意思是“原因”。故选B项。
7.D 推理判断题。考查考生理解文本具体信息并归纳概括的能力。根据文章的主要内容可知,本文主要讲述了学生表现出数学焦虑的情况,以及这种情况产生的原因,由此推测,文章接下来会写如何应对数学焦虑,所以D项“How to deal with the maths frustration.(如何应对数学焦虑)”符合以上推测,故选D项。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
I’m Li Hua,one of your Chinese students from Class Three.I am really sorry to know that you had to return to Ireland on sick leave.I am rather worried about your health and want to know if you are getting better now.
Owing to your excellent work,every one of us has made great progress in English,the best of which is that we have grasped effective learning methods. Besides,with the national college entrance exam approaching,we are busy making final preparations.We are sure that we will live up to your expectations.
We sincerely hope you will recover soon and we are expecting your early return to China.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua